Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США
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| Опубліковано в: : | Український історичний журнал |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 1986 |
| Автори: | , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Українська |
| Опубліковано: |
Інститут історії України НАН України
1986
|
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214026 |
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США / І.М. Хворостяний, О.І. Ладивір // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 3. — С. 114-123. — укр. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860286133857943552 |
|---|---|
| author | Хворостяний, І.М. Ладивір, О.І. |
| author_facet | Хворостяний, І.М. Ладивір, О.І. |
| citation_txt | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США / І.М. Хворостяний, О.І. Ладивір // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 3. — С. 114-123. — укр. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Український історичний журнал |
| first_indexed | 2026-03-18T17:02:07Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
I. C. TypreHeBa, M. 6. CajiTHKOBa-lHeApiHa. «3apn» 6yj\a BH3H3Ha ypn-
aom « ihki'aahboio» i 3a po3nop«Ä>KeHH5iM OjieKcaHApa III 3aKpHTa b ahcto-
naAi 1886 p.
flponaraHAa i amauin, HKy Bejiw qAeHH «niBAeHHopocificbKoro poöiT-
HHHoro coK)3y» qepe3 3aco6n MacoBOi iH<})opMauii b 1880 — ciqHi 1881 pp.,
Biflirpajia 3HaqHy pojib y (JjopMyBaHHi nporpecHBHoi* rpoMaucbKoi AyMKH Ha
Ynpami. 3aBÄflKH Jx yqacTi y «3ape» uh ra3eTa crajia oahhm 3 nepeAO-
bhx jiera^bHHx BHAaHb 6ypx<ya3Ho-AeMOKpaTHqHoro nepioAy BH3BOAbHoro
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p03BHB3K)TbCH, y po3B*H3aHy iMnepiaAi3MOM HeöyBajiy 3a MacniTaßaMH toh-
Ky 03ÖpoeHb e OAHieio 3 HaÜ3Ao6oAeHHiiiiHx y cyqacHHfl nepioA. 3MiuHeHHH
nojiiTHqHoi Ta eKOHOMiqHoi He3ajie>KHOCTi moaoahx Aep>KaB A3ii, A(J)pHKH
Ta JlaTHHCbKoi AMepHKH (cepeA hkhx öiJibiiiicTb e no3aßAOKOBHMH) cynepe-
qHTb HaMipaM peanui Ahhx iMnepiajiicTHqHHx cha, HacaMnepeA CLJLIA, Ha-
B*H3yBaTH CBOK) BOJ1K) i IlOpHAKH 1H111HM HapOAaM. HAH TOTO, lUOÖ 3LHTOB-
XHyTH KpaiHH, IUO BH3BOAHAHCH, 3 HC3aJie>KHOrO LHAHXy p03BHTKy i niAKAio-
qHTH i'x ao CBoix arpecHBHHx 3aAyMiß, BamiHrroH He rpeöye 6yAb-HKHMH
MeTouaMH y cBoi'fi noAiTHui, 30KpeMa y AeAaAi 3pocTaioqHx MacniTaßax npo-
Aae i nocraBJine y ui Kpaihh pi3Horo pouy 03ÖpoeHHH. Ile HeraTHBHO no3Ha-
qaeTbCH hk Ha couiajibHO-eKOHOMiqHOMy 3pocTaHHi moaoahx AepwaB, Tan i
Ha nojiiTHqHOMy craHOBHiui y TOMy qH iHiuoMy perioHi, b CßiTi y uiAOMy.
Xoqa npoÖAeMH, noß’H3aHi 3 MiJiiTapH3MOM Ta tohköio o3ÖpoeHb y
KpaiHax, luo p03BHBai0TbCH, fl 3Hanui.iH BiAoópaweHHH b pnAi npaub paAHH-
CbKHX AOCJliAHHKiB, BCe >K OKpeMi IlHTaHHH, 30KpeMa, TOpriBAH 3 6poeK) HK
OCHOBHHH iHCTpyMeHT BTHTyB3HHH UHX KpaiH y TOHKy 03Öp0€Hb, HeraTHBHl
couiaAbHO-eKOHOMiqHi HacAiAKH ocTaHHboi aah hhx Ta AeHKi iHtui iue noTpe-
ÓyiOTb CBOTO BHCBiTAeHHH.
y AaHOMy nOBiAOMAeHHi pOÖHTbCH cnpoöa p03KpHTH pOAb TOpriBJli
36poeio y MijiiTapHCTCbKift i HeoKOAOHiaAicTCbKift noAiTHui CnoAyqeHHx
UlTaTiB AMepHKH 1UOAO Kpai'H, HKi p03BHB3K)TbCH, Ta HeraTHBHi HaCAiAKH
TaKOi* nOAiTHKH.
HacTyn iMnepiaAi3My CIUA Ha po3pnAKy cynpoBOAwyeTbcn iHTeHCHB-
HOK) rOHKOKD 036p06Hb, HK3 HeMHHyqe BTHrye y CBiH BHp BCe HOBi Aep>K3BH,
3aqinae KopiHHi iHTepecw i'x AaAbiuoro icHyßaHHH fl po3BHTKy. H a (J)OHi
TAOÖaAbHoi* CTpaTerii' iMnepiaAi3My uefl KyAbTHBOBaHHfl BiflcbKOBO-npoMHc-
aobhm KOMnAeKCOM npouec 6e3nocepeAHbo BnAHBae Ha no3aÓAOKOBi Kpai
HH, poÖHTb Tieio aöo iHiuoio Mipoio ix yqacHHKaMH floro, nocuAioe cynepeq-
HocTi Mi>K hhmh, 3arocTpioioqH thm caMHM Mi>KHapoAHy cHTyauiio.
n p o iHTeHCHBHe BTHryßaHHH Kpai'H, iuo po3BHB3K)TbCH, B npouec rOHKH
036p0€Hb AH Hie y Apyriö nOAOBHHi 70-X pOKiB nepeKOHAHBO CBlAHHTb 3po-
CT3HHH i'x BiflebKOBHX BHTpaT. TaK, 3 1975 p. AO 1980 p. BiflCbKOBi ÖK)A>KeTH
uhx Kpai'H 36iAbLUHAHCH Mafl>Ke y 3 pa3H — 3 30,5 mapa. ao 84 mapa. AOa .
(y nocTiflHHx uiHax 1978 p.). Pa30M 3 thm y toA >Ke nepioA Ix qacTKa y
CBiTOBHX BiflebKOBHX BHTp3T3X 3pOCAa 3 12% AO 16%. A TeMüH HapOIUy-
B3HHH BHTpaT Ha 03Öp0€HHH B Aep>KaBaX A3U, AcJjpHKH i JlaTHHCbKOl AMe
pHKH HaßaraTo nepeBHiuyßaAH cepeAHi TeMnn y CßiTi b uiAOMy *. 1
1 Kanim a JI. M., O eA opoß K). E. Pa3BHBaiomHecH cTpaHbi: nocJiê CTBua tohkh
BOopy>KeHiiH.— M., 1984, c. 23.
KpiM Toro, KpaiHH, mo po3BHBaiOTbCH, y AeAaAi 6iAbuiHx MacuiTaöax
OAepwyBaAH HaHHOßimi bhah i cwcTeMH 3ßpoi. R e n n i 3 hhx BnpHTyji HaÖAH-
3HJ1HCH ao MO>KjiHBoro CTBopeHHH BAepHoi 36poi‘. C(J)opMyBajiHCH neBHi reo-
rpacj)iMHi 30hh 3 HaA3BHqaHHO bhcokoio KOHueHTpauieio 3ÖpoHHHx chji i 03-
6poem>. Ao ix MHCJia BiAHocBTbCB HacaMnepeA BAH3bKHii CxiA Ta Tepmopin
A(J)pHKHt «Ka npHJinrae ao Hboro, a t3ko>k 30Ha riepcHACbKoi 33tokh. Ha
qacTKy Aep>KaB uiei rpynw Ha noqaTKy 80-x poniß npnnaAaAO BiA 40 ao 50%
BiA 3arajlbHHX BMCbKOBHX BHTpaT Kpa’iH, luo p03BHBaiOTbCB 2.
IcTOTHoro 3HaqeHHH y noAiraui CIJJA HaöyAO noAaHHB BiiicbKOBOi « ao-
noMorH» apaöcbKHM KpaiHaM. OcTaHHiM qacoM nocHAHAacb yßara BaiuiHr-
TOHa ao MapoKKO i TyHicy, TepHTopii bkhx po3rABAaiOTbCH hhm bk 3pyqHi
Aab MO>KAHBoro po3ropT3HHB aMepHKaHCbKHx « cha uiBHAKoro pearyßaHHB».
