Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства
В статье на основе анализа новой редакции Программы КПСС рассмотрены последовательность формирования социальной однородности общества и те этапы, которые уже пройдены нашей страной в этом направлении. Исходя из марксистско-ленинского учения об определении перспектив социального прогресса, автор иссл...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Український історичний журнал |
|---|---|
| Date: | 1986 |
| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
| Published: |
Інститут історії України НАН України
1986
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214340 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства / Ю.О. Курносов // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 8. — С. 28-42. — Бібліогр.: 58 назв. — укр. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860282539846926336 |
|---|---|
| author | Курносов, Ю.О. |
| author_facet | Курносов, Ю.О. |
| citation_txt | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства / Ю.О. Курносов // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 8. — С. 28-42. — Бібліогр.: 58 назв. — укр. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Український історичний журнал |
| description | В статье на основе анализа новой редакции Программы КПСС рассмотрены последовательность формирования социальной однородности общества и те этапы, которые уже пройдены нашей страной в этом направлении. Исходя из марксистско-ленинского учения об определении перспектив социального прогресса, автор исследует программные положения о дальнейших этапах на пути последовательного про-движения советского общества к утверждению его безклассовой структуры, а затем и достижению социальной однородности, осуществление чего выходит за пределы текущего столетия.
|
| first_indexed | 2026-03-17T00:19:09Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
öyp>Kya3Hyio Haunio — cfopMupoßaHHe mccthwx punxoB na YxpaHHe b XVIII b. Ocoöoe
BHHMaHHe y/ie/ieno yxpen/ieHHio ToproBbix cBH3efi MOKAy pa3JiHHiibiMH yxpaHHcxiiMH
pafioHaMH, noKa3aHa hx pojib b pa3BHTHii sxohomhxh «pan. Cneuna/ibHo Hcc/ie/iyeTCH
Bonpoc O BJIHHHHH TOBapiiO-ACHOKHUX OTHOUieHIIH Ha COUHa/IbHyiO CTpyKTypy yxpaHHCKOH
napoAHOCTH, 3apo>KAeHHH noBoro KJiacca — HauHonajibHofi 6ypwya3Hii.
MeroAoiiorlfl ra meroflHHa Ictophhhhx Aoe/ilAmeHb
K). O . K y P H O C O B (K m ? b)
nporPAMA Knpc npo etahm cd o pm ybah h^
COUlAJlbHO OAHOPIAHOrO CYCniJlbCTBA
Tojiobhhh TeopeTĤ HHH i noAiTHqHHfl ÄOKyMeHT KnPC — fl Flporpa-
Ma 6a3yeTbCH Ha MapKCHCTCbKo-AeHiHCbKOMy BqeHHi, peajiicTHqHOMy aHa-
Ai3i npoueciß, mo BiAÖyBaiOTbCH BcepeAHHi KpaiHH Ta Ha CBiTOBift apeHi.
Bhxoahhh 3 KOMyHicTHHHHx nepcneKTHB po3BHTKy CPCP, BOHa Aae qiTKy
fl po3ropHyTy xapaKTepHCTHKy CTpaieriqHHX nanpHMiß AiflAbHOcri napTi'i,
PaAHHCbKoi Aep>KaBH, BCboro HapoAy.
y HOBifl peAaKuii' üporpaMH niATBepA>KyeTbCH KiHueßa MeTa KFIPC —
noöyAOBa KOMyHi3My. Bn3HaqeHHH caMoro noHHTTH «KOMyHi3M» noqHHa-
eTbCH 3 xapaKTepHCTHKH floro bk 6e3KjiacoBoro cycniAbHoro Jiany. üopHA
3 uhm y AOKyMeHTi MicTHTbCH no.ao>KeHHH npo (JiopMyBaHHH couiajibHO
oAHopiAHoro cycniAbCTBa *.
riOHHTTH «ÖeSKJiaCOBe1 CycniAbCTBO» He TOTO>KHe nOHHTTK) «couiajibHO
OAHopiAHe cycnijibCTBO». Be3KJiacoßa couiajibHa CTpyKTypa BHHHKae b pe-
3yJlbTaTi 3ÖAH>KeHHH i 3AHTTH OCHOBHHX 03H3K, IUO XapaKTepH3yiOTb
neBHi KJiacH. Run uboro, BK33yB3B B. I. JleHiH, «...noTpißeH BeAHqe3HHÖ
KpOK BnepeA y p03BHTKy npOAyKTHBHHX CHA...» 2. 3HHlUeHHH KJiaciB, Haro-
AOUJyBaB BoJIOAHMHp IjIAiq,— 33BAaHHH «...B CHJiy HeOÖXiAHOCTi TpHB3-
Ae» 3. CjiiA BpaxoByBaTH A Te, mo 6e3Kjiacoße cycniAbCTBO He 6yAe coui-
aAbHo 6e3CTpyKTypHHM. B>kc cboroAHi oqeBHAHo, mo floro CTpyKTypHHMH
eJieMeHT3MH BHCTynaTHMyTb TpyAOBi KOAeKTHBH, KJiaCOBa CnpHMOBaHiCTb
nOAiTHKH fl AiHJIbHOCTi HKHX 3yMOBAK)BaTHMeTbCH KOpiHHHMH iHTepeCaMH
poöiTHHHoro KAacy.
CTBopeHHH couiaAbHO OAHopiAHoro cycniAbCTBa 6yAe pe3yjibTaTOM
noBHoro fl ocTaTOHHoro noAOAaHHH 3ajiHiiiKiB CTaporo noAiAy npaui fl
noB’H3aHHx 3 hhm icTOTHHx couiaAbHHx ßiAMiHHOCTefl. Boho noTpeöyßa-
THMe po3BłH3aHHH öaraTbox couiaAbHO-eKOHOMiqHHx npoÖAeM, mo 3aflMe
qacy öiAbine, Hi>K AiKBiAauin ßiAMiHHOCTefl Mi>K KAacaMH. AA>Ke aah UbO-
ro HeoöxiAHo 3rypTyBaTH Bcix AiOAefi npaui, HKi öyAyTb oß’eAHam cniAb-
hhmh iHTepecaMH i AiflTHMyTb «...3a cahhhm 3araAbHHM nAaHOM...»4, a
«...Bce cycniAbCTBO noBHHHO nepeTBopHTHcn b €ahhhh Kooneparaß Tpy-
Ahiuhx» 5. CouiaAbHO OAHopiAHe cycniAbCTBO t3ko>k He 6yAe B3araAi no3-
óaBAeHHM CTpyKTypn. Horo yTBepA>KeHHH He 0 3HaqaTHMe BCTaHOBAeHHH
1 FIporpaMa KoMynicTHMHoI napTil PaanHCbxoro Coio3y: Hoßa peA. npufiHHTa
XXVII 3*13,ziom KnPC.— K., 1986.— C. 41—42.
2 J1 e h i h B. I. BeJiHKHH iiohhh: (npo repoi3M poöiTiiHxiB y th.iv. 3 npHBoay
«KOMyHicTHHHux cyöOTHHKiB») // noBHe 3i6p. TBOpiß.— T. 39.— C. 15.
3 JleHiH B. I. ExoHOMixa i nojimixa b enoxy AnxTaTypii npoJicTapiaTy//TaM
>xe.— C. 260.
4 Enrej ibc O. JThct B. Bopriycy.— 25 ein. 1894 p.//M a p x c K., Eurc. ibc Q.
Tßopii.— T. 39.— C. 167.
5 JI e h i h B. I. npoMOBa na III 3’i3Ai poöiTinmoi xoonepauii 9 rpŷ HH 1918 p.//
noBHe 3i6p. TBOpiß.— T. 37.— C. 331.
ludkom 6e3CTpyKTypHoro, aMopc})Horo cycnijibCTBa. PtaeTbcn npo Te, mo,
KOJiH He icHyßaTHMe KJiaciB i couiaAbHHx rpyn, yci iHiui bhah CTpyxTypH
cycni.ibCTBa 6yAyTb nocTynoBO no36yBaTHCH KAacoBoro, couiajibHÓro
xapaKTepy.
CaMe Taxa nocAiAOBHicTb Ha3B3HHx npoueciß y po3BHTKy paAHH-
cbKoro cycnijibCTBa — CTaHOBjieHHH 6e3KJiacoBoi CTpyKTypH Ta (})opMy-
B3HHH COUiaJlbHOl OAHOpiAHOCTl — qiTKO BH3HaqeH3 B HOBift peAaxuii
IlporpaMH KnPC. BoAHoqac y Hin 3BepHyT0 yBary Ha Te, hk cjiiA p03y-
MiTH nocjiiAOBHicTb y 3AincHeHHi thx hh iHiiinx hbhlu i noAift Harnoro
>khtth. Tax, Ha ochobi Toro, iuo couiajii3M i KOMyHi3M e ABOMa nocAi-
AOBHHMH ())a3aMH CAHHOl KOMyHiCTHHHOl (J)OpMauil, y IlporpaMi pOÖHTbCH
bhchobok npo BiAcyTHicTb Mi>K hhmh pi3xoi rpaHi: po3BHTOK couiaAi3My,
AeAa-fli noBHiine po3xpHTTH ft bhkophct3hhh noro Mo>xAHBOCTefi Ta nepe-
Bar, 3MiuHeHHH npHTaMaHHHx HOMy 3arajibHOKOMyHicTHqHHx HaqaA i 0 3-
Haqae cnpaB>KHift pyx cycnijibCTBa ao KOMyHi3My6.
Or>xe, nocjiiAOBHicTb na3BaHiix xopinmix couiaAbHo-exoHOMiqHHX ne-
peTBopeHb y Hunri paAHncbxoro cycnijibCTBa anaMHOK) Mipoio 03Hanae
HKHaHTiciiiuie noeAnanHH 3 OAHoqacmcTio lx 3AiftcneHHH. U,n 3axoHOMip-
Hidb i 6yAe MeTOAOAoriqHHM npHHUHnoM npw po3xpHrri TeMH Aa-
HOl CTaTTi.
YcniuiHe 3AificHeHHH Uboro 33ba3HHH 3yMOBAioe HeoßxiAHicTb 3Bep-
hythch ao noHHTiHHoro anapaTy, yTOHHHTH niAxiA AO po3yMiHHH Ta bhko-
pncTaHHH couioAorinHoi' TepMiHOAorii, nxa TyT B>xHBaTHMeTbCH. Ue, 30x-
peMa, CTOcyeTbcn nHTaHHH npo CHCTeMHy opraHi3auix) cycniAbCTBa — mo
hbahe co6ok) cyxynmcTb eAeMeHTiB, nxi nepeöyßaiOTb oahh 3 oahhm y
pi3HOMaHiTHHx 3BłH3xax i vTBopiOK)Tb neBHy uiAicHicTb. 3araAbHa cyMa
iHAHBiAiß, rpyn Axmeft i couiaAbHHx cniAbHOCTefi, 06 ’eAHaHHx öaraTorpan-
HHMH 3Bł5I3KaMH Ta B3a€MOBiAHOCHH3MH, CneUHCjMHHO COUiaAbHHMH 3a
CBoeio npwpoAOK), eraHOBHTb couiaAbHy cncreMy, bhhhkhchhh Ta cj)yHK-
UiOHyBaHHH, P03BHT0K i 3Ml*Hy HKOl 3 no3Huift MaTepiaJliCTHHHOTO po3y-
M1HHH iCTOpil CJliA p03rjlHA3TH HK npHpOAHOiCTOpHHHHH npOUeC.
Mh 6yAeMo bhxoahth 3 toto, mo criftxi ft ynopnAXOBam 3b’h3kh Mi>K
e;ieMeHTaMH couiaAbHoi chctcmh, 3yMOBAeHi BiAHocHHaMH KAaciB Ta iH-
luhx couiajibHHx rpyn, noAiAOM npaui, xapaxTepoM couiaAbHHx iHCTHTy-
TiB, to6to icTopHHHHMH (JjopMaMH opram3auii Ta peryjiiOBaHHH cycnijib-
Horo >khtth, HBAHHDTb co6oK) couiaAbHy CTpyKTypy cycniAbCTBa. Ii hapom
e K.TacH, nxi cepeA ycix couiaAbHHx rpyn i BepcTB 3afiMaiOTb toaobhc
CTaHOBHme.
y 3BłH3Ky 3 UHM CJHA yTOHHHTH ft B3/KAHBC B MeTOAOAOriqHOMy ßAa-
Hi nHTaHHH npo cniBBiAHomeHHH noHHTb «couiaJibHa», «KjiacoBa» Ta
«couia^bHO-KAacoßa» CTpvKTypa cycnijibCTBa. Mh po3rjiHAaTHMeMo ix
HK ÖAH3bKi 3a CBoiM 3MicTOM i cyTHicTK). Aa>kc y B. I. «ZleHiHa e Taxe
yTOHHeHHH: «couiaAbHoio, toöto KJiacoBOK)...»7. JXo toto >x ui noHHTTH
03Haqax)Tb öijibin-MeHm CTiftxi cniAbHOCTi jiHDAeft, cyxynHicTb xjiaciß,
couia^bHHx rpyn i BepcTB, BiAÖHBaxyrb neBHHft nopnAOx B3aeM03BłH3xiB i
B3a€MOBiAHOCHH Mi>K HHMH. XoH, 6e3nepeHHO, TepMiH «KviaCOBa CTpyKTy-
pa» niAKpecAK>e rojiOBHHft, BH3HaqaAbHHft e^eMeHT noHHTTH «couiaAbHa
erpyxTypa», nxe e ßiAbin uinpoKHM.
riicAH nepeMorH BeAHxoT >KoBTHeBoi couiaAicTHHHoi peBOAxmii b
pe3yAbTaTi ycnixiß, AoenrHyTHx y couiajiicTHHHOMy 6yAißHHUTBi, b CPCP
3po6jieHO 3HanHi xpoxH no uiAHxy ao couiaAbHoi OAHopiAHOCTi. Po3bh-
tok couiajibHo-xjiacoBoi CTpyxTypn paAHHCbxoro cycniAbCTBa npofimoB
pHA eTaniß, nxi 36irax)TbCH 3 nepioAH3auieio floro icTopii, mo qiTxo
c(})opMyjibOBaHo b hobüi peAaxuii üporpaMH KI1PC.
riepiiiHft eTan npnnaAae Ha nepexiAHHft nepioA — ßiA >Kobthh . ao
py6e>xa, koah b CPCP b ocHOBHOMy 6yAO noóyAOBaHo couiaAicTHHHe
6 nporpaMa KoMyiiicTimnoi napTi? PaAHiicbKoro Coio3y: Hoßa pcA — C. 22.
