Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions
Тhe low favorability of machine-building enterprises to investments and adaptation to external and internal challenges and threats form the need to find effective mechanisms of functioning and development. The state, as an institution that has power, funds and other resources, in its activities is c...
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Bryukhovetska, N. Bryl, I. Prykhodko, O. 2025-05-23T09:29:07Z 2024 Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions / N. Bryukhovetska, I. Bryl, O. Prykhodko // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2024. — № 4 (78). — С. 12-18. — Бібліогр.: 39 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/203371 332.146.2:621 https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2024-4(78)-12-18 Тhe low favorability of machine-building enterprises to investments and adaptation to external and internal challenges and threats form the need to find effective mechanisms of functioning and development. The state, as an institution that has power, funds and other resources, in its activities is capable of leveling and compensating the risks of uncertainty, promoting the expansion of the domestic market and using mechanisms to activate internal development resources. Ukraine's orientation towards the restoration of competitive machine-building industries in post-war conditions requires a balanced approach to understanding the new role of the state, the possibilities of using the necessary mechanisms and state support tools for domestic enterprises. A set of measures related to activities under martial law, creation of prerequisites for structural restructuring and post-war recovery of enterprises is provided. It ensures macroeconomic stability, supporting domestic demand, preserving industrial production and jobs on the territory of Ukraine, targeted use of foreign aid. Developments and research results can be used in the activities of state and regional government and management bodies, industrial enterprises, integrated structures, educational institutions in the formation and implementation of industrial policy, determination of state priorities and development mechanisms, consolidation of internal national resources, restoration and modernization of industrial production according to conditions of the mobilization economy. In the future, the development of various scenarios for the development of machine-building enterprises is provided in accordance with the methods and mechanisms of state participation, the necessary resources, risks and consequences for industry, the domestic market and business. The development of proposals will contribute to the post-war structural restructuring of industry. Низька сприятливість машинобудівних підприємств до інвестицій та адаптації до зовнішніх і внутрішніх викликів і загроз формують необхідність пошуку ефективних механізмів функціонування та розвитку. Держава як інституція, що володіє владою, коштами та іншими ресурсами, у своїй діяльності здатна нівелювати та компенсувати ризики невизначеності, сприяючи розширенню внутрішнього ринку та використовуючи механізми активізації внутрішніх ресурсів розвитку. Орієнтація України на відновлення конкурентоспроможності машинобудівної галузі у повоєнних умовах вимагає виваженого підходу до розуміння нової ролі держави, можливостей використання необхідних механізмів та інструментів державної підтримки вітчизняних підприємств. Розробки та результати наукових досліджень можуть бути використані в діяльності державних і регіональних органів державної влади та управління, промислових підприємств, інтегрованих структур, навчальних закладів у формуванні та реалізації промислової політики, визначенні державних пріоритетів та механізмів розвитку, консолідації внутрішніх національних ресурсів, зміцненні національних ресурсів, розвитку промисловості та ін. відновлення та модернізація промислового виробництва в умовах мобілізаційної економіки. У подальшому передбачається розробка різноманітних сценаріїв розвитку машинобудівних підприємств відповідно до методів та механізмів участі держави, необхідних ресурсів, ризиків та наслідків для промисловості, внутрішнього ринку та бізнесу. Розробка пропозицій сприятиме післявоєнній структурній перебудові промисловості. en Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України Економічний вісник Донбасу Macroeconomics, economic theory and history Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions Механізми підтримки діяльності машинобудівних підприємств в умовах кризи Article published earlier |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
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Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions Bryukhovetska, N. Bryl, I. Prykhodko, O. Macroeconomics, economic theory and history |
| title_short |
Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
| title_full |
Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
| title_fullStr |
Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
| title_sort |
мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions |
| author |
Bryukhovetska, N. Bryl, I. Prykhodko, O. |
| author_facet |
Bryukhovetska, N. Bryl, I. Prykhodko, O. |
| topic |
Macroeconomics, economic theory and history |
| topic_facet |
Macroeconomics, economic theory and history |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Економічний вісник Донбасу |
| publisher |
Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Механізми підтримки діяльності машинобудівних підприємств в умовах кризи |
| description |
Тhe low favorability of machine-building enterprises to investments and adaptation to external and internal challenges and threats form the need to find effective mechanisms of functioning and development. The state, as an institution that has power, funds and other resources, in its activities is capable of leveling and compensating the risks of uncertainty, promoting the expansion of the domestic market and using mechanisms to activate internal development resources.
