Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.)
В статье рассматривается начальный этап противоборства внешней политики рожденного Великим Октябрем Советского государства и тайной дипломатии империализма. Раскрываются маневры, связанные с формулированием «мирной программы» Антанты и США в ответ на подъем антивоенного движения народов, вызванного...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Український історичний журнал |
|---|---|
| Datum: | 1986 |
| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Ukrainisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Інститут історії України НАН України
1986
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online Zugang: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214724 |
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Zitieren: | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) / Р.Г. Симоненко // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 11. — С. 52–66. — Бібліогр. 64: — укр. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860295715137257472 |
|---|---|
| author | Симоненко, Р.Г. |
| author_facet | Симоненко, Р.Г. |
| citation_txt | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) / Р.Г. Симоненко // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 11. — С. 52–66. — Бібліогр. 64: — укр. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Український історичний журнал |
| description | В статье рассматривается начальный этап противоборства внешней политики рожденного Великим Октябрем Советского государства и тайной дипломатии империализма. Раскрываются маневры, связанные с формулированием «мирной программы» Антанты и США в ответ на подъем антивоенного движения народов, вызванного содержавшимися в ленинском Декрете о мире требованиями всеобщего демократического мира.
|
| first_indexed | 2026-03-21T18:04:04Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
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coAAaTCbKHX Aenyrar iB, 25—26 jkobt iih (7—8 JiHCTonaAa 1917 p.) // TaM we.— T. 35.—
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3 TaM ace.— C. 19.
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5 Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States: The Lansing
Papers, 1914—1920.— Washington, 1940.— V. 2.— P. 48—49.
6 Documents on Canadian External Relations.— Ottawa, 1969.— V. 1.— P. 318—319.
7 Apxiß KeMÖpiflÄChKoro yHiBepcHTeiy (BejiHKOÓpHTaHin): Cambridge University
Library: Hardinge Papers.— 35 (1917).— V. 7.— P. 7.
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* Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1918: Russia.—
Washington, 1931.— V. 1— P. 224—225.
» Ibid.— P. 225.
10 Ad xh b noAKOBHHKa Xay3a.— M., 1939.— T. 3.— C. 152.
11 A h b .: JI e h i h B. I. IloBHe si6p. TBoplB.— T. 35.— C. 13—19.
11 W a r t h R. D. The Allies and the Russian Revolution.— Durham, 1954.— P. 161.
13 ApxHB no/ iKOBHHKa Xay3a.— T. 3.— C. 165.
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nojiiTHui MHpy. HacaMnepeu u o mo bh jih c h b c l ih k o yHUKara naßiTb 3rauKH
npo pauHHCbKi ripono3Hui’i. AMepuKancbKHH ^eJieraT 3 pajiicTio / u3HaBCH
npo Te, mo KneMaHco «... Mannte BupimnB BiuitpiiTH iton^epeHuiio h c
6Lribiu h k TpbOMa peneHHHMH. Bin cjiaitTipmo xone cita3aTH: «flaHOBe, mh
BOioe.MO, npouoBHtyßaTHMeMo npamoBani». Xay3 \ iaß Taitont cneuiajibiiy
po3MOBy 3 jh o ö h t g jicm jx o b t u x npoMOB Jljio iiu flntop/ i>KGM. «BiH,— 3anH-
caB Xay3 ,— öanHTb Heöe3neKy npoMOB Ha KOH(j)epeimii. Hk iu o nomiyTb
BiirojiomyBaTH npoMOBH, t o rpoMaucbKy uyMity öyuc iipHBGpnyTO jxo po-
cincbKoro miTanHH i 6y;m cKa3ano öaraTo iicoÖGpentiiHX pcnen...» 17.
FIoTpeöa ;u h t i i 3 MaKCHMa.ibiioio «oÖGpentHicTio» öyna BHMymeHoio.
Ha KiHeub jmcTonaua 1917 p., k o jih HapeuiTi Biuöy.iacn Mintcoi03HHUbKa
Hapaua b FlapHXti, 3ycHJiJiHMii Kpaim i P a jx cnpaß y MHpy öyno npocyHyTO
uanexo Bnepeu. 8(2l)jiHCTona^ a, niuTBcpuntyiOHH npuHUHnoBiiii Kypc Ha
yKJiaueHHH 3araJibnoro MHpy, PaunHCbKiin ypn jx 33h bh b noc.iaM co k)3h h -
UbKHX uepntaB, mo ^ expeT npo MHp ue — «^opMajibHa npono3Huin Heran-
Horo nepeMHp’n Ha Bcix cjjpoiiTax i HeraßHoro b U k ph t t h mh ph h x nepero-
Bopiß, npono3Huin, 3 h k o io noBHOBantHnfi Ypnu PocificbKoi PecnyöniKH
3BepTaeTbCH ouHoqacHO ä o Bcix bo io kd h h x HapouiB Ta Ix ypnuiß» 18.
B. I. JleHiH HauaßaB BejiHKoro 3HaneHHH HKHafiinBimmoMy BHxoAy
Pocil 3 BifiHH, ÖOpOBCH 3a KOntHHß UeHb, HKHfl HaÖJIHHtyBaB KpalHy ÄO
MHpy i 3MiuHK)B3B t h m caMHM no3Hui! couiajii3My. niCJIH TOTO, HK M. JXy-
xoHiH He BHK0H3B po3nopHA>KeHHH PauHHCbKoro y p ^ y npo noiiaTOK nepe-
M Tom »e .— C. 167.
15 TaM >Ke.— C. 168.
16 Essays Presented to Sir Lewis Namier.— London, 1956.— P. 469.
17 ApxiiB noJiKOBHHKa Xay3a.— T. 3.— C. 186—187.
18 ÄoKyMeiiTbi BHcmiieH nojumiKH CCCP.— M., 1957.— T. 1.— C. 10.
roBopiß npo nepeMnp’a, b ih 6yB HeraftHO 3MimeHHft 3 nocaaH BepxoBHoro
roJiOBHOKOMaHayioaoro. BncTynaiOHH 10(23) nncTonaaa 1917 p. Ha 3 a-
ciaaHHi BUBK, ronoBa PaaHapKOMy B. I. JleHiH 3aTaBpyBaB 3noaHHHy
cnpoßy apMiftcbKoI KOHTppeBOJiiouil npoaoB*HTH iMnepiajiicTHHHy Bift-
Hy. «... TeHepajiH,— raiBHO Bia3Ha«mB BiH,— ynpann, moHaftMeHine, ao6y
B TaKOMy B32KJIHBOMy ft HacyiUHOMy TIHTaHHi, HK nHT3HHH npo MHp» 19.
HaMipn iMnepiajiicTHHHHX Kin Ha B^ a r a PaaJmcbKOMy ypaaoß i na-
CHBHy JliHiHD nOBeAlHKH ft 3aTpHM3TH peBOJlK)U.iHHHH BHXiA Pocił i3 CBiTO-
BOl BiftHH 3a3Hann UinKOBHTOrO Kpaxy. MapHHMH BHHBHJIHCH i cnpoÖH
3ano6irTH nyóniKauii t 3cmh h x iMnepianicTHHHHX yr oa, mo 3ipBano 6
Macxy 3 ÄHnnoMaTil «3axiaHHx aeMOKpaTift», b h h b h b u ih BenH«ie3Hy Hene-
peóopHy npipBy Mi* II ai»MH Ta iHTepecaMH Hapoaiß , Bia iMeHi h k h x
BOHa CHJiKyBanacH BHCTynaTH. TtyGniKauia u h x yr oa CTana BHKOHaHHHM
iHTepHauioHanbHoro o6oß ’a3Ky Kpai'HH Pa a moao Hapoaiß ycboro CBiTy.
«PoöiTHHHHH i CeJiHHCbKHH Yp a a ,— Bia3Haaanoca b 3anBi HapKOMaTy 3a-
KopaoHHHX cnpaB 3 uboro npHBoay,— niKBiaye TaeMHy aHnaoMaiiio 3 i'i
iHTpHraMH, uiH<J)paMH Ta Gpexneio. HaM Hiaoro npHXOBVBaTH. Hama
nporpaMa (jjopMynioe nanxi 6a*anHH MiabiioHiB poGiTHHKiß, coaaaTiB i
ceaflH. Mh 6a*aeMO HKHaftcKopiiuoro MHpy Ha 3acaaax qecHoro cniB-
* h t t h ft cnißpoöiTHHUTBa Häpoaiß » 20. r iyóaiKauiH t 36mh h x iMnepiani-
c t h h h h x aoroßopiß 6yaa HaftaouiKyabHimHM yaapoM, aKoro 3aBaaaa pa-
aHHCbxa 30BHimHH noaiTHKa HaMipaM npoaoB*HTH cßiTOBy Bifiny.
iMnepiaaicTHHHa annaoMaTin 3MyiueHa 6 yna MaHeBpyBaTH. Toro *
aHH, Konn PaaHHcbKHÖ ypaa ycyHyB ÄyxoHiHa, aneHH GpHTancbKoro ypa-
Ay BianoBiaaan Ha 3anHTH b naaaTi rpoMaa. «Hh He npnraaye BenbMH-
noBa*HHft a*eHTnbMeH,— 3BepT3BCH Jliec-CMiT ao BoHapa Jloy, h k h i i
3acTynaB npeM’ep-MiHicTpa KpaiHH,— mo 26 aepBHa Ha BcepocificbKOMy
3’l3ai (Paa) JleHiH 33HBHB KepeHCbKOMy, mO BHaBHTbCH HeMO*aHBHM
cnoHyxaTH coK>3HHKiB oroaocHTH (cnpaB*Hi) uia i BiftHH, i h h He e cpax-
t o m , mo (aHraiftcbKHft) ypna aie TOHHiciHbKO Tax, h k nepeaGanaß JleHiH?»
)Kaaior iaHoio Burnaaana nceßaononeMiHHa Bianoß iab BoHapa Jloy. BiH
npocTOpixyBaB, HiÖHTo floro yBar y «...He npHBepTano CKa3aHe JleHiHHM,
a HKmo ft npHBepHe, t o BiH He HaaaBaTHMe fioMy Taxoro 3HaaeHHa h k
BHcoKonoBa*HHft nneH naaaTH» 19 * 21.
