До історії вивчення скіфських пам’яток Надпоріжжя (безкурганний могильник біля Третього кар’єру Дніпробуду)

• Опубліковано в: : Археологія і давня історія України
• Дата: 2022
• Автор: Могилов, О.Д.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Інститут археології НАН України 2022
• Теми: Історія науки
• Онлайн доступ: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187590
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: До історії вивчення скіфських пам’яток Надпоріжжя (безкурганний могильник біля Третього кар’єру Дніпробуду) / О.Д. Могилов // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2022. — Вип. 1 (42). — С. 256-263. — Бібліогр.: 56 назв. — укр.

У статті висвітлено матеріали безкурганного
 некрополя біля Третього кар’єру Дніпробуду, який
 вивчався в ході масштабних археологічних робіт
 при побудові Дніпрогесу в 1931 р. During the period between First and Second World
 Wars a large-scale archaeological research was carried
 out in connection with the construction of the Dnieper
 Hydroelectric Station (the DniproHES). Large number
 of ancient sites felt into the area of flooding and destruction.
 In order to study them the Dniprobud expedition
 was organized which carried out significant
 excavations in 1927—1932 under the head of D. I. Yavornytskyi.
 Among the excavated sites there was also the necropolis
 located on the eastern side of the 3rd quarry of
 the Dniprobud, on the right bank of the modern Zaporizhzhya
 city, on a high rocky slope of the Old Dnieper.
 The works took place in September — early October
 1931 headed by the Dniprobud expedition member
 P. I. Smolichev. At the time of the excavation most of
 the necropolis included more than a dozen stone pavements
 had been destroyed. Only two burials survived
 under single-layer stone pavements with a diameter
 of 5.6—8 m. A menhir-like stone was recorded near
 grave 1. Single burials of the necropolis were made in
 catacombs with stone chambers’ barriers. Supposedly
 a child and a warrior were buried. Child’s burial was
 without grave goods. The man was accompanied by the
 arrowheads and pot.
 The necropolis near the 3rd quarry of Dniprobud is a
 part of the whole system of Scythian necropolises with
 moundless burials on the Lower Dnieper. The area
 of such necropolises coincides with the Scythian settlement
 network. Settlements are often located near
 such necropolises which gives grounds to connect these
 burials with the population of such settlements. The
 topography of the necropolis on the slope above the
 Dnieper is typical for burial mounds in the Dnieper
 area. Burials made of stone are also typical for this region.
 This tradition dates back to the Bronze Age and is
 also known during the pre-Scythian period. The graves
 near the 3rd quarry of Dniprobud can be dated to the
 4th century BC based on the types of burial structures
 and grave goods. Moreover, they can be considered to
 belong to the local ordinary nomadic Scythian population
 which began to change their way of life to the settled
 one. However, it preserved typical traditions of nomads’
 funeral rites. In addition, the implementation of
 burials under stone pavements may indicate that the
 new ethnic substrate of the region, formed in Scythian
 Age, may have included some part of the aboriginal
 population that lived here since the Bronze Age and
 pre-Scythian times.