OßcBr nocTaBOK 030po€Hb CnoAyqeHHMH IÜTaTaMH uhm KpaiHaM aocbt y
1983 p. BiAnoßiAHo 100 i 140-mah. aoa. A BCboro y tomy poui b apaócbKi
Aep>KaBH CLUA nocTaBHAH pi3Hoi 36poi Ha cyMy 1 mapa. 815 mah. aoa.,
AeBOBa qacTKa 3 bkoi npHnauae Ha CrnneT — 1 mapa. 300 mah. aoa. 3
Pa30M 3 uhm CnoAyqeHi LÜTaTH AMepHKH BeAHKy yßary npHAiABioTb
HaßqaHHio BincbKOBoro nepcoHaAy apaßcbKHx KpaiH b paMKax nporpaMH
niAroTOBKH iH03CMHHX ßihCbKOBHx cneuiaAicTiß. Ueii bha «AonoMorH» y
1983 cj)iHaHCOBOMy poui aocbt cyMH 12 mah. 650 thc. aoa.4. BHTpaTH KpaiH,
mo po3TamoBaHi Ha BAH3bKOMy CxoAi, 3pocAH 3a nepioA 1971 — 1980 pp. 3
11,2 mapa. ao 37,9 mapa. aoa. 5 HaftöiAbLue aMepHKaHCbKoi 36poi y ubOMy
perioHi 0Aep>Kye l3paiAb.
y 70-i poKH Haöaraio 3pocAa yßara CLUA ao 3ohh riepcHACbKoi* 3a-
tokh, Ae iHTepecH BamiHrroHa cnraiOTb He AHLue HacJvroBoi c<j)epH. KpaiHH,
po3TauiOBaHi TaM, e aab hhx HaA3BHqafiHO BHriAHHM phhkom peaAi3auii
3Ópoi, mo npHHocHTb BiiicbKOBHM KopnopauiflM BeAHqe3Hi npHÖyTKH. Ha-
npHKAaA, y 1974 p. uhm KpaiHaM 6yA0 npoAaHo 3Ópoi Ha cyMy 6,4 MApA.
(60% ßiA yciei npoAaHoi CLUA 3Öpoi 3a kopaohom) 6, a y 1980 p. ub cvMa
AOCBTAa B>Ke 9,5 mapa. aoa. (80%) 7.
HaßiTb 3 BpaxyBaHHBM npHriHHeHHB BincbKOBHx nocTaBOK b IpaH nicAB
noßaAeHHB uiaxcbKoro pe>KHMy aoxoah CnoAyqeHHx UJiaTiB BiA TopriBAi
30pO€K) npOAOB>KyBaAH 3pOCT3TH. ÜOCHTb CKa33TH, LUO V 1979 p. TIAbKH
CayAißCbKa ApaßiB KynHAa ii b aMepHKaHCbKHx MOHonoAin Ha 6,5 MApA-
aoa. 8 y >KOBTHi 1981 p. CUIA yKAaAH 3 Heio HafióiAbmy b icTopii kom-
nAeKCHy yroAy Ha nocraBKy 03ÖpoeHb Ha cyMy 8,5 MApA. aoa., ueHTpaAbHe
Micue y BKiH 3ailMaAH 5 H3HH0BiLlJHX AiT3KiB-p03BiAHHKiB CHCTeMH ABAKC.
OCTaHHiMH pOK3MH aKTHBi3yB3AOCB CnißpOÖiTHHUTBO BailliHrTOHa ii 3 iHILI11-
MH apaÖCbKHMH Aep>K3B3MH FlepCHACbKOl 33TOKH.
BHKaqyßaHHK) BeAHqe3HHx cyM 3 ocraHHix cnpune iucnipoßaHa CnoAv-
qeHHMH IÜTaTaMH Ta iHiiiHMH iMnepiaAicTHqHHMH KpaiHaMh roHKa o3öpoeHb.
TaK, BiHCbKOBi BHTpaTH MOHapxiqHHX Aep>K3B riepcHACbKoi 33TOKH y P03-
paxyHKy Ha Ayiuy HaceAeHHB e Ha TenepimHiii qac HaiiBHiUHMH y cßiTi:
2400 aoa. — y CayAiBCbKoi Apaßii, 2100 — b OAE, 1700 — KaTapy,
1200 — KyseHTy i 1060 aoa. — OMaHy 9.
OAHaK 6AH3bKocxiAHHH perioH i paiioH riepcHACbKoi 33tokh AaAeno ho
€ahh3 30Ha, Ae roHKa o3ÖpoeHb HaöyBae ocoöahbo He6e3neqHoro xapaKTe-
py. nißAeHHa i IliBAeHHO-CxiAHa A3iB, IliBAeHb A(j)pHKH, UeHTpaAbHa Amc-
pHKa Ta AeBKi iHiui perioHH Tai<o>K e cBoepiAHHMH eniueHTpaMH Harpo\ia-
A>KeHHB 3ßpoi, Mi/KHapOAHOl nOAiTIiqHOl HeCTaÓiAbHOCTi, KOH(j)Ail<TiB 1* KpiI3.
2 Stocholm International Peace Research Institute Ua.ii SIPRI) Yearbook 1981,
Taylor and Francis Ltd.— London, 1981, p. 156—158.
3 Middle East Econ. Develop., 1982, 7 Mav, p. 3.
4 Ibid.
5 MnpoBaH 3K0H0MHKa ii Me/KAVHap. oTHomeHHH (aa.ii M3hMO), 1982, JV» II.
6 U. S. Arms to the Persian Gulf. Robert Berman, New York, 1983, p. 10.
7 Middle East Rev., 1978, vol. 11, Ns 1, p. 35.
8 Defence Monitor, 1981, vol. 10, JMs 4, p. 813.
9 A3hh u A(J)pHKa ceroAHH, 1983, Ns 7, c. 10—13.
y HHHilUHix yMOBaX OCOÖJIHBOrO 3H3HCHHH HaÖyBae ÜHTaHHH npo py-
uiiHHi chah roHKH 036poeHb y uhx perioHax. AaHe nHTaHHH nepeöyßae cbo-
roÄHi y ueHTpi rocrpoi noAiraqHoI Ta iAeoAoriqHoi ßopoTbßH.
rio^iTHqHi Aiaqi, TeopeTHKH Ta nponaraHAHCTH 3axoay HaMararoTbca
noKJiacTH BiAnoßiAa^bHicTb Ha Micjnquy «paAHHCbxy excnaHcix)» 3a 3arocr-
peHHH BOeHHO-nOJliTHHHOl CHTyauil B Kpa'lHaX, mo p03BHBaK)TbCH.
ripoTe HeynepeAHieHHH niAxiA AO aHajii3y npnqHH HecTaßiAbHOcri, koh-
(|)JliKTiB, KpH3 Ta CynyTHbOl 1M roHKH 030p06Hb TaM nepeKOHAHBO CBiAHHTb,
mo roAOBHOK) pymiftHOio chaoio Ha3B3HHX TeHAeHuifi e noAiraxa iMnepiaAi3-
My. CaMe ocraHHa cnpaMOBaHa Ha Te, mo6 aóepem i xpaiHH A3il, AcfjpHKH,
JlaTHHCbKoi AMepHKH y c(J>epi cBoro exoHOMiqHoro naHyBaHHa yciMa mojk-
AHBHMH CnOCOÓaMH, BKAlOqaiOqH H npHMe i HenpflMe BHKOpHCT3HHH BiftCbKO-
BOl CHAH; npOTHAlHTH p03BHTKy B HHX pCBOAIOUiHHHX npOUeClB, KOHCOAlAaUil
aHTiMnepiaAiCTHHHHx cha.
IhIUHM CnOHyK3AbHHM (j>aXTOpOM TOHKH 036p0€Hb B Ä3Ü', A<j>pHui Ta
JIaTHHCbKiH AMepnui e HaMaraHHH npaBAHWHx niA 3axoAy nepeKAacTH axo-
MOra ÖlAbUiy qaCTKy THrapa 36pOHHOl ÖOpOTbÖH 3 HauiOHaAbHO-BH3BOAbHHM
i peBOAiouiHHHM pyxoM Ha npoiMnepiaAicTHHHi «ueHTpn chah», mo <})opMy-
KDTbca y uhx perioHax. OcoÖAHBoro 3HaqeHHa ue HaöyAO nicaa nopa3KH
AMepHKaHCbKoI arpecii b iHAOKHTal.
