Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment
The New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl NPP, which isolates the destroyed reactor and the “Shelter Object” from the environment, is not airtight, so the problem is the lack of information on the flow of norganized air with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC. This work presents computationa...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Дата: | 2021 |
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| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2021
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment / P.G. Krukovskyi, Ye.V. Diadiushko, D.J. Skliarenko, I.S. Starovit // Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. — 2021. — № 6. — С. 181-186. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859472106170875904 |
|---|---|
| author | Krukovskyi, P. Diadiushko, Ye. Skliarenko, D. Starovit, I. |
| author_facet | Krukovskyi, P. Diadiushko, Ye. Skliarenko, D. Starovit, I. |
| citation_txt | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment / P.G. Krukovskyi, Ye.V. Diadiushko, D.J. Skliarenko, I.S. Starovit // Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. — 2021. — № 6. — С. 181-186. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl NPP, which isolates the destroyed reactor and the “Shelter Object” from the environment, is not airtight, so the problem is the lack of information on the flow of norganized air with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC. This work presents computational model of the hydraulic state of the NSC, which allows to determine these flow rates through the leaks in the shells and building structures under the walls of the NSC. In addition to the developed model, the NSC hydraulic state model, created by neural network technology, was tested, which showed similar results and much higher computational performance, which allows its use for analysis and prediction of NSC's hydraulic state in real time.
Новий безпечний конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЕС, який ізолює зруйнований реактор і об'єкт “Укриття” від оточуючого середовища не є герметичним, тому проблемою є відсутність інформації про витрати неорганізованого повітря з радіоактивними аерозолями за межі НБК. Розглянута розрахункова модель гідравлічного стану НБК, яка дозволяє визначити ці витрати через місця негерметичності в оболонках і будівельних конструкціях під стінами НБК. Додатково до розробленої моделі була проведена апробація моделі гідравлічного стану НБК, створеної за технологією нейронних мереж, яка показала близькі результати і набагато більшу розрахункову продуктивність, що дає можливість її використання для аналізу і прогнозування гідравлічного стану НБК у режимі реального часу.
Новый безопасный конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЭС, который изолирует разрушенный реактор и объект «Укрытие» от окружающей среды не является герметичным, поэтому проблемой является отсутствие информации о расходах неорганизованного воздуха с радиоактивными аэрозолями за пределы НБК. Рассмотрена расчетная модель гидравлического состояния НБК, которая позволяет определить эти расходы через места негерметичности в оболочках и строительных конструкциях под стенами НБК. Дополнительно к разработанной модели была проведена апробация модели гидравлического состояния НБК, созданная по технологии нейронных сетей, которая показала близкие результаты и гораздо большую расчетную производительность, что дает возможность ее использования для анализа и прогнозирования гидравлического состояния НБК в режиме реального времени.
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| first_indexed | 2025-11-24T10:38:37Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2021. № 6(136) 181
https://doi.org/10.46813/2021-136-181
UNORGANIZED AIR RELEASES WITH RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS
FROM THE NEW SAFE CONFINIMENT
OF CHNPP INTO THE ENVIRONMENT
P.G. Krukovskyi, Ye.V. Diadiushko, D.J. Skliarenko, I.S. Starovit
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
E-mail: kruk_2@ukr.net
The New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl NPP, which isolates the destroyed reactor and the “Shelter
Object” from the environment, is not airtight, so the problem is the lack of information on the flow of unorganized
air with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC. This work presents computational model of the hydraulic state of the
NSC, which allows to determine these flow rates through the leaks in the shells and building structures under the
walls of the NSC. In addition to the developed model, the NSC hydraulic state model, created by neural network
technology, was tested, which showed similar results and much higher computational performance, which allows its
use for analysis and prediction of NSC`s hydraulic state in real time.
PACS: 28.41.-i:89.60.-k
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of the creation and commissioning of
the New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl
NPP (Fig. 1) is to protect the environment during the
removal of radioactive materials from the destroyed
Unit 4 and dismantling of unstable structures of the de-
stroyed “Shelter” Object.
