Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1)
Saved in:
| Published in: | Український історичний журнал |
|---|---|
| Date: | 1987 |
| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
| Published: |
Інститут історії України НАН України
1987
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214049 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) / Я.Ф. Жмаченко // Український історичний журнал. — 1987. — № 11. — С. 142-147. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860278165101871104 |
|---|---|
| author | Жмаченко, Я.Ф. |
| author_facet | Жмаченко, Я.Ф. |
| citation_txt | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) / Я.Ф. Жмаченко // Український історичний журнал. — 1987. — № 11. — С. 142-147. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Український історичний журнал |
| first_indexed | 2026-03-15T11:33:40Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
d u m
LUJIflXOM BEJlMKOrO WOBTHfl
ÄBTOp npOnOHOBdHHX MMTäMäM «YKpaiHCbKOTO iCTOpMMHOrO >KypHdJiy»
cnorafliß niflno/iKOBHHK y BiflCTaBąi 9\k \b cpeoflocmoBHM >KMaMeHKo npoM-
LUOB c/iaBHHM >kmtt€bmh LU/151X. Floro TpyAOBa 6iorpac£ifl p03n0Ma/iaC51 B
1915 p., ko/in x/ionu,eBi jieflb MMHyno 13 poKiB. B/iiTKy 1918 p. ßiH 6paß
ynacTb y BceyKpaiHCbKOMy crpaMKy 3a/ii3HMMHMKiB. Y 1919— 1922 pp. npa-
L̂ iOBaB ceKpeTapeM ci/ibpeBKOMy, cewpeiapeM KOMiTeTy óIahotm, bokdböb
3 6aHflMTaMM y CK/iaßi nacTMH oco6/iMBoro npM3HaMeHH$i. Y 1921 p. Bdy-
nHB y KOMCOMOJi. B 1925 p. nifl nac cnymS* b apMii (2-m HepB0H0K03aMMM
nojiK) npMMHflTHH KaHflMflaTOM, a b 1927 p. — HJieHOM BKn(6). TpMBa/iMM
Mac npaufOBaB y CMCTeMi ci/ibrocnKoonepaAH, 6paß aKTMBHy ynacTb y ko-
/ieKTMBi3ai4ii ci/ibCbKoro rocnoflapcTBa. 3 cepnHfl 1941 p. — Ha (JjpoHTax
Be/iMKOi BiTMH3Hj»HOi bImhm. MßepTb CTO/iiTTfl npoc/iy>KHB ßiH y ziaBax PaflAH-
cbKOi ApMii. HaropoflweHMM opaöhom BiTMM3H«HOi BiPiHH II cryneHfl, abo-
Ma opA^HaMM HepBOHOi 3ipKM Ta TpMHaAAflTbMa MeAanaMM.
CrapujMM 6paT 5)kob3 cpeoAodMOBMMa — riM/inn COeoAoriMOBMM >KMa-
MeHKo (1895— 1966 pp.), npo jikoto öaraio po3noßiAaeTbCfl b amx cnora-
Aax, — bIaommm bincbKOBHH a *«h# reHepa/i-no/iKOBHMK, Tepon PaA»HCbKoro
CoK)3y.
He3Ba>nałOMM Ha noxM/iMM ßiK, 9\k \b cpeoAociMOBMM 6epe aKTMBHy ynacTb
y BincbKOBO-naTpioTHMHiM p o 6oTi cepeA mojioai, 3a lao 14boro poKy 6yß
HaropoAweHMM TpaMOTOK) ripe3MAii BepxoBHoY PaAM YPCP. BiH — M/ieH
BincbKOBO-HayKOBoro TOBapncTBa npn ßyAMHKy ocpiuepiß HepBOHonpanop-
Horo KniBCbKoro BiMCbKOBoro OKpyry, M/ieH paAM BeTepaHiß napTii fle-
MepcbKoro panoHy m . KneBa, 3acT. to/iobm paAM BeTepaHiß HepBOHoro
K03au,TBa.
PaAflHCbKMM HapoA, yce nporpecMBHe jiloactbo BiA3HanaiOTb Aboro
poKy cjidBHMM »Oßi/ieM — 70-piMMfl Be/iMKoro >Kobtha — noAii» flKa CTa/ia
nepe/iOMHOKD y cbItobIm icropiT.
fl/151 MßHe OCo6mCTO KDBi/ieMHMM piK 3HaMeHHMM LAe M TMM, LAO ßiH
36irCJ1 3 MOIMM B/iaCHMMM K)Bi/ieflMM -- 85-piMMJIM 3 AH« HapOA>KeHHfl Ta
60-piMMJiM nepeöyßaHHfl y Jiaßax piAHOi KoMyrncrMMHoT napTii. C>3Mpaio-
MMCb Ha npOMAÖHMM LUJlflX, 3aAyMyłOCb HaA CBOIM >KMTT5!M. Y HbOMy, HßMOB
y Kpan/iMHi, BiAA3epKanK)€TbCfl >kmttji moto noKOJiiHHfl, po36yA>KeHoro Be-
jiMKMM >KoBTHeM, BMxoBdHoro napTicK) JleHiHa.
