Threehalf-turn antennas start-up
The start-up experiments were carried out at Uragan-2M stellarator with the Three-Half-Turn antenna (THT) without any pre-ionization. Conditions for optimal gas breakdown were found out through the variation of the neutral gas pressure, magnetic field strength and anode voltage of RF generator. The...
Збережено в:
| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2019 |
| Автори: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2019
|
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/194907 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up / V.E. Moiseenko, A.V. Lozin, M.M. Kozulia, V.B. Korovin, A.A. Beletskii, D.I. Baron, L.I. Grigor’eva, V.V. Chechkin, Yu.K. Mironov, V.S. Romanov, A.N. Shapoval, M.M. Makhov, V.G. Konovalov, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, N.B. Dreval, A.S. Slavnij, O.V. Turianska, Uragan-2M Team // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 263-266. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860237913883672576 |
|---|---|
| author | Moiseenko, V.E. Lozin, A.V. Kozulia, M.M. Korovin, V.B. Beletskii, A.A. Baron, D.I. Grigor’eva, L.I. Chechkin, V.V. Mironov, Yu.K. Romanov, V.S. Shapoval, A.N. Makhov, M.M. Konovalov, V.G. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Dreval, N.B. Slavnij, A.S. Turianska, O.V. Uragan-2M Team |
| author_facet | Moiseenko, V.E. Lozin, A.V. Kozulia, M.M. Korovin, V.B. Beletskii, A.A. Baron, D.I. Grigor’eva, L.I. Chechkin, V.V. Mironov, Yu.K. Romanov, V.S. Shapoval, A.N. Makhov, M.M. Konovalov, V.G. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Dreval, N.B. Slavnij, A.S. Turianska, O.V. Uragan-2M Team |
| citation_txt | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up / V.E. Moiseenko, A.V. Lozin, M.M. Kozulia, V.B. Korovin, A.A. Beletskii, D.I. Baron, L.I. Grigor’eva, V.V. Chechkin, Yu.K. Mironov, V.S. Romanov, A.N. Shapoval, M.M. Makhov, V.G. Konovalov, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, N.B. Dreval, A.S. Slavnij, O.V. Turianska, Uragan-2M Team // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 263-266. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The start-up experiments were carried out at Uragan-2M stellarator with the Three-Half-Turn antenna (THT) without any pre-ionization. Conditions for optimal gas breakdown were found out through the variation of the neutral gas pressure, magnetic field strength and anode voltage of RF generator. The plasma parameters were measured with three Langmuir probes, optical spectroscopy and mutichord optical diagnostics.
На стелараторі Ураган-2М було проведено модельні експерименти зі старту трьохнапіввиткової (ТНВ) антени без предіонізації. Підбором тиску нейтрального газу, напруженості магнітного поля й анодної напруги ВЧ-генератора було знайдено оптимальні умови пробою газу. Параметри плазми вимірювались трьома ленгмюрівськими зондами, оптичною спектроскопією та багатохордовою оптичною діагностикою.
На стеллараторе Ураган-2М были проведены моделирующие эксперименты по старту трёхполувитковой (ТПВ) антенны без предионизации. Подбором давления нейтрального газа, напряжённости магнитного поля и анодного напряжения ВЧ-генератора были найдены оптимальные условия пробоя газа. Параметры плазмы измерялись тремя ленгмюровскими зондами, оптической спектроскопией и многохордовой оптической диагностикой.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:26:13Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №1(119)
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2019, № 1. Series: Plasma Physics (25), p. 263-266. 263
THREEHALF-TURN ANTENNAS START-UP
V.E. Moiseenko, A.V. Lozin, M.M. Kozulia, V.B. Korovin, A.A. Beletskii, D.I. Baron,
L.I. Grigor’eva, V.V. Chechkin, Yu.K. Mironov, V.S. Romanov, A.N. Shapoval, M.M. Makhov,
V.G. Konovalov, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, N.B. Dreval, A.S. Slavnij, O.V. Turianska,
and Uragan-2M Team
National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”,
Institute of Plasma Physics, Kharkiv, Ukraine
The start-up experiments were carried out at Uragan-2M stellarator with the Three-Half-Turn antenna (THT)
without any pre-ionization. Conditions for optimal gas breakdown were found out through the variation of the
neutral gas pressure, magnetic field strength and anode voltage of RF generator. The plasma parameters were
measured with three Langmuir probes, optical spectroscopy and mutichord optical diagnostics.
