On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic
Cluster decay, as a special type of radioactive decay, up to date, is widely investigated. Nevertheless, until now, this activity is restricted: from one side by the possibilities of theoretical analysis, where some success is obtained for light nuclei only; and from another side only by experiments...
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
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| Cite this: | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic / A.D. Skorbun, O.A. Kuchmagra, G.I. Odinokin, V.T. Maslyuk, M.I. Romanyuk // Problems of atomic science and tecnology. — 2020. — № 3. — С. 143-147. — Бібліогр.: 16 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860258712025825280 |
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| author | Skorbun, A.D. Kuchmagra, O.A. Odinokin, G.I. Maslyuk, V.T. Romanyuk, M.I. |
| author_facet | Skorbun, A.D. Kuchmagra, O.A. Odinokin, G.I. Maslyuk, V.T. Romanyuk, M.I. |
| citation_txt | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic / A.D. Skorbun, O.A. Kuchmagra, G.I. Odinokin, V.T. Maslyuk, M.I. Romanyuk // Problems of atomic science and tecnology. — 2020. — № 3. — С. 143-147. — Бібліогр.: 16 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | Cluster decay, as a special type of radioactive decay, up to date, is widely investigated. Nevertheless, until now, this activity is restricted: from one side by the possibilities of theoretical analysis, where some success is obtained for light nuclei only; and from another side only by experiments for nuclei defragmentation in searching for fission on magic nuclei. However, standard methods of radiometry and statistical analysis have not yet been applied. Such possibility can be realized by searching for acts of cluster decay as a rare event on an array of alpha-decay acts of actinides, which are recorded by industrial ionization fission chambers. The scheme of the experiment is discussed, which consists in the registration of every act of alpha-decay, against the background of which it is possible to detect the presence of nuclear clusters based on isotopes of ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О, and others, which can be formed in the decay of ²³⁴,²³⁵U. The requirements for electronics and the background conditions for such an experiment are discussed in detail.
Кластерний розпад, як особливий тип радіоактивного розпаду, на сьогоднішній день широко досліджується. Проте досі ця діяльність обмежена: з одного боку — можливостями теоретичного аналізу, де деякого успіху досягнуто лише для легких ядер, а з другого боку — лише експериментами з дефрагментації ядер у пошуках поділу на магічні ядра. Стандартні ж методи радіометрії і статистичного аналізу продуктів ядерних перетворень досі не застосовувались. Така можливість може бути реалізована шляхом пошуку актів кластерного розпаду, як рідкісних подій на масиві актів альфа-розпаду актинідних ядер, які фіксуються промисловими іонізаційними камерами поділу. Обговорюється схема експерименту, яка полягає в реєстрації кожного акту альфа-розпаду, на фоні яких можливо зафіксувати присутність ядерних кластерів ізотопів ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О та інших, які можуть утворитися при розпаді ²³⁴,²³⁵U. Детально обговорюються вимоги до електроніки та фонові умови для такого експерименту.
Кластерный распад, как особый тип радиоактивного распада, на сегодняшний день широко исследуется. Однако до сих пор эта деятельность ограничена: с одной стороны — возможностями теоретического анализа, где некоторых успехов достигли только для легких ядер, с другой стороны — только экспериментами по дефрагментации ядер в поисках деления на магические ядра. Стандартные же методы радиометрии и статистического анализа продуктов ядерных превращений до сих пор не применялись. Такая возможность может быть реализована путем поиска актов кластерного распада, как единичных событий на массиве актов альфа-распада актинидных ядер, которые фиксируются промышленными ионизационными камерами деления. Обсуждается схема эксперимента, состоящая в регистрации каждого акта альфа-распада, на фоне которых возможно зафиксировать присутствие ядерных кластеров изотопов ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О и др., способных образоваться при распаде ²³⁴,²³⁵U. Детально обсуждаются требования к электронике и фоновые условия для такого эксперимента.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:52:26Z |
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2020. №3(127) 143
ON THE POSSIBILITY TO DETECT ACTS OF CLUSTER DECAY
OF ATOMIC NUCLEI BY THE METHODS OF NOISE DIAGNOSTIC
A.D. Skorbun1, O.A. Kuchmagra1, G.I. Odinokin1, V.T. Maslyuk2, M.I. Romanyuk2
1Institute for safety problems of nuclear power plant NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
2Institute of Electron Physics, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
E-mail: anskorbun@gmail.com; myk.romanyuk@gmail.com
Cluster decay, as a special type of radioactive decay, up to date, is widely investigated. Nevertheless, until now,
this activity is restricted: from one side by the possibilities of theoretical analysis, where some success is obtained
for light nuclei only; and from another side only by experiments for nuclei defragmentation in searching for fission
on magic nuclei. However, standard methods of radiometry and statistical analysis have not yet been applied. Such
possibility can be realized by searching for acts of cluster decay as a rare event on an array of alpha-decay acts of
actinides, which are recorded by industrial ionization fission chambers. The scheme of the experiment is discussed,
which consists in the registration of every act of alpha-decay, against the background of which it is possible to detect
the presence of nuclear clusters based on isotopes of 12,14С, 20О, and others, which can be formed in the decay of
234,235U. The requirements for electronics and the background conditions for such an experiment are discussed in
detail.