Bce MeHiue Hac, mma 6oftoBa K>HicTb npnna/ia Ha 6ypeMHi peBO/iKx̂ iMHi
pOKM, 3a/1MlliaCTbC51 B CTpOK). To >K MM He HailJ BeTepaHCbKMM o6ob'a3ok
nepeAaTM HacTynHMM noKoniHHj im CBm noTOM i Kpoß'io HaöyTMM aocbIa ,
>KMBMM C/IOBOM OMeBMAA« p03n0ßiCTM MOJIOAMM npo Te, LAO BOHM 3HätOTb
JiMLue 3 xyAO>KHboi JiiTepaTypn, KiHOCfDi/ibMiß Ta LUKiiibHMx niApyMHMKiß. A
p03n0ßiCTM € LAO...
HapoAMBC5i b 1902 p. b ce/ii Morn/ibHOMy OßpyAbKoro noßiTy Bo/imh-
cbKOi ry6 epHu (hmhI — c. flojiicbKe KopocTeHCbKoro panoHy >Kmtommp-
cbKOi 0 6 /iacTi) y b6 oHm TpyAOßin ce/iflHCbKiM poAMHi. Min a »A HmkmcJdop
HCManeHKo 3a 6 yHTapcbKMM xapaKTep Ta BMCTynM Ha 3axncT CKpMBA>neHMx
6 yß ßiAAöHMM Ha 25 poKiB y cojia^tm, 6 paB ynacrb y KpMMCbKin BiMHi, bIa -
3HaMMBCfl b CeBacTono/ibCbKin o6 opoHi 1854 p., 3 a lao MOMy 6 y/io cko-
poMeHo CTpoK c/iy>K6 M, i noKa/iiMeHMM niLUKM noBepHyBCfl A °A °My* 3eMe/ib-
Horo HaAixiy ßiH He OAep>naBf i cIm 'a 6 y/ia npnpeMeHa Ha 3/imahl
Hac y 6aTbKiß — cDeoAoda HMKMCpopoBMna Ta Ebaokm JlyK'5iHiBHM —
6yno AecflTepo, a/ie bmwhjim Ti/ibKM neTBepo: 5i, crapujMM 6paT nnjinn, mo-
/ioalumm — Bacn/ib Ta cecrpa Mapifl. PeiuTa A'TeM noBMMpann ManeHbKMMM
b Ia xßopo6.
B ce/ii naHyBa/ia Manwe cyi î/ibHa HenncbMeHHicTb. nepma TpMKnacHa
lUKO/ia BiAKpn^acfl TyT JiMUue b piK moto HapoA>neHHJi. Y 1905 p. 11 ycniiu-
HO 3aKiHHMB CTapUJMM 6päT riH/lHn, 51KMM i CTdB y HaiJjiM pOAMHi nepUJMM,
xto HaBHMBCfl rpaMOTM. HaBHaHHfl npo6yAnno y Hboro Be/iMKy oxoTy ao
HMTäHH«. OAHaK A'CTaTM B MoTH/ibHOMy 5wycb Jiiiepaiypy 6yno b tom Mac
HeMOHCJIMBO. riäM'flTaK), LAO eflMHOK) KHM>KKOK) B HdLLliM XaTi 6yB «Ko63äp»
T. T. LUeBMeHKa. MaTH 36epira/ia moto 3a iKOHoio. KHM>KKy Macro MMTann i
nepeHMTyBa/iM. llocnyxaTM Bipnii ynio6neHoro noeTa npMxoAMJiM ao Hac
ciJibCbKi xnonAi Ta A'B^aTa, cyciAM. rionyM'5iHe c/iobo Be/iMKoro Ko63apfl
r/iMÖOKo 3anaAa/io b cepi^a, KnMKano ao 6opoTb6M, Bcenano Häflino, lao He-
AaiieKMM TOM Mac, KOZIM TPYAOBMM JIKDA 3a>KMBe maCJlMBMM >KMTT51 M «B
cIm ' i BO/ibHin, HOßin». BoicTMHy T. T. LUeBMeHKo ctöb fl/ia Hac nepiuMM
yMMTe/ieM. 3aBA*KM 3HanoMCTBy 3 moto noe3ic»o mm BMpa3Hioje 6aHM/iM i
r/iMÖiue HeHaBMAi/iM Ty KpMHymy coi îa/ibHy HecnpaBeA/iußicTb, lao 3ycTpi-
HäJiaCfl Ha KOMHOMy KpOl4i.
Kpauj,i 3eM/ii Ha/ie>Ka/iM nOMiiAHKaM i Kypwyn5iM. Ci/ibCbKa >k 6iAHOTa
3MyLuena 6yna rHyTM cnMHy Ha hmx i He Mana hIakmx npaß. Y Hacf y Mo-
TMJIbHOMy BepXOBOAHB BO/lOCHMM CTäpiUMHä K. SäLUMHCbKMM. U,eM TJlMTaM,
npo3BdHMM y HapoAi Jlanoio, bo/ioaIb cothamm reKTapiß HdMKpaiAHX yriAb
i TpMMaB y CBOix «zianax» ycix ce/iflH. riaM^Taio, npMi3AMB BiH ao uepKBM
3äB>KAM b KapeTi, ropAOBMTo TäK CMfliß, a ao Hboro noKipHO niAXOAH/iM
öiAHBKM i Ai/iyBa/iM MOMy pyKy... 3toaom, y nepmi poKM PaA*HCbKOi BnaflM,
Mem BMna/io b35itm ynacTb y po3KypKyn»OBaHHi BaLUMHCbKoro. ripaAioiOMM
b KOMiTeTi 6iAHOTM, 5i ocoSmcto po3Mip5iB noro 3eM/iK) An« nepeAaMi II
He3dMO)KHMM Ce/151HaM.