HapomyBaHHio TeMniB tohkh o36poeHb y xpalHax, mo po3BHBaxm>ca,
cnpnae iMnepiaAicTHqHa noAiTHKa cxoAoqyBaHHa BiftcbKOBO-noAiTHqHHX
yrpynoBaHb. Tax, 3a ocTaHHi poKH BamimroH AOKAaAaB HeMaAO 3ycHAb ao
Toro, mo6 nepeTBopHTH Acouiauiio AepxoB niBAeHHO-CxiAHoi A31I
(ACEAH) 3 eKOHOMiqHoI opraHi3auiI y BificbxoBO-noAiTHqHHft 6aok, iiokah-
KaHHft npOTHCTOHTH KpalHaM lHAOKHTaiO, HKi CT3AH Ha COUiaAiCTHqHHH
uiAHX po3BHTKy. PeaxuiftHi chah iMnepiaAi3My npnAiAaioTb BeAHqe3Hy yBa-
ry niATpHMUi AHKTaTOpCbKHX pejKHMiB, mO CTaHOBAHTb BiftCbKOBO-nOAiTHH-
ny onopy HeoKOAOHiaAi3My.
Taxoio e ocHOBHa rpyna (JmxTopiB, mo npH3B0AHTb ao npncxopeHHa
TOHKH 036p0€Hb y KpaiHax, mo p03BHB3K)TbCa. Bei BOHH TiCK) aÖO 1HI110K)
Mipoio CTBOpKJKJTb BOCHHy 3arp03y AAH MOAOAHX ACpHOB 3 60Ky HeOKOAO-
HiaAi3My Ta peaxuiftHnx peatHMiB b A3ii, A^pnui i JlaTHHCbxift AMepnui.
Oa HHM 3 OCHOBHHX 3aC06iB BTHryBaHHH KpaiH, mo p03BHB3K)TbCH, y TOH-
Ky 036poeHb e aMepHKaHCbKi nocTaBKH 36poi, BiiicbKOBoT TexHiKH y ui xpai-
hh. CnoAyqeHi IllTaTH BHce öaraTO poKiß 3aftMax>Tb nepme Micue y excnop-
Ti npoAyKui! BificbxoBO-npoMHCAOBoro KOMnAeKcy. 06car uboro excnopTy
3a 70-i poKH 3pic 6 iAbm ax y 12 pa3iB, AOcarHyBiun b 1980 p. cyMH 17,3
■MAPA. AO A., 90% 3 HKOl npHIiaAaAO Ha XpaiHH, mo p03BHBai0TbCa 10. y
1983 p. CILIA npoABAH 36poi Ha cyMy 25 m a pa . aoa . 11 flpn ubOMy b iMnop-
Ti 03ÖpoeHb BiAßyBaioTbca ft BawAHBi axicHi 3MiHH, mo BeAyTb ao neBHiix
3pymeHb y BoeHHO-CTpaTeriqHiii CHTyauil y TOMy qn iHiuoMy periOHi, 36iAb-
meHHa rpomoBHx BHiuiaT AepacaBi-nocTaBHHxy.
Ilo-nepme, MOBa ime npo npHAÖaHHa xpaiHaMH, mo po3BHBaiOTbca, Haft-
HOBimnx bhaib 36poI, a He 3aAHiUKiB bo€hhhx apceHaaiB CUIA, hk ue 6y-
AO paHiuie. HanpHKAaA, axmo paxeTa «JlaHC» noTpanHAa y npoAaat qepe3
18 MicauiB nicAa CBoei po3po6xH, to BHHHmyßaq «F— 14» — qepe3 14 Mica-
UiB, cHCTeMH ABAKC — OAHoqacHo 3 lx HaAXOAJKeHHaM ao <J)opMyBaHb
BnC CnoAyqeHHX lÜTaTiB, a 33MOBAeHHa Ha BHHHmyßaq «F— 16» noqaAH
npHflMaTHca me ao 3axiHqeHHa iioro po3po6xn ,2.
Ilo-Apyre, Ha BiAMiHy BiA MauiHH ft oÖAaAHaHHa, o3ÖpoeHHa He 3aB%-
AH npoAaroTbca b xpeAHT. 3 k npaBHAO, bohh xynyroTbca 3a roTißxy a6o *
b oßMiH Ha HaftAe(})iUHTHimi TOBapn, mo noxaaAae Ha nAaTÜxm öaAaHCH
xpalH, mo po3BHBatOTbca, AOAaTKOBHft Tarap.
rio-TpeTe, Ha caMOCTiftHy i Taxy, mo mBHAKO 3pocTae, CTaTTK) naaTOxy
(ao 15% cyMH yroA) nepeTBOpioeTbca oöcAyroßyBaHHa xynAeHo! xpalHaMH, * 11 *
,# EH3Kec Ha noMouiH.— M., 1984, c. 148.
11 KoMC. 3H3MH, 1984, 20 HHB.
» MShMO, 1983, Ki 9, c. 22—35.
mo p03BHB3I0TbCH, CKAaAHOl 6OHOBOI TCXHiKH, HKe HeMOHtAHBe Ha IX BA3C-
HiH cjiaÖKifi TexHiqHift i KaApoBiA 6a3i Ta BHMarae HafiMy BiAcbKOBHx paA-
HHKiB Ta iHCTpyKTopiB 3-3a KopAOHy. HnceAbHicTb aMepHKaHCbKHx BiAcmco-
bhx cneuiaAiCTiB, HanpHKAaA, y CayAißCbKiA Apaßil CTaHOBHTb noHaA
30 thc. 13 14.
I HapeuiTi, 3HaqHi 3MiHH BiAßyAHcn b reorpa<J)iI eKcnopTyBaHHH 36pol
CnoAyqeHHMH IÜTaTaMH AMepHKH. Hkiao ocHOBHi nocTaBKH öohoboI Texni-
kh Ta BiHCbKOBoro cnopHA*eHHH y 1945— 1960 pp. Auiah 3bIath y 3axiAHy
fißpony Ta pHA iHiiiHx KpaiH, po3TauioBaHHX no nepnMeTpy kopaohib Coio3y
PCP, to y 60-x ponax TiAbKH TpeTHHa excnopTy aMepHKaHCbKoi 36poT npn-
naAaAa Ha AepxtaBH — machh HATO, «mepTb — Ha riiBAeHHO-CxiAHy A3iio,
0AH3bKO 10% — Ha BAH3bKHH CxiA U. 3rOAOM, HK yłKe 3a3HaqaAOCH, KpaiHH
Uboro perioHy Ta paftoHy riepcHACbKoi 33tokh nepeTBopHAHcn Ha HaA6iAb-
Hihx iMnopTepiB aMepHKaHCbKoi 36poi.
CnoAyqem Uh-ara AMepHKH po3rAHAaiOTb nocTaBKH 036poeHb i BiA-
CbKOBOl TeXHiKH HK OAHH 3 HaHBaWAHBilUHX eACMeHTiß CBOCl TAOÖaAbHOi
BoeHHoi noniTHKH Ta hk uiAKOM HeoöxiAHy CKAaAOBy nacTHHy cBoei BHyT-
pilUHbOl nOAiTHKH 1S.
HcKpaBHM npHKAaAOM uboro e nocTaBKH cynacHHx 03ÓpoeHb i BiAcbKO-
Bol TeXHiKH arpeCHBHHM npaBAHHHM K0A3M l3palAIO, paCHCT3M RAP, 4»aiHH-
CTCbKHM npaBHTeAHM HiAi, aHTHHapoAHOMy pejKHMy CaAbBaAopy, niApHB-
hhm eAeMeHTaM b p»Ai KpaiH niBAeHHoi Ta niBAeHHO-CxiAHoi A3il.
npoßiAHe Miene cepeA coi03HHKiB CILIA 3a oöchtom nocraBOK 036poeHi>
3aflMae IapaiAb. Be3 aMepHKaHCbKoi AonoMorn, HacaMnepeA 36poeio, 3a-
rapÖHHUbKa, arpecHBHa noAiTHKa uiel KpaiHH 6yAa 6 hcmojkahbohd.