BoHap Jlo y b h h b h b c h 6e3CHaHM npHMeHmuni 3pocTaioMiift aBTopiireT
Bo*a a GiabiuoBHHbKo'i napTÜ i Tpyaamnx Mac Pocii. HixTO iHiuHii h k
JInofia A*o p a * cnpocTyßaB caoBa cBoro 3acTyniiHKa. BiH 3acßiaHHB, mo
me 3 BecHH 1917 p. aiaepn HaiicTapimoi KaniraaicTHHHoi Kpai'HH 3 ocTpa-
xo m CTe*naH 3a ainnbHicTio B. I. JleniHa. «HeBaoB3i nicna Toro BHÖyx-
Hyaa (JliOTHeBa) peBowonia,— po3noBinaB BiH 3roaoM y c b o Ix MeMya-
pax,— TiHb BeaHHe3HoI «Jurypn JleHiHa nonaaa niaiftMaTHCb Haa ropH30H-
TOM» 22. TaM *e GpHTaHCbKHft aiaep 6yß 3MymeHHft b h 3H3t h , mo B. I. Jle
HiH 6yß «eaHHOK) cnpaß ai MoryTHboio ocoßHCTicTio, BHcyHyTOio pociftcbKoio
peBoaiouieio».
I Tax BBa*aaH He nnine b AHraiT. BMina ft caMOBianaHa GopOTbGa
B. I. JleHiHa 3a npHmmeHHa cnycTomaHBol BiftHH cynpoBoa^KyBanaca
aaabmHM 3pocTaHHHM MiKHapoaHoro aBTopHTeTy raaBH PaaHHCbKoro
ypaay cepea iiih p o k h x Kia cBiTOBo! rpoMaacbKocTi. HanpHKiHui nncTona-
aa — Ha noaaTKy rpyaHa 1917 p. HopBe3bKa couiaa-aeMOKpaTHHHa napTia
BHecaa Ha po3raaa KoMiTeTy no HoGeniBCbKHX npeMiax npono3HU,iK>
npHcyaHTH npeMiio MHpy 3a 1917 p. Tonoßi Paa« HapoaHHX KoMicapiB
B. I. JleHiHy. «Äo cyaacHoro MOMeHTy,— HaroaomyBaaoca b noaaHHi,—
Hafiöinbiue aa a Top*ecTBa iael MHpy 3po6HB JleHiH, h k h A He name BciMa
19 JI e h i h B. I. JlonoBiAb npo neper oBopn 3 AyxoiiiHiiM // IloBHe 3i6p. TBopiB.—
T. 35.— C. 82.
90 floKyineHTbi Bnemnefi noJiHTHKH CCCP.— T. 1.— C. 21—22.
91 Parliamentary Debates. 99. House of Commons, 5 series.— P. 1328—1329, 1355.
99 Jl a 0 ft a A*o p A3 K. BoeHHue Meiiyapu.— M., 1938.— T. 5.— C. 64.
yKp. icT . ot cypn ., 1 9 8 6 , M I t56
CBOiMH cHJiaMM nponarye MHp, a fl B»HBae k o h k pc t h h x 3axoaiß aan floro
aocarHeHHH» 23.
Ocxiabxn ßopoTböa onoaxmaHo! B. I. JleHiHHM Pecny6aixn Paa 3a
MHp KopHcryBaaacb 3araabH0K) niaTpHMxoro Hapoaiß CBiTy, 6ypjxya3Hi
noaiTHHHi aimri, nxi BxoanaH ao cxaaay KOMiTeTy, He HaBaatHancH Bia-
KpHTo BHcaoBHTHCb npoTH floro xaHanaaTypu. Bo h h yHHXajIH p03ra»ay
aiel npono3Hui! Ha 4>opMajibHifi niacTaßi (npono3Hui! moao npncyaJKeHHH
npeMil 3a 1917 p. MajiH HaaifiTH ao 1 Jixrroro). «Hk iu o icHyxmoMy po-
cificbKOMy ypHaoßi BaacTbca b c t 3h o b h t h mh p i cnoxifl b xpalni,— 3a3Ha-
aaaocH b piuieHHi KoMiTeTy no HoöeaiBCbXHX npeMinx,— t o k o mIt c t He
MaTHMe Hinoro npoTH npHcyaJKeHHH JleHiHy npeMil b MafiöyTHbOMy po-
ui...» 24. Ile piuieHHH, 30KpeMa 3aHBa t o jio b h KoMiTeTy npo Te, mo Mafl-
ßyTHe BHcyHeHHH KaHanaaTypn B. I. JleHiHa Ha oaepntaHHH HoöeaiBCbxoI
npeMil MHpy «MOJKHa po3ranaaTH, h k uiaxoM aouiabHe», BHXJiHxaao
ocoßaHBy cTypßoBaHicTb aHraificbKoro nocaa b napnxr i 25.
KaniTaaicTHHHHÖ cßiT 3MyuieHHfl 6yß BiacTynara. Ille pa3 3MiHHBniH
no3HKiK>, noaxoBHHK Xay3 cnoHyxaB c b o Ix napmepiB no riapH3bKifi Hapa-
ai BHCTynHTH i3 cniabHOK) aaHBOio npo BoeHHi uiai. «noaiÖHHfl KpoK,—
TBepanB BiH,— e o c o ö jih b o HeoßxiaHHM, 3Baxaio<iH Ha ÖiabmoBHUbKi
MHpHi npono3Hui! i 3pocTaxmi BHMorn aißepaabHHX Ta p o 6 i‘t h h h h x eae-
MeHTiß 3aöe3neqHTH, iuo6 BifiHa b iM’n iMnepiaaicTHHHHX m'aefl aaai He
npoaoBJKyßaaacb». Ta ui 3ano6iraHHH 6yan MapHHMH. Hapoan PociT ae-
aaai aKTHBHiine cTaßaan nia aeHiHCbKHfi npanop 3araabHoro aeMoxpaTHw-
Horo MHpy. HaßiTb iH03eMHi eMicapn, Hxi 6e3nocepeaHbo 3afiMaaHcn
cnpaßaMH pocificbKoI xoHTppeBoaxmi'i, o c t 3t o h h o nepexoHaaHca b He-
peaabHocTi cnpoö npHMycHTH ix Boxmara. Tax, 25 ancTonaaa 1917 p.
öpHTaHCbxnfi BificbxoBHfi aTarne b flecax TeaerpatJiyBaB: «3 yxßaaeHHx
nyöainHHX pe30Jixmifl, Tax caMO h k i 3 oaepaoHHX aoneceHb 3po3yMiao,
mo apMin nparHe MHpy i cnoBneHa piiuiiMOCTi floro 3ao6yTii. ÜHTaHHH no-
anrae anme b TOMy, nxa Baaaa yxaaa t MHp. IlpoTHroM ocTamtix aßox
THJKHiß He 3nafluiaocH >xoaHoro pocificbxoro aiaepa, h k h h HacMiaHBcn 6
BHCTynaTH 3a npoaoBJxeiiHH b ü ih h . HyxoHiH i Toii 33h b h b : «fl ycßiaoMaxjK)
HeoöxianicTb 3araabHoro MHpy. Byab-HXHfl ypaa, uxo nporoaociiTb HaMip
aoTpHMyßaTHCb coi03HHUbXHx 3o6oB’H3aHb 1914 p., ne npoicHye fl t h jx h h .
Coi03HHKH MOJXyTb npHMycHTH pOCifiCbXHÖ ypHa ßiaxaaCTH nHT3HHH Ha
ay>xe xopoTXHfi nac, aae apMin aoß ’eTbcn MHpy» 26 27.
Iloaiß Horo BHCHOBxy aifiuiOB i B’ioxeHeH. 11h ax)aHHa, mo nnabHO
CTexcnaa 3a t h m , moö Pocin y aeaaa i 3pocTax)HHx Macnrraöax nocTanaaa
AHTaHTi rapMaTne m’h c o , 3anponoHyß aaa 3ßiabHHTH Harny xpalHy Bia
3o6oß’H3aHb npoaoBÄyß aTH Biimy 27. OaHax t o 6yaa , 3a BH3HaHHHM caMo-
ro x E’roxeHeHa, «ao6pa MiHa npn noraHifl rpi» — cnpHTHHfi noaiTHHHHfl
MaHeBp, po3paxoBaHHfi Ha Te, moß nepexonHTH y öiabmoBHxiß Taxe
6aH3bxe HapoaHHM MacaM r acao MHpy i t h m c 3mh m 3mi'u h h t h no3Hui! b o -
poriß PaaHHCbxoi Baaan Ta niaTpHMaTH npecTHix AHTaHTH i CIIIA, h xh ü
HeyxnabHO naaaß .
IIpono3HUiH B’roxeneHa He aicTaaa cxßaaeHHH. yqaciiHXH IlapH3bxoi
Hapaan He noroanaHCH HaßiTb Ha xopoTeHbxy fl 30BciM 6e33MicTOBHy pe-
3oaxmix), HKa 6 (JjaabmHBO nporoaomyßaaa BiacyraicTb y AiiTaiiTH i
CIIIA arpecHBHHX uiaefl y Biim i28 *. Xoh 6h h x caoßecHO He HanoaaraB
Xay3 Ha npHHHfrrri II, BiH poÖHB ue npo aroacbxe oxo. BiaxnaeHHH floro
npono3HuiI cTBOpxmajio MoncjiHBicTb CnoayneHHM LÜTaTaM BHCTynHTH 3
23 BjiamiMitp H.TbH'i JleHim: Bnorp. xpoHHKa.— M., 1974.— T. 5.— C. 68.
24 TaM 5KO.
25 B e p t u. 3a Ky.nicaMH AiiTaHTU.— M., 1927.— C. 164.
26 flepwaBiiHii apxiB BeJiHKoßpHTaniT: Public Record Office (PRO), F. O. 371. Rus
sia (war) 1917, 3020, N 225 068.
27 B u c h a n a n G. My Mission to Russia and Other Diplomatic Memoirs.— Lon
don, 1923.— V. 2.— P. 225—226.
23 ApxiiB mwiKOBHHKa Xay3a.— M., 1939.— T. 3.— C. 198—199.
BJiacHOK) 3aaB0K) npo uijii y BifiHi, 3 nporpaMoio «aMepHKaHCbKoro MHpy».
Ue 3MyuieHHfi bh3H3t h i 6iorpa(f> Xay3a: «Pe3yAbTaTOM HecnpoMOJKHOCTi...
KOH(J)epcimii' AOMorTHCb yroAH iu o a o nepcrAHAy bo€h h h x uiAefi AHTaHTH
b JiißepaJibHOMy Ayci CTaAH «qoTHpHaAUHTb nyHKTiß» BiAbCOiia. FIo a k o b -
iih k Xay3 6 y s nepeKOHaiwft — me a o 3aKiHqeHHH BifiHH cjiiA AOcnrHyni
yroAH npo yMOBH MafiÖyTHboro BperyAiOBaHHH» 29. CaMe Ha ue fi 6yjiH
cnpHMOBaHi «AiÖepaAbHi bh mo t h», HKi m3Ah npo t h c t o h t h paAHHCbKOMy
racAy 3araAbHoro AeMOKpaTHMHoro MHpy.