JXo peBO/iK>AM Hepea Harne ceno, 5iKe 3HaxoAMnoc5i 3a 10 Ki/ioMeTpiB
bIa KopocTeH5i, npoxoAHB lumpokmm ao p>K3bhmm lujijix OAOca— rieTep6ypr.
TyT >ne cT05Uia eTanHa TiopMa, oÖHeceHa bmcokmm 3a6opoM i3 3arocTpeHMX
KO/lOA, 3 KOBdHMMM ABepMMa i 3a/ll3HMMM rpaiäMM Ha BiKHaX. M m, AITM, Mac-
TO 6aHM/lM, 51K no LUJ151Xy THa/lM 3aKyTMX y KäMAäHM apeLUTäHTiB, 51K 33BOAM/1M
ix Ha Hin/iir y ak> TiopMy... Po3noßiAaK>Tb, lao Mepe3 Hei npoMwno 6araTO
nO/liTMHHMX Br513HiBf y TOMy HMC/li fle51Ki AOKa6pMCTM...
naMf5iTaK), noce/iM/iac5i b ceni c'im '* Byp5iKOBMx — 6aTbKO, mstm i Tpoc
cmhIb: CPeflip, TpHropin i Ka/iMHa. flpMixa/iM bohm b Morn/ibHe tmxo, Heno-
MiTHO. Ha XyTOpi 3in'51/lM HeBenMKMM 6yAHHOMOK, BJläLUTyBdJlM MaMCTepHłO
Ann peMOHTy pi3Horo ce/i5iHCbKoro HaMMHH5i. Xto bohm 6ynn i 3bIakm, Ann
Bcix 3a/iMLuajioc5i TacMHMAeio. JXo ce/i5iH ui jik>am cTaBM/inca yBancHO, a/ie
Ay>Ke b po3MOBM 3 HMMM He BCTyna/iM. Y Byp5iKOBMX 6y/ia xopoLua 6i6nio-
Tena i ąe npMBe/io ao Tx oceni moto 6paTa riM/iMna, 5ikmm 3APY>kmbc5i 3 mo-
JIOAUJMM Byp51KOBMM---Ka/IMHOK).
B HaiuiM xaTi, 51K 51 B>ne roBopMB, BenopaMM 36Mpa/iMC5i jik>ah — noc/iy-
xaTM Bipiui, noroMOHiTM. TIpmxoahjim m 6paTM Byp^KOBM, iHOfli HäBiflyBa/iaca
IXH5I MäTM... 51 KO Cb 51 BMndAKOBO HaTKHyBCfl Hä TOpMLAi Ha 3TOpTOMOK 3 KHM-
raMH, 3acyHyTMM y CHonn. 51k 3r5icyBa/ioc5i ni3Hiuje, ue 6yna 3a6opoHeHa
/liTepaTypa, 3axoBaHa y Hac.
O ahoto ah5i, 6yno Ae b 1911 p., no ceny npoKOTMnac5i nyTKa: KiHHa
>KaHAapMepi5i OTOHMna bhohI Ha xyTopi öyahhohok BypjiKOBMx i 3HäMLuna
moto nycTMM, ßiKHa 6ynn 3a6nTi. TocnoAapi TacMHo 3HMKnn, ane Konn m
KyAM,---HiXTO He 3H3B... y>Ke B poKM rpOMaAflHCbKOl BiMHM CTanO BiAOMO,
Lao Ae 6yna ciMr5i peBoniOAioHepiß, 5ma npnTxana 3 fleTep6ypra.
Y BepecHi toto >k t3km 1911 p. y 3Br5i3Ky 3 ySmbctbom y KmcbI Cto-
nnniHa nepe3 KopocreHb npoi3AHB iMnepaTop MnKona II 3i cboim nomoM.
Hac, iuKon5ipiB, Ha3BanM «noTiuiHMMM» i noBenn 3ycTpinaTM «Aap5i-6aTtoLu-
Ky». llaM'nTaK), 5Ik HanepeAOAHi ujei noAii Ao Hac y Aßip npnixaB npMCTdB
i HaKd3aB SpaTOBi hIkyah He BiA/iynaTMC5i i3 cena, npMrpo3MBiiiM 3a Heno-
ytcp. icT. otcypn1987. M i l 143
cziyx apeujTOM. Tpoxn 3 ro A O M a o 6aTbKa 3äMiuoB cizibCbKMM ciapocTa Ba-
CH/ib KpaBH yK i LAe p a3 noBTopMB uePi HaKa3.
---- A HOMy U,e M O€M y CMHOßi 3ä 6opOHflK)Tb ßizibHO XOAMTM?---- 3anHTaB
Ö a T b K O .
