Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation

The average destruction rates (Vs) were measured under the action of cavitation on a pre-production model from the alloy of Co-Cr-W on chemical composition near to the stellite No.6, its initial components and the coating obtained from a powder of the same composition using plasma generated by a pla...

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Опубліковано в: :Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Дата:2019
Автори: Kovalenko, V.I., Klimenko, A.A., Martynenko, L.I., Marinin, V.G.
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Мова:Англійська
Опубліковано: Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України 2019
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Цитувати:Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation / V.I. Kovalenko, A.A. Klimenko, L.I. Martynenko, V.G. Marinin // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 5. — С. 175-178. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Kovalenko, V.I.
Klimenko, A.A.
Martynenko, L.I.
Marinin, V.G.
author_facet Kovalenko, V.I.
Klimenko, A.A.
Martynenko, L.I.
Marinin, V.G.
citation_txt Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation / V.I. Kovalenko, A.A. Klimenko, L.I. Martynenko, V.G. Marinin // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 5. — С. 175-178. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Вопросы атомной науки и техники
description The average destruction rates (Vs) were measured under the action of cavitation on a pre-production model from the alloy of Co-Cr-W on chemical composition near to the stellite No.6, its initial components and the coating obtained from a powder of the same composition using plasma generated by a plasma torch. It is established that the average destruction rate (Vs) of chromium, cobalt, tungsten is equal to 3.5; 0.72; 0.56 µm/h, respectively, and Co-Cr-W – 0.5 µm/h. After heat treatment of the Co-Cr-W alloy at a temperature of 1300 K for 3.6 ks, the value of Vs decreases to 0.28 µm/h. The plasma coating is destroyed at a speed of 1.3 µm/h, and steel 15Kh11MF – 2.4 µm/h. Under the action of cavitation in a corrosive environment, a 3% aqueous solution of sodium chloride Vs steel 15Kh11MF and Co-Cr-W alloy increases by 2 times. Виміряно середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) при дії кавітації на дослідний зразок із сплаву Co-Cr-W за хімічним складом близького до стеліту №6, компонентів, із яких сплав виготовляється, і покриття, одержаного з порошку такого ж хімічного складу, з використанням плазми, що генерується плазмотроном. Установлено, що середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) хрому, кобальту, вольфраму дорівнюють 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/год, відповідно, а сплаву Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/год. Після термообробки сплаву Co-Cr-W при температурі 1300 К протягом 3,6 кс величина Vs зменшується до 0,28 мкм/год. Плазмотронне покриття руйнується зі швидкістю 0,13 мкм/год, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/год. При дії кавітації в корозійному середовищі 3%-го водяного розчину хлориду натрію Vs сталі 15Х11МФ і сплаву Co-Cr-W зростають майже в 2 рази. Измерены средние скорости разрушения (Vs) при действии кавитации на опытный образец из сплава Co-Cr-W, по химическому составу близкого к стеллиту №6, компонентов, из которых сплав изготавливается, и покрытия, полученного из порошка такого же химического состава, с использованием плазмы, которая генерируется плазмотроном. Установлено, что средние скорости разрушения (Vs) хрома, кобальта, вольфра- ма равняются 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/ч соответственно, а сплава Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/ч. После термообработки сплава Co-Cr-W при температуре 1300 К на протяжении 3,6 кс величина Vs уменьшается до 0,28 мкм/ч. Плазмотронное покрытие разрушается со скоростью 1,3 мкм/ч, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/ч. При действии кавитации в коррозионной среде 3%-го водного раствора хлорида натрия Vs стали 15Х11МФ и сплава Co-Cr-W возрастают почти в 2 раза.