l3palAb noqaB 3kthbho KopHCTyBaraca BiAcbKOBHMH «nocAyraMH» Ba-
miHrroHa 3 1948 p., to6to 3 nonaTKy cboto icHyBaHHH hk AepxcaBH. 3 kojk-
hhm poKOM o6cnr nocTaBOK 03öpoeHb TeAb-Aßißy 3pocTaB. npoTHroM 70-x
pOKiB CUIA npoAaAH l3paiAio pi3HoI 30poI Ha ÓiAbiu hk 8,5 mapa. AOa. 16
y 80-i poKH BiAcbKOBO-eKOHOMiqHa AonoMora CnoAyneHHx IIlTaTiB i3pai‘Ab-
cbKHM arpecopaM Ha6yAa me ßiAbuiHX MacniTaöiB. y 1984 p. o6cnr BiAcb-
KOBoro eKcnopTy 3 CHIA b tepaiAb ct3hobhb 2,5 mapa. aoa. 17 i 6yB HaA-
6iAbuiHM 3a MHHyAi poKH. y HacTynHOMy poni uh nntppa 3pocAa me Ha 300
MAH. AOA. 18
MiAiTapHCTCbKHA aneTHT TeAb-Aßißa nocTiAHo 3pocTae. npo ne CBiA-
qaTb pi3Horo poAy nporpaMH MOAepHi3ani'i i BAocKOHaAeHHH 36pohhhx cha
l3palAio, mo lx npHHMaiOTb npaBAHwi KOAa nie'i KpaiHH, cnHpaionHCb Ha niA-
TpHMKy CILIA. B cepeAHHi 1978 p. b npeci 3’hbhahch noBiAOMAeHHH npo Ta-
6mhhh nnaH niA h33Bok> «MaTMOH» («CKapß»). n i3Hime ct3ao BiAOMO, mo
BiH HBAHe C06010 10-pinHy nporpaMy ocHameHHH i3pai‘AbCbKOi bochhoI Ma-
111HHH cyqacHOio aMepHKaHCbKOio 36poeio. BapTe yBarn A Te, mo IT 6yAO
npHAHHTO oAHonacHo 3 niAnHcaHHHM cenaparanx KeMn-AeßiACbKHx yroA, mo
CILIA A3 AH OÖiUHHKy npOTHTOM AeCHTHpiHHH nOCT3BHTH TeAb-AßiBy 36pOK) i
6oAoßy TexHiKy Ha cyMy 22 mapa. aoa. 19 3riAHO 3 uieio nporpaMoio BCboro
l 3paiAb Mae OAepncaTH 250 AiTaKiB «F— 15» i «F— 16», Tany jk KiAbKicTb
BepTOAbOTiB, 2,5 thc. HaÜHOBiuiHx TaHKiß, 700 caMOxiAHHx rapMaT i ray-
6HUb, 8,5 thc. SpoHeTpaHcnopTepiB, 50 nycKOBHX ycraHOBOK «JlaHC», bcah-
Ky KiAbKicTb ihuioI TeXHiKH, HacaMnepeA paKeTHoi. KpiM toto, TeAb-AßiBy
nepeAaeTbCH (JiaKTHHHO bch HaAHOBiuia BiAcbKOBa TexHOAorin CnoAyqeHnx
IÜTaTiß 20.
13 X b o p o c t * hh4 I. M. ToHKa oaßpoeub— 3arp03a Miipy.— K., 1983, c. 11.
14 SIPRI Yearbook, 1982, p. 177.
18 SIPRI. Armements and Disarmement.— London, 1982, p. 9.
18 r i oKopMnK H. B. H3paHAb: KypcoM MHJiHTapHSMa h arpeccHH.— M.»
1982, c. 13.
17 Kpac. 3Be3Aa, 1984, 16 ceHT.
18 TaM »te.
18 Hecyn M. fl., UJanoiaaoB O. B. Iapal-nb i cTaBKa Ha Biitay.— K., 1983, c. 6.
40 riOKOpMHK H. B. yKa3. con., c. 15.
BaiuiMTOH po3iviHAae arpecHBHi aü bpaiVno Ha BAH3bX0My CxoAi i hk
B^ajiy Harówy aah BHnpoöyßaHb HafiHOBiuiHx BHAiß cBoei 3Öpoi. J \ o ocraH-
Hix Hajie>KaTb, HanpHXAaA, (j)occJ)opHi, xaceTHi Ta xyAbxoßi 6om6h, b pe3yjib-
Taii 3acTOcyBaHHH hxhx B>Ke 3arHHyjiH THcnqi AiOAeii. üo peqi, 3acrocyBaH-
HH T3KHX BHAiB 3ÓpOl 3aÓOpOHeHO >KeHeBCbXHMH KOHB6HLUHMH ßO 3aXHCTy
>KepTB BiHHH 2I.
CnißpoöiTHHUTBO l3pai'jiio i CLUA y BoeHHiii raAy3i Mae me oahh ac-
neKT, HKHii He mo>kh3 oöifiTH. KAeTbCH npo Te, mo TeAb-Aßiß, 0Aep>xyK)qH oc-
TaHHiM qacoM me h ÖAH3bxo 4 mapa. äoa. mopiqHo y BnrAflAi aMepnxaH-
cbKux KpeAHTiß Ta no>KepTByBaHb Ha 3axynißAio 03ÖpoeHb, AeAaAi óiAbme
npaKTHKye BAacHi nocTaBKH 3öpoi y xpaiHH, mo po3BHBaK)Tbca, i HaMa-
raeTbCH KOHKypyBaTH HaßiTb 3 CnoAyqeHHMH IÜTaTaMH 3a phhkh 3ÖyTy.
Tax, y 1980 p. oöcar excnopTy 3Öpoi 3 bpaiAio aocht 1,25 mapa. äoa., a y
1982 p. — nepeBHmHB 2mapa. Äoa., mo ct3Hobhao 40% ßiA ycix 30BHiuiHb0-
TOpTOBeAbHHX nOCTaBOK KpaiHH 22.
HacTynHHM 3HaqHHM iMnopTepoM aMepHxaHCbxoi 3Öpoi e üaxHCTaH.
CaMe AaAeKOCH>KHi BoeHHo-CTpaTeriqHi 33AyMH noAiTHKaHiß 3 BauiiHrrona
noHCHioiOTb ix BiABepTy CTaBKy Ha nocHAeHHH MiAiTapH3auii uiei Aep>xaBH.
CaMe uhm noHCHioeTbc« npoßeAeHHH ocTaHHiM qacoM neper aha BCboro kom-
nAexcy bIahochh CLUA 3 riaxHCTaHOM, mo 3aBepnjHBCH, nx bIaomo, yxAa-
AeHHHM yroAH npo noAaHHn IcAaMaöaAy aMepHxaHCbxoi AonoMorw y po3-
Mipi noHaA 3,2 mapa. Äoa. 23
3riAH0 3 uieio yroAoio CnoAyqeHi lÜTaTH nocraBAnioTb b uk) niBAeHHO-
a3iaTCbKy xpaiHy t3hkh «M —48», öpoHeTpaHcnopTepn, BepTOAbOTH Ta iH-
iny BincbKOBy TexHixy. /Inine npHAÖaHHn 40 AiTaxiß «F — 16» oöiHAeTbcn
IcAaMaöaAy b cyMy 1 mapa. 100 mah. aoa.24 3a CBiAneHmMH iHAincbxoi
npecn, oöcar uhx nocTaBox neperAHAaeTbcn y 6 ix 36iAbuieHHH 25. BAH3bxo
640 MAH. AOA. AOBeAeTbCfl BHKA3CTH üaXHCTaHy 3a AiTaKH-p03BiAHHKH «Xo-
xan »26, nxi nepeAÖanaeTbcn BHKOpHCTOByBaTH aah cTe>xeHHfl 3a naxHcraHo-
a(J)raHCbKHM kopaohom.
Bcboro y 1983 — 1984 pp. BamiHrroH nocTaBHB IcAaMaßaAy, 3a a 3hh-
mh 3axiAHoi npecn, ecMiHeub i AonoMi>KHe cyAHo, 5 BepTOAbOTiB, 21 bhhh-
myBaq-6oM6apAyßaAbHHK «F — 16», 50 TaHxiB Ta Aeaxy iHiuy öonoßy TexHixy.
IcHye AOMOBAeHicTb npo 3axyniBAio paxeT, AiTaxiB-po3BiAHHxiß Ta iHiiiHx
BHAiB CyqaCHHX O30pO€Hb 27.
ri0Ka30B0, mo BamiHrroH noAae pe>xHMy 3in-yAb-Xaxa AOCHTb BeAHxy
BincbKOBy AonoMory, He3Ba>KaioqH Ha 3axoH CLUA, hxhh 3a6opoHne nocTaß-
KH 3Öpoi KpaiHaM, Hxi, nOAiÖHO AO üaKHCTaHy, BiAMOBAJUOTbCH npHCAHaTH-
cn AO JloroBopy npo Hepo3noBCK)A>KeHHH aAepHoi* 36poi. KDpHAHqHi nepe-
iijkoah moAO Uboro 6yAH 3H«Ti y TpaBHi 1981 p. ceHaTCbxox) xoMiciex) no
3axopAOHHHx cnpaßax KOHrpecy CnoAyqeHHx UlTaTiß AMepnxH, mo, nocTy-
nHB 111 neb HaTHcxy BiAoro AOMy, npHHHHAa pe30AiouiK), nxoio BiAMiHHiOTbCH
OÓMOKCHHH Ha nOÄ3HHH BiflCbXOBOl AOnOMOTH ICAßMaÖaAy, He3Ba>KaiOqH Ha
Te, mo Taxi oömoxchhh 6yAH BBeAeHi xiAbxa poxiß Ha3aA xoHrpecoM Ha Tin
niACTaßi, mo üaxHCTaH npncTynHB ao CTBopeHHH BAacHoi HAepHoi 3Öpoi.
