Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві
У статті наведено результати вивчення кісткових матеріалів (серед яких найбільша кількість кісток коней), виявлених під час археологічних розкопок середньовічного льоху на Десятинному провулку, здійснених 2008 р. Крім археозоологічних визначень та остеометрії, здійснено аналіз слідів розділення...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Археологія |
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| Datum: | 2023 |
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| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Ukrainian |
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Інститут археології НАН України
2023
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| Online Zugang: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/199536 |
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| Zitieren: | Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ—ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві / М.В. Кублій // Археологія. — 2023. — № 1. — С. 52-56. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — укр. |
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Кублій, М.В. 2024-10-15T11:25:11Z 2024-10-15T11:25:11Z 2023 Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ—ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві / М.В. Кублій // Археологія. — 2023. — № 1. — С. 52-56. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — укр. 0235-3490 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.01.052 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/199536 [569.723:904.4](477.411)"10/11" У статті наведено результати вивчення кісткових матеріалів (серед яких найбільша кількість кісток коней), виявлених під час археологічних розкопок середньовічного льоху на Десятинному провулку, здійснених 2008 р. Крім археозоологічних визначень та остеометрії, здійснено аналіз слідів розділення туш тварин, висловлено припущення щодо причин і обставин, за яких кістки коней опинилися в льоху. During archaeological excavations in the Upper Town in Kyiv in 2008, a cellar was discovered next to the Western Palace. Among other materials, there were animal bones, the absolute majority of which were horses’ bones. Based on the bones, it was calculated that the minimum number of individual horses was four. These bones belonged to kitchen remains, as they were fragmented and showed a large number of cutting marks on almost all anatomical parts of the horses. However, they were larger than those that are usually thrown away after cooking. Perhaps, in this case, we are dealing with horse carcasses that were stored as supplies after initial butchering, but never used. The presence of bones from non-meat parts of the body, such as the phalanges, indicates that the animals were slaughtered in the same place. According to the nature of the cut marks, they were probably made with an ax and a knife. Two of the horses were likely males. The sex of the other two could not be determined. Two individuals were five years old, one was 3—3.5 years old, and one was 15—18 months old. Breed characteristics were established only for one individual. The female belonged to medium-legged horses. In addition, the horse performed heavy physical work during life, which is indicated well-developed muscle attachments on the bones. It should be noted that by the 11th and 12th centuries, the practice of eating horse meat had stopped. There are several reasons for this. One of them is changing the role of the horse. At this time, the horse began to be actively used as a draft animal, particularly when cultivating the land, and as a riding animal. Another reason is the spread of Christianity, which prohibited eating horse meat, because it was associated with pre-Christian cults. This is evidenced by several references in the Chronicle. However, under unforeseen circumstances, such as famine during the siege of the city, the practice of eating horse meat could have been returned. It is likely that the horses, the bones of which were found in the cellar, were slaughtered and divided into fragments precisely under unfavourable circumstances for the residents of Kyiv. uk Інститут археології НАН України Археологія Статтi Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві Analysis of Horse Bones from a Cellar of the 11th-12th Centuries near the Western Palace in Kyiv Article published earlier |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві |
| spellingShingle |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві Кублій, М.В. Статтi |
| title_short |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві |
| title_full |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві |
| title_fullStr |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ-ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві |
| title_sort |
аналіз кісток коней із льоху хі-хіі ст. біля західного палацу в києві |
| author |
Кублій, М.В. |
| author_facet |
Кублій, М.В. |
| topic |
Статтi |
| topic_facet |
Статтi |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| language |
Ukrainian |
| container_title |
Археологія |
| publisher |
Інститут археології НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Analysis of Horse Bones from a Cellar of the 11th-12th Centuries near the Western Palace in Kyiv |
| description |
У статті наведено результати вивчення кісткових
матеріалів (серед яких найбільша кількість кісток
коней), виявлених під час археологічних розкопок
середньовічного льоху на Десятинному провулку,
здійснених 2008 р. Крім археозоологічних визначень
та остеометрії, здійснено аналіз слідів розділення
туш тварин, висловлено припущення щодо причин
і обставин, за яких кістки коней опинилися в льоху.
During archaeological excavations in the Upper Town in Kyiv in 2008, a cellar was discovered next to the Western Palace. Among
other materials, there were animal bones, the absolute majority of which were horses’ bones. Based on the bones, it was calculated
that the minimum number of individual horses was four. These bones belonged to kitchen remains, as they were fragmented and
showed a large number of cutting marks on almost all anatomical parts of the horses. However, they were larger than those that are
usually thrown away after cooking. Perhaps, in this case, we are dealing with horse carcasses that were stored as supplies after initial
butchering, but never used. The presence of bones from non-meat parts of the body, such as the phalanges, indicates that the animals
were slaughtered in the same place. According to the nature of the cut marks, they were probably made with an ax and a knife.
Two of the horses were likely males. The sex of the other two could not be determined. Two individuals were five years old,
one was 3—3.5 years old, and one was 15—18 months old.
Breed characteristics were established only for one individual. The female belonged to medium-legged horses. In addition,
the horse performed heavy physical work during life, which is indicated well-developed muscle attachments on the bones.
It should be noted that by the 11th and 12th centuries, the practice of eating horse meat had stopped. There are several reasons
for this. One of them is changing the role of the horse. At this time, the horse began to be actively used as a draft animal,
particularly when cultivating the land, and as a riding animal. Another reason is the spread of Christianity, which prohibited
eating horse meat, because it was associated with pre-Christian cults. This is evidenced by several references in the Chronicle.
However, under unforeseen circumstances, such as famine during the siege of the city, the practice of eating horse meat could
have been returned. It is likely that the horses, the bones of which were found in the cellar, were slaughtered and divided into
fragments precisely under unfavourable circumstances for the residents of Kyiv.
|
| issn |
0235-3490 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/199536 |
| citation_txt |
Аналіз кісток коней із льоху ХІ—ХІІ ст. біля Західного палацу в Києві / М.В. Кублій // Археологія. — 2023. — № 1. — С. 52-56. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — укр. |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT kublíimv analízkístokkoneiízlʹohuhíhíístbílâzahídnogopalacuvkiêví AT kublíimv analysisofhorsebonesfromacellarofthe11th12thcenturiesnearthewesternpalaceinkyiv |
| first_indexed |
2025-12-07T20:33:27Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-12-07T20:33:27Z |
| _version_ |
1850883028635615232 |