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fulltext ISSN 1562-6016. PASТ. 2019. №5(123), p. 175-178. УДК 669.017.13:620.193.16:532.528 EROSION OF Co-Cr-W ALLOY AND COATINGS ON ITS BASIS UNDER CAVITATION IN AND V.I. Kovalenko, A.A. Klimenko, L.I. Martynenko, V.G. Marinin Institute of Solid State Physics, Materials Science and Technology NSC KIPT, Kharkiv, Ukraine, E-mail: marinin@kipt.kharkov.ua The average fracture rates (Vs) were measured under the action of cavitation of a prototype of a Co-Cr-W alloy with a chemical composition close to stellite No.6, the components from which the alloy is made, and coatings ob- tained from a powder of the same chemical composition using plasma, which is generated by the plasma torch. It was found that the average rate of destruction (Vs) of chromium, cobalt, tungsten is equal to 3.5; 0.72; 0.56 μm/h, respectively, and Co-Cr-W alloy – 0.5 μm/h. After heat treatment of the Co-Cr-W alloy at a temperature of 1300 K for 3.6 ks, the Vs value decreases to 0.28 μm/h. The plasmatron coating is destroyed at a speed of 0.13 μm/h, and steel 15X11MF – 2.4 μm/h. Under the action of cavitation in a corrosive medium of a 3% aqueous solution of sodi- um chloride Vs, steel 15Kh11MF and Co-Cr-W alloy increase almost 2 times. INTRODUCTION Increasing the life of equipment that operates in conditions close to extreme, often associated with the use of existing or developed resistant materials or coat- ings based on them. Among such materials, a special place is occupied by cobalt-based alloys known as stel- lites. They have high wear resistance at normal and ele- vated temperatures, thermal resistance, high heat re- sistance and significant corrosion resistance in many aggressive environments. The most used for practical use, in particular to increase the life of dies, valves and gate valves when regulating the flow of superheated steam, valve seats of engines of heavy trucks are alloys under the grades No. 6, No. 12; F; what have the name stellites. The chemical composition, structure, and a number of physicomechanical characteristics of these alloys are presented in robots [1–4]. In [5–9], the effect of cavitation and water flows on samples from various alloys of the Co-Cr-W, Ni-Cr- W(Mo) type deposited using laser and arc methods was studied. To create a cavitation zone, a method similar to that described in ASTMG 32-10 [10] was used. As the base on which the alloys are deposited, steels of the SUS 303, 304, BS817M40, X9C2 type (GOST 5632) were used. Specific in a number of works was the use of the action of the cavitation zone on a sample through which surface ultrasonic waves (20 kHz) passed. Given the peculiarity of the task of increasing the durability of the material in the conditions of its opera- tion, there is a need to conduct appropriate studies on the use of the Co-Cr-W alloy in each case. In order to be able to use the alloy to protect the sur- face of medium alloyed steels, in particular, 15Kh11MF steel, which is widely used in turbine construction, we studied the resistance of steel, alloy components and the manufactured Co-Cr-W alloy and plasmatron coating of the same composition. Under the action of cavitation and high-speed vapor-droplet condensate. MATERIALS AND METHODS RESEARCH To produce the Co-Cr-W alloy, cobalt K2 grade (GOST 123-2008), chromium obtained using the tech- nology presented in [11], and tungsten using hot press- ing technology [12] were used. Alloy samples were ob- tained using the technology of the precision casting method [1]. The coating was obtained using plasma, which is generated in a plasmatron [13] using powder of the EN1274: 2004-72 brand. To obtain data on the destruction of samples under the action of cavitation on their surface, their prelimi- nary preparation was performed. Samples 10×16×5 mm in size were cut out on an electric spark from a suitable casting. After mechanical polishing, electro polishing of, for example, chromium in phosphoric acid was car- ried out for 0.15 ks at a voltage of 20 V and current den- sity of 2 A/cm 2 . The surface roughness of the samples was 0.025 μm. A study of the effect of cavitation on the surface of the samples was carried out at the MSV stand, the de- scription of which is presented in [14]. The cavitation zone was created in water using an ultrasonic concentra- tor of an exponential profile, which is mechanically connected to a magnetostrictive transducer, which is electrically connected to an ultrasonic oscillation gener- ator. Under the end of the concentrator, the amplitude of surface oscillations of which was 302 μm, and a fre- quency of 20 kHz, a cavitation zone was formed in which the test sample was placed at a distance of 0.5 mm from the concentrator surface. The destruction of the samples was recorded by weight loss. The accu- racy of measuring weight loss is  0.015 mg. According to measurements of the dependence of losses on the time of the action of cavitation, the rate of destruction of the samples was determined. A study of vapor-droplet erosion was carried out at a special bench [14], in which steam-water condensate was supplied through a nozzle with an outlet diameter of 1.3 mm at a pressure of 1.5 MPa. The velocity of the droplets that collide with the surface of the sample was 440 m/s. Failure was also determined by measuring the weight loss of the samples over a specific action time of the condensate. The study of electrochemical corrosion was carried out using a potentiostat PI-50-1. Polarization curves were obtained at a rate of change of potential of 1 mV/s. Changed the potential three times in the forward and reverse direction. For comparison, a chlorine-silver electrode was used. The measurement results are con- verted to a normal hydrogen electrode. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The values of destruction under the action of cavita- tion of samples from materials that are part of the Co- Cr-W alloy are shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Kinetic curves of fracture of samples under the action of cavitation: 1 – steel 20X13; 2 – Cr, undo-ped; 3 – steel 15X11MF; 4 – Co; 5 – W, polycrystal Using the kinetic curves of Fig. 1, the average frac- ture rates (Vs) were calculated for the time interval of cavitation action equal to 36 ks (10 h). Correspondingly, for steel 20X13 the speed is about 4.87 μm/h, for Cr – 2.83 μm/h, steel 15X11MF – 2.4 μm/h, Co – 0.78 μm/h, W – 0.56 μm/h It can be seen that the 20Kh13, 15Kh11MF steels used in turbine construction have a value of destruction rates that are comparable to the destruction of chromium, which is a significant part of them. The specific nature of the destruction of undoped and doped chromium is illustrated by micrographs of the destruction zones shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2. Micrographs of the zone of destruction of chro- mium (1-3) and the surface of the tungsten polycrystal after the action of cavitation for 10 ks: 1 – Cr unalloyed; 2 – Cr doped with La, Ta, V; 3 – Cr doped with La, Fe; 4 – W. Magnification 400 Microphotographs (see Fig. 2, f. 1-3) show that the alloying of chromium does not significantly change the nature of its destruction. The fracture process is associ- ated with the simultaneous propagation of cracks along grain boundaries and in the body of grains between structural defects. At the same time, tungsten is de- stroyed at the location of inclusions (see Fig. 2, f. 4). The results of investigations of the destruction of a Co-Cr-W type alloy under the action of cavitation on the samples without their preliminary heat treatment and after it and upon the action of vapor – drop condensate on the samples are shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3. Dependence of the average fracture depth (l, mm) of Co-Cr-W (1, 2, 4), W (3, 5) samples, coatings (6). Under the action of cavitation without heat treat- ment (1, 6), after heat treatment (2, 3), after the action of a vapor-droplet flow (4, 5). A decrease in (4) by 2.5 times, (5) by 10 times An analysis of the results presented in Fig. 3 shows that after exposure of the Co-Cr-W alloy samples at a temperature of 1300 K for one hour, the nature of the destruction of the samples under the action of cavitation does not change (cur. 1, 2). In this case, the fracture rates Vп of the samples on the quasilinear parts of kinet- ic curves 1 and 2 are close and equal to 2.5∙10 -1 μm/h, and Vs are different and, accordingly, equal to 5∙10 -1 and 2.8∙10 -1 μm/h The difference between Vs and Vп indi- cates the influence on the value of Vs of the higher sur- face layers, which are destroyed first at the beginning of cavitation. After heat treatment of the samples, the re- sistance of the surface layers increases, and for the same sample the difference between the values of Vs and Vп does not exceed 15%. Coatings under the action of cavitation are destroyed much faster. The average rate of destruction is 1.36 μm/h, which is 2.7 times higher compared to the Co-Cr-W sample without heat treatment and this is due to the defective structure, in particular, column size and precipitates along the boundaries between them (Fig. 4). Under the action of a vapor-droplet flow for 43.2 ks (12 hours) on Co-Cr-W alloy samples that are fixed to the steel surface by soldering, their average fracture rate reaches 5.2 μm/h. This is due to a significant increase in the load on the surface compared with the effect of cavi- tation. However, with different types of load, the kinetic fracture curves are similar. The heat treatment of tung- sten under the same conditions (soldering of the plates) causes an increase in Vs to a value of 27.6 μm/h, which is much more compared to the effect of cavitation. Fig. 4. Micrograph of the coating structure. Magnification 400 Under the action of cavitation on thermally untreated samples in a 3% aqueous NaCl solution, the Vs value for steel 15Kh11MF and Co-Cr-W alloy increases by 2 times. The results of measuring electrochemical corro- sion in a 3% aqueous NaCl solution show that the alloy corrodes starting from a potential of –0.17 V and has a very narrow ( 0.1 V) zone of the passive