UiAxoM oqeBHAHo, mo 3HaqHHH noTix aMepHxaHCbxoi 3Öpoi npH3Ha-
qaeTbcn aah po3iuHpeHHH nocTaqaHHH 3öpoex) a^raHCbxoi xoHTppeBOAK)mi,
nepeTBopeHHH naxHCTaHCbxoi apMii b peaAbny 3arpo3y üeMoxpaTHqHifl Pe-
cnvÖAiui AcJ)raHicTan Ta Ihaü, npHAymeHHn BiiyTpiiiiHboi ono3Huii pe>KHMy
3iH-vAb-Xaxa.
Hx TiAbxn IlaxHCTaH noroAHBCH Ha (J)opMyBaHH5i Ha cboih TepHTopii
KOHTppeBOAiouifiHHx 6aHA npoTH ZIPA, CnoAyqeHi IÜTaTH OApa3y bhaIahah
21 A hb.: Me/KAVHapoAiioe npaBO b AOKyMemax: C6.— M., 1982, c. 734—794.
22 H e c y k M. fl., III a n o b a .i o b O. B. Ha3B. npaun, c. 8.
23 M3hMO, 1981, X« 10, c. 60—74.
24Shi r i n Tah i r - Khe l i . The United States and Pakistan.— New York,
1982, p. 108.
Kpac. 3Be3Aa, 1984, 13 MapTa.
26 M3hMO, 1981, JNfe 10, c. 60—74.
27 HoBoe BpeMH, 1984, JSTg 42, 12 okt.
HOMy aonoMory Ha cyMy noHaA 34 mah. aoa. 28. 3a aghkhmh abhhmh, Ha
1984 p. BaiuiHrTOH bhä^ hb 125 mah. aoa. Ha nuroTOBKy (JjopMyBaHb Aytu-
MaHiß (b ocHOBHOMy Ha 3a6e3neqeHHH ix 36poeio). KpiM Toro, ceHaT koh-
rpecy CUIA mopiqHO BHAiAne HOBi acnrHyßaHHH Ha TaeMHy AonoMory a(j)-
raHCbKHM KOHTppeBOJiiouioHepaM 29.
Po3iiiHpioK)HH BiHCbKOBe cnißpoöiTHHUTBO 3 IlaKHCTaHOM, aMepHKaH-
cbKHH iMnepia î3M HaMaraeTbc« 3aAHKa™ Ihai’ io. Horo po3paxyHKH 6a3y-
lOTbCH Ha TOMy, moö otohhth OAHy 3 npoßiAHHx Aep>KaB pyxy HenpweAHaH-
HH ßipHHMH fl CAVXHHHHMH HOMy BOftOBHHqHMH pe>KHM3MH, nUipBaTH 11
MHpHHii i He3a»ne>KHHH aoBHiujHbonojiiTHHHHn Kypc. 36i.TbiueHHH nocTa-
bok aMepHKaHCbKoi 36poi üaKHCTaHy npH3Bejio ao iiohbh TaM bo€hhhx
033 CIUA.
XapaKTepHO, mo neBHa qacTKa 3aKynoByBaHoi' 3Öpoi onAaqyeTbca iM-
nopiepaMH 3a paxyHOK KpeAHTiB, mo Tx HaAae MiHiciepcTBo (J)iHaHciß CUIA
3a yMOB rapaHTiü 3 6oKy üeHTaroHy. CaMe t3khm mhhom 3AiftcHiocTbCH
eKcnopT aMepHKaHCbKHx 03ÖpoeHb b KpaiHH ACEAH. UaHi 3a MHHyjii poKH
cßiAqaTb, mo ocTaHHi BHXOAHTb Ha oAHe 3 npoßiAHHx Micub no iwnopTy
aMepHKaHCbKoi* 3Öpoi i BiftcbKOBOi TexHiKH.
HanpHKiHui 70-x poniß BaiuiHrTOH nporoAOCHB Kypc Ha nocHAeHHH cbo-
ei npHMCTHocTi AO cnpaß y perioHi FliBACHHo-CxiAHoi A3ii. BiH poÖHTb Bce
Aah Toro, mo6 BTflrHVTH Aep>KaBH ACEAH b pycAO CBoei «BeAHKOi cipaTe-
riT» b A3ii\ TnxoMy Ta iHAiflcbKOMy oxeaHax, nparHe nepeTBopHTH ueft öjiok
y HCKpaßo BHpa>KeHHH BOCHHHH ajibHHC, oö’eAHaBWH floro niA cßoeio eriAoio
3 iHUIHMH KpaiHBMH, A3BH0 npHB*H33HHMH AO aMepHKaHCbKoi ßifiCbKOBOl
nojiiTHKH: flnoHieio, FÜBAeHHOio Kopeeio, AßCTpaAieio.
Oahhm 3 nepeKOHjiHBHx niATBepA>KeHb uhx naMipiß CUIA e npoAa>K
hhmh 30poI KpaiHaM ACEAH. 3 1974 p. no 1984 p. ocTaHHi 3aKynnjiH aMe
pHKaHCbKoi 3ßpoI Ha öiAbine hk 10 mapa. aoa. npnqoMy öiAbina qacTKa ui-
ei cyMH npwnaAae Ha 80-i poKH. ToAi >k 6yAO yKAaAOHo BeAHKy KiAbKicTb
yroA npo BiflcbKOBi nocTaBKH Mi>K CIUA Ta Aep>KaBaMH uboro ÖJiOKy. CepeA
hhx yroAH 3 Tai’jiaHAOM (cepneHb 1980 p.) Ha cyMy 58 mah. aoa., 3 CiHra-
nypoM (KBiTeHb 1981 p.) Ha cyMy 26 mjih. aoa. Ta iHini 30.
Po3rAHAaioqH TaiAaHA hk «npwc{)poHTOBy» AepwaBy, ocjjiuiftHi npeA-
CT3BHHKH CUIA nepeAÖaqaiOTb y BHnaAKy «HeoöxiAHOCTi» opraHi3yßaTH «no-
BiTpHHHli MiCT» Mi>K uiCIO a3iaTCbKOK) KpaiHOK) i 3MepHK3HCbKHMH B08HHHMH
6a3aMH Ha OiAinniHax aah nepeKHAaHHH b pafloH TaiAaHACbKO-KaMnyqift-
cbKoro KopAOHy aoa3tkobhx napTifl öofloßoro cnopnA>KeHHH. B 1984/1985
(J)iH3HcoBOMy poui BaiuiHrTOH BHAiAHB TaiViaHAy noHaA HO mah. äoa. y
BHTAHAi 3aÜMiB i KpeAHTiB, npH3HaqeHHX BHHHTKOBO Ha BiflcbKOBi nOTpeÖH,
y TOMy qwcAi ft Ha «niATpHMKy» KXMfcpcbKoi peaKuii31.
HaA3BHqaftHO Ba>KAHBHM (J)opnocTOM CBoei' BificbKOBOi npncyTHOCTi y
THxooKeaHCbKOMy perioHi CUIA BBa>KaK)Tb OiAinniHH. 3 tohkh 3opy IleHTa-
roHy, onopHi nyHKTH TaM HaóyBaiOTb ocoöahbo Ba>KAHBoro 3HaqeHHH hk
Tani, mo 3a6e3neqyiOTb «CTpaTeriqHy ruyqKicTb» aMepHKaHCbKHM 36poiiHHM
CHAaM Ta Tx AOCTyn ao InAiflcbKoro OKeaHy. y 1982— 1983 pp. CUIA BHAi-
AHAH MaHiAi 155 MAH. ÄOA., rOAOBHHM qHHOM y BUrAHAi BifiCbKOBHX Kpe
AHTiB 32.
XapaKTepHiiM aah noAiTHKH aMepHKaHCbKoro iMnepiaAi3My b FliBAeH-
HO-CxiAHifl A3ii € Te, mo OAHoqacHo 3 niAiHTOBxyBaHHHM Kpai'H ACEAH no
MiAiTapucTCbKOMv iiiAHxy BiH AOÓHBaeTbCH npaßa na AeAaAi óiAbuie bhko-
pncTaHHH TxHix TepuTopifl y cboTx CTpaTeriqHH.x uiAnx, HapomyßaHHn CBoei
BiflcbKOBoI npncyTHOCTi y UbOMy perioHi.
23 Defence Monitor, 1982, vol. 11, N» 3, p. 7.
29 Kpac. 3Be3Aa, 1984, 15 cem.
30 The International Institute for strategic studies: The military balance, 1981—
1982.— London, 1981, p. 117—118.