PACS: 52.55.Hc; 52.50.Qt
INTRODUCTION
Plasma heating at the ion cyclotron range of
frequency (ICRF) is not the most promising technique
nowadays, and it is used for hot plasma studies. This
means that devices with ICRF equipment can create
plasma target for other heating methods. RF plasma
start-up experiments were carried out at Uragan-3M [1].
Current work is devoted to Three-Half-Turn (THT) [2]
antenna start-up experiments at Uragan-2M stellarator.
THT antenna has 3 straps oriented perpendicular to
the magnetic field lines. Each strap is aligned to the
form of the last closed magnetic surface and is placed at
2 cm distance from it. Straps are 8 cm wide and 90 cm
long. The THT antenna is fed through the central strap.
THT antennas routinely are used for plasma heating
[3, 4]. The research task was to study independent RF
plasma creation with THT antenna in Uragan-2M with
use of Uragan-3M [5, 6] experience.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Fig. 1. THT antenna was made from crankshaft one by
replacing central crankshaft strap with the straight one
Uragan-2M is a stellarator of the torsatron type (l=2,
m=4) which has the additional toroidal and
compensating vertical magnetic fields.
The crankshaft antenna was installed between
toroidal coils along the longer plasma column side until
2017 experimental campaign. Then it was modified into
THT antenna (Fig. 1) substituting the central crankshaft
strap with the straight one.
MEASUREMENTS
Fig. 2. Typical THT Antenna Discharge. Hα, OII and
CIII emission lines were measured with 4-channel
optical monochromator ne – with 2 mm interferometer.
Kaskad-1 RF-generator start is shown with vertical line.
UK1=7 kV, pH2=6.2·10
-6
Torr
The experiments on ICRF discharge initiation were
performed at variable RF power (P=50…100 kW, anode
voltage at generator, Uk1=5…7 kV), confining magnetic
field B0=0.4 T, kᵩ-0.32 to produce RF plasma in
hydrogen at a continuous gas puff with pressure range
pH2
≈7.5·10-6…1.5·10-4 Torr. The density ne increased
continuously from units 109 cm-3, passes
(2…3)·1012 cm-3 in the Te maximum and achieved a
“quasistationary” level of ~7·1011cm-3. Plasma was
monitored with Hɑ, OII and CIII optical emission lines
during constant parameters change (Fig. 2). The optimal
264 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №1(119)
regimes were measured in details with Langmuir probes
and multichord optical diagnostics.
Fig. 3. Chords (red – top, blue – side) overview for both
bolometers of Hα multichannel diagnostics
Fig. 4. 12 Hα channels as seen with multichold
diagnostics during startup. Magnetic field
B0=3700 Oe, kφ=0.337, pH2
=7.2·10-6 Torr, Kaskad-1
T=12;25 ms, P=50…100 kW
a t, ms
b t, ms
Fig. 5. Total light emission for top (a) (red chords) and
side (b) (blue chords) views
Two multichannel pinhole cameras were installed in
Uragan-2M for monitoring the distributions of visible
light emission from two positions in the same plasma
cross-section (Fig. 3). The plasma column Hα emission
profile (Fig. 4) clearly shows the plasma creation in the
camera centre. The luminous region splitting at the side
view of total light emission (Fig. 5) is interpreted as the
light reflection from vacuum chamber smooth metallic
wall.
Fig. 6. Startup evolution of total light emission from side
view (1), top view (2), charge exchanged atoms flux with
1350 eV energy (3), and CIII emission (4)
Neutral Particle Analyser (NPA) signals were
measured with the same hardware used at Uragan-3M
[7]. The peak of NPA signal coincided with the initial
ionisation peak of the optical chords signals (Fig. 6).
