Харчування прикарпатського населення у ІІІ—ІV ст.

• Published in: Археологія і давня історія України
• Date: 2021
• Main Author: Вакуленко, Л.В.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Інститут археології НАН України 2021
• Subjects: Статті
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187433
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Харчування прикарпатського населення у ІІІ—ІV ст. / Л.В. Вакуленко // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2021. — Вип. 1 (38). — С. 10-15. — Бібліогр.: 27 назв. — укр.

Аналіз археологічних матеріалів, що походять з
 пам’яток культури карпатських курганів, дозволив
 отримати відомості щодо основних джерел харчування прикарпатського населення у ІІІ—ІV ст. The issue of the sources and nature of nutrition of
 ancient population is undoubtedly important to reproduce
 the general picture of its life. Archaeologists
 learn about this, analyzing the remains of foodstuffs
 or equipment, which have been found during the excavation
 of sites and may indicate the manufacture or
 usage of such products.
 The Subcarpathian territory in the 3rd—4th centuries
 was inhabited by the tribes of the Carpathian Barrows
 Culture. The agricultural nature of the economy of this
 population was determined after the discovery and research
 of the settlements. Long time this archaeological
 culture was known only by its burial sites.
 Naturally, the basis of nutrition of the ancient farmer
 population was the cereals. In particular, the complex
 of granaries with charred grain, discovered at the settlement
 near Pylypy village, indicates the wide range of
 cultivated cereals, among which the preference was given
 to the barley, millet, oats. Apparently, the Subcarpathian
 people in the 3rd—4th centuries used for nutrition mainly
 the products of retreatment of these cereals. It is interested
 that, according to ethnographic data, before the appearance
 of corn and potatoes just the barley, millet and
 oats were the basis of the daily food of the Carpathian
 Ukrainians. Even in nineteenth century traditional unleavened
 bread has been baked of oatmeal. The population
 was engaged in animal husbandry, kept the cows,
 horses, sheep, goats, pigs, and poultry. The bones of these
 animals and birds were occurred in the materials of settlements
 and burials. The usage of dairy products is evidenced
 by the findings of jugs, mugs and clay «colanders»
 for making cottage cheese. The dishes cooked of lamb,
 pork, poultry as well the eggs were placed in the burial as
 funeral food. Population Subcarpathian Barrows Culture
 not use meat of horse as food. The presence of burnt horse
 bones in the barrows was of sacred significance. Horses in
 burials were escort animals to the afterlife.
 Archaeological finds of hunting weapons and fishing
 tackle give reasons to believe that additional meals were
 the game and fish. Naturally, the ancient population also
 fed by mushrooms, berries, honey of wild bees, herbs.