HaMipH BKAIOHHTHCH B p03p00Ky KOHKpeTHOl 3araAbH0n0AiTHqH01
nporpaMH aMepHKaHCbKoro iMnepiaJii3My cnpHqmiHAH nocnimimfi BiA’i3A
Xay3a a o BauiiHrrona. Ta B. BiAbcoH He a omck3bch CBoro HafiÖAHwqoro
noMiuHHKa. 4 rpyzmn npe3HAeHT BHHic Ha po3TAHA KOHrpecy npono3Huiio
npo oroAomeHHH bü ih h ÄBCTpo-yropiUHHi, Boarapii fi TypeqqHHi. Ha
3BepHyTufl a o HapoAin CBiTy 3amiHK PaAHHCbKoi AepxcaBH a o MHpy Hafi-
MoryTHima iMnepiaJiicnwHa KpalHa BiunoBiAa po3uiHpeHHHM BifiHH. Ue
6yAO nepiUHM 3a 8 MicnuiB, mo MHHyAH BiA nporoAomeHHH BifiHH HiMeq-
qnHi, nocJiaHHHM npe3HAeHTa. Bo h o 6 y jio cnoBHene BiABepTH.x HanauiB Ha
nporoJiomeHy PaAHHCbKoio BAaaoio nporpaMy MHpy 6e3 aHencifi i k o h t ph -
6yuifi. Cbh t ch h h k BiAbcoH 3 BAacTHBHM iioMy JiHueMipcTBOM BHmyKyBaB
4>a^biiiHBi apryMeiiTii npoTH Heraiiiioro npunHiieiiHH cnycTOiUAHBoi 6 i fi h i,
MeTatouH rpoMH fi ÖAiicKaBKH Ha aApecy napoAiß PaAHHCbKoI Kpaimi,
majieHiio'iH BiA caMoi AyMKH npo MOiKAHBicTb v k a 3a oh h h «oaBqacHoro
MHpy». «CaMe TOMy, mo uh HenpoAyMaHa (JjopMy.aa BiAÖHBae u ic t h h k t h b-
Hi norjiHAH h k noBcioAHe npaBO npocToI a io a h h h ,— (paAbimiBHB Bi.ibcoH,—
BOHa BOO AH BIIKOpHCTOByeTbCH IHMeUbKHMH MafiCTpaMH iHTpHT, HKi
nparHyTb 36h t h 3 uiAHxy HapoA Pocił ii HapoA ko>k iioT KpalHH, KyAH
MO>KyTb AicTamca Ixni areHTH, mo6 npimecTH 3aBHaciinfi Mnp...». Pa30M
3 t h m npe3HAeiiT i h a ch h KOHrpecy yHHKa.in rocTpnx nmia/ UB i norp03
Ha aApecy ra6cCyp3bKOl MOHapxii Ta npHriiiqyBaimx ncio napouiB 30. Uc
noHCHioBajiocH i cnoAiBaHHHMH noAeruiHTH cenapanii neperoBopu 3 Biu-
HeM, i njiaHaMH nonoBHHTu aMepHKaHCbi<y apMiio 3a paxynoK MiAbikm-
h h x Mac cAOB’HHCbKiix eMirpaimB, ani nepcópa;iHca 3a onean 3 KJianieBoI
AncTpo-yropcbKoI i.MiicpiT.
ŚoBiiiiUHbono.MiTiiMiii npereimii CLUA ue 3aAHimiAitcH iicnoMiqciiHMii
aöo He3p03yMi.THMH B IipaBAHMHX K0.13X AHTaHTH. OCOÓAHBO CpHTaUCbKHX.
Boh h h c 6a>KaAH 6c33acTepe>KHO BiAAaBaTit aMepiiKaimaM na.ibMy nepmo-
cTi y (jjopMy.uoBaHHi imepeciB KaniTaAicniqiioro CBiTy, i iiacaMnepeu,
cbo Ix BJiacHiix. Ta ue 6yAO TijibKH OAHieio i, 11a Tofi qac, hc t o a obh ok)
npHHHHOK) aKTHBiiocTi JIa o ü a UwopAłKa. BoHa noHCHiOBaAacH nepeuyciM
ACABAi 3pocTaio>iHM bh a h bom paAHHCbKOi noAiTHKit MHpy. Cnpoóii BnpO-
BaAJKeHiiHM HafiJKopcTOKiiuo'i uen3ypn npiixonam npaBAy npo 3ycHAAH
ÖiAbmOBHKiB npimilHHTH HCIiaBHCIiy BiflHy, HK BH3HaBaB KepiBHHK BiAOM-
cTBa cneuiaAbnoi po3niAKH, ne AaAH 6a>nannx pc3yAbTaTiß 3I. OßypeHHH
TpyAHmHX i rpOMaACbKa A>'MKa 6yAH HaCTiAbKH CHAbHHMH, mo IipOÖHBa-
a h ch fi Kpi3b Mypn BecTMincTepa. 21 AHcronaAa napAaMeHTapifi H. Bax-
c t o h , 30KpeMa, 3auiKaBHBCH AiHAbiiicTK) ueHsopa, HKHfi nepemKOAHB
nyÖAiKauii b aHrAiiicbKHX ra3eTax yMOB MHpy, sanponoHOBaHHX «pocifi-
CbKHM MaKCHMaAiCTCbKHM ypHAOM» 32. 26 AHCTOnaAa HaAifimOB 3anHT
moAO Toro, «HH pocificbKHft ypHA... 3anponoHyBaB yKAacTH nepeMHp’n Ha
Bcix 4»poHTax, MaroMH Ha yBa3i (3araAbHi) MHpHi neperoBopu; i ko a h ue
Tax, h ko k) 6yue BiunoBiAb (ypHAy)». MiHicTp 33k o pa o h h h x cnpaB BaAb-
cjjyp 6yB 3MymeHHH cTBepAHO BiAnoßicTH na nepmy nacTHHy 3anHTamtH,
m o jk a o Apyrol — npnupHBCH t h m, mo Ha paAHHCbKy npono3Huiio He
BiApearyBaB jk o a ch i3 coK>3HHUbKHx ypHAiB.
” Taw *e .— C. 201.
50 Congressional Record.— V. 56.— Part 1.— P. 18—21, 67, 68, 76, 91 etc.
äl Co c k e r ! 11 G. What Fools We Were.— London, (o. d.).— P. 46.
31 Parliamentary Debates, 99 House of Commons (H. C.) , 5 s.— P. 1167.
y/ cp. icT. xypt t ., 1986, M U58
28 JiHCTona^a, b AeHb b U k ph t t h napH3bKoi* HapaAH, po3noMajiaca B>Ke
npe^MeTHa noJieMiKa 3 npHBOAy onyöJiiKyßaHHH PaAHHCbKHM ypaAOM
T3GMHHX ÄOrOBOpiB. KpiM Bl*ABepTHX MiJliTapHCTiß, BHCTynHJIH fi JliÓepajIH.
«AyTBefiT,— 3HaqHJiocH b npoTOKOJii,— 3anHTaB Aep>KaBHoro cexpeTapa
b 33KopÄOHHHx cnpaBax, mh npHBepHyB floro yBary t o h cj)aKT, mo onyß jii-
KOBaHi TenepimHiM pocificbKHM ypaAOM TaeMHi AoroBopn b h h b h jih , mo
C0I03HHKH CTaBJIHTb CB06K) MeTOK) 3HaHHi TepHTOpiaJIbHi npHflßaHHH; i qn
MO>Ke BiH 3aCBl*AHHTH, mo iCHyB3HHH UHX nOJIOJKeHb 6yJIO npHMHHOIO He-
raTHBHOi BiAnoBi^i Ha npoxaHHH ypaAy KepeHCbKoro c k jih k 3t h KOH(j)e-
peHuiio a a h neperjiHAy bo bh h h x uijiefi?» 33.
Hk iu o irHopyBara nepeöijibmeHHÜ HaroJioc Ha Ainx «ypaAy KepeH-
cbKoro», t o cTae 3po3yMi.no, mo AyTBeftT 3aqennB Gojiioni t omkh 6pHTaH-
CbKOl 30BHilUHb01 ITOJliTHKH, nOCTaBHBUIH 3aCTynHHKa MiHiCTpa 3aKOpAOH-
h h x cnpaB i MiHicrpa ÖJiOKaAH JiopAa PofiepTa Cecijia b AocHTb cKpyTHe
cTaHOBHme. OcTaHHifl He 3Mir riAHO bh h t h 3 Hboro i o ö mo k h b c h o 6mo b k 3-
MH npo HeAOCTaTHK) TOHHiCTb TpaKTyBaHHH CyTi enpaBH, HKe HiÓHTO MiCTII-
JiocH b o6ox qacTHHax napjiaMeHTCbKoro 3anHTy 34.
He6e3neKy b 3B’a3Ky 3 nyÓJiiKauieio t 3€mh h x iMnepiajiicTHMHHX a o -
roBopiB BiAHyJia npaBJiana BepxiBKa BejiHKoGpHTaHii* b uijiOMy. Hacr yn-
Horo a h h , KpiM nHTaHHH npo AonoMory KajieAiHy, Ha nopHAKy ACHHOMy
3aciAaHHH BoeHHoro KaöineTy 3HaHHBca nyHKT «FlyGjiiKauiH GiJibuiOBHUb-
k h x nocJiaHb». Hk CBiAMHTb noro npoTOKOJi, AonoßiAaq E. KapcoH «... npn-
BepHyB yBary a o paAy Tejierpacjmnx noßiAOMJieHb 3 Pocił (h k i b Gijibmocii
cbo Ih e GiAbuiOBHUbKOK) nponaraHAOio), mo ßyjin OAepncani 6iopo npecu
i nyójiiKauiio h k h x bi'h THMMacoBO npnnHHHB» 35 36. r iicjia naBeAeHHH OKpe-
MHX Micub «3 UHX ÜOCJiaHb» fllUJIOCH npo Te, HK OÓiHTH 33KOH, 3riAHO 3
bkh m «TejierpaMH, mo BHCBiTJiioiOTb 3apy6ixviii enpaBH, He niAJiaraioTb
ueH3ypi». KapcoH nocHJiaBcn Ha Te, mo nacTHiia u h x nocjianb MicraTb
«33KJIHKH a o napoAiB, cnpaMOBaHi npoTH ixh i'x ypaAiß ». Bajibcfjyp Ta
B06HHHH MiHicTp MiAHep, 3 h kh mh KapcoH oöroBopiOBaB ue niiTaiiHH nepeA
łx BiAłi3AOM a o riapH>Ka a a a yK.iaAeiiHH yroAH npo po3noAi*A «c<J)ep
BnjiHBy» b Pocił, bh c jio b h jih c h npoTH nyGjiiKauił. Ceciji 3 h h mh He noro-
Ah b c h . Hk iu o 3raAaTii floro nonepęAiii MaHinyjinuił b naJiaTi rpowaA,
0CT3HH6 MO>Ke 3A3THCb AHBHHM. OAHaK n03HLUH AOpAa HC MaAa nOAiTHM-
Horo niATGKCTy. BoHa CBiAMHAa Jiniue npo 3AopoBiifl rA\ r3A- CcciA 33h bh b ,
mo «...AonycTHB 6n nyß jiiKauiio u h x nponaraHAHCTCbKux nocAaiib, t o mv
mo 3aTpn\ iaHi Tenep bo h ii cTanyxb m'AOMi ni3Hiine, i yph a 3BnnyBaTHTb
y TOMy, mo BiH naMaraBca npnxoBaTii i'x». no3im ia 3acTynniiKa MinicTpa
3ai<opAOHHHX cnpaB ne AicTa.ia cxBajieniiH KaóineTy 3G.