Ukraine's orientation towards the restoration of competitive machine-building industries in post-war conditions requires a balanced approach to understanding the new role of the state, the possibilities of using the necessary mechanisms and state support tools for domestic enterprises.
A set of measures related to activities under martial law, creation of prerequisites for structural restructuring and post-war recovery of enterprises is provided. It ensures macroeconomic stability, supporting domestic demand, preserving industrial production and jobs on the territory of Ukraine, targeted use of foreign aid.
Developments and research results can be used in the activities of state and regional government and management bodies, industrial enterprises, integrated structures, educational institutions in the formation and implementation of industrial policy, determination of state priorities and development mechanisms, consolidation of internal national resources, restoration and modernization of industrial production according to conditions of the mobilization economy.
In the future, the development of various scenarios for the development of machine-building enterprises is provided in accordance with the methods and mechanisms of state participation, the necessary resources, risks and consequences for industry, the domestic market and business. The development of proposals will contribute to the post-war structural restructuring of industry.
Низька сприятливість машинобудівних підприємств до інвестицій та адаптації до зовнішніх і внутрішніх викликів і загроз формують необхідність пошуку ефективних механізмів функціонування та розвитку. Держава як інституція, що володіє владою, коштами та іншими ресурсами, у своїй діяльності здатна нівелювати та компенсувати ризики невизначеності, сприяючи розширенню внутрішнього ринку та використовуючи механізми активізації внутрішніх ресурсів розвитку.
Орієнтація України на відновлення конкурентоспроможності машинобудівної галузі у повоєнних умовах вимагає виваженого підходу до розуміння нової ролі держави, можливостей використання необхідних механізмів та інструментів державної підтримки вітчизняних підприємств.
Розробки та результати наукових досліджень можуть бути використані в діяльності державних і регіональних органів державної влади та управління, промислових підприємств, інтегрованих структур, навчальних закладів у формуванні та реалізації промислової політики, визначенні державних пріоритетів та механізмів розвитку, консолідації внутрішніх національних ресурсів, зміцненні національних ресурсів, розвитку промисловості та ін. відновлення та модернізація промислового виробництва в умовах мобілізаційної економіки.
У подальшому передбачається розробка різноманітних сценаріїв розвитку машинобудівних підприємств відповідно до методів та механізмів участі держави, необхідних ресурсів, ризиків та наслідків для промисловості, внутрішнього ринку та бізнесу. Розробка пропозицій сприятиме післявоєнній структурній перебудові промисловості.
|
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1817-3772 |
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https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/203371 |
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Мechanisms to support the activities of machine-building enterprises in crisis conditions / N. Bryukhovetska, I. Bryl, O. Prykhodko // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2024. — № 4 (78). — С. 12-18. — Бібліогр.: 39 назв. — англ. |
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N. Bryukhovetska, I. Bryl, O. Prykhodko
12
ISSN 1817-3772 Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(78), 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2024-4(78)-12-18
UDC 332.146.2:621
N. Bryukhovetska,
DrHab (Economics), Professor,
ORCID 0000-0002-6652-4523,
e-mail: buleev.ivan@gmail.com,
I. Bryl,
PhD (Economics),
ORCID 0000-0003-1526-0094,
e-mail: Bryl.irina@gmail.com,
O. Prykhodko,
ORCID 0000-0002-7425-1908,
e-mail: prikhodko.iep@gmail.com,
Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
MECHANISMS TO SUPPORT THE ACTIVITIES OF MACHINE-BUILDING
ENTERPRISES IN CRISIS CONDITIONS
Statement of the problem. The relevance of the
research topic is due to the negative impact of the
«corona crisis» on the real sector of Ukrainian economy,
which deepens the existing systemic and creates latent
problems of mechanical engineering, which are based
on the loss of competitiveness by domestic manufactu-
rers on the domestic and foreign markets, limited
sources of investment development and a high share of
imports. Therefore, effective incentives for the
restoration of competitive domestic engineering and the
development of the domestic market are needed, that
can be implemented by systematic measures to support
the state as an institution that has the power and
appropriate resources for the economic growth of
industry.