The signals of four different energies from NPA
diagnostics (Fig. 7) were read during the sequential
discharges with the same conditions. Uragan-2M device
parameters are highly persistent which manifests itself
in high reproducibility of discharges.
Fig. 7. NPA signals in the set of similar discharges.
CX flux with higher energy appears later
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №1(119) 265
GAS BREAKDOWN DELAY DEPENDENCES
Fig. 8. Gas breakdown delay dependence from voltage
(pH2=6.2·10-6 Torr, B0=0.37 T, kφ=0.337)
Fig. 9. Gas breakdown delay dependence from neutral
gas pressure (UK1=6 kV)
Fig. 10. Gas breakdown delay dependence from
magnetic field (UK1=6 kV, pH2
=6.2·10-6 Torr)
Fig. 11. Langmuir probes positions (fat dots) in cross-
section between toroidal coils. Closed magnetic
surfaces are shown for kφ=0.31, B/B0=1.85 %
The step by step change of discharge parameters
allowed to summarize results as the gas breakdown
dependencies of each parameter pass. Every pass
parameter was changed until the boundaries of the
discharge existence were found.
Dependencies are shown at Figs. 8-10. RF generator
anode voltage dependency (see Fig. 8) shows the slump
during RF-generator anode voltage change from 5 to
6 kV and stable values at higher voltages. The fnode
voltage was bounded above with 7 kV for the safety
reasons. The neutral gas pressure dependency
measurements (see Fig. 9) were limited with safe RF-
generator impulse duration and includes measured delay
times less than 10 ms. The magnetic filed dependency
(see Fig. 10) shows RF-discharge existence range. There
was no gas breakdown at <3200 and >3700 Oe
magnetic fields.
LANGMUIR PROBE MEASUREMENTS
Three probes measured plasma properties in the
same cross-section (Fig. 11). The upper and the bottom
probe were aligned along the vacuum camera surface
and the long probe was placed 15 cm far from the wall.
Each measurement (Fig. 12) shows electron temperature
and density measured with Langmuir probe during
Kaskad-1 discharge. The measurement time range was
limited with diagnostics sensitivity. Each signal time
evolution shows electron temperature and density of
already created plasma during the whole RF discharge.
It is the evidence of plasma heating and close to
working discharges density that was created even with
the single THT antenna.
Fig. 12. Values based on bottom, upper and long
Langmuir probe measurements. Consecutive Langmuir
probe measurements of electron temperature and
density at one cross-section
266 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №1(119)
CONCLUSIONS
The experimental conditions at Uragan-2M were
changed through the variation of magnetic field,
pressure and RF-generator parameters in order to find
the optimal regime of THT antenna start-up. The
optimum magnetic field was 0.37…0.38 T while
standard field was 0.4…0.42 T.
THT antennas was capable of creating dense plasma
at decreased compared to the regular regime magnetic
fields, but with long idle time what is dangerous for
antenna insulators because of high voltage at the
antenna elements.
The electron plasma density and temperature were
measured with Langmuir probe, the electron
temperature was observed in real time with the separate
spectral lines, the electron plasma density was measured
in real time with microwave interferometer and multi-
chord visible light diagnostics showed the shape and
position of the plasma column.
The existence of cyclotron zone that crosses the
closed magnetic surface creates conditions for Alfven
resonance at low plasma density where the relay race
occurs. The success of THT antenna startup experiments
showed fullfillment of these conditions in the range of
experimental parameters.
REFERENCES
1. V.E. Moiseenko et al. Radio-frequency plasma start-
up at Uragan-3M stellarator // Problems of Atomic
Science and Technology. Series “Plasma Physics” (23).
2017, № 1, p. 54-59.
2. V.E. Moiseenko. Alfvén Heating in Toroidal Plasmas
by Using Three-Half- turn Loop Antenna // IAEA
Technical Committee Meeting (Proc. 8th Int. Workshop
on Stellarators, Kharkiv, 1991).