3aAOBOAbiniTH 3anHTH nap.iaMeiiTapiłB 6 yjio 3Hanno cKJiaAHimc. Uc
BHHBHJiocn Toro >k Ann IMA uac AeöaTiB y naJiaTi rpo\ iaA. Ił ma c h u
cnonaTKy nouinaBiuiHcn, mii ne 3 poÓHTb Acp>KaBHHfl cenpeTap y 3aKopAOH-
h h x cn paßax 3 arajibHoł 3 anBH moAo HemoAaBHo onyoAiKOBaHiix Pocifl-
CbKHM ypHAOM TaCMIIHX \ TOA i AOKyMCHTiB, HKi CTOCyiOTbCH BcAHKOÖpH-
TaHił. floqyBuiH bi'a Ceci^ a , mo Bin «3 apa 3 ne t o t o b h A 3 Po 6 h t h 3 anBy
TaKoro poAy», AenyTan i noMann «po3 i<pyMyBaTii» a op a a PoöepTa. AyT3 eiiT
aamiTaB, mh KepyioTbcn c o k )3 Iih kh t 3 €mh h mh yroAaMii ii Aoci, a Kin r
x o t ib 3iiaTH, ayTeHTHMiimmh mh HeayTeHTHMHiiMii e onyÖAiKOBani TaeMHi
yroAH. BiAMOBHBUiHCb BiAnoBiAaTH Ha nepuiHft 3 annT, CeciA neoxone npo-
mo bh b y BiAnoBiAb Ha Apyrnfl: « fleaKi 3 h h x MoncyTb 6 yTH ayTeHTHMHHMH,
Aeaxi — Hi». Ko j ih HacTa^ a Mepra BiAnoBiAaTH Ha HOBi 3anHTH, Ha BHpyMKy
(paKTHMHOMy KepiBHHKy (J)opiH o(J)icy npHHinoB cn ixep , h kh h nonpocHB
3HHTH łx 3 nopaAKy AOHHoro 3 orAHAy Ha nepeBanTanceHicTb ocTaHHboro 37.
33 Ibid.— P. 1986—1987.
34 Ibid.
36 PRO, Cab. 23/4, W. C 286.
36 Ibid.
37 Parliamentary Debates, H. C. 99, 5 s.— P. 2191.
OflHaK niA nac HaciynHoro 3aciAaHHH, HKe ßiAÖyAocn 3 rpyAHH, KiHr
Ta AyTBeflT 3HOBy BHCTynmiH i3 3amiTaMH, mo 6e3nocepeAHbo cTocyßa-
jiHCH TaeMHHx AoroBopiB. YHHKaiowH BUnoBi^i, Ceciji 3BepHyBCH 3a Aono-
Moroio AO ^JieHiß KaßiHeTy. Ha ßoro 3aciAaHHHX Aßini oßroBopiOBajia-
en napjiaMeHTCbKa aKTHBHicTb u h x HAemB najiara rpoMaA38. IloBOJii
3łHC0ByBaji0CH, mo TaKTHKa 3aMOBHyBaHb i 3BOJiiKaHb Aae AeAajii 6iAb-
me ociHOK.
10 rpyAHH Ha 3aciAaHHi BoeHHoro KaöiHeTy oöroßopiOBaAHCH npoÖAe-
MH 3arajibHOi nojiiTHKii BejinKoópHTaHii moAO PociT. «Cnjia OiJibiiioBimb-
Koro ypHAy nojinrae b TOMy, — BiA3HaqaA0CH b npoTOKOJii AeöaTiß , HKi
po3ropHyjiHCH 3 uboro npHBOAy,— mo Bin BiACToioe \ inp; k o a h 6 nepeuiKo-
AHTH ßoro 3yCHJIJIHM, CIIpHMOBaHHM Ha AOCHTHeilHH MHpy, ßiH (ypHA.—
P . C.) , neBHO, 6yAe noBajiemiH» 39.
ŚarajibHy niATpHMKy MnpHoi iiporpaMH PaAHHCbKOi b a b a h b h c a o b h b
Ha HHCJieHHHX MiTHHrax i MaHicj)ecTauiHX aHrjiificbKHii npojieTapiaT. I xo h
onopTyHicTHHHifi Bepxißui jieflöopHCTiB Ta KOHrpecy TpeA-iOHioHiB BAaBa-
a o c h CTpHMyBam nepepocTaHHH iioro npoTeciy y BiAKpHTi peBOJUouiiiHi
BHCTynH npOTH BHyTpiuiHboi Ta 30BHimHboi* noJiiTHKH KaniTajiy, BOHa
3MymeHa öyjia h t h Ha noMiTHy noAiTH3auiio oc^iuiiiHoro poöiTHHqoro
pyxy, noroAHTHCH Ha BHcyHeHHH h h m BJiacHoi* nporpaMH MHpy. II po3po6-
Ka 3aBepuiH^acH b cepeAHHi rpyAHH 1917 p. 22 rpyAHH uporpaMy 6yjio
onyÖJiiKOBaHO b JieftóopHCTCbKOMy ocf)iuio3i «Herald», a 28 — cxBajieHO
KOH(J)epeHuieK) npeACTaBHHKiß TpeA-ionioHiß i JieHÖopHCTCbKoi napTil 3a
yqacTio AeJierauii KOonepaTiiBHHX oprani3auiH. «Hk TiJibKH AOKyMenT
6yjio npnfiHHTo,— 3a3Haqae 3apy6i>KHHii aBTop C. TpayöapA,— AeAerauin
jieflöopHCTCbKOi napTil BiAnpaBHAacH Ha JlayHiHr-cTpiT, mo6 oóroBopHTH
noro 3 npeM’ep-MiHicTpoM. Jlum e MicnueM paninie ocTaiiHiii o6cTOK)BaB
neMOJKJiHßicTb a a h ypHAy BHCTynani 3 AeKAapauieio, mo Micmna 6
BHKA3A BOEHHHX uiAeii. Tenep nepeA (J)3k t o m neperoBopiß npo Miip, HKi
BeAH pociHHH, HanoAHraionn Ha yKAaAeHHi iioro ÓC3 aHeKciii i KOHTpnöy-
uin, (6e3) TaeMHHx AoroBopiß Mine coio3HHKaMH, TeKCTH h k h x nouinpiOBa-
a h c h cepeA aHrAificbKOi rpoMaACbKOCTi, AeftöopHCTCbKa napTin BAajiacn
AO THCKy Ha ypHA, qiTKO BHCAOBAIOIOHHCb npOTH H3HBHHX AHnAOMaTHHHHX
aMÓiuifi»40. ńpHKpamyiOHH mo t h b h noBeAiHKH couiaA-pe^opMicTiB,
C. r payöapA y uiAOMy npaBiiAbHO 3’ncoBye cnpyTHe cTaHOBume, b h k o -
My o it h h h a h c h JI a o h a R m o p jv k Ta Soro napTHepH no KAacoBOMy cnißpo-
ÓiTHHUTBy.
npeM’ep-MiHicTp paAO CKopncTaBcn npoTHrHyTOio pyxoio. IIJonpaBAa,
BiH npnnHcaB iHiuiaTHBy cnißpoßiTHHUTBa, HKe oxonAiOBaAO HafiBa>KAHBi-
mi npoöAeMH b Ih h h Ta MHpy, coöi. «CepeA poßiTHHKiß,— nncaB 3t o a o m
JI a o h a ,H>k o p a >k ,— HapocTaAo 3aBopyuieHHH, HKe MaAo He6e3nenHHn
xapaKTep; y 6yAb-HKHH mo mc h t b o h o mo t a o c t 3t h 3arpo3AHBHM. Haini
3yCHAAH HaÖpaTH A-HH apMU HKOMOra ÓiAbme AIOAefi HaiUTOBXHyAHCH Ha
onip TpeA-K)HioHiB... ToMy h BBan<aB HeoßxiAHHM BCTynHTH b neperoBOpn
3 TpeA-iOHioHaMH. HacaMnepeA h BHpiuiHB 3anpocHTH TpeA-iOHioHH Ha
HapaAy 3 nHTaHHH npo Hami b o c h h i uiAi» 41. Ta, h k 6yAO Bxce cKa3aHO,
He JI a o h a £Uk opAX< 6yB iHiuiaTopoM 3ycTpiqi. npeM’ep noroAHBCH Ha ue
niA t h c k o m MoryTHboro npOTecTy TpyAnmnx Mac, HKi AeAaAi aKTHBHime
niATpHMyßaAH paAHHCbKHH 33KAHK AO MHpy. A h THB06HHHH pyx enpaBAHB
AeAaAi cHAbHiniHH b h a h b Ha 30BHimHio noAiraxy b o io io h h x AepncaB, npn-
MymyBaB lx rapnqKOBo BiAmynyBaTH 3aco6n AaAbinoro BBeAeHHH b oMaHy
Mac, HKi BHMaraAH HeraÖHoro npnnHHeHHH KpoBonpoAHTTH. BoAHonac
nnuiHOMOBHi AeKAapauil moAO b o c h h h x uiAeii 3axoAy mb a h 6yTH b h k o -
3a PRO, Cab. 23/4, WC 294.