Military actions on the territory of Ukraine
increased the negative impact of the «corona crisis» on
the real sector of the economy. The existing systemic
problems are deepening and new latent problems of the
national industry development are emerging. It leads to
the loss of competitiveness by domestic manufacturers
on domestic and foreign markets, limiting sources of
investment development and to a high share of imported
goods and services. Many factories are destroyed.
Therefore, new incentives and mechanisms are needed
to restore production in the conditions of the
mobilization economy.
Overcoming the crisis requires a long time and
systematic measures. One of the directions can be state
support for mechanical engineering and the
development of the domestic market.
Developed and developing countries, at certain
stages of socio-economic development, implemented
measures of state support with the aim of increasing
industrial and technological potential, reducing
dependence on fluctuations in the foreign economic
situation, developing the domestic market: flexible
protectionism, direct subsidies from the budget,
reduction of tax workload, mechanisms of customs
policy and personnel support.
Today in Ukraine, there are several directions of
state financial support, which provide compensation for
the costs of domestic producers, in particular: state
financial support for the agricultural sector; state
financial support of micro and small business entities
and support for export activities of national producers.
The state creates conditions for the functioning of
industry in wartime [1; 2]. At the beginning of March,
74% of enterprises stopped their work, in April there
were 21% of them, only 15% of businesses were able to
increase production volumes. A business support course
is currently being implemented. Thus, in the field of
international trade, an agreement was reached with
Great Britain, the European Union, and Canada on the
abolition of import duties on Ukrainian goods. The EU
also suspended for one year the collection of all anti-
dumping duties on Ukrainian steel. The USA canceled
the 25% tariff on Ukrainian steel. Canada does not plan
to apply anti-dumping measures to rental cars from
Ukraine. The key provisions of the new economic
strategy for Ukraine have been developed, and the Plan
for the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy and
industry is being formed. Its key tools are the
government envisages deregulation, minimal state
intervention in business operations, and localization at a
level of at least 60%. The government expects that it is
the private initiative that can withstand all the incredible
loads and stabilize the economy in wartime.
International and Regional Economics
© Publisher Institute of Industrial Economy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2024
© Publisher State Higher Education Institution "Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University", 2024
N. Bryukhovetska, I. Bryl, O. Prykhodko
13
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(78), 2024 ISSN 1817-3772
All this requires the generalization of state support
experience and the search for ways to overcome
obstacles to stimulating the development of mechanical
engineering.
The purpose of the article is to provide practical
recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of
support mechanisms for machine-building enterprises in
times of crisis.
Analysis of recent research and publications.
The cessation destruction of the industrial potential
determines the new role of state institutions regarding
the activation of investment activities and the search for
appropriate mechanisms to support mechanical
engineering. Problems of the development of mecha-
nical engineering in Ukraine are being studied [3–9].
Problems of implementation of mechanisms and
instruments of state support for industrial enterprises are
being investigated [10–16].
The issue of supporting national production and
localization barriers in the economic policy of states
(Local Content Requirements, LCR) is highlighted in
numerous works of foreign scientists [17–19].
In the paper [20] four stages of the industrial
revolution are presented and attention is focused on the
features of the Fourth industrial revolution as a new
industrial breakthrough, in which new information and
communication technologies interact in production
processes.
In the national report [21] of the Ukrainian leading
economists there is a section «Engineering», where the
work of the industry for 2000-2009 is analyzed and
measures for its further development are planned. There
is a low share of mechanical engineering in industrial
output and GDP as well as substantiated programs for
further development.
In the scientific report of the Institute of Industrial
Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine [22-23] the analysis of the mechanical
engineering work for the period 2010-2016 is presented,
proposals for improving the quantitative and qualitative
indicators of the industry and individual enterprises are
substantiated. At the same time, the role of mechanical
engineering, its sub-sectors, technological chains and
their impact on the results of work is not clearly defined.
Subsequently, these areas were developed in the
work of specialists from the Institute of Industrial
Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine [20]. Studies of the state of mechanical
engineering in Ukraine are devoted to the work of
domestic experts in the field of economics [24–27].
Тhe peculiarities of the development of innovative
activity in the conditions of an imperfect sectoral
structure of the economy are determined. The vector of
innovative development of Ukrainian entrepreneurship
is recognized as the integration of Ukraine into the EU
and the application of medium and long-term programs
and strategies. Burliai, 2020 determined the potential
and factors of the innovative development of Ukraine in
comparison with the innovative development of
European countries [28].