7 J1 e h i h B. I. Meproui .laßiiaHHH Pâ HHCbKoi ü.ia^n//IIobiic 3i6p. TBopiß.—
T. 36.— C. 184.
yKp. kr. otctypn., 19861 M 8 29
cycnijibCTBO. MapKCH3M-jieHiHi3M bhxoahtb 3 Toro, mo /liKBUauifl KJiaciB
MO>KJIHBa TijlbKH IliCJIH 3aBOIOB3HHH IipOAeTapiaTOM noniTHHHOi* ba a ah i
AOKopiHHoro nepeTBopeHHH eKOHOMiqHoro AaAy. BiAÖyßaeTbCH ue He BiA-
pa3y. LUe TpHBaAHii qac KJiacn npoAOB>KyK)Tb icHyBaTH. Tax, nicAH BeAH-
Koi K̂oBTHeBoi couiâ icTHHHo'i peBOJiiouii', noßaAeHHH BAaAH KaniTaAV,
3HHmeHHH KAacy noMiiUHKiß i 6yp>Kya3ii b yMOBax 6araToyKAaAHoro exo-
HOMiqHoro AaAy nepexiAHoro nepioAy BiA KaniTajii3My ao couiajii3My b
Harnifi Kpami icHyBaAO TpH KJiacn — Aßa ochobhI Ta oahh hcochobhhh, a
tako>k iHTejiireHuin (cAyntóoBui). JXo ochobhhx Hajie>KajiH poßiTHHMHH
KAac, noB’H3aHnii toaobhhm mhhom i3 couiaAicraqHHM yxjiaAOM rocno-
AapcTBa, i TpyAHme ccahhctbo, öiAbmicTb HKoro öyjia 3aiiHHTa y ApiÖHo-
TOBapHOMy BHpoßHHUTBi. HeOCHOBHHH KAaC CT3H0BHAH KaniTajiicTHHHi
ejieMeHTH Micia h cejia, noBłH3aHi 3 npHBaTHOKanrraAicTHqHHM yKAaAOM
2KHTTH. Ha KiHeUb BiAÖyAOBHOrO nepiOAy pOÓiTHHKH CTaHOBHJIH TiAbKH
AecHTy qacTHHy KAacoBoro CKAaAy HaceAemiH KpaiHH; Aemo MeHuioK)
6yjia nacTKa 6yp>Kya3ii, noMiiUHKiß, ToproBuiß Ta KypKyjiiB; yABiqi hhhc-
hok) 3a He! — imeJiireHuii. Haftóijibmy nHTOMy Bary m a a h ccahhh-oaho-
ociÓHHKH Ta HeKOonepoBaHi KycTapi — nonaA Tpn MBepxi HaceAenHH.
IcTopHHHHH aocbIa CBi HTb, mo 3araAbHOio 3aKOHOMipHicTio nepe-
xoAy pi3HHx KpaiH AO couiaAi3My e KJiacoBa 6opoTb6a. noBaAem eKcnAy-
aTaTopcbKi kabch 6iAbin-MeHin TpHBajim’i qac icHyiOTb b yMOBax nepexiA-
Horo nepioAy ii HHHHTb 3aneKAHH onip HOBifi BAaAi, HKa noKAaAa npań ix
noAiTHHHOMy naHyBaHHio i nocnrHyAa Ha HancBHTiuie aah hhx — npHBaT-
Hy BAacHicTb. Y Hamiii Kpami, BiA3HaqaeTbcn b hobüi peAaKuil Flporpa-
mh KnPC, KviacoBa 6opoTb6a y nepexiAHHii nepioA qacoM HaßyBaAa
xapaKTepy rocTpnx cyraqoK8.
B pe3yAbTaTi ocraToqHoro 3HHiueHHH npHBaTHoI BAacHOCTi Ha 3aco-
6h BHpoÓHHUTBa, iHAycTpiaAi3auiI CPCP i KOAeKTHBi3auiI ciAbCbKoro
rocnoAapcTBa, nepeMorH couiaAicTHqHHx (J)opM rocnoAapcTBa y Bcix raAy-
3hx eKOHOMiKH KpaiHH 6yAH ycyHyTi peuiTKH eKcnAyaTaTopcbKHX KAa-
ciB. Ha uift ocHOBi AOKOpiHHO 3MiHioeTbCH KAacoBa cTpyKTypa cvcniAb-
CTBa, AiKBiAyeTbCH npOTHAOKHiCTb Mi>K 11 CKA3AOBHMH. Ha MiUHHil CO-
uiaAbHo-eKOHOMiHHHH ŷHAaMeHT 6yAO noeraBAeHO corn poßiTHHHoro
KAacy i ceAHHCTBa — ocoßAHBy (J)opMy cnißpoöiTHHUTBa uhx abox TpyAH-
iuhx KAaciB, HKa 3apoAHAacH y 6opoTb6i 3a noßaAeHHH KaniTaAi3\iy.
KyAbTypua peBOAiouin BiAKpHAa uihpokhh npocTip aah p03BHTKy TBOp-
hhx cha HapoAy, AyxoBHoro po3KBiTy aioahhh npaui i ôpMyBaHHH Ha
uifl ocHOBi, iiacaMnepeA, couiaAicTHHHoi iHTeAireHuii. BiAinuiAa b mhhy-
Ae nauioHaAbHa Bopoameqa, HopMoio >khtth CTaAH 6paTepcbKa Apywöa,
TicHe cnißpoöiTHHUTBo i B3aeMOAonoMora Bcix HapoAiß CPCP.
Bee ue 03HanaA0, BKa3yeTbcn b HOBift peAaKuil nporpaMH napTii, mo
6yAO 3AißcHeH0 couiaAbHHu nepeßopoT BcecBiTHbo-icTopHqHoro 3HaneH-
HH — Ha33B>KAH IIOKiHHeHO 3 BiKOBHM IiaHyBaHHHM IipHBaTHOl BAaCHOCTi,
AiKBiAOBaHO eKcnAyaTauiio aioahhh aioahhoio9. C(|)opMyBaAacH couiaAbHa
CTpyKTypa, HKa BKAioqaAa poöiTHHHHH KAac, KOArocnHe ccahhctbo i Ha-
poAHy iHTCAireHuiio. Y Apyriö noAOBHHi 30-x poKiB nHTOMa Bara poóiTHii-
ki‘b pa30M 3 ix ciM*HMH AOCHrAa TpeTHHH Bcix >KHTeAiß KpaiHH. KoArocnHe
ceAHHCTBo CTaHOBHAO 45%, iHTeAirenuiH (cAy>K00Bui)— mocTy qacraHy
HaceAeHHH. CeAHH-OAHOociÖHHKiß Ta HeKOonepoBaHHx KycTapiB 3aAHiuHAO-
ch 2,6%, a KAac 6yp>Kya3ii, noMimHKiß, ToproBuiß Ta KypKyAiB 3HHK 30b-
ciM. Ha 6a3i cniAbHHx iHTepeciß poöiTHHqoro KAacy, KOArocrmoro ceAHH-
CTBa, HapoAHoi iHTeAireHuii, a t3ko>k TpyAnmnx yeix HauioHaAbHocTeft
CKAaAacH couiaAbHo-noAiTHqHa Ta iAeÖHa CAHicTb paAHHCbKoro cycniAb-
cTBa. 3a xapaKTepHCTHKOio b qaei ue npnnaAae Ha nepioA, koah b CPCP
6yA0 b ocHOBHOMy noöyAOBaHO couiaAicraqHe cycniAbCTBO 10.
8 riporpaMa KoNiyHicTimnoi napiii PaAJiHCbKoro Cojo3v: Hoba peA.— C. 7.
9 TaM >Ke.— C. 8.
10 TaM >Ke.
HacTynHHn eTan po3BHTKy Hauioro cycnijibCTBa, OT>Ke, ii BOAHoqac
iioro couia.ibHoi* CTpyKTypn, noBła3aHnfl i3 cyBOpHMH BnnpoóyBaHHaMH b
poKH BejiHKoi BiTqH3HHHoi‘ BinHH, nepeMoroK) paAHHCbKoro HapoAy Ha#
(j)auiHCTCbKoio HiMeqqHHOK) Ta MiAiTapnorcbKoio JlnoHieio, BiAßyAOBOio
3pynHOBanoro HapoAHoro rocnoAapcTBa, AaAbiiiHM 3HaqHHM nocHJieHHHM
eKOHOMiqHoro, HayKOBO-TexHiqHoro fi oóopoHHoro noieHuiaJiy CPCP,
3MiUHeHHHM HÖH) Ml‘>KHapOAHHX n03HUifi. BoAHOqae p03BHBaJiaca h coui-
â bHo-KJiacoBa CTpyKTypa couiaAicraqHoro rany. IliAcyMKOM ycboro
Uboro CTa/ia noBHa ft ocraToqHa nepeMora couiajii3My b Harniii Kpami.
HaAaAi, cnnpaioqHCb Ha AoearHyTe, paAHHCbKe cycniJibCTBO npoAOB-
/KyBaJio BneBHeHo npocyBaraca BnepeA no uuiaxy nporpecy. B Kpami
cK.iaBca eAHHHn HapoAHorocnoAapcbKnft KOMnjieKC, 3MiuHijiH couiaAicraq-
Hi cycni.ibHi BiAHOCHHH. BnaBAaioqH ßijibinoBHUbKy npnHimnoBicTb i ca-
MOKpHranHicTb, cnnpaioqHCb Ha niATpHMKy Mac, napTia npoBe.na BeAHKy
poöoTy no ycyHeHHK) HacAiAKiB KyjibTy ocoöh, BiACTyniB BiA JieHiHCbKHX
HopM napTiimoro i AepwaBHoro KepiBHHUTBa, no BHnpaBJieHHio noMHJiOK
cvö’eKTHBicTCbKoro, BOJiiOHTapHCTCbKoro xapaKTepy. BixoK), mo 3HaMeHy-
Ba.ia b yMOBax peaAbHoro couiaAi3My noMiTHHfi KpoK y Ha6jiH>KeHHi Ha-
uioro cycnijibCTBa ao coniajibHoi* OAHopiAHOdi, craAO (J)opMyB3HHa ho-
boT, HeóaneHoi* b icTopii* couiajibHoI Ta iHTepHauioHajibHo! eAHoeri ak>
Aefi — paAaHCbKoro HapoAy. BHHHKHeHHa IT CTajio pe3yAbTaTOM noAOJiaH-
Ha KJiacoBHx i HauioHaAbHHx aHTaroHi3Miß, 30AH>KeHHa pi3HHx KJiaciB,
couiajibHHx rpyn, Hauift Ta HapoAHOcreii, yTBepA>KeHHa Tx TicHo'i, Heno-
pyiHHOl CAHOCTi, rapMOHiÜHHX BiAHOCHH Mi>K HHMH n .
Po3ropHyBimi HanojierjiHBy poöoTy Ha Bcix HanpaMax KOMyHicraq-
Horo óyAiBHHUTBa, paAĘHCbKHft HapoA AOÓHBca Be.iHKHx ycnixiB y p03-
BHTKy npoAyKTHBHHx cha, eKOHOMiHHHx i couiajibHHx bi'ahochh, couiani-
CTHHHoi AeMOKpaTii, KyjibTypn, y (J)opMyBaHHi hobo! aioahhh. Ui Aocar-
HeHHa BHBejiH CPCP Ha py6e>xi, mo BiAKpHAH eian po3BHHyToro couia-
Ai3My. B icTopii* Hamoi* Kpamn noqaBca hobhh nepioA, akhü 3yMOBHB BiA-
noBiAHy CTyniHb 3piAOCTi couiajibHO-KJiacoBol CTpyKTypn paAHHCbKoro
cycni.nbCTBa.
OcTaHHiM aacoM y cboTx TeoperaqHHx AOKyMeHTax KoMyHicraqHa
napiia 3HaqH0 nocHAHAa yBary ao nnTaHb couiajibHo'i CTpyKTypn. Tan, y
MaTepiajrax XXIV 3vi3Ay KFIPC BKa3yBajioca, mo nojiirana napTii cnpa-
MOBana Ha Te, mo6 cnpnara 3ÖAH>KeHHio. poßiraHqoro KAacy, Ko.irocn-
noro cejiaHCTBa Ta iHTeAireHuii, nocTynoBOMy noAOJiaHHio icTOTHHx BiA-
MiHHOCTen Mi>K MicTOM i cejioM, Mi>K po3yMOBOio ii (J)i3HqHOK) npaueio.