39 Ibid.— WC 295.
40 Gr a u b a r d S. R. British Labour and Russian Revolution.— Cambridge, 1965.—
P. 47.
41 J I a o h a J l x c o p A« R . BoeHHue MeMyapu.— T. 5.— C. 39.
pucTaHi iioro npaßAHHHMii k o jih mh y öopoTböi npoTH couianicTHHHOi peBO-
cijouii b PociT.
j^inmoBiuH bh c h o b k y npo HeMox<AHBicTb iriiopyBaTii a6o 3aMOBHyßa-
t h MHpHy nporpaMy PaAflHCbKOi KpaiHH, Aep>KaBHi Aiflni 3axoAy npHCKO-
pHJiH nUroTOBKy BiAnoßiAi Ha Hei. 3 cim-in 1918 p. Ha paHKOBOMy 3aci-
^aHHi, KOJIH B06HHHH KaßiHeT npHCTynHB AO OCTaTOMHOrO OÖrOBOpeHHH
«MHpHoro AeMapuiy», JI a o h ä A>k o p a >k nopyuiHB nHTaHHH, noß*H3aHi 3
oÓHapoAyBaHHBM BoeHHHX uiAefi BejiHKodpHTaHiL r io-nepuie, 6yjio niA-
TBepAJKeHO, IUO C0I03HHKH 3 nOAiÖHHMH npOrOJIOUieHHHMH BHCTynaTHMyTb,
3a BHMoroio npe3HAeHTa CI1IA, onpeMO. Üo-Apyre, h iu a o c h npo (J)opMy
nporojioineHHH. FIpeM’ep-MiHicTp BiAKHHyB MoxuiHßicTb 6e3nocepeAHboro
3BepneHHH ä o PaAHHCbKOi KpaiHH. BiH He BBa>KaB 3a noTpióHe aApecyßa-
t h ch 6e3nocepeAHbo a o UeHTpajibHHx AepataB, o c k Ijib k h ue eraBHAO 6
nHTaHHH npo neperoßopH 3 h h mh . HenpHHHHTHOio óyjia, Ha iioro AyMKy,
fl ocj)iuiHHa 3anBa — ii TaKOJK cJiiA 6yno ‘ noro KyBara 3 coi03HHKaMH.
Ga h h h h BiixiA JI a o h ä RiKopjüK BÖaqaB y BHroAOiueHHi npoMOBH, HKa 6
TOpKaAaCb B06HHHX UUieft ÄHrJlil. «nOJliTHHHi JliAepH ÄHTaHTH,— CKa3aB,
30KpeMa, BiH,— nocTifiHo BHCTynaiOTb 3 npoMOBaMH, i He icHye h Ih k h x
3o6oB H3aHb nonepeAHbo noroA^yBaTH ix t c k c t » 42.
FIocTaBajia, OAHan, Ba>KAHBa npoßjieMa: Ae BHCTynaTH? Ocb t o Ai
AOCBiAneHHÜ nojiiTHK i BHKJiaB CBifi 3aAyM. BiH 3anBHB, mo «... 3anHTae
peajibHO 3BaÄeHy 3anßy iu o a o noAiTHKH BoeHHoro KaöiHeTy b xoAi nepe-
roBopiß 3 JiiAepaMH TpeA-ioHioHiß y cnpaß ax poßonol c h a h Ta CKacy-
BaHHH neBHoi* qacTHHH ßpoHi, HaAaHoi oxpeMiiM KaTeropiHM poöiTHHKiß
Ha nonaray BifiHH». Th m ß iJibuie, niAKpecjniB npeM’ep-MiHicTp, mo, h k
CT3J10 BiAOMO, «npeACTaBHHKH TpeA-HDHiOHiß 3ÖHpaiOTbCH B XOAi AHCKyciH
nopyuiHTH npoÓJieMy bo 6h h h x u ijieü ...» 43.
yqacHHKH 3aciAaHHH noroAHAHcn 3 JIa o h ä A^ op A^ eM. ripeACTaBHHK
jieüöopHCTiB Bapnc 3a«BHB, 30KpeMa, mo HaAae BejiHKoro 3HaqeHHH
«...ncHxoJioriHHOMy ecjieKTy, h kh h cTBopHTb y KpalHi noHBa po3ropHyTOi
Ta po3cyAJiHBoi 33h bh npo uijii y BiiiHi». Horo BHCTyn cßiAHHB npo 3a-
iHTepecoßaHicTb npaBHx jiiAepiß poöiTHHnoro pyxy y 3MOßi 3 KaniTajii-
c t h h h h m ypHAOM, cnpHMOBamfi n p o™ 3araAbHoro AeMOKpamnuoro
Mupy 44.
HanpHKiHui oöroßopeHHH npeM’ep-MinicTp 3HOBy b3h b c jio b o . BiH
3anponoHyßaB AOAam b t c k c t npoMOBH me OAHe, 6e3nocepeAHbo noB’H3a-
He 3 noAiHMH b Pocii nojiojKeHHH, a caMe — 3aHBHTH Taxe: «Hk mo pocifl-
cbKa AeMOKpaTin He BCTynHTb y oAHOoeiÖHi neperoBopn 3 BoporoM, mh
óyAeMO nia t p h m y b h t ii ii...» . Ue 6yß npnMHii 3aKAiiK a o KOHTppeBOJiiouiH-
h h x c h a Pocii, h k h x Ha 3axoAi HMenyBaAH «pociiłcbKOio AeMOKpaTieio».
aKTHBi3yßaTH ßopoTböy npoTH peBOAiouifiiioro b h xo ä v KpaiHH i3 cßiTOBoi
BifiHH. KaöiHeT BupiimiB 3i6paTHcn me pa3 Toro jk a h h . Bapncy, h kh h Maß
rojiOByBara Ha neperoß opax Mi>K ypHAOM i TpeA-iOHionaMH, AopyMHAii
AOMOBHTHCH npo Aaiy BHCTyny JI a o h a A>*\ opA>Ka. FLiaHyBajiocH opraHiay-
BaTii noro He ni3Hime 5 cimin 45.
Ta cnpaß a öy.aa me Aa^exoio BiA ocTaTonnoro po3BłH3annH. Ha b c -
qipiibOMy 3aciAaHiii Boeimoro KaóineTy 3HOBy AeöaTVBa.iocH iimaumi
npo AOuiAbHicTb BHroAomcHHH npcM’ep-MinicTpoM AeKAapauii* npo ui.ni
Biiimi caMe nepeA npeACTaBHiiKaMH opraHi30BaHoro poóiTHimoro pyxy.
Bei iioro yqacHHKH 3iHiiiAHCH na TOMy, mo 3aciAaHHH najiaTH rpowaA
uy.io 6 «HanßiAbui npiiAaTHiiM MicueM» a a h 3anBH npeM’ep-MiHicTpa
(Aiime KiAbKa t o a h h TOMy JI a o h a opAHv BBa>KaB iHaKuie.— P. C.) .
flpHcyTHi noroAHAHCH, mo, h k BiA3HanaAOCH 11a paiiKOBOMv 3aciAaniii (a o
peni, y BiAnoßiAHOMy npoTOKO.ii npo ue ne\ iae ii c.iOBa.— P. C.) , AeKAa-
pauin, BiiroAomeHa nepeA ayAiuopieio TpeA-ionionicTiB, b iik a iimc rocTpy
« PRO, Cab. 23/5, WC 312.
43 Ibid.
44 Ibid.
Ibid.
KpHTHKy, «...ocKiJibKH BHTAHABTHMe cßi^qeHHHM iiepeöiJ ibiueHoro 3iiaqen-
h h , HKe HaqeöTo HaAaeTbcn qjieHaM npoc{)cniAOK nopiBHHHO 3 iHuiHMn
BepcTBaMH cycniJibCTBa». 3 imuoro 6oKy, BiA3HaqaAocn, mo me OAHiei*
TaKoi* «3pyqH0i MOÄjiHBOCTi» He 6ya e i «6a>KaHO BHKopHCTaTH HaaBHy».
B uijioMy, TaKHM HHHOM, 6yjio BHpimeHO, mo 3anBa nepeA TpeA-iOHioni-
CTaMH e 6a>KaHOio.
Hk 6aqHMO, piinemiH npo cnociö BnroAouieHHH «MnpHoi* nporpawii»
Ba>KKO AaJiocH KOHcepBaTopaM. FHa qac ii 6e3nocepeAHboro oóroBopeimn
bo h h c t o h a h ii Ha CTopoad iMnepcbKHx aMÖiuift BejiHKOópHTanii'. Tax,
Aep>KaBHHH cenpeTap y cn paßax k o a o h ü i J IoHr b h c a o b h b «oörpyHTOBaHe
3acTepex<eHHH npoTH HaATO BeJiHKoro HaroAOcy na npnHUHni caMOBH3Ha-
qeHHH». Hjiewn xaömeTy a o m o b h a h c h , h k oöiim i TpyAHomi, mo bh h h k3a h
3 BHMymeHoi* 3roAH Ha BiACTOiOBaHe paAHHCbKOio mh ph o io nporpaMoio
npaBO HapOAiß Ha ßiAbHHÖ HauiOHaAbHHH P03BHT0K. «flpHHUHn C3MOBH3-
HaqeHHfl,— 3aH0T0BaH0 b npoTOKOAi,— Mae 3acTOcoByBaTHcn AHine a o
TepHTOpiH, Ha HKHX p03T0pHyAHCH BOeHHi Ail» 46.
BHCTyn J Ij io h a JXynopjxma Ha 3aciAaHHi KaöiHeTy HaoqHo niATBep-
Ah b cyTO iMnepiajiicTHHHy cnpHMOBamcTb «mh ph o i AeKJ iapauii». Ilo-
nepuie, npeM’ep-MiHicTp HaroAocHB Ha TOMy, mo ii Meioio 30BciM He 6yjio
npHnHHeHHH CBiTOBOl BifiHH. « ...YmOBH, HKi MH MaeMO HaMip BHKJiaCTH B
UbOMy AOKyMeHTi,— HarOJIOCHB BiH,— He nOBHHHi 6yTH T3KHMH, mo i'x
HiMeqqHHa noroAHTbcn npHfiHHTH». JIa o ö a ä ä o p a a c HaraAaB, mo HiMeq-
HHHa nepexcHBae qacn TpiyM^ y. I b u h x yMOBax, cKa3aB BiH AaAi, «j k o a -
h h h HiMeubKHfl ypnA He noroAHTbcn Ha Bee Te, Ha qoMy mh HanoAnraTHMeMO.
