Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals
Parametric X-ray radiation produced during the interaction of charged particles with polycrystals is regarded. A review of the existing theories, perspectives of application and performed experiments is presented. The evolution of experimental capabilities as well as the progress in the process comp...
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| Cite this: | Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals / V.I. Alekseev, A.N. Eliseyev, E.F. Irribarra, I.A. Kishin, A.S. Kubankin, R.M. Nazhmudinov // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 4. — С. 187-190. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — англ. |
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Alekseev, V.I. Eliseyev, A.N. Irribarra, E.F. Kishin, I.A. Kubankin, A.S. Nazhmudinov, R.M. 2023-12-03T14:47:21Z 2023-12-03T14:47:21Z 2019 Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals / V.I. Alekseev, A.N. Eliseyev, E.F. Irribarra, I.A. Kishin, A.S. Kubankin, R.M. Nazhmudinov // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 4. — С. 187-190. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 537.8, 538.9, 535-1/-3, 535.4, 537.5 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195183 Parametric X-ray radiation produced during the interaction of charged particles with polycrystals is regarded. A review of the existing theories, perspectives of application and performed experiments is presented. The evolution of experimental capabilities as well as the progress in the process comprehension is illustrated. The state of the art of PXR in polycrystals is presented. Розглянуто параметричне рентгенівське випромінювання (ПРВ), що виникає при взаємодії заряджених частинок з полікристалічними мішенями. Представлено огляд сучасного стану дослідження ПРВ в полікристалах: існуючих теорій, перспектив застосування і проведених експериментів з урахуванням розвитку експериментальних можливостей. Рассмотрено параметрическое рентгеновское излучение (ПРИ), возникающее при взаимодействии заряженных частиц с поликристаллическими мишенями. Представлен обзор современного состояния исследования ПРИ в поликристаллах: существующих теорий, перспектив применения и проведенных экспериментов с учетом развития экспериментальных возможностей. The work was supported the scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and graduate students number SP-765.2019.2, by the grant of the President of Russia for young doctors of sciences MD-5748.2018.2 and by the project No. PIJ-16-03 of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Applications and technologies Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals Дослідження параметричного рентгенівського випромінювання в полікристалах Исследование параметрического рентгеновского излучения в поликристаллах Article published earlier |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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| title |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| spellingShingle |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals Alekseev, V.I. Eliseyev, A.N. Irribarra, E.F. Kishin, I.A. Kubankin, A.S. Nazhmudinov, R.M. Applications and technologies |
| title_short |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| title_full |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| title_fullStr |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| title_sort |
parametric x-ray radiation in polycrystals |
| author |
Alekseev, V.I. Eliseyev, A.N. Irribarra, E.F. Kishin, I.A. Kubankin, A.S. Nazhmudinov, R.M. |
| author_facet |
Alekseev, V.I. Eliseyev, A.N. Irribarra, E.F. Kishin, I.A. Kubankin, A.S. Nazhmudinov, R.M. |
| topic |
Applications and technologies |
| topic_facet |
Applications and technologies |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Article |
| title_alt |
Дослідження параметричного рентгенівського випромінювання в полікристалах Исследование параметрического рентгеновского излучения в поликристаллах |
| description |
Parametric X-ray radiation produced during the interaction of charged particles with polycrystals is regarded. A review of the existing theories, perspectives of application and performed experiments is presented. The evolution of experimental capabilities as well as the progress in the process comprehension is illustrated. The state of the art of PXR in polycrystals is presented.
Розглянуто параметричне рентгенівське випромінювання (ПРВ), що виникає при взаємодії заряджених частинок з полікристалічними мішенями. Представлено огляд сучасного стану дослідження ПРВ в полікристалах: існуючих теорій, перспектив застосування і проведених експериментів з урахуванням розвитку експериментальних можливостей.