31 Kpac. 3Be3Aa, 1984, 15 anp.
32 A3hh h A(})pHKa ceroAHH, 1983, Ns 3, c. 6—9.
HacTiöHi cnpoÖH BauiiHiTOHa BTarHyra ACEAH b opßhy MiarrapHCT-
CbKHx npHroTyBaHb, nepeTBopHTH qaeHiB uiei Acouiauii Ha BHxoHaBuiB cbo-
el rereMOHicTCbKoi noaiTH XH 3aaTHi bhhahh3th cepflo3Hi HeraTHBHi HacaiA-
KH He TijIbKH RJlfl I"IiBAeHHO-CxiAHOi A3Ü, a Ö AAH BCix a3iaTCbKHX HapoaiB.
KpiM aorOBipHHX nOCTaBOK 030p0€Hb paay XpaiH, mo p03BHBai0TbCH,.
CIIIA nepeaaiOTb Im 3riaHO 3 nporpaMoio BiflcbxoBoi «AonoMorn» «6e3Bia-
naaTHO» ax aapyHOK Beanxi napTii 36poT. IIpoTe yTpHMaHHa aMepnxaH-
cbKHx BiäcbKOBHx iHCTpyKTopiß, nocTaBKH 3anacHHx nacTHH i öoenpHnaciß
ui KpalHH MaiOTb onaaqyBara caMi TBepaoio BaaiOTOX). ToMy bohh <|>axTHq-
Ho onHHHKJTbca y 3ajiejKHOcri Bia CnoayqeHHX IÜTaTiB, axi MoacyTb y 6yab-
hxhh qac npHnHHHTH nocTaBKH, HanpHKaaa, 3anqacTHH i thm cbmhm 3po6n-
th «noaapyHOK» 6e3AiaabHHM.
Kopnopauii BiftcbxoBO-npoMHcaoBoro xoMnaexcy CIIIA MaiOTb aoaaT-
KOBi npHßyTKH Bia npoaajxy cBoel npoayKuil 3a xopaoHOM. Bhhahhm aaa
HHX e, 30KpeMa, p03IUHpeHHH CepiilHOCTi BHpoßHHUTBa BifiCbXOBOl TexHlKH,
HacaMnepea thx THniB 36poI, mo flayTb Ha excnopT. Tax, IleHTaroH 3ao-
maawye Ha ubOMy 70 mah. aoa. Ha xo>xHOMy Miabapai, BxaaaeHOMy y bh-
POÖhhutbo. Te x caMe e xapaxTepHHM i aaa npHBaTHHx cJjipM, axi bhtcjtob-
aaiOTb 036poeHHa33. 3a aaHHMH iH03eMH0'i npecn, 4>ipMa HOPTPOFI bh-
nycxae, HanpHxaaa, cneuiaabHO Ha excnopT BHHHiuyßaqi «F—15». 30 xpaiH
B»e xynaan ix 1250 urryx. Ha qep3i BHnycx uiex) >x xoMnaHiero 1100 bhhh-
uiyBaqiB hoboi Moaeai «F—20», axi npH3Haqax>Tbca Ha npoaa>x xpaiHaM,
mo p03BHBaX)TbCa 34.
Po3ropTaHHa CIIIA Toprißai 36poex>, aHaai3 ii uiaeft i 3aBaaHb, aax)Tb
3Mory xoHCTaTyßaTH, mo BTaryBaHHa BaiuiHrroHOM xpaiH, mo po3BHBax)Tb-
ca, b roHxy 03ÖpoeHb fl niauiTOBxyßaHHa i'x ao xoH<|)poHTauii 3 CPCP Ha
caMnepea BeayTb ao 3arocTpeHHa MbxHapoAHoi cHTyauil, aecTa6iai3yx)Tb
CTaHOBHiue y pi3HHX perioHax CBiTy.
ToHxa o3ÖpoeHb i noB’a3aHi 3 Hex> exoHOMiqHi Ta couiaabHi Hacaiaxn e
peaabHOK) nepemxoaox) Ha uiaaxy po3BHTxy Moaoanx aepjxaB Aaii, A<J>pH-
XH i JlaTHHCbKOl ÄMepHXH. XUß 3aiflCHeHHH npaxTHqHHx 3axoaiß moao no-
ainweHHH exoHOMiqHoro cTaHOBnma xpaiH, mo bh3boahahch, noTpiÖHi Be-
auqe3Hi kouith. 3HaqHHM aatepeaoM thxhx xouiTiß nopaa 3 npunHHeHHBM
excnayaTauii 3axoaoM xoanuiHix xoaoHift Moxce cayjKHTH oöMeaceHHa, a
3roAOM ß nocrynoBe cxopoqeHHH 03öpoeHb Ta po336poeHHa.
Ilepea HapoaaMH xpaiH, axi nopißHHHo HeaaBHO bh3boahahch 3-nia
xoaoHiaabHoro ira, CToaTb riraHTCbxi exoHOMiqHi Ta couiaabHi 3aBuaHHa.
Bohh MoxcyTb 6yTH po3B’a33HHMH aurne b yMOBax tphbxoto MHpy, mo Mae
6a3yßaTHca Ha HaaiöHift 6e3neui Ta umpoxoMy B3aeMOBHriaHOMy cnißpoßiT-
HHUTßi Bcix aepaiaB.
KpaiHH, mo po3BHBax>Tbca, ax Haflöiabui caaöxa aaHxa y MiatHapoa-
HOMy noaiai npaui, HecyTb Haflßiabiuy qacTxy Tarapa 3araabHocßiTOBHx
BificbxoBHx BHTpaT. 3a aeaxHMH niapaxyHxaMH, uefl Tarap aaa hhx 6iab-
mHö, höx aaa iHaycTpiaabHo po3BHHyTHx aepaoB, y 3, 4 pa3a3S.
BeanqeaHi BHTpaTH MoaoaHX xpaiH Ha xynißaro 03ßpoeHb HeraTHBHO
BnaHBaiOTb Ha oßcar i CTpyxTypy ix 30BHiuiHboi Toprißai, no36aBaax)Tb (aöo
noMiTHO oÖMeacyxjTb) ix MO)xaHBOCTi bbo3hth HeoöxiaHi aaa po3BHTxy exo-
HOMixH MauiHHH Ta oÖaaaHaHHa, TOBapH aaa Hapoay. He raabMye ix co-
uiaabHo-exoHOMiqHHfl nporpec, He aae 3moth noBHox) Mipox) bhxophct3th
aocarHeHHa Hayxoßo-TexHiqHoi peßoaiouii. Tax, niapaxoßaHO, mo y cepea-
HbOMy xpaiHH, axi po3BHBaKm>ca, BHTpaqaxjTb Ha 03ÖpoeHHa y 5 pa3iß
öiabine xouiTiB, Hia< Ha ciabcbxorocnoaapcbxy TexHixy36.
BTaryBaHHa xpaiH, mo po3BHBax>Tbca, y roHxy 03ÖpoeHb nocHax>e ahc-
nponopuii b ixHifl exoHOMiui. Biflcbxoßi BHTpaTH 3a TeMnaMH 3pocT3HHa
33 MShMO, 1983, Ws 9, c. 25.
34 Kpac. 3Be3aa, 1984, 22 MapTa.
35 Hhb.: S i v a r d R. L. World Military and Social Expenditures.— Leesburg,.
1980, p. 17.
84 Joyce J. A. The War Machine.— New York, 1982, p. 160.
3HaqHo nepeBHiuyioTb BanoBHß HauioHaAbHHfi npoAyKT (BHI1) moaoähx
AepxaB. 3a ocTaHHi 20 poKiB ui tcmiih 3pocAH y 4,5 pa3a, y toh xe Mac hk
BHn — JiHiue y 3 pa3H. 3a nacTKOio x BHTpaT Ha MiAiTapHCTCbKi uijii
(6% BCbOrO BHn) KpaiHH, luo p03BHBai0TbCH, BXe OÖirHaAH KaniTaAlCTHH-
Hi AepxaBH 37.
He MOXHa oßiflTH yßaroio fl biijihb tohkh 03ÖpoeHb Ha HaynoBO-TexHiw-
hhä noTeHuiaA KpaiH, mo p03BHBai0TbCH. BiATflTHeHHH pecypciß y
HayKOBin i TexHiHHiß oÖAacTHX Ha BißcbKOBi uiAi e AOCHTb noMiTHHM hbh-
meM. AeMiAiTapHaauiH HayKH BiAxpHAa 6 ßiAbiu uiHpoxi MOXAHßocri äah
excnopTy y MonoAi AepxaBH hoboi TexHOAorii, AaAa 6 3Mory pi3KO p03uiH-
pHTH oßCHT HayKOBO-TeXHiMHHX AOCAiAHHUbKHX Ta IipoeKTHO-KOHCTpyKTOp-
CbKHx poöiT, mo npoBOAHAHca 6 cneuiaAbHO 3 HacymHHx npoÖAeM, HKi
BaxcAHBi aah uhx AepxaB.