PACS: 21.60.Gx; 23.60.+e; 23.90.+w; 28.41.My
INTRODUCTION
The radioactivity phenomenon, which consists of the
emission of elementary nuclear particles, or even indi-
vidual nuclei, today is considered as a mainly intra-
nuclear process. Investigation of these processes gives
information about the stability of nuclear matter, the
role of shell corrections, and also about the peculiarities
of nucleons interaction in a nucleus. The last character-
istics is especially crucial for explaining the cluster
model of the nucleus [1], when, in addition to alpha-
particles, more complex nuclear fragments, such as
12,14С, 20О can be emitted [2, 3]. There are even molecu-
lar models of a nucleus [1], which analyzed the nature
and possibilities for realization in the nucleus the cluster
structures with different dimensionality.
Experimental evidence of cluster radioactivity is
looking for in the analysis of nuclei fission fragments
[4]. In the last time, to this task the experiments for
multi-fragmentation of atomic nuclei on the high-energy
particle installations [5, 6] are recruited. These are
enough complicated and expensive experiments with
ambiguous results. Nevertheless, the main problem is
that they are directed to evidence of the cluster structure
of fissioning nuclei, not in the cluster decay.
In our work, it is proposed to recruit to the task of
cluster radioactivity investigation, in particular, the
standard methods of radiometry, and statistical analysis
of noise diagnostic data. In particular, one must be look-
ing for acts of cluster decay of nuclei-actinides among
acts of natural alpha-decay. The main idea of our pro-
posal is based on a hypothesis that the energy of parti-
cles as the result of cluster decay, will be proportional to
their mass and, consequently, will be in several times
higher, compared to the energy of alpha-particle during
the standard alpha-decay process. This distinction and
will be a required indication of cluster decay. The other
requirement is in the necessity to organize an experi-
ment, that long set of measurements will be fulfilled, for
creating vast data array on the energy of particles, which
can permit to carry out a reliable statistical analysis of
the results.
Technically the problem of cluster decay searching
is reduced to known in nuclear physics the task to ex-
tract or fixed rare events, using standard fission ioniza-
tion chambers, for instance, KNT-31-1 [7], which are
intended to measure neutron fluxes and use active ele-
ments on the base of 234,235U. Such a device is a conven-
tional apparatus of the system for control of the safety
of nuclear power plants, and it is reliable with very
well-known characteristics.
In the article, requirements are discussed to stabili-
zation of equipment for registrations and organizing
long continuous measurements; characteristics of elec-
tronics for such type of experiments; methods of re-
ceived signals treatment, necessary for ensuring the reli-
ability of registration of cluster decay acts. It is also dis-
cussed the question of comparing cluster decay prob-
abilities in the frames of the tunneling theory and the
theory of spontaneous fission of actinides nuclei.