Fig. 1. Scheme of the NSC in cross section: 1 turbine hall; 2 destroyed reactor;
3 central hall; 4 main volume; 5 – NSC`s annular space
Since the complete tightness of such a huge structure
(WHL = 250110165 m) is impossible to achieve,
there are numerous air leaks from the NSC into the en-
vironment in the shells of the NSC and between the
Western and Eastern walls and building structures, as
shown in Fig. 2.
During the design of the NSC, the theoretical values
of the leakage areas at the beginning and at the end of
the 100-year service life of the facility were estimated
(Table). After the NSC was moved over the SO (2016)
and the planned sealing of all leaks (gaps) between the
walls and building structures was completed by the de-
veloper (consortium NOVARKA) in 2017-2018, hy-
draulic tests were conducted and current areas of leaks
were pre-estimated, which even at that time significant-
ly exceeded the values of leakage areas, that should be
at the end of NSC`s term of the work (see Table, col-
umns 2-3). It is predicted that the values of these exist-
ing Western and Eastern leakage areas will also increase
significantly over time.
Fig. 2. Schematic representation of the nodes of the
model of the hydraulic state of the NSC in longitudinal
section: 1 node of the main volume; 2 node of annu-
lar space; 3 node on the outer cylindrical surface;
4 node on the outer surface of the western wall;
5 node on the outer surface of the eastern wall;
6 node on the outer part of the western leaks;
7 node on the outer part of the eastern leaks.
Leakage areas estimated by NOVARKA project
and pre-estimated, as well as IETP
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2021. № 6(136) 182
Places
of
leakage
Project
NOVARKA, m
2
NOVARKA
pre-estimates,
m
2
[3, 4]
IETP
estimates,
m
2
Start of
operation
End of
operation
1 2 3 4 5
Outer
shell
0.26 1.2 1.7 1.7
Inner
shell
0.24 1.1 5.0 6.1
Western
leak
0.6 0.6 3.1 2.5
Eastern
leak
1.8 1.8 3.9 4.8
To date there are a limited number of works on the
study of the hydraulic state of the ChNPP NSC, among
which there are works on the distribution of air with
radioactive aerosols inside the NSC [1], some focused
only on unorganized air flow [2]. In [3, 4] air leaks are-
as between the NSC and the environment (ENV) esti-
mations were performed, but the authors relied on a
limited amount of operational data in the models used,
which does not allow to obtain a reliable picture of the
hydraulic state of the NSC-ENV system and, most im-
portantly, to obtain air flow rates with radioactive aer-
osols (RA) from the main volume to the environment.
This air leakage with the RA to the ENV is unor-
ganized, uncontrolled and unfiltered of RA along with
organized air leakage by means of an exhaust ventila-
tion system with RA filtration. It should be noted that
these unorganized air flow rates with RA significantly
depend on the speed and direction of the wind, as well
as the mode of operation of the NSC`s ventilation sys-
tem.
Thus, the problem of the NSC is the lack of infor-
mation on the airflow with radioactive aerosols from
the main volume to the environment.
From the end of 2019, the Institute of Technical
Thermophysics of NASU, presented by the authors of
this publication, began to recieve operational measure-
ments of the hydraulic state of the NSC, which allows to
obtain more accurate values of leakage areas and, most
importantly, outgoing air flow rates from the NSC, the
results were presented on International Conference [2]
and further presented in this publication.
Therefore, the aim of the work is to solve the
above-mentioned NSC`s problem by developing and
demonstrating the NSC`s hydraulic state model for
determining the flow of unorganized air with RA from
NSC to the environment through leaks under NSC`s
walls using NSC`s hydraulic state operational data.