state. The corrosion resistance of the alloy is close to the corrosion resistance of 15Kh11MF steel. In the study of the coating, it was found that the po- tential for the onset of corrosion is –0.1 V, and the in- terval of the passive state reaches +0.3 V, which is much larger compared to a bulk sample. FINDINGS 1. For the time interval of the action of cavitation, which corresponds to the quasilinear fragment of the kinetic curve for the alloy, the erosion rates of its heat- treated and untreated samples equalize and amount to  2.5 10 -1 μm/h. 2. Under the action of cavitation on the plasmatron coating, which is similar in composition to the Co-Cr-W alloy, its average fracture rate is 2 times lower than that of 15Kh11MF steel, and coating can be used to protect the steel surface. 3. Under the action of cavitation in a medium of a 3% aqueous NaCl solution on unprocessed bulk Co-Cr- W samples, the average rate of their destruction increa- ses by 2 times. REFERENCES 1. Е. Гудремон, Специальные стали. М: «Машгиз», 1960, ч. 2, 1638 с. 2. В.С. Раковский, Г.В. Самсонов, И.И. Ольхов. Основы производства твердых сплавов. М: «Метал- лургиздат», 1960, 232 с. 3. В.А. Малышевский, К.К. Муравьев. Структура и свойства кобальтовых стеллитов // Свойства ма- териалов в турбостроении и методы испытаний / Под ред. А.И. Чижика. М.-Л.: «Машгиз», 1962, с. 100-107. 4. J.B.C Wu, J. E. RedmanHardfacing with cobalt and nickel alloys // Welding J. 1994, N 2, р. 63-68. 5. Min-woo Lee, Yoon-kab Kim, Young-min Oh, Yangdo Kim, Sung-hoon Lee, Hyun-seon Hong, Seon- jin Kim. Study on the cavitation erosion behavior of hardfacing alloys for nuclear power industry // Wear. 2003, v. 255, р. 157-161. 6. H.G. Feller, Y. Kharrazi. Cavitation Erosion Of Metals And Alloys // Wear. 1984, v. 93, р. 249-260. 7. C.J. Heathcock, A. Ball, B.E. Protheroe. Cavitation Erosion of Cobalt-Based Stellite @ Alloys, Cemented Carbides and Surface-Treated Low Alloy Steels // Wear. 1981–1982, v. 74, р. 11-26. 8. M. E, H.X. Hu, X.M. Guo, Y.G. Zheng. Comparison of the cavitation erosion and slurry erosion behavior of cobalt-based and nickel-based coatings // Wear. 2019, v. 428-429, р. 246-257. 9. S. Hattori, N. Mikami. Cavitation erosion resistance of stellite alloy weld overlays // Wear. 2009, v. 267, р. 1954-1960. 10. ASTMG32-10, Standard Test Method for Cavi- tation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus, ASTM Int., 2010. 11. В.Г. Горбач, А.Н. Ракицкий, А.П. Рудой, В.И. Трефилов. Влияние р.з.м. на механические свойства хрома // Проблемы прочности. 1972, №2, с. 78-82. 12. А.Н. Зеликман, Л.С. Никитина. Вольфрам. М.: «Металлургия», 1978. 13. П.В. Гладкий, Е.Ф. Переплетчиков, И.А. Ряб- цев. Плазменная наплавка. К.: «Экотехнология», 2007, 296 с. 14. В.І. Коваленко, В.Г. Маринін. Обладнання для дослідження ерозії покриттів при мікро ударно- му діянні // Вопрос атомной науки и техники. Серия ФРП и РМ. 1998, №5(71), с. 83-85. Article received 01.08.2019 ЭРОЗИЯ Co-Cr-W-СПЛАВА И ПОКРЫТИЯ НА ЕГО ОСНОВЕ ПОД ДЕЙСТВИЕМ КАВИТАЦИИ В.И. Коваленко, А.А. Клименко, Л.И. Мартыненко, В.Г. Маринин Измерены средние скорости разрушения (Vs) при действии кавитации на опытный образец из сплава Co-Cr-W, по химическому составу близкого к стеллиту №6, компонентов, из которых сплав изготавливается, и покрытия, полученного из порошка такого же химического состава, с использованием плазмы, которая генерируется плазмотроном. Установлено, что средние скорости разрушения (Vs) хрома, кобальта, вольфра- ма равняются 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/ч соответственно, а сплава Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/ч. После термообработки сплава Co-Cr-W при температуре 1300 К на протяжении 3,6 кс величина Vs уменьшается до 0,28 мкм/ч. Плазмотронное покрытие разрушается со скоростью 1,3 мкм/ч, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/ч. При действии кавитации в коррозионной среде 3%-го водного раствора хлорида натрия Vs стали 15Х11МФ и сплава Co-Cr- W возрастают почти в 2 раза. ЕРОЗІЯ Co-Cr-W-СПЛАВУ ТА ПОКРИТТЯ НА ЙОГО ОСНОВІ ПРИ ДІЇ КАВІТАЦІЇ В.І. Коваленко, О.А. Клименко, Л.І. Мартиненко, В.Г. Маринін Виміряно середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) при дії кавітації на дослідний зразок із сплаву Co-Cr-W за хімічним складом близького до стеліту №6, компонентів, із яких сплав виготовляється, і покриття, одержа- ного з порошку такого ж хімічного складу, з використанням плазми, що генерується плазмотроном. Устано- влено, що середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) хрому, кобальту, вольфраму дорівнюють 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/год, відповідно, а сплаву Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/год. Після термообробки сплаву Co-Cr-W при темпе- ратурі 1300 К протягом 3,6 кс величина Vs зменшується до 0,28 мкм/год. Плазмотронне покриття руйнується зі швидкістю 0,13 мкм/год, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/год. При дії кавітації в корозійному середовищі 3%- го водяного розчину хлориду натрію Vs сталі 15Х11МФ і сплаву Co-Cr-W зростають майже в 2 рази.