3AiHCHeHHH nporpaMH p033Öp06HHH BlAKpHJIO 6 HOBi MOXAHBOCTi po3-
B’H3aHHH rocTpHx couiaAbHo-eKOHOMiMHHX npoöneM, HKi cTOHTb nepeA Kpal-
H3MH, 1UO p03BHB3I0TbCH, y TOMy HHCJli T3KHX, HK HarpOMaAXeHHH, p03UIH-
peHHH MicTKOCTi BHyTpiuiHboro pHHKy, JiiKBiAauiH 6e3po6iTTH fi HenoBHoi
3aHHHT0CTi, npHöopxaHHH iH^AHuii. Ha ui noTpeßH MOXHa 6yAO 6 bhkoph-
CT3TH OCHOBHy MaCTHHy HHHlUIHix BißCbKOBHX 6K>A*eTHHX aCHTHyBaHb Aep
xaB , mo BH3B0AHAHCH.
PaAHHCbKHÜ C0103, iHIüi KpaiHH COUiaAiCTHHHOl CniBApyJKHOCTi 6yAH ß
SaAHmaiOTbCH BipHHMH COK>3HHK3MH HapOAiB Ä3Ü, AcfipHKH i JlaTHHCbKOl
AMepHKH y ix öopoTböi 3a noBHe BH3BOAeHHH BiA ycix <j)opM eKcnAyaTauii
Ta npHrHOÖAeHHH. BoHH HeBnHHHO niATpHMyiOTb KOAeKTHBHi BHMOTH KpaiH,
mo p03BHBaK)TbCH, CnpHMOBaHi Ha AeMOKpaTH3auilO MimHapOAHHX eKOHO-
MiMHHX BiAHOCHH.
OcoöJiHBicTb niAXOAy couiaAiCTHMHHx KpaiH AO nepeöyAOBH eKOHOMin-
HHX BiAHOCHH y CBiTi BH3HaM3€TbCH THM, mO BOHH p03rAHAaiOTb UIO npOÖAe-
My y Hep03pHBH0My 3B’H3Ky i3 3araAbHHM CT3H0M MiHCHapOAHO-nOAiTHHHOrO
craHOBHiua y cywacHy enoxy, hk CKAauoBy uacTHHy icTopHwHoro npouecy
ABMOKpaTHMHoro nepeTBOpeHHH BiAHOCHH M ix AepxaBaMH. CaMe TOMy bohh
HaAaiOTb nepmopHAHoro 3HaqeHHH 3aBAaHHHM noßepHeHHH Ha mAHX po3-
pflAKH MixHapoAHoi HanpyxeHocTi, norjiHÖJieHHH uboro npouecy Ta npnnH-
HeHHH rOHKH 03ÖpoeHb HK HeOÖxiAHOl yMOBH 3a6e3neMeHHH MHpy, OCKiAbKH
JIHUie 3a MHpHHX OÖCTaBHH M0XH3 nAOAOTBOpHO p03B’H3yBaTH npOÖJieMH,
mo XBHAIOIOTb AIOACTBO.
Po3KpyqyiOHH MaxoBHK roHKH o36poeHb, iMnepiani3M xe HaMaraeTbcn,
30KpeMa, 3a6e3nenHTH coßi yMOBH, HKi AaiOTb 3Mory 6e3nepemKOAHO BTpy-
M3THCH y BHyTpimHi cnpaBH moaoahx AepxaB, 36eper™ cboI BificbKOBo-
CTpaTeriMHi, nojiiTHHHi Ta eKOHOMinm no3Huii b paßoHax, mo ßarari Ha ch-
poBHHy, npoAOBxyßaTH HeoKOAOHiâ bHy eKcnAyaTauiio npnpoAHHx i aioa-
cbKHx pecypciß uhx AepxaB, a t3kox ct3th Ha nepeuiKOAi BCTaHOBJieHHH
HOBoro MixHapoAHoro eKOHOMinHoro nopHAKy, 3acrtoBaHoro Ha noBHOMy i
6e3yMOBHOMy cyßepeHiTeTi KpaiH Ä3ii, A<J)pHKH Ta JlaTHHCbKOl AMepHKH
HaA CBoiMH npnpoAHHMH pecypcaMH. UlnpoKO nponaryioMH Micp «npo paAHH-
cbKy BoeHHy 3arpo3y», npHKpHBaiOHHCb A03yHroM ßopoTbßH 3 «MixHapoA-
hhm TepopH3MOM», CLUA oönAyTyioTb KpaiHH, mo po3BHB3K)TbCH, Mepexeio
BißcbKOBHx 6a3, HaMaramTbCH BnpnrTH ix y KOAicHHuio CBoei aHTHpaAHH-
CbKOi noniTHKH. Mltko npoerexyeTbCH fi nparHeHHH iMnepiaAi3My, HacaM-
nepeA aMepHKaHCbKoro, niAipßaTH cok>3 peBOAiouifiHHx cha, npoTHcraBHTH
HauioHaAbHO-BH3BOAbHHfl pyx cßiTOBOMy couiani3My, bthtth moao-
Ai AepxaBH y npoBeAßHHH arpecHBHoro Kypcy no BiApoAxeHHio « xoaoa-
HOl BiHHH».
TaKHM HHHOM, npOAOBXeHHH TOHKH 036p0€Hb yCKA3AK>€ eKOHOMWHe
craHOBHme KpaiH, mo po3BHBaiOTbCH, ocAaÖAioe HauioHaAbHi aycHAAH no
nepeßopeHHio ix BiACTanocri, nocHAioe BHyTpiuiHio coniaAbHy HecTaöinb-
HicTb i noAiTHMHy HanpyxeHicTb y hhx, nepem KOA*ae HaAaroA%eHHio iuh-
n ähb.: Cast ro F. The World Economic and Social Crisis.— Havana, 1983, p. 207.
y*p. Ict. otcypH., 1986, M 3 121
poKoro i KOHCTpyKTHBHoro Mi>KHapo^Horo cnißpoöiTHHUTBa, ÖJioKye Aeaid
noro (j)OpMH.
y npaBjiHHHx KOJiax óijibiiJOCTi Aep>KaB, mo po3BHBaioTbCH, 3pocTae po-
3yMiHHH Toro, mo nô iTHKa «aHTHpo3pHAKH», Hana ôK Ha cojiiAapmcTb
CoK)3y PCP 3 öopuHMH 3a couiajibHe i HauioHa.ibHe bh3boa6hhh 3aBAae
cepH03H0i lukoah cnpaßi 6opoTb6H HapoAiß 3a couiâ bHHH nporpec. LUoao
PaAHHCbKoro CoK)3y, to noro no3Huia ihoao KpaiH, «Ki bh3BOjihjihch, niTKO
c(J)opMVAbOBaHa Ha XXVII 3vi3Ai KI1PC, HacaMnepeA y hobüi peAaKuii* FIpo-
rpaMH napTii. BoHa 3BOAHTbcn ao toto, mo CPCP 6yAe ii HaAa.ii nocjiiAOB-
HO npOBOAHTH Kypc Ha P03BHT0K APy>KHI*X 3B*H3Kiß 3 UHMH KpaiHaMH, Ha
3MiUH6HHH COK)3y CBiTOBOTO COUiajli3My i HauiOHaJlbHO-BH3BOJlbHOrO pyxy.
CnwpaiOMHCb Ha niATpHMKy cßiTOBoro couiajii3My, iHiiiHX nporpecHBHHx
CHA, ÖiAbUliCTb K p a i H , mo BH3BOJIHAHCH, BHCTynae AeAaJli aKTHBHiliie 3a npH-
nHHeHHH roHKH o36poeHb, npoTH iMnepiajiicTHHHoi noAiTHKH AHKTaTy, 3a ne-
peßyAOBy Mi>KHapoAHHX bIahochh Ha piBHonpaBHiii, AeMOKpaTHHHifl ocHOBi,
3a cTBopeHHH HOBoro Mi>KHapoAHoro eKOHOMiqHoro nopHAKy Tomo. y ubOMy
bohh öaqaTb HaflBawjiHBimi yMOBH ix ycniiHHOi 6opoTb6n 3a 3Miu,H6HHH no-
AiTHHHOl He3aAe>KHOCTi, AOCHTHeHHH eKOHOMiHHOl CaMOCTi flHOCTi Ta COUiaAb-
Horo nporpecy.