METHODOLOGY OF DETERMINATION
OF UNORGANIZED AIR FLOWRATES
WITH RA
To solve the problem, a computational-experimental
approach was chosen, in the framework of which the
model of the hydraulic state of the NSC is used, it`s
parameters are found or specified according to field
measurements of the parameters of the hydraulic state of
the NSC (see Fig. 2). The availability of a large amount
of operational data allows the usage models of the hy-
draulic state of the NSC to more accurately estimate
both the areas of leaks and flowrates through them.
The methodology of modeling of the ChNPP NSC`s
hydraulic state (Fig. 3) shows the sequence for obtaining
of an adequate model through the identification of model
parameters (calibration) using operational data from the
NSC and obtaining of the results of modeling in the form
of flowrates through leaks (analysis and prediction),
which will be directed to the NSC`s operator to control,
predict and, subsequently, manage these flowrates.
Fig. 3. Methodology for modeling of the NSC`s hydraulic state
Operational data of the hydraulic state of the NSC in
the form of a continuous flow of pressure drop meas-
urements between the Annular Space (AS) and the Main
Volume (MV), between AS, MV and the Environment
(ENV), as well as measurements of fan flowrates in AS,
MV and climatic conditions (wind direction and speed
(see Fig. 2)) enter the NSC`s model, which evaluates the
correctness of hydraulic coefficients. If the coefficients
according to the selected criterion are estimated correct-
ly, the model calculates the unorganized air flow with
the RA from NSC`s MV to the ENV through the West-
ern and Eastern leaks (see curved blue lines in Fig. 2). If
the coefficients according to the selected criterion are
not evaluated correctly, then the hydraulic coefficients
are refined (model calibration) and the unorganized air
flow from the NSC with the concentration of RA in the
ENV, which is also measured, is calculated. The orga-
nized air flowrates to the ENV filtered of RA by means
of exhaust fans (VV) and special filters.
NSC`S HYDRAULIC STATE MODEL
As shown in Fig. 2, unorganized air exchange takes
place from the AS to the MV through the inner shell of
the NSC, because the pressure in the AS is always
greater than the pressure in the MV (15…25 Pa) due to
the constant operation of the discharge fan. In MV, on
the contrary, exhaust fan always tries to maintain a
small vacuum of 4…6 PA relative to the pressure in the
ENV to reduce the flow of air with the RA from the MV
to the ENV.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2021. № 6(136) 183
The problem is that due to the constant change of
pressures on the Western and Eastern walls of the NSC
(WW and EW) in places of leaks (see points 6 and 7 in
Fig. 2), which occur due to constant changes in wind
direction and speed, the sign of pressure drops MV-
ENV is constantly changing, which leads to the
occurence of unorganized air flow with the RA from the
NSC to the ENV. The pressures on the outer shell of the
NSC at points 3-4 (see Fig. 2) are also constantly chang-
ing, which also leads to changes in flowrates though the
leaks in the cylindrical wall (CW) and flat vertical walls
of the outer shell of the NSC.
The model of the hydraulic state of the NSC consists
of the equation of the balance of air masses in the vol-
ume system of the NSC-ENV for 7 nodes with concen-
trated parameters, of which 5 are external and 2 are in-
ternal nodes 1 and 2 (see Fig. 2). The internal nodes are
computational, and the external are boundary, in which
the absolute values of static pressures from the maps of
pressure distributions on the surfaces of the NSC are set,
obtained from [5], which were obtained by testing of the
NSC`s physical model in the wind tunnel. Between the
nodes in the model there are 6 hydraulic connectons:
AS-CW, AS-WW, AS-EW, AS-MV, MV-WL, MV-EL
(see dotted lines in Fig. 2).
Hydraulic connections determine the flowrates between
the nodes, which allow to obtain the values of pressures
in the computational nodes 1 and 2 for AS and MV.
The model is based on the Bernoulli equation [4, 6]
,PRG (1)
where G flow rate, m
3
/s; ΔР static pressure differ-
ence between PMV-PWL, PMV-PEL, PAS-PMV, PAS-PENV;
R is the hydraulic conductivity, m
3
/(Pa·s) in the form
,
2
6,0
P
SR
(2)
where 0.6 flowrate ratio; S is the contingent area of
the leak between the selected parts of the NSC and the
environment; ρ is the density of air.