Рассмотрено параметрическое рентгеновское излучение (ПРИ), возникающее при взаимодействии заряженных частиц с поликристаллическими мишенями. Представлен обзор современного состояния исследования ПРИ в поликристаллах: существующих теорий, перспектив применения и проведенных экспериментов с учетом развития экспериментальных возможностей.
|
| issn |
1562-6016 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195183 |
| citation_txt |
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals / V.I. Alekseev, A.N. Eliseyev, E.F. Irribarra, I.A. Kishin, A.S. Kubankin, R.M. Nazhmudinov // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 4. — С. 187-190. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — англ. |
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2025-11-26T03:57:14Z |
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2025-11-26T03:57:14Z |
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| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №4(122) 187
PARAMETRIC X-ray RADIATION IN POLYCRYSTALS
V.I. Alekseev1, A.N. Eliseyev1, E.F. Irribarra3, I.A. Kishin1,2, A.S. Kubankin1,2,
R.M. Nazhmudinov1,2
1P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, 308007, Moscow, Russia;
2Belgorod National Research University, 119991, Belgorod, Russia;
3Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Departamento de Física, Quito, Ecuador
Parametric X-ray radiation produced during the interaction of charged particles with polycrystals is regarded. A
review of the existing theories, perspectives of application and performed experiments is presented. The evolution of
experimental capabilities as well as the progress in the process comprehension is illustrated. The state of the art of
PXR in polycrystals is presented.
PACS: 537.8, 538.9, 535-1/-3, 535.4, 537.5
A large number of experimental and theoretical
works were devoted to the research of radiation pro-
cesses that take place when a charged particle moves in
condensed matter. The radiation is generated in a wide
spectral region during the charged particle interaction
with atoms and the total generated radiation consists of
the contributions from different radiation mechanisms,
which can occur simultaneously. In some mechanisms
the radiation is emitted by the charged particle because
it moves with acceleration (Bremsstrahlung, Channel-
ling Radiation), and in others the radiation is emitted by
the polarized medium even if the particle velocity is
constant (Transition Radiation, Cherenkov Radiation,
Parametric X-ray Radiation, Polarization Bremsstrah-
lung) [1 - 5].
The mechanism describing the radiation generated
during the interaction of charged particles with poly-
crystals was theoretically described in [6]. The Paramet-
ric X-ray radiation spectrum in polycrystals consists of a
set of peaks which position is determined by the obser-
vation angle. Additionally, it was established that the
intensity and the spectral width are also determined by
the observation angle achieving interesting properties in
the backward geometry [7].
Several attempts were performed to verify the theo-
retical predictions. Some properties were validated
separately, however a complete study was not achieved
until this year [8]. The main problem to verify experi-
mentally the theory was the presence of texture in the
targets. Metallic polycrystalline foils have a predomi-
nant orientation of the grains according the crystallo-
graphic structure and the manufacturing process [9].
For the theory validation it was a problem but on the
other hand, since PXR in polycrystals is sensitive to
texture, grain size, lattice constant, etc., it can be used to
measure these parameters. Possible applications of PXR
in polycrystals have been described for structure diag-
nostics due to the spectrum dependence on the medium
properties [10 - 14].
Parametric X-ray radiation in polycrystals (textured
polycrystals and powders) has been studied experimen-
tally since 1999 [15]. Several experiments were per-
formed subsequently, mainly in three experimental
facilities located in Russia and Japan. In Table are de-
scribed the main characteristics of the experiments. The
evolution of the experimental setup and the progress in
the comprehension of PXR from polycrystals can be
observed. It is interesting to observe that unlike PXR in
crystals [3], PXR in polycrystals was generated only by
electrons.
The general scheme of the experiments is presented
in Fig. 1. Charged particles interact with polycrystalline
targets, then the radiation is registered at the observation
angle θ for a specific value of the orientation angle ϕ.
The main characteristics of PXR in polycrystals were
studied manipulating the orientation angle and the ob-
servation angle.
Fig. 1. Experimental scheme: θ – observation angle;
ϕ – orientation angle;
n – normal to the target surface plane
In Fig. 2 is presented a spectrum of PXR in poly-
crystals. It was obtained after the interaction of a 7 MeV
electron beam with a tungsten polycrystalline foil when
θ = 180°. It can be observed that the intensity of the
PXR peaks changes when φ changes. Such behaviour
confirms that the target presents texture. Additionally,
theory affirms that in the analysed energy region, free
from background peaks (CXR or escape peaks), five
PXR peaks should manifest corresponding to crystallo-
graphic planes (110), (200), (211), (220), and (310).