— Bo ßiH y T e6e flO B r o r o A3MKd M a e , — n o n yzio cA y B ifln oB iA b...
rin/iMn p a H o n onaB npau»OBaTM n o HaMMy — Ha Jiic o p o 3 p o 6 K a x f Ha 3a-
/ii3HML î, a © b Ih po3BaHTa>KyBaB ByriziziA, Ta iHLUHx po6o iax . HaBecHi 1915 p.r
kozim Mem cnoBHMziocn TpMHaAL^BTb, nonaB npauKDBaTM i a . BpaT BziaujTy-
BaB MeHe niACOÓHMM poóiTHMKOM y 6pnrafly no yKziaAaHHio Kozim. 3a
40 KoninoK Ha AeHb a o b o a m z io c a TpyAMTMCA b Ia 3opi a o 3opi (oÓMeweHb
A mtahoi npaL^i He 6yzio >k o a h m x ). CTOMZitoBdBCA CMepTezibHO. CaM 6paT
npauiOBaB Ha 3acnnaHHi kozi in 3a 65 KonmoK Ha AeHb. TpanziAziocA, lao po-
óiTHMKiB cepeA Honi BMraHAzm 3 SapaKy Ha no3aneproBi poSoTM. O a h o t o
pa3y bohm 3anpoTecTyBaziM npoTM TaKOi CBaBOzii HanazibCTBa. HaMÖizibiue
oóypłOBaBCfl rinziMn. 3a i\e noro noönziM i 3anpoTopMzm Ha 5 a «6 b apem-
TaHTCbKy.
15 TpaBHB 1915 p. 6paT, AKOMy MMHyB Aeß'ATHaAABTMM piK, 6yB MOÖi-
/ll30BdHMM B apMilO i HdnpaBZieHMM y nOHTOHHMM ÖäTaZlbMOH, LAO rOTyBäBCfl
A ZI fl BiAnpaBKM Ha (ßpOHT. TyT Bm 3APY>KMBCfl i3 COZIAöTOM K o ctah tm h o m
M aKCMMOBMHeM C m m p h o b m m — cziłocapeM 3 n e ip o r p a A ä r 6izibwoBMKOM-
niAnizibHMKOM, akm m , 3a cziOBaMM caM oro 6paia, cnpaBMB bczimkmm BnziMB
Ha cpopMyBaHHfl noro noziiTMHHMX norziAAio.
y ziłOTOMy 1917 p., OAep>KaBLUM TMWHeßy BiAnycTKy, rinzinn HecnoAi-
BäHo npMixaB 3 cf)poHTy AOAOMy. HeMO>KZiMBo nepeAaTM, a k m m Bei paAizin
3ycTpini 3 h u m . B tom nac y HaiuoMy cezii CTOflzia apMmcbKa nacTMHa. B Ti
CKziaAi 6yzio 6 a ra io ocf)iAepiB. Bohm 3i6paziMCfl 3 flKorocb npMBOAy b Ha
mm xaii. 3a ciizi 3anpocMzm m 6 p a ia — coziAaTa-cßpoHTOBMKa. C epeA ocpi-
Aepiß 3anmzia MOBa npo Te, lao Ha cßpoHTi naAae AHCAMnnma, nocnziLO-
HDTbCfl He3Aopoßi ABMULia, 3pocTae Henocziyx coziAaiiß. Yci cxoam zim ca Ha
TOMy, Luo nopa b >kmtm HaMpimyniiUMX 3axoAiß a o BMnpaBzieHHfl CTäHOBMiAä.
BpaT cnonaTKy cziyxaB ui 6aziaHKM m o b h k m , a t o a > niAßiBCfl i cxBMzibOBaHO
3aroBopMB: «Bami öziaropoAia, bm HecnpaBeAziMBi a o c o z ia b t Ib . Bohm HecyTb
Ha co6i Becb Tflrap b Imhm, AKa HaópnAzia im a k ripKa peAbKa. Co/iAaTM He
öanaTb m c t m , 3a AKy bohm noBMHHi BMMpaTM, Ha KOWHOMy Kpoui 3ycrpi-
naHDTbCfl 3 HecnpaBeAziMBicTK) Ta npMHMHceHHa m m 3 6oKy ocpiAepiB. floß ro
TaK TpMBdTM He MOJKe. B m nOBMHHi Ae 3p03yMiTM».
— riaHOBe, Koro m m cziyxaeMO? — rpiOKHyB KyziaKOM 06 CTizi o a h h 3
oc^iuepiß. — riepeA HäMM 6izibmoBMK — npoBOKaTop. flponoHyio 3aapem-
TyBdTM moto i BiAAaTM niA cyA!
riMZIMnOBi HaKä3aZlM npeArBBMTM AOKyMeHTM npo 3BizibHeHHA. MäTM M
ÖaTbKO KMHyziMCA B HOTM ocpiAepaM, czii3HO BMOBziflłOMM ix He apemTOByBaTM
CHHä... C k Ihmmzioca t m m , lao nnzmna 6yzio HeraMHo BiAnpaBZieHO b moto
MacTMHy. npM AbOMy ocßiAepn norpo>KyBaziM HaAicziaTM BiAnoBiAHMM A°Ky-
MeHT a ^ b BiAAani 6paia niA TpnóyHazi. He 3Haio, hm b m k o h 3zim bohm a k )
norpo3y, azie flklao HaBiTb i BMKOHaziM, to Ae B>Ke, Ha labcta, He Mano
3HaneHHA: HanpMKiHAi zilototo 1917 p. peBoziłOA^HMM BMxop 3Miß AapcbKe
cdMOAep>KdBCTBO. rioHMHdziMCA noAii, «Ki B KiHAeßOMy niAcyMKy nepeBep-
HyziM Becb yKziaA >kmtta Hamoi KpaiHM...