Ue BH3Haqajioca hk oAHa 3 toaobhhx AiJiHHOK öyAißHHUTBa 6e3KAacoBoro
cycniAbcraa 11 12. lliAßHBaioqH niAcyMKH 3poÖAeHoro 3a Aecarapiqqa, XXVI
3’i*3A KÜPC KOHCTaTyBaB, mo b pe3yjibTaTi couiaAbHoi noAiraKH napTii
i Aep>K3BH B 70-Ti poKH TpHBaAO 30AH>KeHHa BCiX KAaciB i COUiaAbHHX
rpyn paAaHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa, mo PaA^HCbKa KpaiHa nocTynoBO, ane
BncBHCHo npocyBaeTbca ao bcahko! mcth — CTBopeHHa cycnijibCTBa, b
aKOMy He 6yAe noAiJiy AiOAefi Ha KAacn 13.
y noAiraqHiii AonoBiAi UK KÜPC XXVII 3’ i3AOBi napTii, 3 hkoio
BHCTynHB reHepaAbHHfi cenpeTap UK KPIPC M. C. Top6aqoB, 3poÖAeHO
HaroAOC Ha TOMy, mo aHaAi3 npoÖAeM B3aeMOBiAHOCHH KAaćiB i cycni.ib-
hhx rpyn Mae aah MapKCHCTCbKO-AeHiHCbKOi napTii ähttebo Ba>KAiiBe
3HaqeHHa, 6o noAiTHKa Aae noTpiÓHi pe3yAbTara TOAi, koah BOHa 6vav-
eraca Ha TOHHOMy BpaxyBaHHi iHTepeciß KAaciß, couiaAbHHx rpyn, ocoöii.
PeTeAbHo BpaxoByioqH cniAbHicra i cneuH(J)iKy ix iHTepeciß, KoMyHicraq
Ha napTia 3a6e3neqye MiuHy eAuicra cycniAbCTBa, ycninme p03B*a3anHa
HanóiAbui Ba>KAHBńx i cka3ähhx floro 3aBAaHb 14.
11 TaM >Ke.— C. 8—9.
12 MaTepiajiH XXIV a’TaAy KÜPC.— K., 1971.— C. 82—83.
13 MaTepia.iii XXVI 3’i3Ay KÖPC.— K., 1981.— C. 62.
14 MaTepia.ui XXVII 3’l3Ay KoMyHienmHoI napTii PaAHHCbKoro Coio3y.— K.,
1986.— C. 60.
y 3ara^bHHx pwcax couiajibHO-KJiacoBa CTpyKTypa paAHHCbKoro cy-
cmVibCTBa Ha cyqacHOMy eTani e TaKoio >k, hk i b Apyrift nojioBHHi 30-x
pOKiB. O^HaK BOHa 3HaqHO BiApi3HH6TbCH CBOIMH KiAbKiCHHMH i HKiCHHMH
noK33HHKaMH. fleAaAi aKTHBHiuie BiAÖyßaeTbcn npouec 30ah>kchhh Kjia-
ciß i couiajibHHx rpyn, TpyAißHHKiß MicTa fi cejia, npauiBHHKiB po3yMOBoi*
Ta cJ}i3HHHoi' npaui. Oahhm 3 HaftnoMiTHiuiHx (J)aKTopiß npocyBaHHH paAHH-
CbKoro cycnijibCTBa ao couiajibHol OAHopiAHOCTi CTajio yTBepA>KeHHH Heno-
pyujHoro coK)3y poöiTHHqoro KAacy, KOJirocnHoro cejiHHCTBa i HapoAHoI
iHTejiireHuri, hkhh ciaHOBHTb couiaAbHy ocHOBy C P C P .
B pe3yjibTaTi iHiiiHM, y nopiBHHHHi 3 nonepeAHiM eianoM, CTajio co-
uia^bHe oÖAHqqa paAHHCbKoro cycnijibCTBa. Horo 3MiHH BiAÖyAHCH Ha
ocHOBi peBOJiiouiHHoi Ueojiorii i MopaAi, KOJieKTHBicTCbKoi ncHxoAorii,
iHTepeciß Ta iAeaAiß poöiTHHqoro KAacy, HKi cTaiOTb HHHi HaAÖaHHHM
ycix KJiaciß i BepcTB C P C P . PoöiTHHqnfi KJiac Ha cyqacHOMy eTani nepe-
TBOpHBCH He TiAbKH B H3 fiqHCAeHHilHHH KAaC, a fi y ÓijlblUiCTb TpyAOBOrO
HapoAy i CTaHOBHTb Mafiwe Aßi TpeTHHH HacejieHHH KpaiHH (y Apyrift
nojioBHHi 30-x poKiB— V3). Ajie noro Micue b cycnijibHOMy nporpeci BH3-
HaqaeTbCH He TiAbKH qHceAbHicTio, HKa 3MiHioeTbCH BUnoBiAHO ao TeMniB
HayKOBo-TexHiqHoro nporpecy. IlpoBiAHa pojib poöiTHHqoro KAacy— ro-
JTOBHOi npOAyKTHBHOl CHAH CycniAbCTBa — 3yM0BJU06TbCH 3pOCTaHHHM
noro iAeiiHO-noAiTHqHoi' 3piAOcri, ocßiqeHOCTi Ta npocJjecifiHoi* KBajiicJ)iKa-
uri. 3Mi*HJoeTbCH xapaKTep TpyAOBoro npouecy cyqacHHx poöiTHHKiß, hkhh
AeAajii öLabine HanoBHioeTbcn iHTeAeKTyaAbHHM 3MicTOM, HaÖAH>KaeTbCH
ao npaui iH>KeHepHo-TexHiqHHx npauiBHHKiB. 3HaqHO 3pic KBaAi(|)iKauifi-
hhh Ta ocßiTHifi pißeHb poöiTHHqoro KAacy. B 1984 p. 3 1000 npauioioqHX
noro npeACTaBHHKiß 825 MaAH BHiuy Ta cepeAHK) (noBHy fi HenoBHy)
ocBiTy, THMqacoM hk y 1939 p. — 87, toöto b 9,5 pa3a MeHine 15 16. «IIoAiTHq-
Hhii AOCBiA poöiTHHqoro KAacy, noro bhcokb CBiAOMicTb, opraHi30BaHicTb
i boah,— BiA3HaqaeTbcn b HOBifi peAaKuii* IlporpaMH K I 1 P C ,— 3rypTO-
ByiOTb Haine cycnijibCTBO. 3pocTaHHH 3araAbHoocßiTHboro, KyAbTypHoro
i npoc{)eciHHoro piBHH, TpyAOBoi i cycniAbHO-noAiTHHHoi’ aKTHBHOCTi po
öiTHHqoro KAacy niABHiuye noro aßaHrapAHy poAb y BAOCKOHajieHHi
couiaAi3My, b KOMyHicTHqHOMy öyAißHHUTBi» ,6.
B Mipy iHAycTpiajii3auii ciAbCbKorocnoAapcbKoro bhpoöhhutb3 tah- öoK i 3pymeHHH BiAÖyßaiOTbCH b >KHrri mnrocnHoro ceAHHCTBa, b noro
couiaAbHOMy oÖAHqqi i ncHxoAorii’. Oö’€Kthbhoio npnqHHOio uboro e 3Mi-
hh b xapaKTepi npaui KOArocnHHKiB, 3pocTaHHH piBHH ycycniAbHeHHH
BHpoÖHHUTBa, noro Koonepauii*, cneuiaAi3auii Ta KOHueHTpauii, m o , b
cbok) qepry, ct3ao pe3yAbTaTOM 3MiH y xapaKTepi fi po3BHTKy npoAyK-
thbhhx cha, HacaMnepeA, y MaTepiaAbHO-TexHiqHifi öa3i cycniAbCTBa B3a-
raAi, ciAbCbKoro rocnoAapcTBa 30KpeMa. BHacAiAOK au uhx Ta iHiUHX (J)aK-
TopiB, a T3KO>K qepe3 Mirpauiio 3HaqHoi‘ KiAbKocTi ciAbCbKHX >KHTeAiß y
MicTa qHceAbHicTb KOArocnHoro ceAHHCTBa Ta fioro nHTOMa Bara cepeA
3afiHHToro HaceAeHHH nocTifiHO 3MeHinyeTbCH. Ha cepeAHHy 80-x poniB
fioro qacTKa 3HH3HAacH ao Vs ßcix 3afiHHTHx y HapoAHOMy rocnoAapcTBi
k p a i h h (y Apyrifi noAOBHHi 30-x poniB — 45%).
Oah3 k 3MeHiiieHHH nHTOMoI Barn ceAHHCTBa He o3Haqae 3HH>KeHHH
noro cycniAbHoi’ poAi. HaBnaKH, bohb nocTifiHO 3pocTae (hk, ao peqi, KO/KHoi couiaAbHoi rpynH). LUbhakhmh TeMnaMH AOAaeTbcn pi3HHun b
noöyTi, onAaTi npaui, ocßiTHbOMy piBHi poöiTHHqoro KAacy, ceAHHCTBa Ta
iHTeAireHuii'. Tan, y 1940— 1984 pp. peaAbHi aoxoah TpyAißHHKiß ceAa
3pocAH b 7,9 pa3a, a KiAbKicTb Ix 3 bhiuoio i cepeAHboio (noBHOio Ta He-
noBHoio) ocßiTOK) Ha 1000 3afiHHTHX — y 39 pa3iß (npoTH 9,5 pa3a cepeA
poöiTHHqoro KAacy) 17. «y xoAi nocAiAOBHoro 3AificHeHHH arpapHOi noAi- THKii napTii,— BK33y€Tbcn y HOßifi peAaKuii* IlporpaMH K I 1 P C , — ßiAÖy-
15 HapoAHoe xo3hhctbo CCCP b 1984 r. Ctst. e/KeroAiniK.— K., 1985.— C. 32 (nia-
paxyHKH aBTopa).
16 HporpaMa KoMymcTHMHoT napTii PaABiicbKoro Coi03y: HoBa peA.— C. 41.
17 HapoAHoe xo3hhctbo CCCP b 1984 r.— C. 32, 426 (riiApaxynKii aBTopa).
BaioTbca nepeTBopeHHH ciAbCbKorocnoAapcbKoi npaui b pi3HOBHA iHAy-
CTpiaJIbHOi*, CTHpaHHH idOTHHX COUiaJIbHHX, K>MbTypHO-no6 yTOBHX BW-
MiHHocieft Mi>K MicTOM i cejiOM; cnociö >khtth i xapaKTep npaui ceAHH-
CTBa CTaiOTb yce öijibin cxo>khmh 3 cnocoßoM >khtth i xapaKTepoM npaui
poöiTHHHoro KAacy» 18. JXo uboro CAiA AOAara, mo Ha cepeunHy 60-x po-
KiB npaKTHMHO 3HHK npOUiapOK CeJIHH-OAHOOCiÖHHKiB Ta HeKoonepoBaHHx
KVCTapiB.
CnpaBAi HapoAHOio, couiajiicTHMHOio CTajia iHTCAireHuin, HKa 3Haq-
HOK) MipOK) nonOBHK)€TbCH 3 CepeAOBHIUa pOÖiTHHKiß i CeAHH. BoHa BÖa-
qae cBoe noKAHKaHHH b TOMy, mo6 BiAAaBam TBopqy eHepriio cnpaßi
napTi’i i HapoAy — noßyAOBi KOMyHicTHHHoro cycniAbCTBa. Ha cyqacHOMy
eiani i'T nncejibHicTb 3pocTae HaftiiiBHAUiHMH TeMnaMH nopiBHHHo 3 iHuin-
mh couia.ibHHMH rpynaMH. HnHi cepeA koxchoI 1000 npamoioqHX npeA-
CTaBHHKiB iHTeviireHuii 987 moa. MaiOTb BHiuy ft cepeAHio (noBHy Ta He-
noBHy) ocBiiy npom 546 y Apyrift nojioBHHi 30-x poKiß 19. Ueft 3aK0H0-
MipHHft npouec e pe3yAbTaTOM nojiiTHKH napTi'i, cnpnMOBaHoi Ha BceMip-
He npHCKopeHHH HayKOBO-TexHinHoro nporpecy, AaAbine niABHiueHHH
KyjibTypn ft ocBineHocTi HapoAy. Tenep iHTejiireHuin ciaHOBHTb 6 ah3bko
qBepii Bcix 3aftHHTHx y HapoAHOMy rocnoAapcTBi (y Apyrift noAOBHHi
30-X pOKiB— 16,5%). OT>Ke, KOvKHHÖ qeTBepTHft npauiBHHK 3ß’H3aHHft B
ocHOBHOMy 3 po3yMOBOio npaueio. B cboio qepry, y BHpoÖHHnift AinAb-
HOdi MiAbftoHiB poóiTHHKiB i ceJiHH Bee TicHiuie nepenjiiTaeTbcn (J)i3HHHa
i po3yMOBa npaun.
y 3araJibHK)ioqHft bhchobok 3 uhx npoueciß 3poÖAeHO b HOBift peAaK-
uii llporpaMH KnPC. «PeBOAiouifim nepeTBopeHHH b npoAyKTHBHHx ch-
Jiax,— rOBOpHTbCH B Hifi,— BeAyTb AO 3pOCT3HHH B AiHAbHOCTl’ HaftlHHpUiHX
Mac poóiTHHKiB i KOJirocnHHKiB nHTOMOi Barn po3yMOBOi npaui. BoAHonac
3 6 i^biuyeTbCH KiAbKicTb iHTejiireHuii, niABHiuyeTbcn n TBopqwft BHecoK y
MaTepiajibHe bhpoóhhutbo Ta iHini c(j)epH cycniAbHoro >khtth» 20.