CLUSTER RADIOACTIVITY:
FROM TUNNELING TO SPONTANEOUS
NUCLEUS FISSION
The term "cluster radioactivity" is applied to a phe-
nomenon of emission, or appearance among the prod-
ucts of actinides nuclei transformations, high energy
nucleon clusters, which are more massive, than alpha-
particles. Cluster radioactivity was predicted and dis-
covered in the 80-th of the last century [1], and more
than eight nuclear clusters emitted from more than 25
heavy nuclei, from 114Ba to 241Аm, have now been ex-
perimentally confirmed [8, 9]. Cluster radioactivity is
considered as a phenomenon, intermediate between al-
pha-decay and spontaneous fission of a nucleus. Com-
mon for both of them is a barrier mechanism of realiza-
tion of a final state: formation of alpha particle or en-
semble of different fission fragments. In the first case it
is Coulomb barrier with the height Bk 2Z/A1/3 МеV,
which prevent to alpha particle tunneling; in the second
one it is a potential barrier, which is determined by dif-
ference between surface and Coulomb energies of fis-
sion nucleus, and restrain transition of nucleus from
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2020. №3(127) 144
spherical to ellipsoidal form (liquid drop model) in case
of Z2/A < 48. For an explanation of cluster radioactivity,
combining of adiabatic and non-adiabatic approaches
are used, depending on a mass of the emitted cluster. At
that, a mass Аf ~ 35 is becoming as a critical parameter
[10, 11]. At A< Аf, parameters of cluster radioactivity
(period of cluster decay, cluster energy) are satisfacto-
rily described in the frame of an alpha-decay theory, but
in another case, adiabatic mechanisms from the theory
of nucleus fission are used. Therefore, for the problems
of cluster radioactivity, it is interesting to investigate
probabilities of the yield of heavy nuclei fission frag-
ments and to establish influence factors. Such a task can
be solved in the frame of after-fission approximation
when particular characteristics of mass or charge distri-
butions are determined according to the character of the
thermodynamic ordering of the nucleus fission products
[12]. Fig. 1 demonstrates the dependencies of probabili-
ties, P, of the yields of different fission fragments with
the atomic number Zi (charge spectrum) and the fine
structure that is caused by the magical numbers 8, 20,
28, 50, and 82. It should be noted that similar trends
take place for the charge spectrum for isotopes of 233-
238U. Note the strong dependence of the yields of the
fission fragments on the excitation, or the fissile isotope
234U nuclear temperature, T. For example, the transition
from "cold", T = 0.5 MeV to "hot" T = 2.0 MeV fission
stages increases the probability of clusters contained, for
example, of oxygen isotopes, Z = 8, in 10105, whereas
for Si isotopes, such growth is only 1073. For Z = 6, C
isotopes, such growth is already 10112!
0 20 40 60 80 100
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
ln
(Y
),
ar
b.
un
.
Zi
T=0,5 MeV
T=1,0 MeV
T=2,0 MeV
234U
a
0 20 40 60 80 100
-16
-12
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
28
82
50
D
er
iv
.,a
rb
.u
n.
Zi
T=2,0 MeV
T=1,0 MeV
T=0,50 MeV
8 20
b
Fig. 1. The temperature dependencies of the charge
spectrum of the fission fragment yields for different
values of nuclear temperature (a); fine structures,
obtained by differentiating of the curves into (a).
The features caused by the magic numbers of proton
shells are highlighted (b)
The given estimations were obtained within assump-
tion on two-fragments fission and did not takes into ac-
count the tunneling mechanism of nuclear transforma-
tions. However, in case of strong excitation of the fissile
nucleus by the high energy gamma quanta or neutron,
this mechanism can give a contribution to cluster radio-
activity occurrence.
CHARACTERISTICS OF DETECTING
SYSTEM
Schematically standard ionization fission chambers
for registration of neutron flows have such a construc-
tion [7]. They are filled with gas into the working vol-
ume with two electrodes are placed there. The thin layer
of 235U covers one of the electrodes (cathode), and such
construction is named as the radiator. Under neutron
action, 235U is divided, and high-energetic fragments of
fission ionize a gas. If to feed high voltage to the anode,
then products of ionization – electrons and ions – are
collected there. They form an electrical impulse, an am-
plitude of which depends on the degree of ionization of
the gas in working volume by fragments of 235U fission.