>Kazib 6yzio, lao 6paTOßi He a o b c z io c a noöyTM KizibKa Aniß y piAHm
ocezii. M m t o a i Bnepme noöanMziM moto t b k m m c m Izimbm m i pimyHMM, x o h ,
3BMHdMHO, He MOTziM 3HaTM, lao npoMAe zmwe KizibKa AHiß, i 3 6epe3Hfl
1917 p. ßiH craHe hz ich o m napTii 6izibiuoBMKiB, a b TpaBHi Toro >k poKy
OHOziMTb napTinHy opraHi33AiK) noHTOHHoro 6aTazibMOHy, AKa HaziinyBazia
136 HzieHiß, lao coziAaTM o6epyTb rinziMna to zio bo k) KOMiTeTy coziAaTCbKMx
AenyTaTiß, a kozim npMcziy>KHMKM TMMnacoBoro ypAAy 3aapemTy»OTb moto —
Ao6'iOTbCA 3ßizibHeHHa . TaK 6e3nocepeAHbo b Macax HapoA>*<yBaziMCA i 3po-
CTaziM 6opA i 3a coAiaziicTMHHy peBOziiOAiło...
JllOTHeBd p e B O Z lK > A lf l OCZiaÖMZia AOH3y p y C f)pO H TO BM X ZlMCTiB. 3aBABKM
AbOMy 6paT Mir MeHi 6izibm e nMcaTM n p o noAii Toro 6ypxziM B oro 1917 p .f
BMGflOBJItOBäTM CBOC CTdB/ieHHB AO HMX. BiH SardTO p03n0BiA3B y CBOIX /1M-
dax npo JleHiHa (enepLue b nonye npo uk> Be/iHKy ziNDAHHy B/iiTKy 1916 p.
bIa MaujMHicra napoB03a l"a/iaKTioHOBa), npo 6 i/ibLUOBMUbKy napTiio, npo Te,
noro BOHa Ao6 MBa/iacB. BpaTOßi /imctm cia/in a n* MeHe CBoepiAHMM niApyn-
hmkom no/iiTrpaMOTM. Ta n He Ti/ibKM a /i« MeHe, 6 0 b mutab Tx 6 araTbOM
CBOIM TOBdpMLUaM, 3HBMOMHM. \Ąe SyJIO Ay>KO Ba>KJlMBO, OC0 6 /IMBO 3BÖ-
>KaiOHH Ha Te, lao yKpamcbKi 6yp>Kya3Hi HauioHa/iicTM, BKi bmmlu/im Ha no/ii-
TMHHy apeHy, HBMara/iMCB npnxoßaTn bIa HapoAy npaBAy npo noA" b Po
cił, b rieTporpaAi.
HaMaraiOMMCb 3po3yMiTH cyib ycboro, lao BiAÖysacTbCB, b 3 iHTepe-
COM BiABiAyBaB HHC/ieHHI MiTHHrH i 3ÓopM. I~/1m6oKO Bpi3a/10CB B naMłBTb
riepuje TpaBHB 1917 p. b KopocieHi. Bei roiyBa/incB ao Hboro, xom A^/ieKO
He komchhm yflB/iBB co6i, bkmm BOHO Mac 6yTH, Ae nepiue nic/iB noBa/ieHHB
AapM3My peBO/iK>uiMHe cbbto. Po6!thmmmm K/iac b Hämin OKpy3i 6yB He-
HMc/ieHHMM. riepeBa>Ka/iM KycTapi, peMicHHKM, Apißni ToprißAi. Y MicreMKy
IcKopocTb, HanpHK/iaAi 3 npoMMC/iOBMx niAnpncMCTB 6y/in TOAi JiMiue HeBe-
/1HKMH c^apcpopoBMM 33BOA Ta peMOHTHa MancTepHB hIml b̂ TyTecMaHa. Haft-
6i/1bUJ 0praHi30BdHMM 6yB po6iTHMMMM KOJieKTMB 3a/li3HMMHOI CTaHAM Ko-
pocTeHb. riepiuoro TpaBHB yci, xto Ti/ibKH Mir, bmmlu/im Ha By/WAi- Ko/iohm
i rpyriM /indach 3 ycix kIhaIb pyxa/iMCB ao MicuB nposeAOHHB MiTMHry. 51
mluob y KO/iOHi 3d/ii3HMHHMKiB — Han6inbLuin Ha CBBTi. BoHa niu/ia niA Hep-
BOHMMM 3HdMeHdMM. Y 6draTbOX BCKpdBMMM KBiTKdMM Hö rpyABX nO/iyM*fl-
hI/im MepBOHi SdHTM. JlyHd/iM peBO/iłOAi*m nicHi: «BapwaB'BHKa», «C mcjio,
TOBapMLAH, b Hory» Ta iH. 9\ Bnepu/e b >KMTTi nonyB ix motmbm. MepBOHi
npanopn nepesa>Ka/iM i b ihlumx ko/iohbx. BincbKOßi niApo3AinM Ta AOBKi
rpyrm AMßi/ibHMX im/im 3 ko/imluhImm pocmcbKMMM 6i/io-cnHbo-HepBOHnMn
npanopaMM. By/iM y cbbtkobmx KO/iOHax i >KOBTo-6/iaKMTHi ctbtm. Tx Hec/iM
npeACTaBHMKM yKpaiHCbKMx 6yp>Kya3HO-HaAioHa/iicTMHHMX napiin. Ilu/im Ha
MiTMHr i ynm. B tom Mac y MicTenKy IcKopocTb i Ha CTaHuii KopocieHb 6y/ia
OAHa LUKO/ia, b bkIm pamiue bmmbcb i b. MeHe 3auiKaBM/iM nopTpeTM, lao Tx
Hec/iM AOMOHCTpaHTM. By no TyT 6araTo 3o6pa>neHb T. f. LUeBMeHKa, npn-
KpdLUeHMX BMLLJMTMMM pyUJHMKdMM. F1o6dMMB B TdKO>K nopTpeTM K. MapKCa,
TepAeHa, HepHniueBCbKoro, fl/iexaHOBa. naM'flTaio, oco6/imbo 3auiKaBMB
MeHe nopTpeT ziiTHboi mohkm, niA bkmm bc/ihkhmh ziiTepaMM 6yno HarmcaHo:
«BpeLUKO-BpemKOBCbKa — 6a6ycB pocincbKOi peBO/i»ouii». 51 nonaa po3-
nMTyßaTM, xto BOHa Tawa, ab «6a6ycB», oahök HixTO Mem ao nyrrB TaK i
He noBCHMB. yme xoTi/iocB noöanMTM nopTpeT JleHiHa, Ta noro, Ha wa/ib,
He 6y/io.