TaKHM HHHOM, p03BHT0K COUiaJIbHO-KJiaCOBOl CTpyKTypH paAHHCbKO-
ro cycniAbCTBa nepeöyßae HHHi Ha nonaTKy CBoro TpeTboro eTany, mo,
hk y>Ke BiA3HaqajiocH, 36iraeTbcn i3 cyqacHHM eTanoM p03BHTKy Ha-
inoi KpaiHH.
BiAnoßiAb Ha nHTaHHH npo Te, hk couiaAbHO-KAacoBa CTpyKTypa pa-
AHHCbKOrO CycniAbCTBa p03BHBaTHMeTbCH AaAi, T3KO>K MiCTHTbCH B HOBift
peAaKuil llporpaMH KI1PC. CnwpaioqHCb Ha MapKCHCTCbKO-AeHiHCbKy
Teopiio, KoMyHicTHMHa napTin BH3HaqHAa nocAiAOBHicTb AaAbuinx eTaniB
npocyBaHHH paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa y HanpHMi ao couiaAbHoI OAHopia-
HOCTi. npH UbOMy, BpaXOByiOHH ypOKH MHHyAOrO, BOHa He CTaAa BCT3H0B-
AJOB3TH XpOHOAOriHHi paMKH AOCHTHeHHH nporpaMHHX py6 e>KiB, OCKiAbKH
TaKHft niAxiA He BnnpaBAaB ce6 e 21“ 22.
MapKCHCTCbKa MOAeAb p03BHTKy KA3C0B01 CTpyKTypH AlOACbKOTO
cycniAbCTBa Mae bhtaha TaKoi’ TpHnAeHHoi* <j)opMyAH: 6e3KAacoBe cycniAb-
ctbo (nepßicHooßmHHHHft AaA)— KAacoBe cycniAbCTBO (aHTaroHicTHHHi
noAiTHMHi CHCTeMH, icTopHHHo TpHBaAHft nepioA icHyBaHHH HeaHTaroHi-
cthhhhx KAaciB npH couiaAi3Mi) — cycniAbCTBO, b HKOMy He 6 yAe noAiAy
AioAeft Ha KAacH (BHma CTyniHb 3piA0CTi couiaAicTHHHoro cycniAbCTBa,
Apyra (J)a3a KOMymcranHoi (J)opMauii).
HayKOBo nepeAÖanaioqH Kpi3b TOBmy AecHTHAiTb HafticTOTHimi pncw
nporpecy cycniAbCTBa, K. MapKC i <l>. EHreAbc, npnpoAHO, He MorAH BKa-
33TH Ha TOHHy nOCAiAOBHiCTb Ta eTanH p03BHTKy COUiaAbHO-KAaCOBOl
CTpyKTypH, 60 Â IH Uboro He 6 yAO KOHKpeTHHX ABHHX peaAbHOl AiftCHOCTi.
CaMe TOMy O. EHreAbc BiA3HaqaB, mo HCHy KapTHHy eKOHOMiqHoI icTopii*
HKoro-HeöyAb nepioAy mojkh3 AicTaTH TiAbKH nicAH toto, hk 3i6paHO i
ia IlporpaMa KoMyHicTHMHoT napiiT PaAHHCbKoro Cok)3y: Hoßa peA.— C. 41.
,9 HapoAHoe x03hhctbo CCCP b 1984 r.— C. 32 (IliApaxyHKH aBTopa).
20 IlporpaMa KoMVHicTHHHoI napiiT PaAHHCbKoro Coi03y: HoBa pcA.— C. 41.
21-22 MaiepiaAH XXVII 3’l3Ay KoMymcnmnoT napiiT PaAHHCbKoro Coio3y.—C. 112.
nepeßipeHO MaTepiaA npo Ti ah iHiui noAii, mo B*e BiAÖyBaAHCA23. Flo-
AiflHJcniH mo TOHKy 3opy, B. I. JleHiH 3aABAAB, mo r jia npaBHAbHoi opieH-
Tauii y CKjiaAHHx npouecax i ABHmax cboroAHiuiHboro ah a, bhpoöachha
nporH03iB Aâ biiioro po3BHTKy cycnijibCTBa HeoöxiAHO «...apaxoByBaTH
JKHBe jkhtth, toahi (Jokth diüCHOCTi...» 2*. CaMe TaKHi'i niAxiA AO cycnijlb-
HHX HBHIU AaB BoAOAHMHpy iAAiqy MOJKAHBiCTb y HOBHX iCTOpHAHHX }’MO-
Bax TBopio po3BHB3TH peBOAKmiimy cnpaßy i bachha K. Mapxca Ta
EHreAbca, 3axHmaTH ix Teopiio BiA peßi3ioHicTCbKHx Ta AorManmHHx
nepeKpyieHb.3 HaqHe Micue b AemHCbKiii TeopeTHAHiii cnaAmHHi 3aÜMaioTb mothbh
couiaabHoi CTpyKTypn. 3 araabHOßiAOMe Bnc-ioBAioBaHHH B. I. Jlenina npo
Ba^AHBicTb bhbachha 3MiH y couiaAbHin erpyiaypi aaa ycBiAOMAeHHA
nepcneKTHB po3BHTKy b öyAb-AKin raAyai rpoMaACbKOi AiflAbHocri2S.
npoTe B oaoahmhp ljiJiin nonepeAJKaß, mo BH3HaqeHHA cBoepiAHocTi 3aB-
AaHHH KO*Horo eTany po3BHTKy e Ayxte BancKoio cnpaßoio26. Ue crocy-
eTbCH AK eTaniß AHHaMiKH couiajibHoi CTpyKTypn hoboto cycniAbCTBa,
TaK i B3araAi nepioAiß po3BHTKy ocTaHUboro. 3 oKpeMa, Ha 3anHTaHHH, qe-
pe3 «Ki KOHKpeTHi eTann ii 3AincHioioAH AKi caMe npaKTHAHi 3axoAH aioa-
ctbo HTHMe AO KOMyHiaMy, B. I. JleHiH HaßiTb HanepeAOAHi B cahkoto
>Kobtha me He Mir asth qiTKoi BiAnoBiAi. Uboro «...m h He 3HaeMo i 3H3th
He MOHCeMO»,— BiABepTO 33HBHB BiH 27 28 29.
TijibKH y3ara^bHHBUin i npoaHajri3yBaBUin nepmi KpoKH couiaaicTnq-
Horo öyAiBHHUTBa b Hamiii Kpami, B oaoahmhp iAJiiq c<))opMyAioBaB no.io-
jKeHHA npo eTanu po3BHTKy couiaAi3My i Bnepme bjkiib TcpMiHH «po3Bii-
HyTe couiaAicTHqHe cycniAbCTBO», «3jmahö couia.ii3M», «roTOßi <j)opMH co-
uiaai3My>, «BHKiHqeHHü couia.ni3M»2S, toÖto BH3HaqeHHA, npHTaMaHHi
couiajii3My Ha thx eTanax ńoro po3BHTKy, koah BiH Aocnnie neBHHX 3piAnx
(J)opM. BoAHoqac B oaoahmhp lAAiq BH3HaBaB: «...Hkhh 6yAe couiaAi3M,
KOAH ÄOCATHe TOTOBHX <j)OpM,— MH UbOTO He 3Ha€MO, UbOro CKa33TH He
MOMeMO. ...LLl,o6 m h 3apa3 3H3AH, AK BHrAAAaTHMe BHKiHqeHHü couia-
Ai3M,— m h uboro He 3HaeMO»
O a h 3k kojkhhh npojKHTHH B yMOBax hoboto a aAy AeHb AaßaB TaKHi'i 6araTiomHH MaTepiaA aaa Teopii i npaKTHKH couiaAicTnqHoro öyAißHnu-
TBa, HacTiAbKH 3ÖaraqyBaB KoMymcTHAHy napTiio AocßiAOM, mo B*e qe-
pe3 n’ATb poKiB nicAA BeAHKoro X obtha B. I. JleHiH BKa3yBaB, mo «m h ...
OAepHtaAH AOCHTb piAKHlt B iCTOpÜ BHnaAOK yCTaHOBAIOBaTH CTpOKH, He-
OÖXiAHi AAA npOBeAeHHA KOpiHHHX COUiaAbHHX 3MiH, i MH ACHO ÖaqHMO
Tenep, iąo mojkh3 3poÖHTH 3a n’ATb poKiB i aaa qoro noTpiÖHi 3HaqHO
ÖiAbUli CTpOKH...» 30.
KoMyHiCTHqHa napTin y cboIh öaraTorpaHHiii poÖOTi, b TOMy AHCAi b
TeOpeTHAHift AtAAbHOCTl, KepyBaAaCA i KepyeTbCA UH MH AeHiHCbKHMH HaCTa-
HOBaMH. O co6ahboi aKTyaAbHOCTi bohh HaöyAH Ha cyqacHOMy eTani
couiaAicTHAHoro 6yAißHHUTBa. IlocAiAOBHicTb i HacrynmcTb y Teopii, BKa-
3yßaB M. C. ropöaqoB Ha JKOBTHeBOMy (1985 p.) ÜAeHyMi U K KI1PC,
HeoAMiHHo nepeAßaqaiOTb ii TBopqnü po3BHTOK, 36araqeHHA npnHunno-
bhmh noAO>KeHHAMH BiAnoßiAHO AO icTopHAHoro AOCBiAy. Tenep mh Kpa-
23 A hb.: EnreJibc O. Bciyn ao npaui K. Mapnca «KAacoBa 6opoTb6a y OpaHUil
3 1848 no 1850 p.»//MapKc K., EHrej i bc O. TBopii — T. 22.— C. 501—5Ö2.
24 J leHiH B. 1. JIhctii npo TaKTiiKy//FIoBHe 3i6p. TBopiB.— T. 31— C. 130.
25 f l HB.: J leHiH B. I. lipo couia-ibHy crpyKTypy B.iaAH, nepcneKTHBii i îKßUa-
TopCTBo//TaM >Ke.— T. 20.— C. 176.
26 flHB.: J leHiH B. I. flonoßiAb npo poöoTV BUBK i PaAHapnô iy Ha nepinin Ce
cil BUBK VII CKJiiiKaHHH 2 .iiOToro 1920 p.//TaM »e.— T. 40.— C. 100—101.
27 JleHiH B. 1. flepwaBa i peBOJiiouin: Bhchhh MapncH3My npo AepncaBy i 3aB-
ABhhh npojieiapiaiy b peBOJiiouil//TaM »e.— T. 33.— C. 95.
28 A hb.: Jlei i in B. 1. IloBHe 3i6p. TBopiB.— T. 36.— C. 62, 132; T. 40.— C. 101.
29 JleHiH B. I. BHcrynH npoTH nonpaBKH ByxapiHa ao pe30AiouiI npo FIporpaMy
napTil 8 6epe3. : CbOMiin eKdpeHHfl 3*l3A PKn(6) 6—8 6epe3. 1918 p.//TaM »e.—
T. 36.— C. 62.
30 J leHiH B. I. Hk naM peopraHi3yBaTH PoöceAbiHcneKUiio: (npono3Huia XII 3’i3-
AOBi napTii).— TaM »e.— T. 45.— C. 365.
me, TOHHime ynBAHeMo ihahxh BAOCKOHajieHHH couiajii3My, a ocnrHeHHH
Haiuoi* nporpaMHo! Mera — KOMyHi3My31. U h AyMKa AicTajia po3bhtok i
oßrpyHTyBaHHH b roAOBHOMy TeoperanHOMy ft nojiiranHOMy AOKyMeHTi napTil. HarpoMaA>KeHHft aocbIa , HayKOBe ocmhcachha 3MiH y BHyTpiui-
HbOMy >KHTTi KpaiHH i Ha CBiTOBift apeHi, HKi BiAGyAHcn nicjin npHftHHTra
TpeTboi riporpaMH, BiA3HanaeTbcn b HbOMy, Aaiora MO>KjiHBicTb Tonmuie ft
KOHKperaime BH3HanHra nepcneKTHBH po3BHray paAHHCbKoro cycnijibCTBa,
1UAHXH ft 3aCOÖH AOC5irHeHHH KiHUeBOl Mera — KOMyHi3My, 3aBAaHHH Mi>K-
HapOAHOl nOAiTHKH B HOBHX iCTOpHHHHX yMOBaX 32.
Bhxoahhh 3 Uboro, naprin BH3HanHJia cynacHHfi nepioA hk bhhhtkobo
CKJiaAHHft i BiAnOBiAaJIbHHft BiApi30K icTopii, mo BeAHKOIO Mipoio — hk y
BHyipi in HbOMy, Tax i MiaraapoAHOMy njiaHi — Mae nepeAOMHHft
xapaKTep 33.