The appearance of an impulse in the electrical circuit of
the detecting system corresponds to an act of neutron
registration. In a given scheme of experiments about
cluster radioactivity, one must pay considerable atten-
tion to the control of background conditions, or self-
noise of an ionization chamber, against the background
of which impulses from neutron registration are ob-
served. The peculiarity of an ionization fission chamber,
specifically the KNT-31-1 apparatus, which is proposed
to use in the given work, is that their noises can have the
two components: noises of electronics and the same,
produced by spontaneous alpha-decay of uranium,
coated on an electrode, so-called alpha-current or alpha-
noise. This effect at neutron registration is considered as
parasitic one. Furthermore, it can be easily eliminated,
using the fact that the amplitude of impulse from alpha-
particles is much less than from neutron impulses.
Therefore, at using amplitude discriminator on the cor-
responding level, the system will fix only impulses, ex-
cited by neutrons.
However, for our task, an ionization chamber can be
considered as an ideal source of alpha-particles, with the
complete and refined system of their registration. Statis-
tical properties of alpha-current, to use it, have been
investigated in our previous works [13], where it was
shown, including, that it is possible to plainly distin-
guish alpha-current and, correspondingly, to investigate
its statistical properties.
According to this, we consider a possibility to use an
alpha-decay source inside of the ionization chamber, for
the task of cluster decay searching. As it was pointed
out, we will proceed from the assumption that as an in-
dication of cluster decay will be impulses, amplitudes of
which will exceed amplitudes of impulses from alpha-
current. In this case, such conditions correspond to the
known task of registering of neutron pulses on the of α-
current’s background with the difference that the ampli-
tudes of the single pulses from the cluster decay, as ex-
pected, are comparable in order of magnitude to the am-
plitudes of the pulses of α-current.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2020. №3(127) 145
Fig. 2. Oscillogrammes of ionization chamber signals
from two parallel channels: 1 – in the first channel
noises are hardly seen (at the given level of amplifying
=0.5 V); 2 – neutron impulse in the second channel are
seen practically without noises (a). Noisy signals
(of alpha-current) are enough alike in both channels.
The level of amplifying is 0.15 V (b)
For more specific consideration, Fig. 2 presents re-
sults about a neutron pulse, a, and α-current signals, b,
illustrating the difference in such signal detection. As
one can see, the neutron pulse is observed on a nearly
flat path of the panel, while the α-current pulses must be
separated from the noise background. However, it was
shown in our works [13, 14] that electronics noise, α-
current signals, and neutron pulses can be assuredly
separated.
EXPERIMENTS ON CLUSTER
RADIOACTIVITY WITH USING NOISE
DIAGNOSTICS METHODS
In experimental studies for receiving necessary input
information for statistical analyzing, equipment must be
used, which is capable of fixing and of storing a chrono-
logical sequence (time sets) of moments of registration of
every neutron, which get into a detector, with some time
resolution. It is essential to ensure automation and control
of the measurement processes, raw data calculations, and
processing according to developed methods and algo-
rithms for different methods of noise diagnostics.
Such a procedure gives the possibility of carrying
out independent processing of accumulated data by us-
ing different methods of statistical or correlation noise
analysis. The main advantage of this approach to the
measurement of noises is that analysis of data is carried
over from the stage of on-line measurements to the
stage of data processing that considerably simplifies and
reduces the cost of the experiment, due to all measure-
ments are carried out by the same, industrial and rela-
tively simple equipment. Furthermore, for our task, this
means the possibility to control parameters of impulses
created by our equipment, in particular, their amplitude.
During alpha-current measurements, impulses are
sent to amplitude analyzer, in which they are sorted into
1024 channels according to their amplitudes. It was es-
tablished that in the interval from first to 50-th channels,
electronics noises are registered, and signals in the area
of 50…80-th channels do not depend on neutron's pres-
ence or absence (Fig. 3). Thus, in the area of 50…80-th
channels, the alpha-current is registered (Fig. 4).
Fig. 3. Typical appearance of an amplitude spectrum
for the full set of measurements with the presence
of neutrons (1) and in the absence of them (2). The up-
per-scale demonstrates the correspondence between
the level of discrimination and the number of a channel
Fig. 4. The amplitude spectrum of impulses, which were
registered in 50…80-th channels: the discriminator
"cuts" impulses with amplitudes, less than the 50-th
channel, and greater than 100-th channel
(shown by the vertical line)
If they use two amplitude discriminators to select
this area of amplitudes, it is possible to investigate sta-
tistics of alpha-current signals.
