Залізний реманент хліборобів із Ревного

• Опубліковано в: : Археологія і давня історія України
• Дата: 2021
• Автори: Горбаненко, С.А., Михайлина, Л.П.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Інститут археології НАН України 2021
• Теми: Статті
• Онлайн доступ: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187434
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: Залізний реманент хліборобів із Ревного / С.А. Горбаненко, Л.П. Михайлина // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2021. — Вип. 1 (38). — С. 16-32. — Бібліогр.: 75 назв. — укр.

У статті проаналізовано залізні знаряддя хліборобської праці з Ревнянської агломерації слов’ян
 VIII—X ст. Проведено порівняльний аналіз матеріалів у географічному оточенні: в межах ареалу
 райковецької культури, а також з-поміж синхронних та хронологічно близьких культур і пам’яток.
 Зроблено висновок про високий рівень техніки землеробства. Iron agricultural tools from the Revne agglomeration
 of Slavs of the 8th—10th centuries is analyzed in the paper.
 The complex is one of the outstanding sites of the
 Eastern Croats Slavic tribal group in the Ukrainian
 Carpathian region (fig. 1). During ca. 50 years of stationary
 and supervisory explorations almost complete
 set of agricultural tools for primary and secondary tillage
 and for harvesting has been accumulated.
 The paper provides detailed description of the tools.
 Comparative analysis of the materials in geographical
 environment was carried out both in the area of Raiky
 culture and synchronous and chronologically close cultures
 and sites. Iron parts of plow-type tools certify a
 high level of technical equipment for tillage. Asymmetrical
 heads are inherent in bow ard. This plow-type tool
 had the head with iron wide-bladed tip posed horizontally
 to the ground and also knife coulter and mouldboard.
 Arable tools of this type cutted and turned the
 soil. Their use indicates the highest level of development
 of technical capabilities of tillage in the area of
 Raiky culture and synchronous archaeological cultures
 (fig. 2—4, 9). Hoes of two types are presented: the socketed
 items with a vertical open socket and those with
 a horizontal solid socket. Both types are well-known
 (the first type is much more common) but functionally
 there is no difference between them. Their analogies
 are common in the area of Raiky culture and synchronous
 surrounding (fig. 5, 6, 9).
 The harvesting process can be considered traditional
 for the people of Raiky culture. However there are
 insignificant differences comparing to the aggregate
 data. Thus, scythes with a curved handle (mainly used
 for haymaking and possibly for harvesting cereals with
 a tight ear) have not yet been occurred in Revne. However,
 such findings are generally much less common
 than sickles (fig. 7—9).
 The complex of iron agricultural tools shows the
 highest level of development of agriculture in the people
 of Raiky culture. Comparative analysis with other
 cultural and ethnic groups of the late 1st millennium
 AD in Central and Eastern Europe also shows that the
 level of agriculture is close to the achievements of the
 Saltiv culture.