3 ypaxyBaHHHM peajibHoereft cboroAHiuiHboro ahh Ta KOMyrncranHOi
nepcneKTHBH KpaiHH, KBiraeBHft (1985 p.) RneHyM UK KI1PC BHcyHyB
i BceßinHO oGrpyHTyBaB po3ropHyTy KOHuenuiio npncKopeHHH couiajibHO-
eKOHOMinHoro po3BHTKy KpaiHH i AocnrHeHHH Ha uift ocHOBi hoboto HKic-
Horo daHy paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa. BoHa Aae kaioh ao p03yMiHHH cyT-
HOCTi npOÖAeM, mo BHHHKAH, a T3KO>K AO BH3HaneHHH LUAHXiB i MeTOAlB
ix po3BłH3aHHn. BncyBaiOHH ue 3aBAaHHH, BKa3yB3B M. C. TopfianoB,
UeHTpajibHHft KoMiTeT Mae Ha yBa3i He npocTO niABHmeHHH TeMniB 3po-
CTaHHn HapoAHoro rocnoAapcraa, MOBa ftAe npo HOBy HKicra 3pocTaHHH,
nepexiA Ha iHTeHCHBHi peftKH po3BHray, uibhakc npocyBaHHH BnepeA Ha
crpaTerinHo b3>kjihbhx HanpnMax, CTpyKTypHy nepeöyAOBy eKOHOMiKH,
BHKopHCTaHHn e(J)eKTHBHHX (J)opM ynpaBAiHHH, opraHi3auii i craMyAio-
BaHHH npaui, noBHime po3B*H3aHHH couiajibHHx nHTaHb34 35. CaMe b UbOMy
KOpiHb cnpaBH, b UbOMy bch cyra Hauinx npoßjieM, niAKpecAiOBaAocn Ha
jKOBraeBOMy (1985 p.) ELneHyMi UK KüPC35. Mirao ft rpaHHHHO hcho
po3KpHTO ocoöjiHBicTb nacy, mo ftoro nepe>KHBae HHHi Hama Kparaa, y
riojiiraHHift AonoßiAi UK KFIPC XXVII 3łi3AOBi napTÜ: «HnHiuiHifi
eian — eTan HKicHoro nepeTBopeHHH cycnijibCTBa...» 36.
KoHuenuin npncKopeHHH couiaAbHO-eKOHOMinHoro p03BHray paAHH-
CbKoro cycniAbcraa, nepeGyBaiOHH b npnMOMy HaerynHHUbKOMy 3ß’n3Ky
3 noAOJKeHHHM npo po3BHHyraft couiaAi3M, yTOHHioe, KOHKpeTH3ye i TBop-
no nepeocMHCAioe floro. Y rioAiranHift AonoßiAi UK XXVII 3’i3AOBi
KFIPC M. C. TopGanoB HaraAaB, mo ue noAoaceHHH aictbao nomnpeHHH
hk peaKuin Ha noAermeHi yHBAeHHH npo ihahxh i ctpokh po3BłH3aHHH
3aBAaHb KOMyHicranHoro GyAiBHHuraa37. KoHuenuin >k npncKopeHHH
poöHTb HaroAoc He Ha CTynem 3piAocri couiaAicranHoro cycniAbcraa, ą
Ha HeoGxiAHOCTi floro BceGinHoro, AHHaMinHoro npocyBaHHH BnepeA Ha
Bcix nanpHMax KOMyrncranHoro raopeHHH; He Ha cnorAHAaHHi AoenrHy-
Toro, a Ha eHepriftHHx, neßiAKA3ahhx Ainx. BoHa Aae 3Mory noGawra
GaraTOMipHicTb i CKAaAHicra nocTäBAeHHx Ha nopHAOK achhhü 3aBAaHb.
YTonHeHy ouiHKy AoenrHyToro pißHH cycniAbHoro po3BHray asho b ho-
Biń peAaKuii üporpaMH KI1PC, 30KpeMa b noAO>KeHHi npo BCTyn Harnoi
KpaiHH b eTan po3BHHyToro couiaAi3My. Tannft bhchobok 3acTepirae bIa
3a6iraHHH BnepeA i HauiAioe Ha TpHBaAHft uiahx yAOCKOHaAeHHH noGyAOr
BaHoro b CPCP couiaAi3My.
Hoßa peAaKuin IlporpaMH KÜPC, 3 oahoto Gony, (j)iKcye AoenrHyTe,
a 3 Apyroro — 3 ycieio neBHicTio nporoAomye, noro napTin ÄoGHBaeracn,
31 MaTepia^H IÎ eHyMV UeHTpaJibiioro KoMiTeiv K11PC 15 äobtiih 1985 p.— K.,
1985.— C. 6.
32 UHB.: üporpaMa KoMyiiicTHMHoT napiii PaAHHCbKoro Coi03y: Hoßa peA.— C. 4.
33 Maiepiajm XXVII 3’i3Ay KoMyHicTHHHoI napTil PaAHHCbKoro Coio3y.— C. 3.
34 T o p 6 a m o b M . C. KopiHHe nmaHHA eKOHOMiqHoI no/iiTHKii napTil.— K.,
1985.— C. 4.
35 MaTepia.ui n.icuyMv UeinpaJibiioro KoMiTeiv KÜPC 15 >kobt. 1985.— K.,
1985.— C. 5. ,
36 MaTepiaAii XXVII 3’i3Äy KoMynicTHHHoI napTil Pâ HHCbnoro Coio3y.— C. 92.
37 TaM »e .— C. 111.
yKp. icT. vcypn., 1986, Jtä 8 3* 35
3a mo 6opeTbCH. U e — nporpaMa nAaHOMipHoro i BceöiaHoro BAOCKOHa-
jieHHH couiaAicTHHHoro cycnijibCTBa, 6ijibiu noBHoro i ec)>eKTHBHoro bhko-
pHCTaHHH fioro mojkjiHBocTeft i nepeBar, AaAbiuoro npocyBaHHHH ao ko-
MyHi3My Ha ocHOBi npucKopeHHH couiaAbHO-eKOHOMiaHoro posBHTKy
KpaiHH.
B roAOBHOMy TeopeTHaHOMy i noAiTHanoMy AOKyMeHTi napTii He cra-
BHTbCH MeTOio nepeAöaaHTH MańóyTHe B ycifi pi3HOMaHiTHOCTi fioro koh-
KpeTHHX npOHBiB. y HbOMy AH Hie OKpeCAIOIOTbCH KOHTypH THX HKiCHO HO-
bhx icTopHMHHx py6e»iß B eKOHOMiaHifi, couiaAbHifi, noAiTHiHifi raAysHx,
y AyxoBHOMy JKHrri, mo lx Mae aochtth paAHHCbKe cycniAbCTBo b pe3yAb-
TaTi 3AificHeHHH 3aBAaHb IlporpaMH. üp n ubOMy 3H3hho 6tAbma yBara,
nopiBHHHO 3 II nonepeAHbOK) peuaKuieio, npHAiAHCTbcn couiaAbHifi c<t>epi,
HeoöxiAHOCTi aah napTii MaTH couiaAbHo CHAbHy noAiTHKy, CKAaAOBOio
H3CTHH0K) HKOl € COUiaAbHO-KAaCOBi BiAHOCHHH. OcTaHHiM y AOKyMeHTi
npHCBHHeHO OKpeMHH niAp03AlA. y HbOMy MiCTHTbCfl p03po6xa 3 aKOHOMip-
HOCTefi CTaHOBAeHHH 6e3K.iacoBoi cTpyKTypH Ta (J>opMyBaHHH couiaAbHo
OAHopiAHoro cycniAbCTBa, mo e opramaHoio aacTHHOio KOHuenuil npncKO-
peHHH COUiaAbHO-eKOHOMiHHOrO p03BHTKy KpaiHH, AOCHTHeHHH HKiCHO
HOBoro CTaHy paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa.
y «OBiß peAaKuil IlporpaMH hk roAOBHOMy AOKyMeHTi napTii snep-
uie 3poÖAeHO peaAbHe nepeAÖaaeHHn nocAiAOBHocri eTanlB p03BHTKy
couiaabHO-KAacoBoI CTpyKTypH paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa Ha iCTopHHHy
nepcneKTHBy. OT»e, i b couiaAbHifi c$epi napTia, BAHB-nsnoancb y Mafi-
ÖyTHe, nepeKOHAiFBo oörpyHTOBye cboI HayKOBi nporH03H Ha ocHOBi MeTO-
AOAorii HayKOBoro KOMyHi3My. BoHa BHxoAHTb 3 toto, mo «a cyuacHOMy
eTani po3BHTKy couiaAi3My y craHOBHiui KAaciB i couiaAbHHX rpyn me
3aAHUiaiOTbCH iCTOTHi COUiaAbHO-eKOHOMilHi BiAMiHHOCTi (Mi>K po6iTHH-
HHM KA3COM i KOATOCnHHM CeAHHCTBOM; Mi>K TpyAiBHHK3MH MiCTa fi CeAa;
M i» pOÖiTHHHHM KA3COM i KOATOCnHHM CeAHHCTBOM, 3 OAHOTO ÖOKy, Ta
iHTeAireHuiero i cAy»6oBUHMH-HecneuiaAicTaMH — 3 Apyroro, toöto Mixt
npeACTaBHHKaMH nepeBa>KHO 4>13hhhoI i nepeßa>KHO po3yMOBo! npaui; M i»
BHVTpiuiHiMH couiaAbHHMH rpynaMH fi BepcTBaMH Ta im).
KpiM Toro, napTia BpaxoBye, mo cneuH<|)iHHi noTpećm pi3HHx KAaciB
Ta couiaAbHHX BepcTB He BHKAioaaioTb i neBHHX cynepeaHOCTefi M i» iHTe-
pecaMH OKpeMHX iHAHBiAiB an rpyn AiOAefi, cynepeaHOCTefi, mo, hk 3a3Ha-
aaB B . I. JleHiH, 3 aAHmaioTbca npn couiaAi3 M i38. IcHyiOTb bohh i Ha cy-
aacHOMy eTani. Ba»AHBe MeTOAOAoriaHe sHaaeHHa b UbOMy 3 ß’a3 Ky Ma-
K)Tb 3poÖAeHi Ha X X V II 3’i3Ai K n P C 3ayBa»eHHa npo Te, mo oÖCTaHOB-
Ka cboroAHi, xoa 6h hkoio BOHa 6yxa cnpHHTAHBoio, Mae cboI cynepea-
HOCTi i TpyAHomi. Te, mo rocTpoTa » httcbhx cynepeaHOCTefi HepiAKo
irHopyBaAaca, AaeTbca B3HaKH, npoaBAaioaHCb y CBiAOMOcTi AiOAefi, IxHix
Aiax i noBeAiHui. Bee ue Tpe6a nocTifiHO MaTH Ha yBa3i39.
HaaBHicTb cynepeaHOCTefi Mae 0 6 ’eKTHBHHfi xapaKTep, nporpec He
M o»e 6 yTH BiAbHHM BiA h h x . A couiaAi3M — ue cycniAbCTBo, axe nocTifi-
Ho po3BHBaeTbca, i ko» hhh eTan uboro po3BHTKy BHMarae AaAbinoro
BAOCKOHaAeHHa CycniAbHHX BiAHOCHH. He CAiA BHKAIOaaTH ft CyÖ’eKTHB-
hhx npuaHH noHBH cynepeaHOCTefi, noB’a3aHHX 3 He 33b» ah npaBHAbHHM
po3yMiHHHM yciel cKAaAHocTi couiaAbHHX npoueciB. Oah3k cynepeaHOCTi
npn couiaAi3Mi MatOTb HeaHTaroHicTHaHHft xapaKTep. B yMOBax couiaAb-
HO-nOAiTHaHOl CAHOCTi CycniAbCTBa BOHH p03B’H3yiOTbCH 33BAHKH CniAbHHM
uiAecnpaMOBaHHM 3 ycHAAHM yeix rpyn TpyAJUUHX, KepoBaHHX KoMyHicTHa-
hok> napTieio, aua couiaAbHa noAiTHKa BpaxoBye iHTepecn hk ycboro Ha-
poAy. TaK i KAaciB Ta couiaAbHHX rpyn, 3 hkhx BiH cKAauaeTbca, cnpHMo-
Bye lx b OAHe cniAbHe pycAO. CouiaAbHa noAiTHKa K Ü P C ueAani 6 ixb-
me 30cepeA»yeTbca Ha noAOAaHHi BiAMiHHocrefi, mo BHXOAHTb 3a paMKH
OKpeMHX KAaciB, Ha po3B’H3aHHi npoÖAeM, HKi BHMaratOTb HafiyBa»Himo-
M JlllB.: JleHHHCKHH CÖOpilHK, XI.— C. 357.
’ * MaTepia.nn XXVII 3i’3,ay KoMynicTimHoi napTii PaARHCbKoro Coioay.— C. 103.
ro BpaxyßaHHH ocoÖAHBoereft Ta iHTepeciß ko>khoi rpynn Hainoro cy
cniAbCTBa.
