Ювелірна форма з Ходосівського поселення волинцевської культури

• Published in: Археологія і давня історія України
• Date: 2021
• Main Author: Комар, О.В.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Інститут археології НАН України 2021
• Subjects: Ювелірна cправа
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187432
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Ювелірна форма з Ходосівського поселення волинцевської культури / О.В. Комар // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2021. — Вип. 1 (38). — С. 383-397. — Бібліогр.: 65 назв. — укр.

У публікації вводяться в науковий обіг матеріали зі споруди волинцевської культури другої половини VIII ст. зі знахідкою стулки форми для виготовлення легкоплавких прикрас-нашивок кола Бернашівки. Casting molds for making small ornaments of lead
 or tin alloys were found in different parts of the East
 Europe in the areas of various archaeological cultures.
 This simple technology and simple shapes of products
 were in use by many peoples since 3rd till 10th century
 and perhaps even earlier. Lead castings and stone
 molds for their manufacture attracted the attention of
 researchers of Early Slavic archaeology since discovery
 of the Velyki Budky hoard (1981) and Bernashivka
 workshop (1990).
 The obvious problem was the chronological and geographic
 lacuna between the Slavic Bernashivka type
 ornaments (6th—7th centuries) and ornaments of the
 Kamno-Rõuge type (8th—10th centuries) from the Eastern
 Baltic region. Several versions explaining the similarity
 of finds from the northern and southern areas
 have been proposed: common substrate, population migrations,
 imitation of some fashion etc. In recent years
 two molds for some ornaments of the Kamno-Rõuge
 type have been discovered at the Romny culture hillforts
 (Sverdlovske 1, Vorkhol II), which demonstrated
 the lasting of the tradition in the south until the
 10th century.
 A problem of the upper limit for existence of the
 Bernashivka type ornaments can be clarified using
 the mold find from Khodosivka settlement. The mold
 was discovered by expedition of E. O. Petrovska in
 1976 during a survey along the left edge of the Gley
 ravine (Kozakiv ravine) near the Khodosivka hillfort.
 It was found in remaining part of a pit dwelling in context
 with fragments of hand-made and wheel-made
 pots of the Volyntsevo culture. The object dates back
 to the second half of the 8th century — early 9th century.
 Negatives of ornaments are carved on both sides
 of the mold. A diamond-shaped patch carved on the
 main side. On the reverse side the negatives of round
 plaques are carved and probably loops for attaching
 the same plaques. There is also circular decoration
 presents, probably, of a circular pendant. The closest
 analogies to such decorations were found in the Bernashivka
 workshop, and also at the molds from the
 Lower Danube region. Products from the Khodosivka
 mold look quite archaic and simple in comparing to
 gold and silver jewelry from hoards of the Volyntsevo
 culture. Such production was undoubtedly the part of
 nonprofessional home craft.