Про функціональне призначення трипроменевих ажурних блях із Мартинівського скарбу

• Опубліковано в: : Археологія і давня історія України
• Дата: 2022
• Автор: Володарець-Урбанович, Я.В.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Інститут археології НАН України 2022
• Теми: Дискусії
• Онлайн доступ: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187643
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: Про функціональне призначення трипроменевих ажурних блях із Мартинівського скарбу / Я.В. Володарець-Урбанович // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2022. — Вип. 2 (43). — С. 333-350. — Бібліогр.: 63 назв. — укр.

У статті розглянуто функціональне використання двох трипроменевих ажурних блях із
 Мартинівського скарбу. Висловлюється припущення про їх приналежність до деталей жіночого
 вбрання чи кінського спорядження за аналогіями
 із могильників Криму та Аварського каганату. Ці
 прикраси могли мати декоративне призначення. The paper presents consider of the functional use of
 two three-beam openwork badges from the Martynivka
 hoard (fig. 1). There are two points of view on the functional
 use of these products: 1) horse trappings; 2) details
 of the belt.
 An attempt is made to determine the range of possible
 analogies or prototypes of products. All analogies
 can be divided into two major groups: 1) on the general
 outlines; 2) on the «internal ornamentation».
 The first group. An almost complete analogy to the
 products from the Martynivka hoard is the decoration
 from grave 1, vault 238 of the Luchiste cemetery in the
 Crimea (fig. 2) — the last quarter of the 7th century.
 The other two analogies come from the Avar cemetery
 of Pécs-Köztemető, burial 45 (fig. 3), although they
 differ in greater finesse. This is the burial of a horse
 with trappings. A. Kissa dates this area of the cemetery
 within the end of 6th — middle of 7th century.
 More distant analogies are two finds (almost completely
 identical to each other) from the Luchiste cemetery,
 from vault 65, grave 2 — the second half of the
 7th century (figs. 4—6) and vault 113 — the first half
 of the 7th century (fig. 8: 7). A similar badge depicting
 a man in the center comes from Cherkasy or Chyhyryn
 counties (fig. 8: 8). This find, together with products from
 Luchiste, on formal grounds belongs to type IV according
 to E. Garam. On the territory of the Avar Khanate,
 similar ornaments are known (figs. 7; 8: 9—12) — Tiszafüred,
 grave 166 and 262, Tiszaderzs, grave 14 and an
 accidental find from Hungary.
 Second group. Prototypes or analogies for this
 group are determined by internal ornamentation. They
 can be found among the bronze belt openwork badges of
 a number of cemeteries of the Avar Khanate.
 The first subgroup — badges with three rays departing
 from the central shamrock (fig. 8: 13). The second
 subgroup — badges with a triangle in the centre with
 three groups of double rays diverging from it in different
 directions (fig. 8: 14). The third subgroup — badges with
 а circle in the centre and three radial rays (fig. 8: 15).
 So, in the second group you can find similar products,
 they are very diverse, differ in the design of interior
 decoration. There is a difference from the presence of
 eyelets. Although finds from Avar cemeteries sometimes
 have one eyelet.
 In the Avars, the beginning of the existence of such
 products falls on the Early Avar period — the second half
 of 6th — early 7th century, although most of them in the
 Late Avar period — 8th century. E. Garam believes that
 these products appear in the Avars from the middle of
 the 7th century and continue to exist in the 8th century.
 Thus, the three-beam openwork badges from the Martynivka
 hoard could have two uses: as details of a horse
 harness and details of belt ornaments of a woman’s suit.