AHajii3 BKa3aHHx B«me npoueciß a ae niACTaBy BBa>KaTH, mo toaob-
hok) TeHAeHuieio 3MiH y couiaAbHifi CTpyKTypi paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa
i Ha cyqacHOMy eTani, i b HacTynHOMy e noAOJiaHHH HaHBHHx, HacaMne-
peA couiajibHO-KjiacoBHx, BiAMiHHOCTeft, AaAbiue 36jiH>KeHHH KAaciß i coui
aAbHHx rpyn. fliaAeKTHKa uieT roAOBHoi TeHAeHuil BHHBjineTbCH b TOMy,
mo BOHa Aie oAHonacHo 3 AajibiiiHM po3bhtkom ycix KAaciß Ta couiajibHHX
rpyn, BceöinHHM po3KpHTTHM ix TBopnnx MO>KJiHBOCTen i cneuH(})inHHx
ocoßjiHBOCTeß, 3pocTaHHHM pojii B yAOCKOHaAeHHi couia;ii3My. Orae,
npHHunn noeAHaHHH nocAiAOBHOcri ft oAHonacHOCTi npHTaMaHHHft TaKOÄ
roAOBHift TeHAeHuil 3MiH couiaAbHO-KAacoBol CTpyKTypn cycniAbCTBa.
Ha3BaHnft npHHUHn y HOBifi peAaKuil IlporpaMH napTii 3acTOCOBaHO
npH po3po6ui npoÖAeM cjiopMyBaHHH couiaAbHO OAHopiAHoro cycniAbCTBa.
y AOKyMeHTi niTKO p03pi3HHK)TbCH KAaCOBi i COUiaAbHi BiAMiHHOCTi, BiA-
3HaqaeTbCH, mo cnoqaTKy BiAßyAeTbcn noAOAaHHH kabcobhx, a b Hacryn-
HOMy — couiaAbHHx BiAMiHHocTeft (i ue B>Ke 3AiftcHioeTbCH), mo BKa3ye Ha
nocAiAOBHicTb Ta eTann AaHoro npouecy. Ba>KAHBOio 3aKOHOMipHicTio
po3BHTKy couiaAbHHx bIahochh Ha cynacHOMy eTani, BH3HaneHOK) b HOBift
peAaKuil napTifiHoi IlporpaMH, e 3ÖAH>KeHHH poßiTHHnoro KAacy, koa-
rocnHoro ceAHHCTBa Ta iHTeAireHuii, CTaHOBAeHHH 6e3KAacoBoi crpyKTy-
pw cycniAbCTBa npn BHpiinaAbHift poAi y UbOMy npoueci poöiTHHnoro
KAacy40. TaKHM HHHOM, n0A0A3HHH KAaCOBHX BiAMiHHOCTeft T3K0>K BiAÖy-
BaTHMeTbCH pa30M i3 CTaHOBAeHHHM 6e3KAaC0B01 CTpyKTypn paAHHCbKOrO
cycniAbCTBa.
3 noro noHHHaeTbcn npouec Uboro CTaHOBAeHHn b yMOBax HeaHTaro-
HicTHHHoro cycniAbCTBa? B. I. JleHiH bhhb, mo nicAH noBaAeHHH noMimn-
KiB i KaniTaAicTiB HacTynHHM npoKOM (B>ne npn couiaAi3Mi) y 3HnmeHHi
KAaciß e AiKBiAauin BiAMiHHOCTeft Mi>K poöiTHHKOM i ccahhhhom41. AHa-
Ai3 npaKTHKH cboroAeHHH Aae niACTaBy BBan^ara, mo HacaMnepeA 6yAe
yCyHyTO pi3HHUIO Mi>K KOArOCnHHM CeAHHCTBOM i arpapHHMH po6iTHHKa-
MH, a 3TOAOM — Mi>K CeAHHCTBOM Ta BCiM pOÖiTHHHHM KAaCOM.
HnHi B>Ke H30HH0 3AiftCHK)6TbCH nOH3TKOBHft eTan UbOTO 30AH>KeHHH,
mo 3HaxoAHTb CBift bhhb y npoueci ycycniAbHeHHH npaui Ta bhpo6hhu-
tb3 b arponpoMHCAOBOMy KOMnAenci, y BnpoBaA>KeHHi oahbkobhx (J)opM
opraHi3auii ft onAara npaui aah 3aftHHTHx TyT KOArocnHHKiB, npauiBHH-
Kiß paArocniB, iHiunx acpaobhhx Ta KOArocnHnx niAnpneMCTB i opraHi-
3auift. Tan, Ha 1984 p. b C PC P 6yAO CTBopeHo 10,1 thc. Mi>nrocnoAap-
cbKHx niAnpneMCTB i opraHi3auift. Ix ocHOBHi (J)ohah b 1970— 1984 pp.
36iAbiiiHAHCH 3 2577,3 mäh . AO 22186,8 mäh . np6., a6o y 8,6 pa3a, a
cepeAHbopinHa nnceAbHicTb npauiBHHKiB y hhx — 3 944,4 thc. ao
1998,9 thc., to6to b 2,1 pa3a. rocnoAapcTBa-ynacHHKH MaiOTb npoMHCAO-
Bi niAnpneMCTBa, o6car npoAyKuii hkhx 3a BKa3aHnft nepioA 3pic 6iAbm
hk y noTnpn pa3n 42.
BH3HaneHHH nocAiAOBHocTi eTaniß (J)opMyBaHHH couiaAbHOi OAHopiA-
HOCTi cycniAbCTBa AonoBHioeTbcn b HOBift peAaKuil üporpaMH KI1PC koh-
KpeTH3auieio m ok nepinoro 3 hhx. IloAOAaHHH BiAMiHHOCTeft Mi>K poßiT-
HHHHM KA3C0M i KOATOCnHHM CeAHHCTBOM, yTBepA>KeHHH B HaUlift KpaiHi
cycniAbCTBa 6e3 KAaciß, BKa3yeTbcn b UbOMy AOKyMeHTi, BiAÖyAeTbca b
OCHOBHOMy B iCTOpHHHHX paMKaX nepiIIOl, COUiaAiCTHHHO'l ({)a3H KOMyHi-
CTHHHOl (J)OpMauiI 43. 3 Uboro BHCHOBKy BHnAHBaiOTb B3/KAHBi B MeTOAO-
AoriHHOMy nAaHi noAOÄeHHH npo Te, no-nepuie, mo Ha mAHxy npocyBaH-
hh ao couiaAbHO OAHopiAHoro cycniAbCTBa cnoqaTKy BiAÖyAeTbcn cra-
HOBAeHHH floro 6e3KAacoBOi CTpyKTypn; no-Apyre, mo yTBepAweHHH
40 FIporpaMa KoMymcTHqHoi napTii PaAHHCbKOrO Coi03y: HoBa peA.— C. 41.
41 A hb.: JleHiH B. I. EKOHOMina i noJiiTHKa b enoxy AHKTaTVpn npoJieTapiaiy//
noBHe ii6p. TBopiß.— T. 39.— C. 260.
42 HapoAHoe xo3hActbo CCCP b 1984 r.— C. 312, 313.
43 riporpaMa KoMyHicnmlioT napTii PaAHHCbKoro Cok>3V : HoBa peA.— C. 41.
cycnijibCTBa 6e3 K/iaciB noAarae y noAOJiaHHi BiAMiHHocreft mi>k abOMa
KJiacaMH — po6iTHHMHM KJiaCOM i KOJirOCnHHM CeJIHHCTBOM; i, no-TpeTe,
1UO âHHH npouec 3AifiCHHTbCH B iCTOpHMHHX paMKaX nepuiol (j)a3H KOMy-
nicTĤ Hoi* (J)opMauiI. Bohh yToqHioioTb, AonoBHioioTb i po3BHB3K)Tb AaAi
3po6jieHi Ha XXVI 3łi3Ai KriPC npnnymeHHH npo Te, «mo CTaHOBJieHHH
6e3KjiacoBO*f CTpyKTypH cycnijibCTBa b roAOBHOMy ft ocHOBHOMy BiAßy-
ACTbCH b icTopHHHHx paMKax 3piAoro couiaAi3My» 44.
FIojio>kbhhh HOBOi peAaKuil IlporpaMH, BceßiqHHfi aHajii3 ycboro
Toro, mo BiAßyBaeTbCH HHHi b xpaiHi, cnoHynaiOTb ao MipKyBaHb npo
(}>aKTopH, mo npHMo hh onocepeAKOBaHO BnAHBaiOTb a6o MOJKyTb BnAHHyra
Ha xapaKTep, cyTHicTb Ta uiBHAKicrb npocyBaHHH paAHHCbKoro cycniAb-
cTBa AO 6e3KJiacoBoT CTpyKTypH. Tan, na xoAi 3AificHeHHH Ha3BaHoro
npouecy He motah He no3HaqHTHca HeraraBHO neBHi HecnpHHTJiHBi TeH-
AeHuii i TpyAHomi, nxi npoHBAHAHcn b>kc HanpHKiHui 60-x i AOCHTb 3pn-
MO nonaAH HapOCTaTH B 70-Ti pOKH, KOAH nOMiTHO 3HH3HAHCH TeMnH eKO-
HOMiqHOrO 3pOCT3HHH. $Ik HaCAiAOK BHHBHAHCH HeBHKOHaHHMH noeraBAe-
iii b llporpaMi KI1PC 3aBAaHHH no po3BHTKy eKOHOMiKH i HaßiTb öiAbiii
HH3bKi nABHH AGB’hTOI Ta AeCHTOl n’HTHpiqOK. He nOBHiCTK) BAaAOCH
3AiftcHHTH ft HaMiqeHy Ha ui poKH couiaAbHy nporpaMy. I xoq ocTaHHiM
qaCOM B>KHBaAHCH 3aXOAH AO BHnpaBAeHHH CTaHOBHma, nOBHiCTK) ao6h-
thch uboro He ba3aoch, KpaiHa He AoearAa py6e>KiB, HaMiqeHHx XXVI
3 13AOM K n p c 45.
JXo Uboro, 30KpeMa, npH3BeAo Te, mo He 6yAH CBoeqacHo ft hbaok-
hhm qHHOM ouiHeHi 3MiHH eKOHOMiqHoi’ CHTyauil, HeoßxiAHicTb tah6okhx
3pyuieHb y Bcix cc})epax >khtth, He bhhbahaoch H3Ae>KHOi HanoAerAHBOCTi
b lx 3AiftcHeHHi. Bee ue, Bi*A3HaqaeTbCH b HOBift peuaKuii napTifiHoI ripo-
rpaMH, 3aBa>xaAo noBHimoMy bhkophct3hhio noTeHuiaAbHHX mojkahbo-
CTeft i nepeBar couiaAicTHqHoro AaAy, CTpHMyBaAO pyx ynepeA46. Ha-
3BaHi Ta iHUli CKAaAHOCTi 3yMOBAK)B3AH ynOBl'AbHeHHH TeMniB 3aMiHH
pyqHoi* npaui MexaHi30BaHoio ft aBTOM3TH30BaHOio, CTHMyAiOBaAH icHyBaH-
hh ft HaßiTb neBHe nouinpeHHH eAeMeHTiB 3piBHHAiBKH b onAaTi npaui,
HacaMnepeA iH>KeHepHO-TexHiqHHX npauißHHKiß i poóiTHHKiB. OaKTHHHO ue
6yAO npOHBOM BOAK)HTapH3My, HKHfi HeraTHBHO n03HaqaBCH He TiAbKH Ha
eKOHOMiui, a ft Ha couiaAbHifi c(})epi, b TOMy qncAi Ha npoueci BAOCKOHa-
AeHHH couiaAbHo-KAacoBoi’ CTpyKTypH paAHHCbKoro cycniAbCTBa. Flepe-
KOHAHBHM CBiAHeHHHM UbOrO € H3HBHiCTb AOCHTb 3HaqH01 qaCTKH OCi6,
HKi 0Aep>KyBaAH BHiuy qn cepeAHio cneuiaAbHy ocßiTy, aAe npoAOB>Ky-
B3AH npauiOBaTH Ha poßiTHHqnx nocaAax, ocxiAbKH onAaTa npaui iHxce-
HepHO-TexHiqHHx npauiBHHKiß noMiTHO nocrynaAacH nepeu 3apo6iTKOM
KB3AicJ)iKOBaHoro poöiTHHKa. 3HaHHH, OAep>KaHi t3Khmh ocoöaMH y By3i
HH TeXHiKyMi, BHKOpHCTOByBaAHCH He nOBHiCTK). OT>Ke, BeAHqe3Hi KOUITH
BHTpaqaAHca AepacaBOio MapHo. Y cboio qepry, ue neBHHM hhhom raAb-
MyBaAO npouec ycyHeHHH BiAMiHHOCTeft Mi>K poßiTHHqHM KAacoM, koa-
rocnHHM ceAHHCTBOM Ta iHTeAireHuieio.
€ ft iHini couiaAbHi npoÓAeMH Ha uiAaxy ao 6e3KAacoBOi CTpyKTypH.