Using equations (1), (2) and the balance of air flow
G between the volumes of the NSC and the environment
the equations of the model (3), (4) are concluded rela-
tive to the absolute values of pressures P in the volumes
of AS and MV and have the following form for each
moment of time of measurements of a hydraulic condi-
tion of NSC.
,
mvasRewasRcwasRwwasR
asGmvPmvasRewPewasRcwPcwasRwwPwwasR
asP
(3)
,
elmv
R
wlmv
RmvasR
mvGmvG
el
P
elmv
R
wl
P
wlmv
RasPmvasR
mvP
(4)
where G
+
and G
-
are the flowrates of injection and ex-
haustion VUs in AS and MV, and the notation of the
lower indices for R and P are given above.
Thus, the pairs of equations (3), (4) for each moment
of time, when the measurements of the hydraulic state
of the NSC are taken, create a system of algebraic equa-
tions, the solution of which allows to obtain flowrates
for all 6 hydraulic connections: AS-CW, AS-WW, AS-
EW, AS-MV, MV-WL, MV-EL at the estimated values
of the areas of 4 leaks S between AS and ENV, AS and
MV, MV-WL and MV-EL, as the main hydraulic pa-
rameters of the NSC. According to the methodology
(see Fig. 3), before the flowrates calculations, the values
of leak areas S between the selected parts of the NSC
and the environment, which were used in previous cal-
culations, are checked. If the standard deviation F of the
calculated (m-model) pressure drops KP-OO from the
measured (meas)
,1
2
)(
n
n
i
m
mvasP
meas
mvasP
F
(5)
is more than a certain value (assumed 1.5 Pa), then the
previously accepted areas of leaks S must be specified
by finding such values for which the value of F will be
minimal (by the inverse problem method). In (5) n is the
total number of measurements of the hydraulic state of
the NSC in the sample. If the value of F is less than the
accepted value, then the found areas of leaks S are con-
sidered to be refined, the model is used to calculate
flowrates through leaks (see Fig. 3).
The following assumptions were made in the mod-
el:
1) leaks have the same nature, as a result of which a
flowrate ratio of 0.6 was chosen;
2) taking into account the probable locations of
leaks, certain surfaces were selected to determine the
boundary conditions from the pressure maps that corre-
spond to them.
NEURAL NETWORK MODEL
As will be shown below, model (1) - (4), which is
based on the solution of the Bernoulli system of equa-
tions, will be used for a fairly large number (samples) of
successive in time measurements of the hydraulic state of
the NSC, which requires significant computational re-
sources and calculation time. To reduce the calculation
time, the model of an artificial neural network (NN) [7]
was also used, which consists of an input (8 neurons),
an output (1 neuron) and one hidden layer (8 neurons)
(Fig. 4). The input data of the neural network is also the
distribution of external pressures and flowrates of venti-
lation units, before the application of which additional
standardization was carried out. The initial data of the
model are the flowrates through the eastern and western
leaks of the MV-ENV system, which were compared
with the calculated values of the model (1) - (4). The
adaptive Adam method (symbiosis of the gradient de-
scent method and RMSProp) was used as an algorithm
for standard error function optimization [7]. This ap-
proach with the parallel application of the NN model and
the model (1) - (4) in attempts to reduce the calculated
time close to the real time was successfully used in [8].
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2021. № 6(136) 184
Fig. 4. Schematic of the neural network
INPUT DATA
Operational data of the hydraulic state of the NSC in
the form of a flow (sample) of pressure drop measure-
ments between AS and MV, between AS, MV, and ENV,
as well as measurements of fan flowrates in AS, MV, and
also climatic conditions (wind direction and speed,
Fig. 5) are used as initial data for determination of unor-
ganized air leakages with RA into the environment (are-
as and flowrates). Important initial data for flowrate
calculations are the distribution of static pressures on
the outer surface of the NSC at points (nodes) 3-7 (see
Fig. 2) at arbitrary wind directions and speeds. These
data were obtained by experiments in the wind tunnel
on a 1:300 model of the NSC [5]. They were used as
boundary conditions to determine the areas of leaks
from MV and unorganized flowrates from NSC`s AS
and MV to the environment.