The population of Ukraine in 2021 was 41.2 mil-
lion, the labor force ‒ 17.4 million people, which was
42.2% of the population [29]. According to the Institute
of demography and social research, at the beginning of
2023 the population is 37.6 million people, at the
beginning of 2025 ‒ 33.6 million, in 2037 ‒ about
30.5 million people according to an optimistic scenario
[30]. With a reduction in the population to 33.6 million,
the labor force will be 14 million people, which will not
be enough for the full recovery of the industry.
Since the beginning of hostilities, about 8 million
people have gone abroad, mostly of working age and
with a high level of professional education (the average
age of Ukrainian refugees was 36 years, while 76% of
refugees in Poland have higher education). According to
a study by the Center for economic strategy [31], 5.6–
6.7 million Ukrainians are abroad in June 2023. The
largest share of Ukrainian refugees is in Germany (27%)
and Poland (24%). According to the forecast, from
1.3 to 3.3 million Ukrainians may remain abroad. The
National Bank of Ukraine concludes that Ukrainian
refugees provide an additional impetus to the develop-
ment of the economies of European countries as quali-
fied workers, consumers of goods and taxpayers [32].
In the context of reducing the demographic
potential of the country, reinforced by migration and
military losses of the population, one of the priority
tasks should be to improve the efficiency of managing
the processes of forming and using the labor force [33].
It is expected that the post-war revival will lead to an
increase in the need for workers, whose shortage in
certain parts of industry was acutely felt in the pre-war
period.
Presentation of the main research material.
Analysis shows [34], that the most intellectually and
professionally trained part of the middle class was
formed in mechanical engineering. Mechanical
engineering provides a high level of labor productivity,
culture of production, science, contributes to the further
division of labor, softening the stratification of society
in terms of income and growth opportunities.
Different states deal with these issues in different
ways. Thus, the PRC develops industry and engineering
through domestic and foreign investment, the United
States – by returning its companies and factories from
abroad to its country, the EU countries – through the
development of modern industry and engineering in the
countries that make up the core of the EU (Germany,
France, Italy), Great Britain and Japan - by protecting
domestic markets and state support for manufacturers.
In the economic policy of most developing and
post-socialist countries, the development of individual
companies, high technologies take place, traditional
enterprises and industries are significantly reduced
(Poland, Bulgaria, the Republic of Korea).
Ukraine is currently following the deindustriali-
zation path of industry and engineering. After 2014, the
N. Bryukhovetska, I. Bryl, O. Prykhodko
14
ISSN 1817-3772 Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(78), 2024
goal of creating an agro-industrial superpower was set.
However, even an agrarian country must have a certain
base of mechanical engineering, modern technologies
and science-intensive industries. The totality of the
above issues, the need to solve them are very relevant
for the domestic engineering industry.
Used methods and approaches: historical,
evolutionary, comparative analysis and synthesis.
It is believed that only when the share of
mechanical engineering in the structure of the industrial
complex exceeds 30%, the country can provide
technical re-equipment of the national industry, the
economy becomes self-sufficient.
In economically developed countries, the specific
weight of mechanical engineering in the production of
industry is from 30 to 60%. In Germany, this indicator
is 53.6%, in Japan – 51.5%, England – 39.6%, China –
35.4% [35], Hungary - 49%, Slovenia – 36%, South
Korea – 34%. In Ukraine, in 1991, the share of
mechanical engineering in the structure of the industrial
complex was more than 30%. In 2019, the volume of
machine-building products sold as part of industrial
products amounted to 7.6% (State Statistics Service of
Ukraine).
There are other indicators for assessing foreign
engineering [36], according to which in the USA
mechanical engineering reaches 29% of industrial
production, in Switzerland - 30%, in Germany - 42%. In
the EU, the share of mechanical engineering in
industrial output is 36-45%, including in Germany –
53.6%, Italy – 36.4%. In other countries: Japan –
51.52%, Great Britain – 36.6%, China – 35.21%. In the
USA, the contribution of mechanical engineering to
GDP is 5-10%, in the Russian Federation – 18%
(Machine-building industry of Ukraine). Such a scatter
of indicators indicates the need to improve the indicators
themselves and methods for their assessment.