3oKpeMa, noTpißHO BpaxoByBa™ Mo>KAHBi HacAiAKH npouecy, noBłH3aHO-
ro 3 aiHieio Ha niATpHMKy ocoÖHCToro niucoßHoro rocnoAapcTBa hk b3>k-
AHBoro AOABTKOBoro a>KepeAa npouoBOAbCTBa aah HaceAeHHH i chpobhhh
AAH npOMHCAOBOCTi. XliAHHKH 3eMAi i npaBO Ha yTpHMaHHH XyAOÖH, mo
HaAaiOTbCH ciM’HM KOArocnHHKiB, poóiTHHKiB, cneuiaAicTiB i CAy>K6oBuiB,
HKi npO>KHB3K)Tb y ciAbCbKift MicUeBOCTi, Ta AeHKHM iHUIHM KaTeropiHM
TpyAfliUHx, 3a6e3neqyioTb HHHi qßepTb lx 3araAbHoro AoxoAy. Ue — ao-
AaTKOBO ao Toro, mo bohh oAepwyiOTb bi‘a yqacTi y cycniAbHOMy BHpoó-
HHUTßi. I hkiuo HHHi cepeAHH 3apo6iTHa nAaTa KOArocnHHKiB Annie Ha
20% HH>Kqa BiA cepeAHboi 3apnAaTH poöiTHHKiß i CAy>K6oBuiB47, to 3
44 MaiepiaJiH XXVI 3’13/iy KFIPC.— C. 64.
45 MaiepiaJiH XXVII 3’?3Ay KoMyHicTHMHoI napTit PaAHHCbKoro Coio3y.— C. 26—27.
46 nporpaMa KoMyHicTHHHoI napTii PaAHHCbKoro Coi03y: Hoßa peA.— C. 23.
47 niApaxoBaHo 3a AamiMH UCY CPCP (IlpaBAa.—1986.—26 hhb.)
ypaxyBaHHHM AOXOAy Bizi niAcoÓHoro rocnoAapcTBa lx peajibHHH pißeHb
>KHTTH Aemo BH1UHH. IliACOÓHi rOOIOAapCTBa, 3aAOBOJIbHHK)qH BJiaCHi no-
TpeÖH ciMefi, AaiOTb me ft neBHi h3AAHiukh, qacTHHa hkhx 3aKynoByeTbCH
cnoJKHBMOK) KoonepauieK), a qacTHHa peajii3yeTbcn Ha pHHKy. Tan, BiA
uie’i KaTeropii* rocnoAapcTB KpaiHa mopony OAep>Kye 3HaqHy KiAbKicTb
TOBapHoi npoAyKuii ciAbCbKoro rocnoAapcTBa. 3oKpeMa, b 1984 p. bohh
AaJiH 58% KapTonjii, 30% oßoqiß, 28% M’nca, no 29% MOJioKa Ta neub.
ripH UbOMy qacTKa BupoßAeHoi* TyT BajiOBoi npoAyKuii cijibCbKoro rocno
AapcTBa noqaAa 3pocTaTH npomroM ocTaHHboro qacy (b nepmift nojio-
BHHi 80-X pOKiß) T3KHMH >K TCMnaMH, HK i B CyCniAbHOMy BHpoßHHUTBi,
a b 1981 — 1982 pp. HaßiTb nepeßawazia ix 48.
B uijioMy noAißHy CHTyauiio hk Tany, mo 3a6 e3neqye BaroMHfi BHe-
cok y 3arajibHOAep>KaBHHft Aopoßon, MO>Kna ouiHHTH no3HTHBHO. Boaho-
qac ue 03Haqae, mo, no-nepme, ocoÓHCTe niACOÖHe rocnoAapcTBO BHcry-
nae hk cj)opMa ApiÖHoro bhpo6hhutb3, no-Apyre, couiajibHe craHOBHiue
tux, xto Mae noro, neBHOio Mipoio BiApi3HneTbcn BiA CTaHOBHma 3afiHH-
thx zwinę b cycnizibHOMy bhpoöhhutbi'. JXo toto >k peajii3auin jihuikIb
npoAyKiii! Ha pHHKy 3a uiHaMH, mo, hk npaBHAO, icTOTHO nepeBa>KaK)Tb
BapTiCTb TpyAOBHX 3aTpaT Ha IX BHpoßAeHHH, MO>Ke enpHHTH 30epe>KeH-
hk) y uieT qacTHHH HacezieHHH npHBaTHOBJiacHHUbKnx nepe>KHTKiB. Oco6 -
ahbo ue CTOcyeTbcn thx, xto npamo b oco6 ncTOMy rocnoAapcTBi nepe-
TBopioe Ha ochobhhh bha 33HHTb i A>KepeAO npnßyTKy. no CyTi, TaKi
aioah BeAyTb ApiÖHe npHBaTHe rocnoAapcTBO 3 yciMa HeraTHBHHMH Ha-
CAiAKaMH, mo BHnJIHBaiOTb 3BiACH. P03UIHpeHHH B HaUii AHi MOJKAHBO-
CTefi aah BeAeHHH ocoOhctoto niAcoÖHoro rocnoAapcTBa MO>Ke 3a neBHHx
06CT3BHH CTBOpiOBaTH yMOBH AAH 3 6 iAbUieHHH KijIbKOCTi oció 3 npHB3THO-
BjiacHHUbKoio opieHTauieio, cnpHHTH nornnpeHHio KopncmnioOcTBa, rocno-
AapcbKoro oöpocTaHHH, npo mo, 30KpeMa, Alhaoch Ha X X V I I 3’ i3Ai
KÓPC49. HepBOHHM CBl'TAOM Ha UbOMy UIAHXy nOBHHHi CT3TH 3 KTHBH3 ft
mViecnpHMOBaHa bhxobh3 poóoTa, qiTKe 3acTocyB3HHH AiJonoro 3aK0H0-
AaBCTBa.
TeMnn ft CTyniHb yAocKOHajieHHH couiaAbHo-KAacoBo! CTpyKTypn pa-
AHHCbKoro cycnizibCTBa Haft6e3nocepeAHiuie noBłH3aHi t3 ko>k 3 ycnixaMH y
6opoTb6i 3 HeTpyAOBHMH ezieMeHTaMH — nepeKynHHKaMH-cneKyjiHHTaMH
npoMTOBapHOio ft cijibCbKorocnoAapcbKOK) npoAyKuieio, uapMoiAaMH,
xa6apHHKaMH, po3KpaAanaMH couiajiicTHqHoi BAacHOcri Ta iHiiiHMH ho-
ci’hmh HeraTHBHHx hbhiu, qy>KHx KOMyHicTHqHift Mopajii. Bei bohh npnMO
hh onocepeAKOBaHo oönpaAaiOTb cycnizibCTBO B3araAi, qecHHx TpyAiBHH-
Kiß 30KpeMa. IllKOAa BiA xaöapHHUTBa, opraHi30BaHoro po3KpaAaHHH Ha-
pOAHOrO AOÖpa, 3AOB>KHBaHHH CJiy>K6 0 BHM CTaHOBHmeM 3HaqHO 36ijlbUiy-
Bajiacn T3M, Ae BiAßyBajiocn 3pomeHHH KepiBHHKiß Aep>K3BHHX opraHiB 3
AiziKaMH Ta uiaxpanMH50, Ae Majio Micue nepepoA>KeHHH KaApiß, HaAizie-
HHX BHCOKHMH, a TO ft HaftßHLUHMH nOBHOBa>KeHHHMH, npo mo TOBOpHAOCH
3 TpnöyHH X X V II 3łi3Ay napTii* 5I.
npo Te, mo nepeAiqeHi ft iHiiii ocoöh Ta rpynw AioAeft 3 qy>KHMH
HaM norAHAaMH Ha >khtth eraHOBAHTb neBHy qacTKy HaceAeHHH, npwqoMy
He Tany B>Ke ft He3HaqHy b KiAbKicHOMy BiAHomeHHi, CBiAHHTb HacTiftHa
HauiAeHicTb napTi’i Ha piinyqy 6opoTb6y 3 hhmh. U e HaoqHO bhhbhaoch b
noAiTHqHift AonoßiAi U K X X V II 3łi3Ay K n P C Ta BHCTynax OaraTbOx Ae-
AeraTiB uboro napTifiHoro (j)opyMy. CboroAHi mh nOBHHHi BH3 HaTH, tobo-
pHB M . C . Fop6aqoB, mo BHacAiAOK nocAaÖAeHHH kohtpoaio Ta pnAy iH-
UIHX npHqHH BH3HaqHAHCH rpynH AIOAeft 3 qiTKO BHpa>KeHHMH BAaCHHUb-
KHMH yCTpeMAiHHHMH, i3 3HeB3>KAHBHM CT3BAeHHHM AO CyCniAbHHX iHTepe-
ciB. A hkiuo noqHHaiOTb npoHBAHTHCH Tani HacTpoi Ta TeHAeHui! — 3Ha-
qHTb mocb Herapa3A y BHfiopi niAnxiB i 3aco6iB y Hainift poßoTi i noTpe-
48 HapoAHoe xo3hhctbo CCCP b 1984 r.— C. 227, 229.49 ripaBAa.— 1986.— 28 (freBp.50 Kommvhhct.— 1986.— JSTs 1.— C. 42.51 ripaBAa.— 1986.— 28 (j>eBp.
6 ye BHnpaBJieHHH. Ocb qoMy BH3HaHO 3a HeoöxiAHe B>Ke Han6 jiH>KqHM qa-
COM 3ÄiflCHHTH AOASTKOßi 3aXOAH, CnpHMOBaHi npOTH ÄapMOlAiB, p03Kpa-
Aaqiß couiajiicTHHHOi BJiacHocTi, xaöapHHKiB, npoTH thx, xto ctbb Ha
iijjibx, qy>KHii TpyuoBin npnpoAi Hauioro JiaAy52. Ui KpoKH BiAnoßiAaiOTb
nporpaMHOMy 3 aBAaHHio K I1 P C. IlapTin, 3 anncaHO b HOBin peAaKuii
riporpaMH, HaAae npHHUHnoBoro 3HaqeHHa piiuyqoMy BHKOpeHeHHK) HeTpy-
AOBHX AOXOAiB, 6 yAb-HKHX BiAXHJieHb BiA couiajiicTHqHHx npHHUHniB po3-
noAiJiy, AapMoiACTBa, cneKyjiauii, KpaAexcy i xaöapHHUTBa, npHBaTHO-
BJiacHHUbKoi ncHxojiorii i KopHcm/uoßcTBa53.
lipo HanojierjiHBy 6 opoTb6 y napTifiHHx opraHi3auin pecnyöJiiKH i3
3piBHHJiiBKOio, yTpHMaHCTBOM, HeTpyAOBHMH AoxoAaMH, pi3Horo poAy no-
öopaMH, xaöapHHUTBOM, cneKyjiHuieK) hüijioch Ha X X V I I 3łl3Ai KoMnap-
Tii yxpaiHH. OAHoqacHo BKa3yBajioca, mo Hoci'i TaKoI Mopajii me icHy-
lOTb, 60 He b ycix TpyAOBHx KOJieKTHBax CTBopeHo oßcTaHOBKy ocyAy i
HeTepnHMOdi ao AapMoiACTBa, po3KpauaqiB HapoAHoro Aoöpa, xyjiiraHiß,
AO npoHBiß npHBaTHOBJiacHHUbKoi* ncHxojiorii, KopHcmnioóęTBa54.
TaKHMH e Aeairi npoö^eMH, mo icHyiOTb a6o 3a neBHHx yMOB MO>xyTb
BHHHK3TH Ha iiuiaxy ao cycnijibCTBa 6e3 KJiaciß i nxi cJiiA BpaxoByBara b
Teopii Ta npaKTHui KOMyHicTHqHoro öyAißHHUTBa. CaMe UbOMy niAnopaA-
KOBaHo nocTaHOBy U K KI1PC «lipo 3axoAH moAO nocHJieHHa ßopOTbßn 3
HeTpyAOBHMH AoxoAaMH», npHHHHTy b TpaBHi uboro pony55. Ue nHTaHHH
po3rji5iHyjia t3 ko>k PaAa MiHicTpiß CPCP, ana 3o6oß’a3ajia MiHicTepcTBa
i BiAOMCTBa CPCP, PaAH MiHicTpiß cok)3hhx i aBTOHOMHHx pecnyßjiiK,
BHKOHKOMH MicueBHx PaA HapoAHHx AenyTaTiß üochjihth 6opoTb6y 3 po3-
KpaAaHHHM couiajiicTHqHoi BJiacHocri, xaöapHHUTBOM, cneKyjiauieio h iH-
HIHMH KOpHCJIHBHMH 3JIOqHHaMH, HKl € A>KepeJ10M HeTpyAOBHX. ÄOXOAiß.
ToAi >k Ilpe3HAiH BepxoBHoi PaAH CPCP npHHHHJia yna3 «lipo nocHJieH-
HH ÖOpOTbÖH i3 3A06yTTHM HeTpyAOBHX AOXOA1B», HKHH BBeAeHO B A1K) 3
1 J1HI1HH 1986 p.
OAHoqacHO i3 CTaHOBJieHHHM 6e3KJiacoBo\* CTpyKTypn, hk ßiA3Haqa-
jioca, BiAßyBaeTbca npouec (j)opMyßaHHa couiajibHoI oAHopiAHOCTi cycniab-
CTBa. 3AißcHeHHH ocTaHHboro craBHTbca b HOBifi peAaKuii* IlporpaMH
K n P C y npaMHH 3B*H30K i3 3 pocTaHHHM üHTOMoi Barn po3yMOBOi npaui
b AiflJibHocTi HaHLiiHpiiiHx Mac poöiTHHqoro KJiacy h KOJirocnHoro cejiaH-
CTBa, 36ijibmeHHHM qncejibHOCTi iHTejiireHuii* Ta nocnjieHHHM Ti TBopqoro
BKJiaAy b yci ccJ)epH cycnijibHoro >khtth, nocTynoBHM CTHpaHHHM icTOT-
hhx BiAMiHHOCTeft Mi>K po3yMOBOio i c})i3HqHoio npaueio, a Tano>K i3 36jih-
x<eHHHM ycix couiajibHux rpyn. IloBHe noAOJiamia uhx BiAMiHHOCTefi,
(J)opMyBaHHH couiajibHoI OAHopiAHOCTi cycnijibCTBa, BKa3yeTbca b AOKy-
MeHTi, 3aBepuiHTbca Ha bhuuh 4>a3i KOMyHi3My 56.