I ot po3nonaBCB MiTMHr. 06iuMpHe none 3anpyA>t<eHe HapoAOM. Mano-
pBTb npanopn, Bei BnepeMi>KKy — peBO/itOAiMHi MepBOHi, pocincbKi tpmko-
JlipHi, HaAiOHa/liCTMMHi >KOBTO-6/iaKMTHi i HdBiTb AOpKOBHi KOpOrBM. Bmaobm-
me, Tpe6a CKa3aTM, He3BnnaMHe. Tawe MOJKHa 6y/io no6aMMTM xi6a lao /lmue
B TOM nepiUMM peBO/lłOAiHHMM flepLUOTpdBeHb.
YpoMMCTa MMTb ßiAKpMTTB MiTMHry. 3 Tpn6yHM /iyHa»OTb c/iosa: «Xan
>KHBe CBoSoAdl Xan >KMBe peBO/iiOAi*!» Bohm TOHyTb y Apy*<HOMy 6ara-
ToronocOMy «Ypal». Yropy 3/iiiałOTb ro/iOBHi yóopn. A ot an/iOAMCMeHTiB
He ny/iocB. Bohm TOAi iAe He 6y/in npnnHBTi. Hy, 3BMMaMHO, Hi npo BKi
MmpocpOHM Ta penpoAyKTopn He Mor/io 6yTM m mobm.
HecnoAiBaHO b no6aMMB cbokd MaTip — bohb ctob/ib HenoAa/iiK bIa
TpnóyHM — i npoópaBCfl Kpi3b HaTOBn ao Hel. Tm y a©m Mac 6y/io a>ne 57 po-
KiB, a/ie BOHa Bce >k npMMLU/ia 3 ce/ia, la o 6 y3BTM ynacTb y peBO/uoAinHUMy
MiTMHry, noc/iyxaTM, lao Ha HbOMy roBopnmMyTb.
OpaTopiß 6y/io 6araio. Tobopm/ih bohm npo pi3He, a/ie ko>khmm 3a-
KiHMyBaB esin BMCTyn c/iOBaMM: «Xan >KMBe CBo6oAaI Xan >kmb6 peBO/iio-
Aifl!» mm «Xan >KMBe CBo6oAa i öpaTepcTBo!». BaraTbOM npoMOBA^M Kpn-
Ma/iM «Ypal».
T/im6oko BpiaaBCB B naM#BTb BMCTyn OAworo opaTopa, bkmm 3aK/iMKaB
HeraMHo noKiHMMTM 3 raHeĆHOKD iMnepia/iicTMMHOio bImhoio, a 3BepTa»OMMCb
Ao ce/iflH, CKa3aB: «He MeKaMTe BKa3iBOK 3Bepxy, 3axon/i»OMTe i 3acißaMTe
3eM/ii noMiiMMKiß Ta 6araTHB. 3 eM/i5i noBMHHa nanemam tm m , xto TT 06-
p o 6ziB€». OneBMflHO, i\e 6ya bkm m cb npnbKAWMM 6 izibiuoBMK, 60 b Kopo-
CTOHi B H o r o Hi KOZIM He 6aHHB. CKB3aHi HHM C/IOBa CnpaBM/IM Ha npMCyTHix
Be/IMKe Bpa>K6HH5! i 6y/1H 3yCTpiHyTi CXBaZIbHMMH BMryKaMM Ta KpMKdMM
«ypa !» .
IHe Oflna L̂ iKaBa AeTazib. Ha MiTMHry BMCTyna/iM töko>k npeACTasHMKM
AyxoBeHCTBa — nin, kcboha3 i paÓMH. I Tpe6a >k TaKOMy TpanMTMCB: nifl
nac npoMOBM paÓMHa Ha/ieTiß CM/ibHMM BMXop, niAxonMB 3 noro nziena 6i-
Z1MM nOBC, BKMM 3BMHaMHO HOCMZ1M CBpeMCbKi flyXIBHMKM, i niflHflB y noBiTpB...