However, in Fig. 2 only peaks from planes (200) and
(310) were reliably measured. This is the result of the
texture influence and it represented the main problem to
verify the theory. Unfortunately, it occurs with all kind
of metallic foils.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №4(122) 188
PXR experiments in polycrystals
Year Country,
Energy Target, planes θ Main findings Detector,
Energy resolution
2019
[8]
Russia, Lebedev
Physical insti-
tute, department
of high energy
physics,
7 MeV
W powder,
(110), (200), (211),
(220), (310)
150.0°
180.0°
Absolute comparison of experi-
ment with theory [6]. Agreement
in position, form and amplitude for
all peaks simultaneously
Silicon drift detector
145 eV at 5.9 keV
2018
[16]
W textured foil
(200)
90.8°
119.6°
151.0°
180.0°
Dynamic verification that the PXR
peaks intensity increases and the
spectral width decreases when θ
approaches 180.0°.
Textured polycrystals can be de-
scribed by the theory of PXR for
mosaic crystals
Silicon drift detector
145 eV at 5.9 keV
2018
[17]
Textured foils of
Ni
(220)
W
(200), (310)
180.0°
Disadvantages of PXR compared
to XRD to measure the rocking
curves
Silicon drift detector
145 eV at 5.9 keV
2016
[18]
W textured foil
(200) 180.0°
Discrimination of the contribution
from diffraction mechanisms of
real and virtual photons to the total
radiation yield.
Energy dependence of the PXR
peak on φ was observed
Silicon drift detector
137 eV at 3.9 keV
2015
[19]
Al
(111), (200), (220)
Ni
(111), (200),(220)
Cu
(111), (200), (220)
(311)
W
(200)
75.0°
90.0°
83.0°
180.0°
Shift of the PXR peak position
when θ changes.
Agreement with theory for indi-
vidual peaks.
Observation of several PXR peaks
not simultaneously.
PXR is generated in grains which
mean size is 300 nm
Uncooled Si(Li)
200 eV at 5.9 keV
and
Silicon drift detector
160 eV at 4.9 keV
2014
[20]
Ni
(111), (200), (220) 180.0°
PXR peaks are produced in grains
which average size is 50 nm.
PXR spectrum changes when ϕ
changes because of texture
Silicon drift detector
130 eV
2013
[21]
Ni
(111), (200), (220) 180.0° PXR peaks are produced in grains
which average size is 300 nm
Silicon drift detector
130 eV
2012
[22]
Cu
(111), (220), (311) 180.0° PXR peaks are measured in the
backward geometry.
PIN Si
159 eV at 5.9 keV
2008
[23]
Al
(111)
75.0°
90.0°
Shift of the PXR peak position
when θ changes
Uncooled Si(Li) PIN
200 eV at 5.9 keV
2006
[24, 25]
Japan, REFER
electron ring at
Hiroshima
University,
150 MeV
Mo, textured
polycrystalline
foil
(110, (220), (112)
11.2°
25.8°
PXR peaks from textured poly-
crystalline foil registered.
Orientation dependence measured
using XRD and PXR.
Energy independence of the PXR
peak on φ was reported
Cooled Si(Li)
380 eV at 17.5 keV
2001
[26] 25.8°
‘‘unidentified peaks’’ were observed
during the experiment from
an “amorphous” molybdenum foil
Cooled Si(Li)
450 eV at 7.23 keV
2004
[27]
Hiroshima
University, X-ray
diffractometer
RIGAKU
RINT2000,
8 keV
Mo, textured poly-
crystalline foil
(110), (220), (112),
(200)
50°…170°
The origin of the unidentified
X-ray spectral peaks observed
at the REFER was established
as manifestation of the PXR
from textured polycrystal
X-ray film, scintilla-
tion X-ray detector
1999
[15]
Russia, Moscow
State University
Linac, 2.4 Mev
Al foil,
(111) and (220) 90.0° PXR peaks observed.