I, oqeßHAHO, BiAßyAeTbca ue He BiApa3y, a npn AocnrHeHHi 3pijinx
floro cj)opM. CboroAHi nepeAÖaqHTH b AeTaaax pncH noBHoro KOMyHi3My
HeMO>KJiHBO, Ta K n P C , an BiA3HaqaeTbca b üporpaMi, i He craBHTb ue
3a MeTy. Aa>kc b Mipy npocyßaHHa ao Hboro, HarpoMauxceHHa AOCßiAy
KOMyHicTHqHoro öyAißHHUTBa Haynoßi yaBJieHHa npo BHmy $a3y HOBoro
cycni^bCTBa 3ÖaraqyBaTHMyTbca fl KOHKpeTH3yßaTHMyTbca57. A noKH
Kjiacoßi h couiajibHi BiAMiHHOCTi icHyiOTb, KoMyHicTHqHa napTia cboIm
nporpaMHHM 3aBAaHHaM, cnpaßoio nepmopaAHoro 3HaqeHHa BBaacae pe-
TejibHe BpaxyßaHHa y cboiA noJiiraui ocoöjiHBOCTeft iHTepeciß KJiaciB i
couiaabHHx rpyn. BeJiHKa yßara npHAi-naTHMeTbca Taxo>K BHpiBHiOBaHHio
yMOB npaui fl noöyTy HaceJieHHa pi3HHx perioHiß KpaiHH 58.
52 MaTepiaJiii XXVII 3*l3Ay KoMyHicTHMHoI napTii Pa^aiicbKoro Coi03y.— C. 53,
55—56.
53 A hb.: riporpaMa KoMyHicniHHOi napTii Pâ BHCbKoro Coi03y : Hoßa pea.— C. 37—
38, 52.
54 MaiepiaJiH XXVII 3’i3^y KoMyHicTuqHoI napTii YnpaiHii.— K-, 1986.— C. 33.
55 PaÄ. YnpaiHa.— 1986.— 28 TpaB.
56 IlporpaMa KoMyHicTHHHoI napTii Pa^ancbKoro Coio3y : Hoßa peÄ.— C. 41.
57 TaM >Ke.— C. 23.
58 TaM >Ke.— C. 41—42.
TaKHM HHHOM, y HOBifi peAaKuii riporpaMH mrKO BH3HaneHO eTann
(J)opMyBaHHH couiajibHo OAHopiAHoro cycnijibCTBa, HAeTbca ripo oAHoqac-
HicTb 3AificHeHHH OKpeMHx CKJiaAOBHX uboro npouecy y toh hh iHiUHH
nepioA po3BHTKy KpalHH b uijioMy Ta couiajibHO-KJiacoBOi erpyKTypn pa-
AHHCbKoro cycnijibCTBa 30KpeMa. YTBepA>KeHHH cycnijibCTBa 6e3 KJiaciß
nepeAßaqaeTbCH b ocHOBHOMy b idopH^HHx paMKax nepuioi, couiaJiicTHq-
HOl ())a3H KOMyHiCTHHHOl (J)OpMaUÜ. OCTaTOHHe >K nOAOJiaHHH 3aJlHUIKiB
daporo noAi îy npaui i noBHe ycyHeHHH noB*H3aHHX 3 hhm icTOTHHX
couiajibHwx BiAMiHHOCTeft, 3ÖAH>KeHHH Bcix couia^bHHx rpyn, to6to (J)op-
MyßaHHH couiaAbHo OAHopiAHoro cycnijibCTBa, 3aBepiHHTbca y HacTynHHH
nepioA po3BHTKy Hauioi KpaiHH — Ha bhiiuh (J>a3i KOMyHi3My, mo 6yAe
cnpaBOio, HKa BHxoAHTb 3a Me>Ki noTOHHoro ctojutth.
K). A. Kypnocoe
FIPOrPAMMA Kncc OB stafiax <dopmhpobahha
COUHAJlbHO OAHOPOjlHOrO OB1HECTBA
P e 3 io m e
B daTbe na ocHOBe aHajiioa hoboh pe âKumi nporpaMMbi KFICC paccMOTpeHbi
ncNMeÄOBaTejibiiocTb (JjopMupoBaHiiH couHâ bHoft OÄHopoAHOcTH oómecTBa H Te 3TanU,
KOTopue y>Ke npoHAeiihi Haiueü cipaHoii b stom HanpaBJieHnn. Hcxoäh H3 mbpkchctcko-
.leHiiHCKoro yweiiHH 06 onpeAeJieHHH nepcneKTiiB comia.ibHoro nporpecca, aBTop nccjie-
flyeT nporpaMMHbie nojiojKenna 0 AaJibHeHiunx 3Tanax Ha nym noc:ieAOBaTe;ibHoro npo-
ABH>KeHHH coßeTCKoro oómecTBa k yTBepÄAeHHK) ero 6e3KJiaccoBOH cTpyKTypu, a 3aieM
11 AocTHyKeHHio counajibHofi oahopoahoctii, ocymecTBjiemie Mero BbixoAHT 3a npeaejibi
Texymeco cTOJieTHH.
ICTOPIOrPAOM TA JUHEPEJI03HABCTB0
ICTOPIfl KyJlbTyPHOrO ByfllBHMUTBA
B YKPATHCbKlH PCP 1921— 1941 pp.
y AOKyMEHTAJlbHMX nyßJllKAUIflX
OÄHieio i3 3arajibHHX 3aK0H0MipH0CTen couiaAicTHqHoro öyAißHHUTBa e
nepeTBopeHHH BCboro AyxoBHoro >khtth cycniJibCTBa 3 thm, mo6 TpyAauu,
aid 3AiHCHBTb couiajiicraqHy peBOAiouiio, 3a bhcaobom K. MapKca, 3MiHHjiH
ceöe i 3Po6hah ce6e 3A3thhmh ao nojiiTHMHoro naHyBaHHH *. B. I. JlemH
BH3H3HHB uefi npouec hk «KyAbTypHy peBOAiouiio» 1 2. ToMy nyßAiKauin A>xe-
pe.i 3 icTopil KyjibTypHoro öyAißHHUTBa b C P C P i, 30KpeMa, Ha YnpaiHi
Mae Be.iHKe HayKOBe i noAiTHqHe 3HaqeHHH.
y AOKyMeHTajibHHx nyßjiiKauiax Ha BHeoKOMy HayKOBOMy piBHi bhcbIt-
jiioioTbCH HaHBa>KJiHBimi riHTaHHH icTopii’ KyjibTypHoro öyAißHHUTBa b Yk-
paiHCbKifi PCP y nepexiAHHfi nepioA. npwqoMy KiJibKicTb onyÖAiKOBaHHX 3a
npaBHjiaMH apxeorpacj)ii AoxyMeHTiB 3 uiei TeMaTHKH nocTiftHo 3pocTae.
BoAHoqac 36iAbuiyeTbCH iHTepec, a 3HaqHTb i BHMorn, HayKOBuiB, bhkabab*
qiß Ta uiHpoKHX Kiji rpoMaACbKOCTi ao uiei rpynH A>Kepeji. Orxce, A>KepeAO-
3Haßqe AOCAiAxteHHH BK33aHHx AOKyMeHTajibHHx nyßjiiKauift 3 MeTOio BH3-
HaqeHHH lx iH(j)OpMaTHBHHX MO>KAHBOCTeft e aKTyaJlbHHM.
XapaKTepncTHKy neBHoi qacTHHH AaHoro KOMnjieKcy A>Kepeji noAaHO b
MOHorpac})iT A. B. CaHueBHqa «,U>Kepeji03HaBCTB0 3 icTopil YnpaiHCbKoI
PCP. 1917— 1941», oahh 3 po3AiAiß hkoi npHCBnqeHo po3TAHAy Haößa>KAH-
BiuLiHX AOKyMeHTajibHHx 3ÖipHHKiB 3. OuiHKy AßßKHM pecnyÖAiKaHCbKHM BH-
AaHHHM, IipHCBHqeHHM p03BHTK0Bi KyJIbTypH B C P C P , Aa;ia TBKO)K JI. I.
UlexaHOBa 4.
B AaHOMy orjiHAi koao 3a;iyqeHHx nyßAiKauift y nopiBHHHHi i3 3raAa-
hhmh npauHMH po3UiHpeHe 3a paxyHOK AOÖipoK AoxyMeHTiB Ta MaTepiajiiB,
BMimeHHX b icTopnqHHx >KypHa;iax, Ta 36ipHHKax, hkhx qHMaAO bhhuiao y
80-Ti poKH. IlponoHOBaHHH orjiHA e cnpoöoio oxapaKTepH3yB3TH 3a3Haqe-
hhh KOMimeKc A>KepeA 3 ypaxyBaHHHM cyqacHHX bhmot ao BHAaHb AOKyMeH-
TiB 3 KyjibTypHoi' npoóJieMaTHKH, mo noB’H3aHi 3 nocraHOBKOio hobhx npo6-
jieM y rajiy3i icTopil paAHHCbKoI KyjibTypH 5.
Hjih AOCJiiA>KeHHH AaHoi TeMH BHHHTKOBe MeTOAOJioriqHe 3HaqeHHH Ma-
KDTb pimeHHH KoMyHicTHqHoi napTii 3 iiHTaHb KyjibTypH. 3HaqHa qacTHHa ix
6yAa onyÖAiKOBaHa b t3khx öaraTOTOMHHKax, hk «KoMymcTHqHa napTin
PaAHHCbKoro Coio3y b pe30AiouiHx i piuieHHHx 3*i3Aiß, KOHcf)epeHuift i nAe-
HyMiß UK» (T. 2—5. — K., 1979 — 1980) Ta «KoMymcTHqHa napTin Ynpai-
hh b pe30JiiouiHx i pimeHHHx 3’i3Aiß i ruieHyMiß UK» (T. 1. — K-, 1976. —
1007 c.).
Be3nocepeAHbo po3rAHAyßaHoi* tcmh CTOcyeTbcn abotomhhk «KyAbTyp-
He öyAißHHUTBo b YnpaiHCbKift PCP: HafiBa>KAHBiuii pimeHHH KoMyHicraq-
H01 napTii i PaAflHCbKoro ypnAy, 1917— 1959 pp.». (K., 1959), b nepmoMy.
1 MapKC K. BHKpHTTH npo Kê bHCbKHH npouec KOMVHiCTiB.— MapKC K., Eh-
re.ibc O. // Tbop».— T. 8.— C. 413.
2 J1 e h i h B. I. nPo Koonepauiio//noBHe 3i6p. TBopiB.— T. 45.— C. 358.
3 CaHUeBHM A. B. /l>KepeJi03HaBCTB0 3 icTopil YKpalHCbKoI PCP. 1917—1941.—
K., 1981.— C. 32, 43.
4 111 e x a h 0 b a JI. H. McTOpua KWibTypnoro cipome^bCTBa b AonyMeHTax//Cob.
apxiiBbi.— 1972.— JVs 1.— C. 14—15, 17—20.
5 M ß a H O B a Jl. B. AoKyMeHTbi no HCTOpnn Ky.ibTypnoro cTpome^bCTBa b CCCP II
Bonp. HCTopHii.— 1974.— N2 7.— C. 155—161; Kum M. n., OęAioKi iH C. A. rioAroTOB-
Ka AOKyMCHTaJibHbix H3AaiuiH no HCTopmi coBeTCKOH KyjibTypu II Cob. apxuBbi.— 1982.—
No 5 — C. 13-15.
42 y>cp. icr. otcypn., 1986. X2 8
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-214340 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0130-5247 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-17T00:19:09Z |
| publishDate | 1986 |
| publisher | Інститут історії України НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Курносов, Ю.О. 2026-02-20T10:26:38Z 1986 Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства / Ю.О. Курносов // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 8. — С. 28-42. — Бібліогр.: 58 назв. — укр. 0130-5247 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214340 В статье на основе анализа новой редакции Программы КПСС рассмотрены последовательность формирования социальной однородности общества и те этапы, которые уже пройдены нашей страной в этом направлении. Исходя из марксистско-ленинского учения об определении перспектив социального прогресса, автор исследует программные положения о дальнейших этапах на пути последовательного про-движения советского общества к утверждению его безклассовой структуры, а затем и достижению социальной однородности, осуществление чего выходит за пределы текущего столетия. uk Інститут історії України НАН України Український історичний журнал Статті Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства Программа КПСС об этапах формирования социально однородного общества Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства Курносов, Ю.О. Статті |
| title | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| title_alt | Программа КПСС об этапах формирования социально однородного общества |
| title_full | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| title_fullStr | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| title_full_unstemmed | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| title_short | Програма КПРС про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| title_sort | програма кпрс про етапи формування соціально однорідного суспільства |
| topic | Статті |
| topic_facet | Статті |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214340 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kurnosovûo programakprsproetapiformuvannâsocíalʹnoodnorídnogosuspílʹstva AT kurnosovûo programmakpssobétapahformirovaniâsocialʹnoodnorodnogoobŝestva |