Analysis of the share of mechanical engineering in
industry
In foreign countries, mechanical engineering in the
value of products of the processing (manufacturing)
industry is (Machine-building complex of Ukraine and
the world):
– 33-38% in developed countries;
– 23-26% in newly industrialized countries;
– up to 10% in developing countries.
Modern directions of the world mechanical
engineering development: science intensity (used ½ all
expenses for research and development); miniaturi-
zation of machines; creation of machine complexes.
There is a high specialization by country in the branches
of engineering. So, six countries (Japan, Germany,
USA, Italy, Switzerland, France) produce 75% of
machine-tool products, and its export reaches 75%. It is
due to the high qualification of the staff, modern
technologies, scientific and design developments, the
general high level of training and education in society.
In the 90s of the twentieth century, Ukraine was
one of the 10 most developed industrial states in Europe,
having a fairly modern, according to the criteria of that
time, the structure of industry and engineering. The
share of industry (section B, C, D according to KVED)
in Ukraine's GDP in 1991 was 45%. Mechanical
engineering in Ukraine in 1990 provided up to 14% of
GDP, and its share in industry reached 30.5% [37].
The most powerful machine-building enterprises
of Ukraine before the war were: «Azovmash»
(Mariupol); SE «Electrovajmash Plant» (Kharkiv);
«Kremenchuk Automobile Plant»; «Lvivsilmash»;
«Lviv Bus Plant»; «Nikopol Crane Construction Plant»;
«Southern Machine-Building Plant» (Dnipro); «Poltava
Turbomechanical Plant»; «Sumy Machine-Building
Research and Production Association»; «Turboatom»
(Kharkov); «Kharkiv Plant of Tractor Engines»;
«Kharkiv Tractor Plant»; «Kherson Machine-Building
Plant» and others.
By 2020, the share of mechanical engineering in
Ukraine has decreased to 7-12% of industrial
production. By 2019, the machine-building industry of
Ukraine included more than 11,000 enterprises of
various forms of ownership and size, level of
technology, etc., 15% of fixed assets, 6% of current
assets, up to 20% of industry workers. The share of
mechanical engineering in GDP is decreasing, in recent
decades it is no more than 7%. It should be borne in
mind that GDP is also steadily declining. The volumes
in physical units are decreasing. Thus, the production of
boring, drilling and milling machines decreased from
3715 in 2003 to 76 in 2010 (Ranking of countries in
finance).
Exports decreased from $13.2 billion in 2012 to $5
billion in 2018. Imports significantly exceed deliveries
abroad. The state did not provide enough assistance in
increasing the quotas for the supply of products to
Europe, in the development of world markets.
Civil servants recognize the leading role of
mechanical engineering in the economy. The
Committee of the Verkhovna Rada on Industrial and
Regulatory Policy and Entrepreneurship recognizes
mechanical engineering as one of the priority industries
of Ukraine. Draft law No. 9310 provides for the granting
of benefits to machine-building enterprises and the
simplification of customs procedures: the payment of
import duty for certain goods is canceled; the tax rate on
profit from the sale of machine-building products for
export is decreasing. Our research shows that the
application of these measures will contribute to business
processes at machine-building enterprises.
The Ministry of Strategic Industries of Ukraine
(Department of Industry) aims to promote the
investment activity of industrial enterprises. Thus, in
August 2021, a tender was announced for an investment
project for the creation of a new manufacturing
enterprise or the reconstruction and restoration of an
existing manufacturing enterprise with more than 500
employees. The selection criteria are entirely related to
state policy, namely:
1) state industrial policy;
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2) state military-industrial policy;
3) state policy in the field of state defense
procurement, defense-industrial complex;
4) state policy in the aircraft industry, in the field
of space activities.
The managers of the enterprises have some
experience of transportation and setting up production
in other regions. For example, «Korum Druzhkiv
Machine-Building Plant» lost the assets of Horliv
Machine-Building Plant and Donetskhormash in the
uncontrolled territories of Donbas. The company
quickly mastered the production of new products in the
West of the country. The plant previously produced
mechanized fasteners and underground mine transport.
The qualifications of management and employees were
sufficient to establish a new production: tunneling
combines, main ventilation fans, mine stationary
equipment and equipment for the metallurgical industry.