From the Chernobyl NPP, a sample of NSC`s hy-
draulic condition data was obtained in the amount of
677 measurements with a step of 1 h for the period from
17.01.2020 to 14.02.2020 for 676 h. The dependences
of the direction and wind speed are shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Dependences of wind speed and direction on time
RESULTS OF DETERMINATION OF AIR
EMISSIONS WITH RA OUTSIDE THE NSC
According to all the data of this sample, first with
the help of model (1) - (4) and minimization of criterion
(5) the values of the areas of leakage of unorganized air
from the NSC to the ENV were clarified, which are giv-
en in column 5 of Table. The standard deviation (5) of
the measured and calculated values of the AS-MV pres-
sures was 1.19 Pa, which is considered a satisfactory
deviation. It seems to us that the leaks found are the
most accurate, as they were found according to a large
sample of measurements (677) in contrast to the signifi-
cantly smaller number of measurements (6-10) used by
NOVARKA before the commissioning of the NSC.
The obtained values were used to calculate the unor-
ganized air flowrates in and out of the NSC in the form
of the dependence of air flowrate on time, presented in
Fig. 6. As a result, it can be seen that the flowrates
through the western and eastern leaks under the walls of
the NSC have both positive (air without RA enters from
the ENV into the NSC) and negative (air with RA
leaves the NSC into the ENV, painted red or blue) air
flowrates values. This is due to the fact that the wind
creates external pressure in the places of leakage (posi-
tive or negative, depending on the direction of the
wind). Thus, changes in wind speed and direction, as
well as VU flowrates in MV and AS determine the lev-
els of unorganized air releases through the western and
eastern leaks of the NSC (see Figs. 5 and 6).
h
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2021. № 6(136) 185
Fig. 6. Dependences of air flowrates through the western and eastern leaks of the NSC on time
The air flowrate time curves in Fig. 6 show that the
negative (below zero) air flowrates (with the RA in it),
which go through the western and eastern leaks outside
the NSC, account for a significant share of 2400 thou-
sand m
3
(about 20%) from positive and their share espe-
cially grows at the western direction and the raised wind
speeds that for example can be observed in Figs. 5 and 6
between 96 and 155 h of operational measurements.
Modeling of predicted flowrate values at speeds in the
region of 10 m/s shows an increase in air releases out-
side the NSC up to 50%.
In general, from the analysis above it can be con-
cluded that the given ChNPP control algorithm of AS
and MV in the period from 17.01.2020 to 14.02.2020
(see Fig. 6) is not optimal in terms of prevention of air
releases from the NSC into the environment.
It should be noted that the model of neural networks
(NN) showed almost the same curves of air flowrates
through the western and eastern leaks of the NSC over
time (see Fig. 6), for which it used the first half of the
sample for "learning" and the second half for predictive
calculations, which coincided with the results of model
(1) - (5). The obtained low values of errors indicate the
feasibility of further use of the NN model.
AIR RELEASES WITH RA OUTSIDE
THE CHNPP NSC
Dependences of unorganized air flowrates through
the western and eastern leaks of the NSC on time, ob-
tained by modeling (see Fig. 6), allow to find the total
(integral) air flow through these leaks outside the NSC
for the period of 28 days from 17.01.2020 to
14.02.2020, which is equal to 2400 thousand m
3
. Ac-
cording to the scenario of dismantling of unstable struc-
tures of the SO, the average monthly concentration of
RA at the volumetric activity of β-emitting nuclides is
approximately 210 Bq/m
3
. Then the estimate of the val-
ue of the RA emission from the NSC in the conditions
of dismantling of unstable structures of the SO will be
2400000210 = 504 MBq at the maximum allowable
level of 700 MBq. When fuel-containing materials are
removed, the activity of β-emitting nuclides will be
higher than 210 Bq/m
3
, which is considered as an ex-
ample in [9] by modeling the distribution of RA in the
NSC`s volume when removing fuel-containing materi-
als from the SO.
