Господарський уклад мешканців городища Ширяєве

• Veröffentlicht in: Археологія і давня історія України
• Datum: 2021
• Hauptverfasser: Бондаренко, В.Л., Каравайко, Д.В.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainisch
• Veröffentlicht: Інститут археології НАН України 2021
• Schlagworte: Археологія і природничі науки
• Online Zugang: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187547
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Zitieren: Господарський уклад мешканців городища Ширяєве / В.Л. Бондаренко, Д.В. Каравайко // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2021. — Вип. 4 (41). — С. 151-163. — Бібліогр.: 16 назв. — укр.

У статті проаналізовано господарський уклад
 мешканців городища раннього залізного віку Ширяєве. Зроблено попередні висновки щодо розвитку
 землеробства. Визначено видо-віковий склад свійської худоби. Означено основні промислові тварини.
 Висновки зроблено на тлі порівняння з матеріалами інших пам’яток — зокрема, городищ Більськ,
 Мариця, Переверзево, а також ряду укріплень юхнівської культури лісової смуги. Відмічається значний розвиток рибальства, проте без застосування сіток. The Shyriaieve hillfort of the Scythian Age was
 excavated at the late of the 40s and in 1950. The site
 is located on the high right bank of the Seym River
 within Putyvl region. As a result, for the first time the
 information about the household of the local people
 was obtained. The researches at the site were resumed
 in 2017. During these four years, the identified material
 has become a basic to clarify some conclusions
 about agriculture, husbandry, hunting and fishing.
 During the comparative analysis the sources from the
 other fortified sites of the Scythian Age related to the
 Yukhniv culture of the Seym region and the ash-hill 10
 of the Western Bilsk hillfort have been processed.
 In our days the information about agriculture of the
 population of Shyriaieve hillfort is extremely scarce.
 These are a few finds of agricultural tools, prints of cereals
 on the pottery (millet) and burnt barley grains.
 But the information about domestic animals and
 hunting species was processed. During four years of
 excavation, 3575 bones have been identified. The cattle
 breeding was predominant, as usual for the other
 settlements of the early Iron Age. Also, husbandry consisted
 of pig-, horse- and small cattle-breeding (with
 some differences).
 The results of comparative analysis of hunting species
 are different for the prevailing species on different
 sites. In most cases, the main object of hunting was a
 wild boar. This fact depends on the species diversity.
 As well as in whole population of the Yukhniv culture,
 in the Shyriaieve hillfort the fishing had been developed.
 The analysis of bone remains and fish scales
 ostends that the predatory fish was predominant. The
 complete absence of carp indicates the using the hook
 fishing. The nets were not used.
 It is not a final conclusion because the excavations
 are going on. However, based on the features of the local
 soils and the main hunting species of the population
 of the Shyriaieve hillfort the site was probably located
 in Scythian Age in the Forest zone not in the Forest-
 Steppe one according to modern geographical zoning.