In order to work in military conditions and simplify the
relocation procedure, managers consider it necessary to
focus on the following areas:
– preservation of production potential;
– provision of preferential tariffs for transportation
of business equipment and capacities;
– state support in restoring logistics, purchasing
raw materials and finding sales markets;
– support of local authorities. Ensuring prompt
connection of the production capacities of relocated
enterprises to gas, water, electricity and other
engineering communications;
– provision of informational and organizational
assistance in the placement of employees of displaced
enterprises [38].
The experience of developed countries shows that
modern engineering is capable of stabilizing the work of
industry and accelerating the recovery of the economy,
meeting the needs of the population by at least 80% with
products and services of its own production. It shows the
necessity for the state authorities and civil society to
actively cooperate on the principles of public-private
and public-private partnership.
In the scientific society of Ukraine and among
those in power, a stable idea is being formed about the
need to stop the destruction of industrial potential, to
ensure the revival of traditional industries and
reproduction on a modern technological basis. The
actions of the Ministry of Strategic Industries of Ukraine
regarding the preparation of the Law of Ukraine «On
State Industrial Policy» deserve attention» [39]. Its tasks
are planned to define the following:
1) maintaining optimal production volumes and
increasing the competitiveness of industries that are
based mainly on the use of their own material base and
have developed sales markets;
2) the development of knowledge-intensive
specialized industries, for which Ukraine already has or
can have high competitive positions on a regional and
global scale, and on this basis, the formation of modern
competitive industrial structures of a national basis in
the sector of high-tech industries;
3) comprehensive restructuring of industries with
low competitive characteristics and potential, the need
for functioning and development of which is determined
by national security, social and environmental
requirements;
4) development of a system of public-private
partnership in the field of industry.
Military actions on the territory of Ukraine pose
many threats to its industrial potential and require
immediate measures of mobilization of the economy.
The state should become the leading force in this
process in order to mobilize domestic resources and
ensure the development of the domestic market with the
available volume of foreign aid. For these purposes, it
will be effective to solve the following problems:
– support of domestic demand and development of
the domestic market;
– ensuring macroeconomic stability;
– preservation of industrial production, including
civilian production;
– the use of obsolete equipment for the production
of simple things, the development of an economy of
medium complexity and technologies;
– advance training of personnel;
– effective use of foreign aid for the development
of industry, preservation of the number of jobs in the
territory of Ukraine;
– state policy of support for the export of Ukrainian
producers of final goods.
The totality of measures to preserve the stability of
the economy in wartime conditions will create
prerequisites for structural restructuring and post-war
recovery.
Conclusions. Military actions cause great losses,
the dynamics of their changes cannot be predicted. The
restoration of traditional and creation of new machine-
building enterprises requires a certain amount of time
and effort. In economic policy, the issue of reproduction
of some industries on a new technological basis is
raised. It determines the new role of state institutions
regarding the activation of investment activities, the
search for appropriate mechanisms to support
mechanical engineering.
For the successful development of the country,
modern mechanical engineering is necessary, which
ensures its own progress and the progress of industry
and the economy as a whole. Currently, we consider it
acceptable to focus on our own raw material base,
training and retention of highly qualified personnel,
building a system of public-private partnership. This
requires well-founded tools and mechanisms of state
influence on the activities of industrial enterprises in
wartime.
The issue of restoring the industrial potential of the
state in post-COVID conditions based on the use of
internal resources and the development of the internal
market requires active state support measures for the
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growth of mechanical engineering as a leading industry
in ensuring the socio-economic interests of Ukraine.
In the future, we will actually be talking about a
new industrialization – the reindustrialization of
production in mechanical engineering. This requires the
involvement of recovery mechanisms and the creation
of a modern industry on a new technological basis. For
this, the following conditions must be implemented:
– inventory of real material, financial and labor
resources of the state;
– preservation and expansion of the domestic
market;
– preservation and adjustment of the economy of
simple things for the production of goods for the
population;
– concentration of material and human resources
on new science-intensive activities;
– determination and ranking of strategic priorities
for industrial recovery;
– ensuring the country's economic security;
– development and implementation of projects of
localization, import substitution, support of national
production;
– training of high-tech workforce;
– review of the state request for personnel training
in relevant fields.
Effective state instruments and measures of
stimulation become the following:
– an effective tax and credit policy aimed at
attracting private funds to innovative processes of
reindustrialization of production;
– establishing a private-state partnership with the
appropriate distribution of tasks and functions, which
prevents corruption deals;
– formulation of goals for the reconstruction of
industry on a new technological basis and development
of the economy of simple things.