51 46m BMnaflOK 3anaM(BTaB me m TOMy, mo mob mbtm n\/\ 6e3nocepeAHiM
Bpa>KeHHBM bIa Hboro, a tako>k bIa ycboro no6aneHoro m nonyToro CKa-
3a/ia: « O m, BKy me 6ypto npMHece pesoziKmiB, noBannuj, cMHKy». MiTMHr
TpMBBB Ui/IMM AeHb* C/IOBB «CBoBoAa», «peBO/lKDL̂ ifl» n’BHMZIM i OKpMZIBZIM.
JltOAM paAiziM, m o HacTazio HapoAOBziaAA** mo ot-ot npMMAe Kmeub Binm
i 3 HdAicio ahbm zim cb snepeA-
51k lubmako 3'flcyBa/iocfl, ao cnpaB>KHboT B/iaAH HapoAy 6yzio me
Aa/ieKO. Ta m 3 iMnepiaziicTMHHOto bImhok> TMMHacoBMM yp«A He nocnituaB
KiHHaTM. ÄHTMBOCHHi HaCTpOI CepeA CO/lAäTiB nOCM/1K>Ba/1MC5l. Oco6/imbo
3poc/io 3ara/ibHe HeBAOBOzieHHB nicziB npoBaziy ziiTHboro Hacryny pocin-
cbKOi apMil Ha niBAeHHO-3axiAHOMy cppoHTi. M m Ha Tanin By3/iOBin npn-
cppoHTOBin cTaHî iT, bkohd 6yB KopocreHb, BiA ŷBaziM i\e Ayme a o6pe...
B Kpami Ha3piBaB peBOZiiouinHnn Bn6yx i Boporn TpyAOBoro HapoAy
BMpiuJMZlM 6yAb-mO BMKOpeHMTM «SizibLUOBMLJbKy KpaMOZiy». y KOHTppeBO-
JlK)U,iMHOMy Ta6opi BM3piziM nZiaHM BCTaHOBZieHHB B Pocił BiMCbKOBOI AMKTa-
Typn reHepazia KopHiziOBa.
flaM 'flTaK) cepneHb 1917 p. H epe3 craHLiito KopocTeH b-noA i/ ibCbKnn 3
n iBAeH H O -3ax iAH oro cppoHTy Ha Ile T p o rp a A iujziM eiueziOHn 3 BincbnaMM,
m o niATpMMyBaZIM KOHTppeBOZIKOl^iMHMX 3dK0Z10THMKIB. LL|o6 3dTpMMaTM IX
y Aopo3 i, 3a/ii3HMHHMKM noTan HacnnaziM y 6yKCM BaroHiß nicoK. ByKCM
3aropBzincB. rio i3AH npocTOŁOBazin. A 3 hm m m m ßincbna, BKi HanpaBZiBziMCB
Ha npMAyiüeHHB peBOJiłouii. 3 ycb o ro BiA^yBaziocB, m o b KopocTeH i a <€
Bn/iMBOBd 6inbLUOBMi4bKa rpyna, azie xto a o HeT b x o a m b , b , 3BMHan-
HO, He 3HdB.
ripOMLUOB me BKMMCb HdC... OaHOTO pa3y B KopOCTeHi 51 CTOBB CepeA
ziKDAen Ha nepoHi nacawnpcbKoro BOK3aziy. PamoM Bn6ir neproBnn no ctaH-
L̂ii JlyKfBH Ta6yKauJBizii i paAicHO 3aKpnnaB: «3AiHCHMziocbl 3AincHnziocb!
3AincHMZiocb!».
— LLlo 3AiMCHMziocb? — noHaziM nMTaTM noro. To a i Ta6yKaiUBizii ypo-
mmcto oroziocMB: «LUom ho c/iywóoBOło AenemeK) no 3azii3HMui noBiAOMMziM
npo Te, m o b rieiporpafli siA^yBCB peBO/iK>i;iMHMM nepeBopoT. TMMHaco
BMM yp«A noBazieHO. YTBopeHO hobmm ypBA Ha nozii 3 JleHiHMM. BizibiuoBM-
km nepeMorziM! Ypa!».
ByAyHM 3dBAflKM BpdTOBMM ZIMCTdM 6izibUJ-MeHIU y Kypci p03BMTKy nO-
Ain, B CnpMMHBB ue nOBiAOMZieHHB 3 paAICTK) i, BK TizibKM CKiHHMBCB po -
6 ohmm AeHb, nocniujMB AOAOMy, m o6 noAiziMTMCB 3b Ic t k o k> 3 OAnocezibUB-
m m . n o A o p o 3 i b po3noB iA 3B np o Te, m o ßiAÖyziocB b neTporpaAi, BciM,
K o ro He CTpinaB. npMMLUOB y cezio i TyT KO>KHOMy 3ycTpinHOMy XBaziiocB
paAICHOK) HOBMHOK).
B ueM nac y ujKOzii npoBOAHB cizibCbKMM c x o a bkm mcb HauioHaziicT. 51
BMpiuiMB, m o Tpe6a po3noaicTM npo icTopMHHy noĄ\\o m t b m . O a h b k He
BCTMr b m poTa po3KpMTM, bk «caMOcriMHMK» 3apeneTyBaB: «He cziyxaMTe
Uboro LUMapKanal Te, m o BiA^yBacTbCB b neTporpaAi, nac He CTocycTbCB.
y Hac c bo b BziaAa — BziaAa YKpaiHCbKoT ueHTpazibHoT paAH». I BMrmaB
M eHe 3 npMMimeHHB.