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institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
issn 1562-6016
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-24T03:06:33Z
publishDate 2019
publisher Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
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spelling Kovalenko, V.I.
Klimenko, A.A.
Martynenko, L.I.
Marinin, V.G.
2023-12-03T15:38:02Z
2023-12-03T15:38:02Z
2019
Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation / V.I. Kovalenko, A.A. Klimenko, L.I. Martynenko, V.G. Marinin // Problems of atomic science and technology. — 2019. — № 5. — С. 175-178. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ.
1562-6016
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195229
669.017.13:620.193.16:532.528
The average destruction rates (Vs) were measured under the action of cavitation on a pre-production model from the alloy of Co-Cr-W on chemical composition near to the stellite No.6, its initial components and the coating obtained from a powder of the same composition using plasma generated by a plasma torch. It is established that the average destruction rate (Vs) of chromium, cobalt, tungsten is equal to 3.5; 0.72; 0.56 µm/h, respectively, and Co-Cr-W – 0.5 µm/h. After heat treatment of the Co-Cr-W alloy at a temperature of 1300 K for 3.6 ks, the value of Vs decreases to 0.28 µm/h. The plasma coating is destroyed at a speed of 1.3 µm/h, and steel 15Kh11MF – 2.4 µm/h. Under the action of cavitation in a corrosive environment, a 3% aqueous solution of sodium chloride Vs steel 15Kh11MF and Co-Cr-W alloy increases by 2 times.
Виміряно середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) при дії кавітації на дослідний зразок із сплаву Co-Cr-W за хімічним складом близького до стеліту №6, компонентів, із яких сплав виготовляється, і покриття, одержаного з порошку такого ж хімічного складу, з використанням плазми, що генерується плазмотроном. Установлено, що середні швидкості руйнування (Vs) хрому, кобальту, вольфраму дорівнюють 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/год, відповідно, а сплаву Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/год. Після термообробки сплаву Co-Cr-W при температурі 1300 К протягом 3,6 кс величина Vs зменшується до 0,28 мкм/год. Плазмотронне покриття руйнується зі швидкістю 0,13 мкм/год, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/год. При дії кавітації в корозійному середовищі 3%-го водяного розчину хлориду натрію Vs сталі 15Х11МФ і сплаву Co-Cr-W зростають майже в 2 рази.
Измерены средние скорости разрушения (Vs) при действии кавитации на опытный образец из сплава Co-Cr-W, по химическому составу близкого к стеллиту №6, компонентов, из которых сплав изготавливается, и покрытия, полученного из порошка такого же химического состава, с использованием плазмы, которая генерируется плазмотроном. Установлено, что средние скорости разрушения (Vs) хрома, кобальта, вольфра- ма равняются 3,5; 0,72; 0,56 мкм/ч соответственно, а сплава Co-Cr-W – 0,5 мкм/ч. После термообработки сплава Co-Cr-W при температуре 1300 К на протяжении 3,6 кс величина Vs уменьшается до 0,28 мкм/ч. Плазмотронное покрытие разрушается со скоростью 1,3 мкм/ч, а сталь 15Х11МФ – 2,4 мкм/ч. При действии кавитации в коррозионной среде 3%-го водного раствора хлорида натрия Vs стали 15Х11МФ и сплава Co-Cr-W возрастают почти в 2 раза.
en
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Physics of radiotechnology and ion-plasma technologies
Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
Ерозія Co-Cr-W-сплаву та покриття на його основі при дії кавітації
Эрозия Co-Cr-W-сплава и покрытия на его основе под действием кавитации
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
Kovalenko, V.I.
Klimenko, A.A.
Martynenko, L.I.
Marinin, V.G.
Physics of radiotechnology and ion-plasma technologies
title Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
title_alt Ерозія Co-Cr-W-сплаву та покриття на його основі при дії кавітації
Эрозия Co-Cr-W-сплава и покрытия на его основе под действием кавитации
title_full Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
title_fullStr Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
title_full_unstemmed Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
title_short Erosion of Co-Cr-W alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
title_sort erosion of co-cr-w alloy and coating on its basis under the action of cavitation
topic Physics of radiotechnology and ion-plasma technologies
topic_facet Physics of radiotechnology and ion-plasma technologies
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195229
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