In Fig. 3 the schematic image of amplitude depend-
ences (or spectrum), which were received in the ex-
periment with the given ionization chamber KNT-31-1,
is presented. In this image it is possible to separate three
areas: shaded area I, which includes 50…80-th chan-
nels, where signals from detector practically do not de-
pend on neutrons presence; also shaded area II on the
right, where impulses from neutrons events are re-
vealed; and an area from 80-th to 100-th channels be-
tween them with the curve 2, where alpha-current is
fixed.
a
b
1
2
1
2
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2020. №3(127) 146
As it was pointed earlier, due to some time is neces-
sary to collect electrons and ions from ionization inside
a fission chamber (“dead time”), the system can also
register impulses of double or more amplitude, if ioniza-
tion will be due to particles, which ionize the gas practi-
cally simultaneously, that is during a dead time. Then
signals from two or more alpha-particles will be re-
ceived as a single one.
The probability of such processes can be estimated if
to consider them as Poisson ones. In our case, it is sug-
gested that the time of ionization charges collection in
chamber KNT-31-1 is equal to τ = 0.4∙10-6 s. Estimating
the probability of occurrence of overlaps allows one to
determine the number of expected events. It is possible
to estimate the probability of events overlaps for alpha-
particles during the time of measurement t according to
the formula [15]:
0
!
)(),( 0 n
n
n e
n
nnP ,
where n is the number of alpha-particles, which create
overlap; n0 is the number of alpha-particles, which is
emitted by radiator in one second inside of fission
chamber volume; is the time, during which the overlap
is possible.
Then the number of overlapping for time unit is cal-
culated according to formula )(0 npnN n (Table).
Results of the standard calculations of the probability
of simultaneous registration of alpha-particles
n
0
!
nn
n
0ne pn N
1 0.25 0.778 0.1945 121 562
2 0.03125 0.778 0.0243 15 187
3 2.6∙10-3 0.778 2.0∙10-3 1 250
4 1.63∙10-4 0.778 1.27∙10-4 79
5 8.14∙10-6 0.778 6.33∙10-6 4
Thus calculations show that in ionization chamber
KNT-31-1, the impulses from overlapping up to five
alpha-particles can arise. It is considered that such
summing impulses, in reality, are fixed by existing
equipment. Their number is decreased with the increase
of the amplitude of a summing impulse, hereupon an
amplitude spectrum in Fig. 3 is not the straight line, but
a diffuse area from 50-th to 100-th channels. According
to reference data for 234U, which also is present on the
cathode of KNT-31-1, it is an intensive source of alpha-
particles, which have energy 4722.4 kеV (in 28.42%
cases) and 4774.6 kеV (in 71.38% cases). In the case of
five alpha-particle overlapping and full ionization
charge accumulation inside an ionization chamber, the
impulse with energy about 30 MeV is registered. This
energy is comparable with the energy of a light nucleus
at cluster radioactivity [2]. The amplitude of such an
impulse is belonged to the range of values for fission
fragment registration in the case of neutron detecting
and can be fixed in an amplitudes spectrum.
One can try to avoid this problem, taking into ac-
count the peculiarity of the fission chamber, that a radia-
tor of KNT-31-1 chamber, in reality, is a mixture of
235U+234U isotopes. The activity of 234U, despite its
small concentration, is higher by several orders of mag-
nitude than 235U. That is noise current or alpha-current
of such chambers is mainly the result of 234U decay.
Therefore, for the experiments on cluster radioactiv-
ity searching, to reduce the number of background im-
pulses, one should use the fission chamber [16], in
which the radiator must be of exceptionally high en-
richment (99.9% 235U, less than 0.03% 234U). Such a
sort of fission chamber can be more expensive, but the
intensity of alpha-current in them is much lesser. In this
case, the probability the overlapping of impulses of α-
particles under the experimental conditions decreases
and increases the expectation for the possibility of regis-
tration of cluster particles.
Others possibilities for the success of such an ex-
periment are as follows:
1. Equipment modernization, which consists of cre-
ating high-quality electronics for registration impulses
from the ionization fission chamber, which reduces an
electronics component of dead time to the level of
physical restrictions for the processes of ionization and
charge collection, which we estimate as ~ 400 ns.
2. The necessity of theoretical modeling of multi-
particle registration of alpha-current impulses, which
should base on experimental data.