Ta Bce >k noTiM c e z iB H M niAxoAHzin a o MeHe, L̂ iKdBMziMCB, mo >k Tawe
CTaziocB b neTporpaAi, i fl oxone po3noßiAaß Tm npo nonyTe Ha nepoHi b
KopocTeHi. MeHi npncMHO, mo caMe b bm bbm bcb tm m macziMBueM, bkmm
HannepiUMM npnmc y piflne cezio 3BicTKy npo nepeMory BeziMKoT >Ko bt -
y ic p . icT . otcyp n., 1 9 8 7 . M U146
HeBOi coi^ia/iicTM HHOi peBO/iłouii. O^ii^inHe n oß iflO M / ieH H fl npo 1410 n o fl iK )
HäfliHLU/lO B Hdiui M icu n 3HaMHO n i3H iu je .
16 /iHCTonaAa 1917 p. a o j ia 3HOBy BMBBM/iacn npuxMJibHOKD a o MeHe,
HäAaBLUM MeHi MO>K/1MBiCTb B35ITM yHdCTb B ypOHMCTOMy MiTHHTy 3a/li3HMM-
HHKiß Td >KMTeiliB KopOCT6Hflr Hd BKOMy BCe TOM >Ke 6i/1bLUOBMK JlyK'flH
TaćyKaiuBmi nporoiiocMB y M id i B/iaAy PaA p o 6 Ith m m m x i ce/iBHCbKMx Aeny-
TäTiß. l[to noA>K> yßiHHK)€ MeMopia/ibHa aoihkö, BdaHOB/ieHa Ha 6yAHHKy
YnpaB/iiHH« KopocreHCbtcoro 3a/ii3HMHHoro paftoHy.
Ta He HaAOBro yTBepAHiiacB toai y Hac PaAflHCbKa B/iaAa. Y rpyAHi
1917 p. KopocTeHb 3axonM/iH ßinCbKa KOHippeBO/noi^iMHOi LleHTpaubHOi
paAH i BCTaHOBM/iH pe>KMM Tepopy. O co6/imbo /iłOTysa/iM ro/iOBopi3M-raM-
AdMdKM i3 3aroHy OTaMdHa Ocni/wa, bkmm 3a«BHB: «51 3 ühl b̂ 3eM/ii 3Hecy
KopodeH b , 5i bm6'»o 3 sac 6 i/ibLUOBH4 bKHH Ayx»* Xana/iM Bcixr Koro niAO-
3piOBa/iM y cn iBHyui ómbiuoBMKaM, a HanSi/ibiue AOMo6mi30BaHMX co/iAa-
Tiß, y 51KHX 3HaXOAH/lM AOKyMeHTM, BMAdHi KOM'lTeTdMM CO/lAaTCbKHX A^-
nyTaTiß. 3anaMr5iTaBCJi MOHi mo/ioahh co/iAaTMK, i3 ce/ia KpacHoni/ib (51
TpoxM 3Haa noro me ao bImhm). Bin noBepiaBC« 3 cßpoHTy AOAOMy i 6ya
cxon/ieHMH ranAaMäKaMM. Hi5iKi bmob/iahh« He AonoMomn — x/ionMHHy
po3dpi/i5i/iM. GrpaujHMM 6ys nac...
Y ciHHi 1918 p. AO Hac A0K0TMJ1MC51 HyTKM, LAO CMJlbHMM 036p0€HHM
3ariH 6ijibLUOBMKiB, o6xoa« hm >t<MepMHKy i Kmib, BiAKMAatOHM 3 cboto
uj/i5ixy ranAaMaKiß, npo6MBacTbC5i b Pociio. 51k bm51bm/ioc5i 3i-oaom , y moto
CK/iäAi 6yB i m Ih 6pai TlM/inn. Y cboix cnoraAax ßiH po3noßiß, mo Ha
pyMyHCbKOMy cppoHTi 6i/ibiuoBHKM noHTOHHoro 6aTa/ibMOHy Ta peBO/iio-
lumho HacTpoeHi co/iAaTM opraHi3yBa/iH riepiüHM couia/iicTMMHMM MepaoHO-
rBapAincbKMM 3ariH i BMpiniH/iH htm Ha AonOMory MO/iOAin PaAflHCbKin pec-
ny6/iiui. OnomoBa/iM 3ariH ocßmep Gropoß i ßiH — rin/inn >KMaMeHKO.
( 3 a K i H H e t i H R ö y d e )
CD. >KMAHEHKO (KmT«)
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-214049 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0130-5247 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-15T11:33:40Z |
| publishDate | 1987 |
| publisher | Інститут історії України НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Жмаченко, Я.Ф. 2026-02-19T10:45:34Z 1987 Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) / Я.Ф. Жмаченко // Український історичний журнал. — 1987. — № 11. — С. 142-147. 0130-5247 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214049 uk Інститут історії України НАН України Український історичний журнал Спогади Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) Путем Большого Октября (1) Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) Жмаченко, Я.Ф. Спогади |
| title | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) |
| title_alt | Путем Большого Октября (1) |
| title_full | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) |
| title_fullStr | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) |
| title_short | Шляхом Великого Жовтня (1) |
| title_sort | шляхом великого жовтня (1) |
| topic | Спогади |
| topic_facet | Спогади |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214049 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT žmačenkoâf šlâhomvelikogožovtnâ1 AT žmačenkoâf putembolʹšogooktâbrâ1 |