Cooled Si(Li)
Energy resolution not
reported, estimation
500 eV at 6 keV
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2019. №4(122) 189
Fig. 2. PXR from a tungsten textured polycrystalline foil
measured for two orientation angles ϕ = 2°
and ϕ = -10°
To solve this inconvenient, experiments with pow-
ders were performed [8]. Unlike metallic foils, powders
are constituted of randomly oriented grains. In this case,
the manifestation of all PXR peaks was reliably fixed as
shown in Fig. 3. The measurements were performed for
two observation angles to highlight that the PXR peaks
positions depends on θ.
Fig. 3 PXR from tungsten powder measured
for observation angles of θ = 150° and θ = 180°
The main differences of PXR from crystals and pol-
ycrystals can be observed in the spectra, the orientation
dependences and the intensity.
For example, the PXR spectrum from crystals pre-
sents only one peak and its harmonics while the spec-
trum from polycrystals presents a set of peaks from
different crystallographic planes. The case of texture
polycrystals can be regarded as a transition, then the
spectrum can present one or more peaks depending on
the texture degree. The dependence of PXR yield on the
orientation angle differs substantially also. The rocking
curve for crystals presents two peaks symmetrically
distributed around the specular condition at ϕ = γ -1, for
textured polycrystal metallic foils it was observed only
one peak at the specular condition and finally it is a
constant for polycrystals. The PXR energy peak de-
pendence on the orientation angle can be listed as the
last example of the differences. It changes for crystals
and textured polycrystals but remain a constant for pol-
ycrystals.
It is important to mention that despite the perspec-
tives to apply PXR in polycrystals some disadvantages
have been already reported. For example, it was pro-
posed [25] that polycrystals can be used instead of crys-
tals to generate quasimonochromatic X-ray beams be-
cause of a higher resistance to mechanical damage pro-
duced by the charged particle beam. However, it was
shown that the destruction of Si crystals is related to the
heating during one micropulse, if the micro pulse dura-
tion is smaller than 5 μs, currents of 300 mA can be
achieved [28]. Similarly, it was shown that the rocking
curves obtained by PXR are wider than those obtained
by commonly used diffraction methods because of the
influence of the initial angular divergence of the
charged particle Coulomb field [17].
Even though some limitations have been reported
additional studies should be performed to explore the
possibilities for applications and to clarify fundamental
questions such as the radiation formation length, the
differences in the diffraction mechanisms of virtual and
real photons and others.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The work was supported the scholarship of the Pres-
ident of the Russian Federation for young scientists and
graduate students number SP-765.2019.2, by the grant
of the President of Russia for young doctors of sciences
MD-5748.2018.2 and by the project No. PIJ-16-03 of
the Escuela Politécnica Nacional.
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Article received 10.06.2019
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКОГО РЕНТГЕНОВСКОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ
В ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛАХ
В.И. Алексеев, А.Н. Елисеев, Е.Ф. Иррибарра, И.А. Кищин, А.С. Кубанкин, Р.М. Нажмудинов
Рассмотрено параметрическое рентгеновское излучение (ПРИ), возникающее при взаимодействии заря-
женных частиц с поликристаллическими мишенями. Представлен обзор современного состояния исследова-
ния ПРИ в поликристаллах: существующих теорий, перспектив применения и проведенных экспериментов с
учетом развития экспериментальных возможностей.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАРАМЕТРИЧНОГО РЕНТГЕНІВСЬКОГО ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ
В ПОЛІКРИСТАЛАХ
В.І. Алексєєв, А.Н. Єлисєєв, Е.Ф. Іррібарра, І.А. Кищин, А.С. Кубанкін, Р.М. Нажмудинов
Розглянуто параметричне рентгенівське випромінювання (ПРВ), що виникає при взаємодії заряджених
частинок з полікристалічними мішенями. Представлено огляд сучасного стану дослідження ПРВ в полікрис-
талах: існуючих теорій, перспектив застосування і проведених експериментів з урахуванням розвитку екс-
периментальних можливостей.
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