Of course, the model can calculate not only the in-
tegral, but also the weekly, daily and hourly radiation
load on the environment, provided that the Chernobyl
NPP constantly delivers data of the NSC`s hydraulic
and radiation state for the model.
One of the further plans to use the developed models
is their adaptation and integration into the existing
NSC`s monitoring and management system. In fact,
such models should become the so-called "digital twin"
of the NSC`s state, proposed in [10]. Such adaptation
and integration of models will help to protect personnel
and the environment during the transformation of the
OS into an environmentally friendly facility.
CONCLUSIONS
One of the problems of the NSC is the lack of in-
formation on the flowrates of unorganized air with
radioactive aerosols from the main volume into the
environment.
Developed models and methodology for modeling
the hydraulic state of the ChNPP NSC using operational
measurements allowed for the first time to determine
the continuous unorganized air flowrates with radio-
active aerosols outside the NSC into the environment at
arbitrary wind directions and speeds.
The models allow to calculate the integral, week-
ly, daily and hourly radiation load on the environment
under the condition of constant flow of data on hydrau-
lic and radiation state of the NSC from the Chernobyl
NPP.
The developed models need to be adapted and in-
tegrated into the existing NSC`s monitoring and man-
agement system, which will help to ensure maximum
protection of personnel and the environment during the
transformation of the “Shelter” Object into an environ-
mentally friendly facility.
The authors thank the staff of the New Safe Con-
finement of the Chernobyl NPP for cooperation and
providing data for the approbation of the developed
model.
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Article received 09.09.2021
НЕОРГАНИЗОВАННЫЕ ВЫБРОСЫ ВОЗДУХА С РАДИОАКТИВНЫМИ АЭРОЗОЛЯМИ
ИЗ НОВОГО БЕЗОПАСНОГО КОНФАЙНМЕНТА ЧАЭС В ОКРУЖАЮЩУЮ СРЕДУ
П.Г. Круковский, Е.В. Дядюшко, Д.И. Скляренко, И.С. Старовит
Новый безопасный конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЭС, который изолирует разрушенный реактор и объект «Ук-
рытие» от окружающей среды не является герметичным, поэтому проблемой является отсутствие информа-
ции о расходах неорганизованного воздуха с радиоактивными аэрозолями за пределы НБК. Рассмотрена
расчетная модель гидравлического состояния НБК, которая позволяет определить эти расходы через места
негерметичности в оболочках и строительных конструкциях под стенами НБК. Дополнительно к разрабо-
танной модели была проведена апробация модели гидравлического состояния НБК, созданная по техноло-
гии нейронных сетей, которая показала близкие результаты и гораздо большую расчетную производитель-
ность, что дает возможность ее использования для анализа и прогнозирования гидравлического состояния
НБК в режиме реального времени.