3ßiACH BHnAHBae, mo niAroTOBAiOBana 3aHBa Mae po3rAHAaTHCH CKopiuie
h k BoeHHHH, a He MHpHHH KpoK». Pa30M 3 t h m npeM’ep-MiHicTp HaAaBaB
BeAHKoro 3HaqeHHH TOMy, mo6 «MHpHa AeKAapauin» BHKopncTOByBaAacb
h k 3Hap«AAH BiApHBy ßiA HiMeqqHHH Ii* coio3HHKiB. B UbOMy nAam floro
Ayxce HenoKOiAa AeHiHCbKa 30BHiiHHH noAiTHKa. «OnyÖAixyBaHHH óiAbino-
BHK3MH COKD3HHX AOrOBOpiß, HKi CTOCyiOTbCH TypeqqHHH,— ÖiAKaBCH
J Ia o Aä ÄÄopA>K,— cnpaBHAo BeAHqe3HHfl b h a h b Ha mo KpalHy» 47.
y peieAbHO npoc})iAbTpoBaHOMy npoTOKOAi 3raAaHoro 3aciAaHHH BoeH-
Horo KaöiHeTy MicTHTbcn me OAHa 3raAKa npo PaAHHCbKy KpaiHy. CeciA,
30KpeMa, HanoAnraB Ha «... yHHKHeHHi b 3anBi 6yAb-HKHx noAo>xeHb, HKi
npHMycHTb PyMyHiio BBa^Kara, mo BeAHKoßpHTaHin xoq HKocb HexTye
CBOIMH 3060B*H3aHHHMH mOAO Hei». BiH paTyBaB He AHUie 3a AOTpHM3HHH
oßiuHHOK AonoMomi PyMynii b aneKcii TepHTopift y 3BłH3Ky 3 BCTynoM
y cßiTOBy BifiHy, a fl am yBaB 3a AOTpHMaHHH h o b h x , nepeAÖaqeHHx anrAO-
(J)paHuy3bKoio yroAOio npo po3noAiA «ccjiep BnAHßiß» y P o c ii48. Tax
npOAOBJKeHHH CBiTOBOl BiiiHH, AÜ B Ayci TaeMHHX AOrOBOpiß CTaBBAH He-
BiAAiAbHHMH BiA aKTHBi3auii niACTyniB iMnepiaAi3My npoTii AeniHCbKoI
30BHiuiHboi noAiTHKH MHpy, BiA po3ropT3Hh h aHTHpaAHHCbKoi iHTepBeHuii.
HafiBnAHBOBiuja aHrAincbKa 6yp>Kya3iia r a3eia «TaflMC» y nepeAOBifl,
cneuiaAbno npHCBHqeiriii MaiiCynibOMy Bueryny npeM’epa, norponcyBaAa:
«Bopory ia GiAbiuoBHKaM npeM’ep-MiHicTp AacTb Tenep BiAnoßiAb» 49.
BHCTynaioqn 3 mnpoKOMOBHoio 3aHBOio npo BoeHHi uiAi BeAHKOöpw-
TaHii, a Tai<o>K npo cTaHOBume na pi3HHx KOHTHHeHTax, Mopnx i oxea-
Hax 50, J Ia o h a JXwLopwi nepeönpaB Ha ce6e poAb npoßicHHKa iMnepiaAi-
cTiiqHoro BperyAioBaiiHH, Ha HKy npeieiiAyBaAH CLUA Ta ix TOAiuiHm
6oro6oH3AHBHfl npe3HACHT. BoeHHHH KaöiHeT noAÖaß npo Te, mo6 He
BHKAHK3TH HC33AOBOAeHHH CnOAyqeHHX LÜTaTiB. Oopill 0^)ic MaB HaAiCAa-
t h öpHTaHCbKOMy nocAy y BauiiHrroHi TeAerpaMy, Ae noBiAOMHTii aMepn-
KaHCbKHfi ypHA i o c o Sh c t o npc3HAeHTa npo neperoBopii 3 TpeA-iOHioHaMH.
*,c Ibid.
Ibid.— WC 313.
40 Ibid.
49 Times.— 1918.— January 4.
50 ä h b .: poc. nepeK.iaA TencTy k h. JT^o ü a ZI>KopAJKa «BoeHHbie MeMyapw» (t . 5,
c. 55—62).
BeAuKuü JKoereHb i nopa3Ka t oemh oX dutuiOMarii iMneplanisMy
B Hifi y po3naMJiHBHX TOHax 3MaAb0ByBaA0cn CTaHOBiime ÄH r jiil y 3B’fl3xy
3 HeoöxiAHicTK) npoßefleHHH a o a 3 t k o b o I Mo6iJ ii3auiI Ta 3aAe>KH0CTi yp jm y
b libOMy nHTaHHi BiA npo(J)cniAOK. « r ieperoBop it Aocnr.au Taxol t o h k h ,—
3a3HaqaAocn b Te.aerpaMi,— mo Ix ycn ix Mir öyTH 3a6e3iieqeHHH a h l u c
HerafiHoio ypnAOBOio 3anBoio npo uiAi y BiiiHi... H acy Ha xoH cyAbTauil 3
C0K>3HHK3MH BiAHOCHO TCKCTy 3aflBH ne 6\ 'A0. Bm t BOHa BiAnoBiAae
AeKJ iapauinM npe3HACHTa BiAbcon a» 5I.
CnpaBAi, b couiaAbHO-noAiTHHHOMy nAaHi ui.ai AHrAil Ta CLLIA,
«MHpHi nporpaMH» o6ox iMnepiaAicTHHHHX AepwaB 6 > a h , no cyTi, t o t o j k -
HIIMH. OAHaK CT3BAeHHH AO HHX y TaÖOpaX BOporiB MHpy i npHXHAbHHKiß
npoAOBXceHH» cßiTOBoi 6 ifim 6yA0 AßAeKO He OAHaKOBHM. üepeBarH CLUA
nepeA oc.aaG.iemiM y Biflni Ta 6e3nocepeAHbo 3anAHM0BaHHM t 36MHHMH
iMnepiaAicTHMiiHMH yroAaMH c o k w h h k o m b h h b a h a h c h o c o ö a h b o naonHo
t o a i> k o a h h l h a o c h npo Ail, cnpHMOBaHi npoTH coniaAicTHHHo! peBOAiouii
b Pocii. iMnepiaAicTH 3AaBaAH co6i cnpaBy 3 Toro, uro Ix «MHpHa nporpa-
Ma» Mae nporoAOUiyBaTHcn He AHUie HaüßaraTuioio KaniTaAicTimHoio
KpalHOK), a h HafiöiAbui AOCBiAneHHMH AOMaroraMH.
BaraTO b mmy cxo jk h mh 6yAH fi mct o a h niAroTOBKH «mh ph h x Aex-
Aapauifi». UI,onpaBAa, 3 a oxeaHOM BOHa Bejiaca me öiAbiu He AeMOxpa-
t h ih h mh MeTOAaMH, 3B3 >KaioqH Ha BHHHTKOBe craHOBHiue npeaHAeHTa B
cHCTeMi aMepHKaHCbKol aAMiHicTpauil, a Taxorx Ha aBTopHTapHicTb o co6h
B. BiAbcoHa. Ak t h bh h m opraHi3aTopoM nporoAomeHHA yMOB «aMepnxaH-
cbKoro MHpy» 6yB Xaya. Hk yxe BxaayBaAoca BHiue, b ih noÖyaxcyBaB
npe3HA0HTa a o BHCTyny 3 h h mh me niA nac 3ycTpi»ri cox)3HHxiB y napmxi.
3aKAHKaB fioro a o Uboro i nocoA ĆMA y IleTporpaAi OpeHcic. CnonaTxy
ocTaHHiü nepeuaB npe3HAeHTy npoxaHHH BiA AiflHiß pocißcbxol k o h t p-
peBOAiouil. HeBA0B3i y cb o Ix Aenemax b ih b h ca o b h b i BAacHi pexoMeHAa-
ui! moAO HeoöxiAHOCTi nxoMora cxopime BHCTynHTH 3 AexAapauiex), nxa
6 3rypTyBaAa npoTHBHHxiB 3araAbHoro AeMoxpaTimHoro MHpy, nporoAO-
uieHoro nepujHM 3axoHOAaßqHM axTOM couiaAicTHHHOl peß OAxmil52. Ilpo
ue CBiAMHTb 3BepHeHHH nocAa TuMnacoBoro yp«Ay BaxMeTeßa a o noAxoß-
HHxa Xay3a. üpeACTaBHux pocißcbxol KOHTppeBOAxmil npocTo ÖAaraB
nporoAOCHTH po3ropHyTy aMepHxaHCbxy «nporpaMy MHpy»: «Horo (Pa-
AHHCbxoro ypHAy.— P. C.) 3axAHK, 3BepHyTHfi a o cox)3HHxiB, He Moxe
AHIUHTHCfl 6e3 BlAnOBlAi, OCKiAbKH 6yAb-HKC yXHAHHHH C0K>3HHXiB BiA
p03B’H3aHHH nHTaHHfl npo MHp AHUie IIOCHAHTb n03HUiX> 6iAbmOBHXiB...
ByAb-HKHH 4>opMaAbHHÜ npoTecT npoTH noAiTHKH JleHiHa a6o 6yAb-nxi
norpo3H MaTHMyTb t oh x e etjtexT» S3.
BncTyn J I a o ü a H xo p Ax a 5 cinHH MaAO He cnAyTaB aMepiixaiiUHM
xapTH. Bin BiiKAHxaB y npe3HAeHTa po3naw. «BiAbcoH ,— 3a3Hauae aMe-
pHxaHCbKHii AocAiAHHK J I. TeAb^ aHA,— ouiHxmaB yMOBH npeM’ep-MiHicTpa
HaCTiAbKH 6AH3bKHMH AO CBOIX BA3CHHX, mO BB3X3B HCMOXAHBHM npeA* *
CT3BHTH OCTaHHi KOHTpeCy 8 CiUHH». Xay3 A0KA3B MHM3A0 3yCHAb, m o6
nepexoHaTH npe3HAeHTa BHCTynHTH 3 «14 nyHKTaMH». BiH 3aneBHK)BaB,
mo J I a o h a J lxo p AX Anmc « p o 3 h h c t h b noBirpn» a a j i aMepHxaHCbxoi
AexAap au il. « fl,— 3aHOTyB3B Xay3 ,— Taxojx n anoAn raß na TOMy, m o
niCAH TOTO, HK npe3HACHT BHrOAOCHTb CBOe 3BCpHeHHfl, Ue HaCTiAbKH
3r.aaAHTb Bp axem m BiA npoMOBH J I a o h a H xo p Axa , m o II 6yAe 3a6yTO,
i BiH, npe3HAenT, me pa3 BucTymiTb y poAi r.aamaTaH AHTaHTH, ßiAbiue
t o t o , AióepaAiB ycboro CBiTy. Ilpe3iiAeHT BKpaii po3qyAHBcn i b 3 h b c h a o
poßoTH 3 m e öiAbmiiM 3anaA0M» 64.