A o yearM aBTopiB
«yKpaiHCbKMM iCTOpMMHHH >KypHä/l» npHMMäC pyKOflMCM B flBOX npMMipHM-
Kax y TäKOMy o6cB3i: CTani — flo 1 3bt. apK.f noBiAOMJieHH* — 20 cropi-
hok, 3aMiTKM — 12— 15, MaTepia/iM b po3Aifl «Haiu Ka/ieHAap» — 8— 10,
peLieH3ii — 6— 7, xpomKa Ta mcpopMauifl — 2— 3 CTopiHKM MaiUMHormcy.
MaTepia/iM MaiOTb 6 yTM HaApyKOBaHi nepe3 Aea imepBaJiM (BK/itonaiOMM
HayKOBHM anapaT).
Pei4eH3ii npMMMaiOTbCfl pa30M 3 pei^eH30BaH0K> khmtojo.
TPMBYHA MOJIOAOrO ABTOPA
M. r. T A P A H E H K O (K h T b )
YMACTb KOMCOMOJlbCbKO-MOJlOflDKHMX KOJ1EKTMBIB YKPATHPI
y BnPOBAA>KEHHI nEPEAOBOrO flOCBIfly
B CIJlbCbKOrOCnOAAPCbKE BMPOBHklUTBO
(1976— 1980 pp.)
OflHMM 3 rOJlOBHMX Hanp/IMiß 3AiHCHeHH5l ripOflOBOJlbHOI nporpaMH
CPCP € AOCflrHeHHJi bm cokhx TeMniß 3pocTäHHfl ci/ibCbKorocnoAßpcbKoro
BMpoÖHMUTBa Ha ocHOßi npncKopeHoro BnpoBaA>KeHH5i Aocßm eHb HayKM
h nepeAOBoro a o c b ia y *. BnpoBaA>KeHH»o i noLUMpeHHto nepeAOBoro Bnpoö-
HMHoro a o c b Ia y ße/iMKy yßary npMAiflflß B. I. JlernH. BiH po3r/iflAaß u k ) cnpa-
ßy 5ik HaAßßHMaHHO ßa>K/iHße 3äBAdHH$i, 3aK/iMKaß y Ae P >KdBHOMy MaciuTaói
ßecTM CMCTeMaTHMHy M pi3Ho6inHy nponaraHAy nepeAOBoro a o c b Ia y , Han-
Kpaini 3pa3KH 5iKoro Heo6xiAHO 3p o 6 mtm «npMK/iaAaMH, o 6 o b 'a 3kobmmm
A/ifl ß d x » 1 2.
JleHiHCbKi TeopeTHHHi no/ioweHH« m bmchobkm, npaKTHHHi peKOMeHAa-
uiT CTaHOB/iJiTb ocHOßy opraHi3aTopcbKOi po6oTM KoMymcTMMHoi napTM b ra-
/iy3i nponaraHAH m noLunpeHHA nepeAOBoro bmpoöhmhoto a o c b Ia y i ß
cynacHMX yMOßax. Kohkpcthm m c b Ia ^ohhbm uboro d a ß >ko b th 6 bmh (1984 p.)
ri/ieHyM 14K K n P C , Ha JiKOMy niAKpec/iiOBa/iocsi, mo BnpoßaA>*<eHHJi nepe-
AOßoro AOCßiAy c oahmm 3 Han Bane JiMBiuiMX cpaKTopiß 3AincHeHH5i nporpaMH
MeniopaLAii 3eMe/ibf Aa/ibujoro mABMmeHHfl ecßeKTMBHOCTi ci/ibCbKorocno-
AapcbKoro BMpoÖHMLiTBa 3.
Heoc/ia6Hy yßary LibOMy nniaHHio npnAinflioTb napTinm opram3auH Y k -
paiHM. Bohh nodiHHO A^aiOTb npo p o 3bm tok t b o p h o i imLiiaTMBM Mac, noLun-
peHHfl i noBCKDAHe 3acTOcyßaHH5i BCboro HOßoro, nepeAOBoro, nporpecMB-
Horo B ci/lbCbKOrOCnOAapCbKOMy BMpoÓHMUTBL B pOKM Ae c*TOT n'flTHpiHKH,
Mo6i/ii3yK3MH TpyAißHHKiß ce/ia Ha ycniujHe BMKOHaHH/i piiueHb X X V 3ri3Ay
napTii, JinnHeBoro (1978 p.) ri/ieHyMy L(K KI1PC, UeHTpa/ibHHH KoMiieT K o m -
napTii YKpaiHH, o 6 komm , MicbKKOMM, pömkomm napTiV, nepBHHHi napTopram-
3auii pecnyö/iiKM aKTMBHo cnpna/iM MacoßOMy po3ropiaHH»o pyxy TpyAißHM-
Kiß ce/ia 3d AOCflTHeHHfl BMCOKHX ypO>KaiB, HaMBMLAOI npOAyKTHBHOCTi Tßa-
pHHHMUTBa, 3HH>KeHHfl CObißapTOCTi npOAyKLJM, MaKCMMäJlbHe BHKOpMCTdHHB
TeXHiHHHX MO>KilMBOCTeH MaLUHH, CnpflMOBy Ba/lH 3yCH/1/151 KO/ieKTHßiß KO/1-
rocniß i paArocniß Ha AOdpoKOße BMKOHaHH« nr5unpiHHMx 3aßAaHb.
ripn 3ano3H M eH H i to to hh iH iu o ro HOßOßßeAeHHJi n a p T in m KO M iieTM Ha-
Mara/iMCß Tx MaKCMM a/ibHo KO H KpeTH3yßaTH , y 3roAHTM 3 M icueBM M M yM O B a-
mm, A eTa/ ii3yßdTH , AO H ecTH ochobhmm ix 3 M id AO 6 e 3 n o c e p e A H ix BMKOHaß-
u iß . A n « L ib o ro LünpoKO npaKTM KyB a/ iocfl n p o s e A e H H A c eM iH a p iß Ha 6 a 3 i
n ep e A O B H x r o c n o A a p c T ß , HayKOBO-npaKTMHHMx KO H C^epeH um , 3/ibOTiß, n e p e -
K/1HMOK yA ap H H K iß i HOBäTOpiß, 3aH51TTJ1 B CHCTeMi eKOHOM iHHOrO HaBHaHHfl,
LUKo/iax n e p e A O B o r o A o c ß iA y . H an p u K / iaA , y X ep co H C b K in 06/ ia d i JiMLue
y 1976 p . 6y/ io n p o ß e A e H o n o H a A 5 00 H ayKOBo-npaKTM HHHx Ta eKOHOMiMHMX
KO H CpepeH u in , b x o a i akmx Lu n p oK o BMCBiT/iiOBa/iHCJi n p o rp e cH B H i m cto am
n p a n i Ta o p ra m a a i^ u BMpoÖHHi^TBa 4.
1 ähb.: npoilOBO.ibMa nporpawa CPCP na riepioa ;io 1990 pony i 3axoan no H pea-
.ii3auil: MaTepia^H TpaB. njienyMV UK KriPC 1982 p.— K., 1982, c. 30.
2 JI e h i h B. I. ripoMOBa npo cKOHOMimii oprann Ha Micuax Ha III cecii BUBK
30 TpaBHH 1921 p.— rioBne 3i6p. TBopiB, t . 43, c. 321.
3 ripaBAa, 1984, 22 okt.
4 nA Iin npn UK KoMnapTM YxpaiHH, ({). 1, on. 32, cnp. 1144, apn. 70.
yKp. icT. MijpH., 1986, M 3
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-214026 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0130-5247 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-18T17:02:07Z |
| publishDate | 1986 |
| publisher | Інститут історії України НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Хворостяний, І.М. Ладивір, О.І. 2026-02-19T10:03:28Z 1986 Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США / І.М. Хворостяний, О.І. Ладивір // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 3. — С. 114-123. — укр. 0130-5247 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214026 uk Інститут історії України НАН України Український історичний журнал Повідомлення Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США Торговля оружием как средство империалистической политики США Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США Хворостяний, І.М. Ладивір, О.І. Повідомлення |
| title | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США |
| title_alt | Торговля оружием как средство империалистической политики США |
| title_full | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США |
| title_fullStr | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США |
| title_full_unstemmed | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США |
| title_short | Торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики США |
| title_sort | торгівля зброєю як засіб імперіалістичної політики сша |
| topic | Повідомлення |
| topic_facet | Повідомлення |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214026 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hvorostâniiím torgívlâzbroêûâkzasíbímperíalístičnoípolítikisša AT ladivíroí torgívlâzbroêûâkzasíbímperíalístičnoípolítikisša AT hvorostâniiím torgovlâoružiemkaksredstvoimperialističeskoipolitikisša AT ladivíroí torgovlâoružiemkaksredstvoimperialističeskoipolitikisša |