3. New theoretical investigations are necessary for
the systematization of fission fragments of actinides. It
is mainly concern the part of the selection and estima-
tion of the probability of yields of the light magic nu-
clei. It is necessary also to take into account the differ-
ent versions of cluster decay mechanism.
4. Because the matter is of registration of single
events, in the modernized experimental setup, the meas-
ures must be taken to reducing and stabilization of
background conditions in detecting system from neutron
impulses, the equipment stabilization, and to provide
long-time measurements.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, registration of acts of atomic nuclei cluster de-
cay by the noise diagnostics methods must take into
account the fact that such events will be observed as an
integral part of alpha-decay, including the presence of
overlapping processes during measurements. The effect
of overlapping impulses from practically simultaneously
registered alpha-particles seems to be big enough, and it
will be not simply to register the cluster decay impulses
against this background. As an option, it is proposed to
use ionization chambers, which have as a radiator’s ma-
terial the isotope 235U, enriched comparatively to 234U.
An essential item is decreasing of dead time of register-
ing equipment employing by using high-quality elec-
tronics. It is necessary also to carry out numerical esti-
mations of amplitude spectral lines broadening, taking
into account alpha particle energy at multi-particles im-
pulses overlapping. The proposed approach can also
bring success for the registration of more massive nuclei
clusters, such as 34Si, in the case of their emission from
uranium.
A special task is the stabilization of power supply
units and ensuring low background conditions of detect-
ing system from neutrons in case of long-time meas-
urements.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2020. №3(127) 147
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Article received 14.02.2020
О ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ АКТОВ КЛАСТЕРНОГО РАСПАДА АТОМНЫХ ЯДЕР
МЕТОДАМИ ШУМОВОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ
А.Д. Скорбун, О.А. Кучмагра, Г.И. Одинокин, В.Т. Маслюк, Н.И. Романюк
Кластерный распад, как особый тип радиоактивного распада, на сегодняшний день широко исследуется.
Однако до сих пор эта деятельность ограничена: с одной стороны – возможностями теоретического анализа,
где некоторых успехов достигли только для легких ядер, с другой стороны – только экспериментами по де-
фрагментации ядер в поисках деления на магические ядра. Стандартные же методы радиометрии и стати-
стического анализа продуктов ядерных превращений до сих пор не применялись. Такая возможность может
быть реализована путем поиска актов кластерного распада, как единичных событий на массиве актов альфа-
распада актинидных ядер, которые фиксируются промышленными ионизационными камерами деления. Об-
суждается схема эксперимента, состоящая в регистрации каждого акта альфа-распада, на фоне которых воз-
можно зафиксировать присутствие ядерных кластеров изотопов 12,14С, 20О и др., способных образоваться при
распаде 234,235U. Детально обсуждаются требования к электронике и фоновые условия для такого экспери-
мента.
ПРО МОЖЛИВІСТЬ РЕЄСТРАЦІЇ АКТІВ КЛАСТЕРНОГО РОЗПАДУ АТОМНИХ ЯДЕР
МЕТОДАМИ ШУМОВОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ
А.Д. Скорбун, О.А. Кучмагра, Г.І. Одинокін, В.Т. Маслюк, М.І. Романюк
Кластерний розпад, як особливий тип радіоактивного розпаду, на сьогоднішній день широко
досліджується. Проте досі ця діяльність обмежена: з одного боку – можливостями теоретичного аналізу, де
деякого успіху досягнуто лише для легких ядер, а з другого боку – лише експериментами з дефрагментації
ядер у пошуках поділу на магічні ядра. Стандартні ж методи радіометрії і статистичного аналізу продуктів
ядерних перетворень досі не застосовувались. Така можливість може бути реалізована шляхом пошуку актів
кластерного розпаду, як рідкісних подій на масиві актів альфа-розпаду актинідних ядер, які фіксуються
промисловими іонізаційними камерами поділу. Обговорюється схема експерименту, яка полягає в реєстрації
кожного акту альфа-розпаду, на фоні яких можливо зафіксувати присутність ядерних кластерів ізотопів
12,14С, 20О та інших, які можуть утворитися при розпаді 234,235U. Детально обговорюються вимоги до електро-