T a ocoÖHCTi m o t h b h — a b o h i i BiAir p a Ba .a u i BiAirpaioTb HaATo
IlOMiTHy p OAb B AißAbHOCTi 330KCaHCbKHX npe3HACHTiB, mo6 3 HHMH lie
51 PRO, Cab. 23/5, WC 313.
11 Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1918: Russia.—
V. 1— P. 238-239, 252—253 etc.
43 A p x i i B iio.'iKouiuiKa Xayaa.— T. 3.— C. 232.
*4 Ge l f a n d L. E. The Inquiry: American Preparations for Peace, 1917—1919.—
New Haven, 1963.— P. 151.
paxyBaTHca — h c 6 y.m t oj IObh h mh npnmiHaMH, nni «3anajiHAH» npe3H-
Ae HTa . BiH KepyßaBca HacaMnepeA HeBiAKJiaAHHMH rjioöajibHHMH noTpeöa-
MH (| )iHaHC0 BHX MOHonoJiifi, HaMaraHHHMH npHAyuiHTH couiajiicTHqHy
p e BOJiio u iio b Pocił Ta He Aon ycra ra npHnnHeHHH iMnepiajiicTuqHo! b Ih h h .
Ue fi noracHJio po3 ryÓJieHicTb i po3ApaTyBaHH5i npe3HAeHTa, BHKJiHKani
BHCTyn oM cn p HTHim o r o J I j io h a Ä>Ko p A>Ka .
8 ciq HH 1 9 1 8 p . 6 y jio o r o Jio m e HO 3 0 BHiiu Hb o n o jiiTHq Hy n p o r p a M y
C I I I A — II Ta K 3 Ba Hi «1 4 n yHKTiß » *. UijiKOM AOCTaTHbo p o3 r JiHHyTH T y r
jiH iu e o Kp e Mi 3 h h x , m o 6 e 3 n o ce p e AHb O cr o cy iOT b ca mh po j i io ö h h x n p o -
n o 3 Hu ifi Pa AHHCb Ko I Kp a lHH. Tax, h k iu o b fle Kp e T i n p o MHp BH cy Ba jia cn
BHMo r a n o cJiiAOBHo r o BTiJieHHH b >k h t t h n p HHUHn y n p a Ba Ha u ifi Ha ca MO-
BH3HaqeHHH HK OAHie i 3 HafiBa>KJlHBilIIHX yMOB MHp Hor o Bp e r yAIOBaHHH,
r a p a H T il n oAOJiaHHH n o jiiTHKH a H e xc ifi i n oHeBOJieHHH HapoAiß, t o «1 4
n yHKTiß », HKi cjjop Majib HO n or oA>KyBajiHC5 i 3 u h m n p HHu n n o M, BKp a n
o 6 M e » y B a jiH flo r o 3 a cTOcyß a HHH, 3bo a h h h JiHiu e a o o xp e M H x BHn a AKiB,
HKi BiAn o BiAa jiH iHTe p e ca M 6 o p o Tb 6 n C I U A 3 iMn e p ia jiicTHHHHMH KOHKy-
p eHTaMH.
y n o cjiiu o BHOMy BTijieHHi b j k h t t h n p HHUHn y H a u io H a jib H o r o ca MO-
BH3Han eHHH 6 yB 6 e 3 n o ce p e AHb o 3 a u iKa Bjie HHii yKp a iHCb KHfi HapoA. ÄA>i<e
bo h o Ha 6 jiH}KyBa jio 3 AificHe n HH flo r o ö a r a TOß iKOBo I Mp il — b o 33’€AH3h h h
B c ix y Kp a iHCb KHx 3 e Me Jib . Äia M e T p a jib H o n p o m n o K n y n o 3 im iio 3 a flMa B
BiJib co H — BiH o ö cTo iOBa B He o ö xiAHicTb 3 0 ep ex<eHHH h via n Te ß o I T a ö cß y p -
3 b KoI MOH a p xil, a o r a ce , fl Äo p cT OKo r o q y>K0 3 eMHor o r HOÖJieHHH y x p a iH -
u iß . I le p e Aß a q a Aa c H Jin u ie «a BTOHOMia » c Jio ß ’flHCbKHx HapoAiß Äß CTp o -
y r o p u iHH H Ta Typ e q q HHH (n yHKTH 1 0 -fi i 1 2 -fi) .
Bß a >Ka io q H 3 a ce jie H y y n p a h iu H MH Te p HTo p iio p o3 MiHHOio MOHeTOio b
iMn e p ia jiicTHq HHx T o p r a x i n e p e T o p r a x , aMep HKaHCb KHH y p « A 3 t h m
ÓijIbUIOIO BOpOXUCTIO CTaBHBCH AO HOTO ÖOpOTbÖH 3 a n e p e MOr y Pa AHH-
cb Ko i BJia AH, B3 a r a jii a o p e BOJiio u ift Ho r o eAHaHHH Ha p o Aiß Kp a lH H P a A
HaBKOJio Be AHKo r o p o c ificb Ko r o H a p o Ay . AMe p HKa HCb Ku fi n p e3 HAeHT n o q a ß
cß in BHCTyn y KOHr p e ci 3 BiAß e p To r o b h 3H3h h h , m o o c h o bh o io n p Hq iiHOio
noHBH «1 4 n yHKTiß » cTa jiH p e BOJiio u iflHi n o Aii y P o c i ł . To My-TO b u b OMy
AOKyMeHTi fl He 3 Ha flu u io cH M icu a a j i h n o jio a t e H b i u o a o Ma fió yTHb o r o
HiMe q q HHH. Micue r o jiOBHo r o Bo p o r a «co io 3 HHKiB» y Bifin i n o c ijia P o c ia .
O c h o b h h m ce p e A «1 4 n yHKTiß » 6 yß 6 -fl, u iJiKOM n p n cBa q e HHH «p o cificb Kift
n p o ß jie M i» . «Ha ft Kp a cHOMOBHim o io q acTHHOio n o cJia HHH» Ha3BaB flo r o
Xa y 3 . Ta u e 6 y jia o ö Jiy AH a «Kp a cHOMOBHicTb », cn o BHe Ha Jin u e Mip HHX
3 a n e BHe Hb n p o « j i i o ö o b » a o P o c i ł 3 6 o Ky « c e cT e p -H a u ifl» , n p o He BTp yq a H-
h h y Ii BHyTp iu iHi cn p a BH , n o ß a r y a o T e p H T o p ia jib iio i u i ji ic u o c T i.
Bbo a h h h b OMaHv HapoAH CBiTy, ypaA C I I I A Aiflß ßiA iMeHi t h x , x t o
AOÖHBaBCH po3 ropTanHH anTHpaAHHCbKOi iHTepßeHuil, AOKJiaAaB ycix
3 ycHJib, mo6 cnpOBOKyßaTH 36pofiHHii HanaA HiMeqqHHH Ha PaAHHCbKy
KpalHy. CiqHeßi nporojioweHHa J I j io h a H>KopA>Ka Ta BijibcoHa 6 yjin
cnpnMOBaHi npoTii peBOJiiouiftHoro BHXOAy HapoAiß Pocił 3 iMnepiajiicTHq-
h o I BiflHH. OAHieio 3 o c h o bh h x uijiefi, a xy bo h h nepecAiAyßaAH, öyjio
30epe>KeHHH eAHOCTi cTaporo cßiTy b ßopoTböi 3 PaAHHCbKOio BJiaAOio,
opraHi3 auin cnuibHoro 3 6 pofinoro noxoAy npoTH nel, h kh h Maß c t 3t h
pe3 yjibTaTOM 3 pnBv MiipnHX neperoBopiß y BpecTi i po3 noqaTHca a im i-
p aAHHCb KOio a r p e c ie io Üe HTp a jib HHX Acp >KaB.
B onyßjiiKOBaHHx AOKyMeHTax Ta ÄH rreoin ici noAKOBHHKa Xay3 a
MicTHTbcn 6 e3 nocepeAHi cBiAneiiHn npOBOKauinnoro xapaKTepy «1 4
nyHKTiß»: « llp e 3 HAeHT BiAbcoH BHBqaB nyHKT, npncBHqeHHH Pocił, 3
o c o ö a h bh m cTapaHHHM, ocKiJibKH cTaHOBHme B Pocił 6 yAO, B neBHOMy
p03yMiHHi, roAOBHHM «raison d’etre» (uijieBHnpaBAaHHHM) npOMOBH.
BiJibuiOBHKH VKAann nepeMHp’a 3 HiMeqqriHoio, npoTc me He 6 yjio 3’h c o -
BaHO, qn 3 MO>KVTb bo h h noroAHTHCb na ii yMOBH MHpy. HacaMnepeA
* TeKd «14 nviiKTiß» pa30M 3 KOMeiiTapaMii a h b .: Apxnß no.iKOBHHKa Xay3a.— M.,
1944.— T. 4.— C. 148-157.
Heo6 xiAHO 6 yjio HanoJiaraTH Ha ApyatHbOMy ciaBJieHHi ÄMepHKH a o Pocii
i Ha Bi^cyTHOCTi y nepmoi eroicTHMHHx uijien y Bifim» 55 *.
AMepHKaHCbKa aAMimcTpauia non jia^ ajia ocoßjiHBi Haail Ha npona-
raH^y BJiacHoi* «MHpHOi nporpaMH» b caMin Pocii. Bxce HacTynHoro a h h
nicJiH BHCTyny npe3 HAeH*ra 9 ciMHH 1918 p. AepacaBHHH cexpeTap CLLIA
JIaHciHr 3axcaAaB BiA OpeHcica 3 a 6 e3 neneHHH HKHafluinpuioro po3noBciOA-
jKeHHH «14 nyHKTiß» y FleTporpaAi, MocKBi Ta iHiiiHX BaxcjiHBHx ueHTpax
PaAHHCbKOi KpaiHH66. BiA E. CiccoHa — t o j io bh o I o c o 6 h , mo BiAajia
3 aoKeaHCbKOio nponaraiiAoio b Pocii, BiiMarajiii opraHi3yBaTH u ibh a k h h
nepeKJiaA AOKyMeHTa pocificbKoio mo bo io . Hepe3 KiJibKa AHiB OpeHcic
AonoBiB, mo y IleTporpaAi po3KJieeHO 100 t h c . npHMipHHKiß 3BepHeHHH
Bijibcona, me 800 t h c . MaJio po3 iiiTHCb b iHuiHX Micunx, HacaMnepeA Ha
cJ^poiiTi. A o bc c t h lx 3MicT AO coJiAaTiB, o c o Oj ih bo niBAeHHO-3axiAHoro
cjipoHTy 57, Majia Micia «ÄMepuKaHCbKoi acou iau ii xpHCTiiaHCbKoi MOJiOAi».
«14 nyHKTiß» nepeKJ iaAajiHca ii yKpaiHCbKOio mo bo io 58. AKTHBHy yqacTb
y niApHBHifl nponaraiiAHCTCbKiii KaMnanii ópajin ynpaiHCbKi 6ypxcya3Hi
nauioHajiicTH.