The mechanism for managing the recovery of
industry and engineering should provide for the
following:
– justification and formulation of strategic tasks of
industrial development;
– identification of qualitative and quantitative
parameters of industry potential;
– assessment of the degree of compliance of the
potential with the set strategic tasks;
– determination of priority sectors for the recovery
and reindustrialization of industry, taking into account
national interests;
– monitoring and adjusting the recovery and new
industrialization program.
In the future, the various scenarios development for
the development of machine-building enterprises is
provided in accordance with the methods and
mechanisms of state participation, the necessary
resources, risks and consequences for industry, the
domestic market and business. The development of
proposals will contribute to the post-war structural
restructuring, the reproduction of production chains in
industry on its own material and technical base, the
creation of new jobs and the equalization of the socio-
economic status of conflict regions.
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Брюховецька Н., Бриль І., Приходько О. Механізми підтримки діяльності машинобудівних підприємств в умовах
кризи
Низька сприятливість машинобудівних підприємств до інвестицій та адаптації до зовнішніх і внутрішніх викликів і
загроз формують необхідність пошуку ефективних механізмів функціонування та розвитку. Держава як інституція, що
володіє владою, коштами та іншими ресурсами, у своїй діяльності здатна нівелювати та компенсувати ризики невизначеності,
сприяючи розширенню внутрішнього ринку та використовуючи механізми активізації внутрішніх ресурсів розвитку.
Орієнтація України на відновлення конкурентоспроможності машинобудівної галузі у повоєнних умовах вимагає
виваженого підходу до розуміння нової ролі держави, можливостей використання необхідних механізмів та інструментів
державної підтримки вітчизняних підприємств.
Розробки та результати наукових досліджень можуть бути використані в діяльності державних і регіональних органів
державної влади та управління, промислових підприємств, інтегрованих структур, навчальних закладів у формуванні та
реалізації промислової політики, визначенні державних пріоритетів та механізмів розвитку, консолідації внутрішніх
національних ресурсів, зміцненні національних ресурсів, розвитку промисловості та ін. відновлення та модернізація
промислового виробництва в умовах мобілізаційної економіки.
У подальшому передбачається розробка різноманітних сценаріїв розвитку машинобудівних підприємств відповідно до
методів та механізмів участі держави, необхідних ресурсів, ризиків та наслідків для промисловості, внутрішнього ринку та
бізнесу. Розробка пропозицій сприятиме післявоєнній структурній перебудові промисловості.
Ключові слова: машинобудування, державна підтримка, держава як інститут влади та ресурсів, механізми та інструменти
державної підтримки, відродження внутрішнього ринку, мобілізаційна економіка.
Bryukhovetska N., Bryl I., Prykhodko O. Мechanisms to Support the Activities of Machine-Building Enterprises in Crisis
Conditions
Тhe low favorability of machine-building enterprises to investments and adaptation to external and internal challenges and threats
form the need to find effective mechanisms of functioning and development. The state, as an institution that has power, funds and other
resources, in its activities is capable of leveling and compensating the risks of uncertainty, promoting the expansion of the domestic
market and using mechanisms to activate internal development resources.
Ukraine's orientation towards the restoration of competitive machine-building industries in post-war conditions requires a
balanced approach to understanding the new role of the state, the possibilities of using the necessary mechanisms and state support
tools for domestic enterprises.
A set of measures related to activities under martial law, creation of prerequisites for structural restructuring and post-war
recovery of enterprises is provided. It ensures macroeconomic stability, supporting domestic demand, preserving industrial production
and jobs on the territory of Ukraine, targeted use of foreign aid.
Developments and research results can be used in the activities of state and regional government and management bodies,
industrial enterprises, integrated structures, educational institutions in the formation and implementation of industrial policy,
determination of state priorities and development mechanisms, consolidation of internal national resources, restoration and
modernization of industrial production according to conditions of the mobilization economy.
In the future, the development of various scenarios for the development of machine-building enterprises is provided in accordance
with the methods and mechanisms of state participation, the necessary resources, risks and consequences for industry, the domestic
market and business. The development of proposals will contribute to the post-war structural restructuring of industry.
Keywords: mechanical engineering, state support, the state as an institution of power and resources, mechanisms and tools of
state support, revival of the internal market, mobilization economy.
Received by the editors: 04.10.2024
Reviewed: 24.10.2024
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