НЕОРГАНІЗОВАНІ ВИКИДИ ПОВІТРЯ З РАДІОАКТИВНИМИ АЕРОЗОЛЯМИ
ІЗ НОВОГО БЕЗПЕЧНОГО КОНФАЙНМЕНТА ЧАЕС В ОТОЧУЮЧЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ
П.Г. Круковський, Є.В. Дядюшко, Д.І. Скляренко, І.С. Старовіт
Новий безпечний конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЕС, який ізолює зруйнований реактор і об’єкт «Укриття» від
оточуючого середовища не є герметичним, тому проблемою є відсутність інформації про витрати неоргані-
зованого повітря з радіоактивними аерозолями за межі НБК. Розглянута розрахункова модель гідравлічного
стану НБК, яка дозволяє визначити ці витрати через місця негерметичності в оболонках і будівельних конс-
трукціях під стінами НБК. Додатково до розробленої моделі була проведена апробація моделі гідравлічного
стану НБК, створеної за технологією нейронних мереж, яка показала близькі результати і набагато більшу
розрахункову продуктивність, що дає можливість її використання для аналізу і прогнозування гідравлічного
стану НБК у режимі реального часу.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-195806 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-24T10:38:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Krukovskyi, P. Diadiushko, Ye. Skliarenko, D. Starovit, I. 2023-12-07T10:37:21Z 2023-12-07T10:37:21Z 2021 Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment / P.G. Krukovskyi, Ye.V. Diadiushko, D.J. Skliarenko, I.S. Starovit // Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. — 2021. — № 6. — С. 181-186. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 28.41.-i:89.60.-k DOI: https://doi.org/10.46813/2021-136-181 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195806 The New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl NPP, which isolates the destroyed reactor and the “Shelter Object” from the environment, is not airtight, so the problem is the lack of information on the flow of norganized air with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC. This work presents computational model of the hydraulic state of the NSC, which allows to determine these flow rates through the leaks in the shells and building structures under the walls of the NSC. In addition to the developed model, the NSC hydraulic state model, created by neural network technology, was tested, which showed similar results and much higher computational performance, which allows its use for analysis and prediction of NSC's hydraulic state in real time. Новий безпечний конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЕС, який ізолює зруйнований реактор і об'єкт “Укриття” від оточуючого середовища не є герметичним, тому проблемою є відсутність інформації про витрати неорганізованого повітря з радіоактивними аерозолями за межі НБК. Розглянута розрахункова модель гідравлічного стану НБК, яка дозволяє визначити ці витрати через місця негерметичності в оболонках і будівельних конструкціях під стінами НБК. Додатково до розробленої моделі була проведена апробація моделі гідравлічного стану НБК, створеної за технологією нейронних мереж, яка показала близькі результати і набагато більшу розрахункову продуктивність, що дає можливість її використання для аналізу і прогнозування гідравлічного стану НБК у режимі реального часу. Новый безопасный конфайнмент (НБК) ЧАЭС, который изолирует разрушенный реактор и объект «Укрытие» от окружающей среды не является герметичным, поэтому проблемой является отсутствие информации о расходах неорганизованного воздуха с радиоактивными аэрозолями за пределы НБК. Рассмотрена расчетная модель гидравлического состояния НБК, которая позволяет определить эти расходы через места негерметичности в оболочках и строительных конструкциях под стенами НБК. Дополнительно к разработанной модели была проведена апробация модели гидравлического состояния НБК, созданная по технологии нейронных сетей, которая показала близкие результаты и гораздо большую расчетную производительность, что дает возможность ее использования для анализа и прогнозирования гидравлического состояния НБК в режиме реального времени. The authors thank the staff of the New Safe Confinement of the Chernobyl NPP for cooperation and providing data for the approbation of the developed model. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Application of nuclear methods Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment Неорганізовані викиди повітря з радіоактивними аерозолями із Нового безпечного конфайнменту ЧАЕС в оточуюче середовище Неорганизованные выбросы воздуха с радиоактивными аэрозолями из Нового безопасного конфайнмента ЧАЭС в окружающую среду Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment Krukovskyi, P. Diadiushko, Ye. Skliarenko, D. Starovit, I. Application of nuclear methods |
| title | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment |
| title_alt | Неорганізовані викиди повітря з радіоактивними аерозолями із Нового безпечного конфайнменту ЧАЕС в оточуюче середовище Неорганизованные выбросы воздуха с радиоактивными аэрозолями из Нового безопасного конфайнмента ЧАЭС в окружающую среду |
| title_full | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment |
| title_fullStr | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment |
| title_short | Unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the New Safe Confinement of ChNPP into the environment |
| title_sort | unorganized air releases with radioactive aerosols from the new safe confinement of chnpp into the environment |
| topic | Application of nuclear methods |
| topic_facet | Application of nuclear methods |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/195806 |
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