3. A.I. Lysoivan, V.E. Moiseenko, V.V. Plyusnin, et al.
A Study of Three-Half-Turn and Frame Antennae for
ICRF Plasma Heating in the URAGAN-3M Torsatron //
5th Int. Toki Conference, Toki, Japan, 1993, Fusion
Engineering and Design, 1995, v. 26, p. 185.
4. V.E. Moiseenko et al. RF plasma production and
heating below ion-cyclotron frequencies in Uragan
torsatrons // Nucl. Fusion. 2011, v. 51, p. 083036.
5. L.I. Grigor’eva et al. Characteristics of the three-half-
turn-antenna-driven RF discharge in the Uragan-3M
torsatron // Plasma Physics Reports December. 2015,
v. 41, iss. 12, p. 1002-1015.
6. A.V. Lozin et al. Usage of Three-Halfturn Antenna at
the Uragan-3M Device // Problems of Atomic Science
and Technology, Series “Plasma Physics”. 2013,
№ 1(83), p. 27-29.
7. M. Dreval, A.S. Slavnyj. U-3M ion energy
distribution measurements during frame antenna plasma
production and heating in the ICRF range // Plasma
Phys. Control. Fusion. 2011, v. 53, p. 065014.
Article received 22.01.2019
СТАРТ ТРЁХПОЛУВИТКОВОЙ АНТЕННЫ
В.Е. Моисеенко, А.В. Лозин, М.М. Козуля, В.Б. Коровин, А.А. Белецкий, Д.И. Барон, Л.И. Григорьева,
В.В. Чечкин, Ю.К. Миронов, В.С. Романов, А.Н. Шаповал, М.Н. Махов, В.Г. Коновалов, Р.О. Павличенко,
Н.В. Заманов, Н.Б. Древаль, А.С. Славный, Е.В. Турянская и команда Урагана-2М
На стеллараторе Ураган-2М были проведены моделирующие эксперименты по старту трёхполувитковой
(ТПВ) антенны без предионизации. Подбором давления нейтрального газа, напряжённости магнитного поля
и анодного напряжения ВЧ-генератора были найдены оптимальные условия пробоя газа. Параметры плазмы
измерялись тремя ленгмюровскими зондами, оптической спектроскопией и многохордовой оптической
диагностикой.
СТАРТ ТРЬОХНАПІВВИТКОВОЇ АНТЕНИ
В.Є. Моісеєнко, А.В. Лозін, М.М. Козуля, В.Б. Коровін, О.О. Білецький, Д.І. Барон, Л.І. Григор’єва,
В.В. Чечкін, Ю.К. Міронов, В.С. Романов, А.М. Шаповал, М.М. Махов, В.Г. Коновалов, Р.О. Павліченко,
М.В. Заманов, М.Б. Древаль, А.С. Славний, О.В. Турянська та команда Урагана-2М
На стелараторі Ураган-2М було проведено модельні експерименти зі старту трьохнапіввиткової (ТНВ)
антени без предіонізації. Підбором тиску нейтрального газу, напруженості магнітного поля й анодної
напруги ВЧ-генератора було знайдено оптимальні умови пробою газу. Параметри плазми вимірювались
трьома ленгмюрівськими зондами, оптичною спектроскопією та багатохордовою оптичною діагностикою.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-194907 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:26:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Moiseenko, V.E. Lozin, A.V. Kozulia, M.M. Korovin, V.B. Beletskii, A.A. Baron, D.I. Grigor’eva, L.I. Chechkin, V.V. Mironov, Yu.K. Romanov, V.S. Shapoval, A.N. Makhov, M.M. Konovalov, V.G. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Dreval, N.B. Slavnij, A.S. Turianska, O.V. Uragan-2M Team 2023-12-01T13:58:46Z 2023-12-01T13:58:46Z 2019 Threehalf-turn antennas start-up / V.E. Moiseenko, A.V. Lozin, M.M. Kozulia, V.B. Korovin, A.A. Beletskii, D.I. Baron, L.I. Grigor’eva, V.V. Chechkin, Yu.K. Mironov, V.S. Romanov, A.N. Shapoval, M.M. Makhov, V.G. Konovalov, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, N.B. Dreval, A.S. Slavnij, O.V. Turianska, Uragan-2M Team // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 263-266. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.55.Hc; 52.50.Qt https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/194907 The start-up experiments were carried out at Uragan-2M stellarator with the Three-Half-Turn antenna (THT) without any pre-ionization. Conditions for optimal gas breakdown were found out through the variation of the neutral gas pressure, magnetic field strength and anode voltage of RF generator. The plasma parameters were measured with three Langmuir probes, optical spectroscopy and mutichord optical diagnostics. На стелараторі Ураган-2М було проведено модельні експерименти зі старту трьохнапіввиткової (ТНВ) антени без предіонізації. Підбором тиску нейтрального газу, напруженості магнітного поля й анодної напруги ВЧ-генератора було знайдено оптимальні умови пробою газу. Параметри плазми вимірювались трьома ленгмюрівськими зондами, оптичною спектроскопією та багатохордовою оптичною діагностикою. На стеллараторе Ураган-2М были проведены моделирующие эксперименты по старту трёхполувитковой (ТПВ) антенны без предионизации. Подбором давления нейтрального газа, напряжённости магнитного поля и анодного напряжения ВЧ-генератора были найдены оптимальные условия пробоя газа. Параметры плазмы измерялись тремя ленгмюровскими зондами, оптической спектроскопией и многохордовой оптической диагностикой. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Plasma diagnostics Threehalf-turn antennas start-up Старт трьохнапіввиткової антени Старт трёхполувитковой антенны Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up Moiseenko, V.E. Lozin, A.V. Kozulia, M.M. Korovin, V.B. Beletskii, A.A. Baron, D.I. Grigor’eva, L.I. Chechkin, V.V. Mironov, Yu.K. Romanov, V.S. Shapoval, A.N. Makhov, M.M. Konovalov, V.G. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Dreval, N.B. Slavnij, A.S. Turianska, O.V. Uragan-2M Team Plasma diagnostics |
