Про кавказьку міграцію та українську неолітизацію

• Veröffentlicht in: Археологія
• Datum: 2022
• 1. Verfasser: Залізняк, Л.Л.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainisch
• Veröffentlicht: Інститут археології НАН України 2022
• Schlagworte: Дискусiї
• Online Zugang: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/199517
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Zitieren: Про кавказьку міграцію та українську неолітизацію / Л.Л. Залізняк // Археологія. — 2022. — № 4. — С. 120-128. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — укр.

У статті проаналізовано радикальні новації в розумінні культурно-історичних процесів, які, на думку
 українського археолога В. О. Манька, відбувалися в
 Надчорномор’ї і на Кавказі за доби мезоліту. In recent years, Ukrainian archaeologist V. O. Manko has been boldly revising key positions in traditional ideas about the
 Mesolithic and Neolithic of South-Eastern Europe, to which his latest article in the journal Arheologia, written in co-authorship
 with the Georgian researcher G. L. Chhatarashvili, is devoted.
 The article begins with a call to abandon the traditional definition of the Neolithic, proposed by the classic scholar of
 prehistory V. Gordon Childe (the Neolithic is the era of the invention and spread of the reproductive economy) and replace it with
 an innovative one: the Neolithic is an information system. Since everything in the world is a system, the question arises: What is
 the meaning and benefit of such an innovative definition of the Neolithic?
 The co-authors of the article resolutely reject the Balkan-Danube version of the neolithization of Central-Eastern Europe,
 particularly Ukraine, founded by the already mentioned G. Child, as the brainchild of “improper research methodology”. Of
 course, the classics are also wrong, but a discussion with serious scientists requires serious argumentation, which, unfortunately,
 is catastrophically lacking in V. O. Manko’s constructions. The researcher proposes to replace the classical version of the
 neolithization of Europe from the Balkans through the Danube to the Caucasian route of the movement of Neolithic colonists to
 the Northern Black Sea; however, the arguments for his alternative are clearly insufficient.
 V. O. Manko boldly solves the complex problems of the genesis of a number of Mesolithic cultures of Ukraine and the
 Caucasus: Hrebenyky, Kukrek, Shpan-Koba, Swider, Mariupol and others. Loud revolutionary statements not supported by
 proper arguments and facts look like unconvincing declarations, which give rise to doubts and a skeptical attitude of the reader
 towards them. I will not claim that all the cultural communities highlighted in the article are illusory, and the migration routes
 from the Middle East through the Caucasus to the Black Sea region are ephemeral. However, the scant information on the
 typology of the flint inventory of cultural communities provided by its authors and clearly insufficient illustrative material in
 most cases does not allow imagining what it is actually about.
 Therefore, the topic chosen by the authors of the article of systematization of the cultural communities of the Mesolithic
 of the Caucasus and their cultural connections with the Black Sea region is definitely relevant, but its solution is complicated
 by the significant defects of the source base of the region and poor argumentation of the proposed hypotheses. Perhaps if the
 authors did not try to solve all the problems of the Mesolithic of the Caucasus and its neighboring regions in one article, then
 their conclusions would be more thorough, convincing and understandable for the readers.