ніки та фонові умови для такого експерименту.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-194533 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:52:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Skorbun, A.D. Kuchmagra, O.A. Odinokin, G.I. Maslyuk, V.T. Romanyuk, M.I. 2023-11-27T12:16:16Z 2023-11-27T12:16:16Z 2020 On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic / A.D. Skorbun, O.A. Kuchmagra, G.I. Odinokin, V.T. Maslyuk, M.I. Romanyuk // Problems of atomic science and tecnology. — 2020. — № 3. — С. 143-147. — Бібліогр.: 16 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 21.60.Gx; 23.60.+e; 23.90.+w; 28.41.My https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/194533 Cluster decay, as a special type of radioactive decay, up to date, is widely investigated. Nevertheless, until now, this activity is restricted: from one side by the possibilities of theoretical analysis, where some success is obtained for light nuclei only; and from another side only by experiments for nuclei defragmentation in searching for fission on magic nuclei. However, standard methods of radiometry and statistical analysis have not yet been applied. Such possibility can be realized by searching for acts of cluster decay as a rare event on an array of alpha-decay acts of actinides, which are recorded by industrial ionization fission chambers. The scheme of the experiment is discussed, which consists in the registration of every act of alpha-decay, against the background of which it is possible to detect the presence of nuclear clusters based on isotopes of ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О, and others, which can be formed in the decay of ²³⁴,²³⁵U. The requirements for electronics and the background conditions for such an experiment are discussed in detail. Кластерний розпад, як особливий тип радіоактивного розпаду, на сьогоднішній день широко досліджується. Проте досі ця діяльність обмежена: з одного боку — можливостями теоретичного аналізу, де деякого успіху досягнуто лише для легких ядер, а з другого боку — лише експериментами з дефрагментації ядер у пошуках поділу на магічні ядра. Стандартні ж методи радіометрії і статистичного аналізу продуктів ядерних перетворень досі не застосовувались. Така можливість може бути реалізована шляхом пошуку актів кластерного розпаду, як рідкісних подій на масиві актів альфа-розпаду актинідних ядер, які фіксуються промисловими іонізаційними камерами поділу. Обговорюється схема експерименту, яка полягає в реєстрації кожного акту альфа-розпаду, на фоні яких можливо зафіксувати присутність ядерних кластерів ізотопів ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О та інших, які можуть утворитися при розпаді ²³⁴,²³⁵U. Детально обговорюються вимоги до електроніки та фонові умови для такого експерименту. Кластерный распад, как особый тип радиоактивного распада, на сегодняшний день широко исследуется. Однако до сих пор эта деятельность ограничена: с одной стороны — возможностями теоретического анализа, где некоторых успехов достигли только для легких ядер, с другой стороны — только экспериментами по дефрагментации ядер в поисках деления на магические ядра. Стандартные же методы радиометрии и статистического анализа продуктов ядерных превращений до сих пор не применялись. Такая возможность может быть реализована путем поиска актов кластерного распада, как единичных событий на массиве актов альфа-распада актинидных ядер, которые фиксируются промышленными ионизационными камерами деления. Обсуждается схема эксперимента, состоящая в регистрации каждого акта альфа-распада, на фоне которых возможно зафиксировать присутствие ядерных кластеров изотопов ¹²,¹⁴С, ²⁰О и др., способных образоваться при распаде ²³⁴,²³⁵U. Детально обсуждаются требования к электронике и фоновые условия для такого эксперимента. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Experimental methods and processing of data On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic Про можливість реєстрації актів кластерного розпаду атомних ядер методами шумової діагностики О возможности регистрации актов кластерного распада атомных ядер методами шумовой диагностики Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic Skorbun, A.D. Kuchmagra, O.A. Odinokin, G.I. Maslyuk, V.T. Romanyuk, M.I. Experimental methods and processing of data |
| title | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| title_alt | Про можливість реєстрації актів кластерного розпаду атомних ядер методами шумової діагностики О возможности регистрации актов кластерного распада атомных ядер методами шумовой диагностики |
| title_full | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| title_fullStr | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| title_short | On the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| title_sort | on the possibility to detect acts of cluster decay of atomic nuclei by the methods of noise diagnostic |
| topic | Experimental methods and processing of data |
| topic_facet | Experimental methods and processing of data |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/194533 |
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