| title | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| title_alt | Старт трьохнапіввиткової антени Старт трёхполувитковой антенны |
| title_full | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| title_fullStr | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| title_full_unstemmed | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| title_short | Threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| title_sort | threehalf-turn antennas start-up |
| topic | Plasma diagnostics |
| topic_facet | Plasma diagnostics |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/194907 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT moiseenkove threehalfturnantennasstartup AT lozinav threehalfturnantennasstartup AT kozuliamm threehalfturnantennasstartup AT korovinvb threehalfturnantennasstartup AT beletskiiaa threehalfturnantennasstartup AT barondi threehalfturnantennasstartup AT grigorevali threehalfturnantennasstartup AT chechkinvv threehalfturnantennasstartup AT mironovyuk threehalfturnantennasstartup AT romanovvs threehalfturnantennasstartup AT shapovalan threehalfturnantennasstartup AT makhovmm threehalfturnantennasstartup AT konovalovvg threehalfturnantennasstartup AT pavlichenkoro threehalfturnantennasstartup AT zamanovnv threehalfturnantennasstartup AT drevalnb threehalfturnantennasstartup AT slavnijas threehalfturnantennasstartup AT turianskaov threehalfturnantennasstartup AT uragan2mteam threehalfturnantennasstartup AT moiseenkove starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT lozinav starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT kozuliamm starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT korovinvb starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT beletskiiaa starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT barondi starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT grigorevali starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT chechkinvv starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT mironovyuk starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT romanovvs starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT shapovalan starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT makhovmm starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT konovalovvg starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT pavlichenkoro starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT zamanovnv starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT drevalnb starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT slavnijas starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT turianskaov starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT uragan2mteam starttrʹohnapívvitkovoíanteni AT moiseenkove starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT lozinav starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT kozuliamm starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT korovinvb starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT beletskiiaa starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT barondi starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT grigorevali starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT chechkinvv starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT mironovyuk starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT romanovvs starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT shapovalan starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT makhovmm starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT konovalovvg starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT pavlichenkoro starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT zamanovnv starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT drevalnb starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT slavnijas starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT turianskaov starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny AT uragan2mteam starttrehpoluvitkovoiantenny |