TapHHKOBa AiflJibHicTb areiiTiß CLUA y Pocii He 3Morjia 3HeiUKOAHTH
b 3a h TaeMHoi AHnjiOMaTii iMnepiajii3My. Bona ne npHHecjia OaacaHHX
pe3yjibTaTiB ii HaTXHCHHHKaM. £Ik BH3iiaBan 3aoi<eaiicbKHH icTOpHK
H. CeiiMyp, «qorapHaAUHTb nyHKTiß He cnpaBHJin TaKOTK 6e3nocepeAHboro
BnjiHBy i Ha cTaHOBHiue b Pocii, na h kh h po3paxoByßaB Xay3» 59 *. 3Myme-
Ha npHnHHHTH MOBqaHKy i BiAnoBicTH Ha MoryTHiii 3aKJiHK a o npnnHHeHHH
KpHBaBoi öifiHi Ta yKJiaAeiiHH 3arajibHoro AeMOKpaTHMHoro MHpy iMne-
piaJiicTHHHa Ann;ioMaTiH b h h b h ji3 cbo io Bopo>KicTb a o HaihKHTTeBimnx
iHTepeeiß HapoAiß. OaJibuiHBi cjioBecni BHCTynn na ix niATpHMKy oöepTa-
jih ch HacnpaBAi aKTHBi3auieio öopOTbön npoTH nepmoi b cßiTi couiajii-
ct h mh o 'i Aep>KaBn TpyA*imnx. PaAHHCbKa AimjioMaTiH 3VMiJia po3ni3HaTH
h BHKpHTii niACTynn BoporiB coiiiaAi3My. Y óopoTbói 3a peBOJiiouiiiHuii
BHxiA HapoAiß Pocii 3 iMnepiajiicTHMiioi b Uih ii BOHa ciiHpajiaca Ha Hayno-
bc peBOJiiouiiiHC BHeHiia npojieTapiaTy. B. I. JleHiH, h kh h oc3nocepcAHbo
KepyBaB 6opoTb6oio 3a Mnp, rpyuTOBiio b h k p iib njiaHii aiiTaHTiBCbKO-aMe-
piiKaHCbKHX npaBJiHMHx Ki;i, ciipHMOBani na iioBa^ieiiiiH PaAHiicbKoi BJiaAH
CHA3MH KaH3epiBCbKiix BÜicbK, na BiAKpmy mii MOBMa3iiy yroAy CBiTOBoro
iMnepiaAi3My 3a paxynoK HapoAiß Pocii. «AnrYio-(| )paimy3bKa 6yp>Kya-
3in,— BiA3iiaMaB, 30Kpe\ ia, Bin ,— craBHTb naM 3anaAHio: iAiTb-HO, Jiio6i,
BOioBaTH Tü iiep , mii ßiA Uboro qyAOBo BiirpaeMo. HiMui Bac norpaóyioTb,
«3apo6jißTb» na CxoAi, a c u jc b u jc iiocTyiiAHTbCH na 3axoAi, a a o peni
PaAHHCbKa B.’iaAa nojicTiiTb» r,°. JIciiiiicbKa xapaKTepncTHKa noBHicTio
cTOcyeTbcn ii ipinancoBoro KaniTa;iy CLUA. Ue cTae 3po3yMijiHM, k o jiii
3icT3BHTH «Tc3ii no nHTaHHio npo neraiiHe yKJiaACHHH cenapaTiioro i
aHeKcioHicrcbKoro MHpy» i niAroTOBMi MaTcpiajm a o h h x . B naparpa(J)i
AecHTOMy Te3 iiaroJiouiyeTbcH, mo «pcBOAiouiiiHa Biima», bc a c h h h h k o 'i
BiiMarajiH Bopom 6iJibinoBH3My, «b a s h h ii mo mch t 3poÓHJia 6 Hac oö’eK-
TMBHO areHTaMH anrvio-cJipaimyabKoro iMnepia;ii3My»61 *. B naqepKax a o
uiei npaui Bo a o a h mh p IjiJiiM Tax ccJiopMyjiioBaB HaBeAeny Bnme Te3y:
«oö’eKTHBiio arem BijibcoHa»G2. U h m niAKpecjiiOBaAocn, mo 3aoKeaH-
cbKHii npe3HACHT BucTyiiaB bi'a imeh i BCboro amaHTiBCbKO-aMepHKaHCbKO-
ro raCopy.
ApxiiB no.iKOBiiiiKa Xay3a.— T. 3.— C. 231—232.
Papers..., 1918: Russia.— V. 1.— P. 426.
Ibid.— P. 427; Bolshevik Propaganda: Hear ings before llie Subcommittee of the
Committeeon the Judiciary. U. S. Senate. Sixty-sixth Congr ess and thereafter .— Washin
gton, 1919.— P. 194— 196.
58 La s e r s o n M. Amer ican Impact on Russia.— New York, 1950— P. 419.
? ApxiiB nojiKOBHHKa Xay3a.— T. 3.— C. 243.
c l e n i u B. 1. FIpo peBo.iioiuiiiiy (ppn3y // IloBiie 3if>p. TBopiß.— T. 35.— C. 338.
Jl d e n i ii B. 1. Ao icTopil niiTainni npo iiemacniiii Miip // Ta\ i >Ke — C. 237.
' ' «leHHIICKHli COOpHHK XI.— C. 37.
BejiHMe3He 3 n a iicHHH a jih Mo6 ijii3 au n Mac npoTH niACTyniß Mbxiia-
poAHoro iMnep ia^ i3My Majio b h k p h t t h B . I . J I c i u h i i m cnpaB>KHboro fx
3M id y i cnpHMyBaHHH. BiH nepeKOHJiHBo noi<a3aB, m o 6 opOTb6a 3a m up
y KOHKpeTHO icTOpHHHHx yMOBax Kin u« 1 9 1 7 p .— noqaTKv 1 9 1 8 p. cTa .ia
BHpimajibHHM (J)aKTopoM po3BHTi<y i 3MiuiieHHH couiajiicTHm ioi' peBO.TIOHil.
« ... II] ,o m o >k c 6 v t h 6 c3nepcMHiuiHM i H c i i iu ji iM ,— 3 aniiTyBaB B o j i o a h m h p
I;iJiiq ,— Hi>K Tai<a icTn na: yp h a , flKiiii ;ian 3M\ rMeii0My Tpiiphinoio rpaöi/ K-
HHUbKOJO BiflHOIO HapOAOßi Pa^ HHCbKy BJUIAV, 3CMJIIO, pofiiTIIHHHH KOIIT-
poJib i Mup, 6yu 6 h HenepeMO/ Kimii? Mwp — i o / i o b h c » °3.
B . I . Jl c u i i i i i a r o ;io iu y B a B n a vKi i t t c b o Ba >KJiHBOMy 3 iia q e H n i ö o p o i b -
ÖH 3 a 3 6 ep e>KCHHM i 3Mi u i i c h h h P a A^ iHCb Ko i B/ ia AH h c j i n m e 3 t o h k h 3 o p v
iHT e p e ciß i ia p o Aiß P o c i i \ a ii Mi>KHa p o AHo r o p c B O Ji io u i fin o r o i p o ö iTHH-
q o r o p y x y , iia u ,io Ha Ab HO-BH3 BOJib HOi ö o p o T b ö n , n o T p e ö cß iT OBo r o c y c n i j i b -
Ho r o p o 3 BiiT Ky. Jle H in c b K a MHp Ha n o jiiTHKa n c x p a B O BT iji io Ba jia b c o 6 i
o p r a n iq H i r y M a H ic T im m 3 a ca AH B e Ji u x o r o }Ko b t i i h . B o n a c n u p a Aa c a n a
n UT p H M Ky B c ix T p y a n m n x P o c iT , a T a x o n c T a x o r o Mo r yT Hb o r o co K) 3 Hiixa
y 6 o p o T b 6 i n p o TH iMn e p ia ji icT H Miio i n o ji iT H x n b o c h ft a r p e c i i , h x p o ö iT HH-
mh h KJia c Ka n iT a jiicT HH HHx x p a iH , n p HBOAHJia b ä i k > Ha AifiHHft p e 3 e p ß
c y c n i j ib H o r o n p o r p e c y — CBiTOBHft Ha u io Ha jib Ho -BH3 BOJib HHfi p y x . U e ft
3 a 6 e 3 n e q y B a ;io y c n i x 3 0 BHin iHb o T n o j i i r a x H co u ia ji icT H H H Oi p e BOJiio u ii* y
n p o T Hß o p cT Bi 3 AH n jio Ma T ie io iM n c p ia j i i 3 M y .
Ilo c Ji i^ O B H a ft H a n o Jie r jiH Ba 6 o p o T b 6 a Co i 0 3 y P C P 3 a BiABe p He HHH
T e p MOHAe p Ho I BifiHH Ha c y q a c H O M y e T a n i n e p e x o H JiH Bo cß iAHHTb n p o
n e p o 3 p HBHHH «B3 a e M0 3 B*H3 0 K iAe a ji iB > Ko b t h h i HHHiu iHb o r o x y p c y
n a p T i i , ... Bce cBiT Hb O-icT o p HHHy 3 Ha q HMicT b ) Ko BT H e Bo I p e B O Ji i o u i l ...» 64.
P o 3 n o q a T a He io 6 o p o T b 6 a n p o TH t b c m h o i AH iu io M a T i l iM n e p ia ;i i3 M y
n p o K Jia Aa e ji iOACT By u i j i h x y c b It 6 e 3 b o c h , y c b It a p j ^ k C h ft Sp a T e p c T B a
HapoAiB.
P. r . CuMonetiKO
BEJIHKHH OKTHBPb
H nOPA>KEHHE TAHHOH ÄHnJIOMATHH HMFIEPHAJ1H3MA
(HOflBPb 1917 r .— JIHBAPb 1918 r .)
P e 3 K) m e
B craTbe paccMaTpHBaer cH HaqaJibHbift 9Tan npoTHBOÓopcTBa BHeoiHeft iio jih t h kh
p o*AeHHor o BeAHKHM OKTBÓpeM CoBeTCKor o r ocy^ apcTBa 11 TafiHoft AwuiOMaTHH iiMne-
pnaaH3Ma. PacxpbiBaiOTCH MaHeBpu, CBH3aHHbie c <j)OpMyjiHpoBaHHeM «MHpHofi npor paM-
Mbl> AHTaHTbl H CLUA B OTB6T Ha IIOAieM aHTHBOeHHOrO ABHJKeHHH HapOAOB, Bb!3BaHHOrO
coAepxcaBiuHMca b jieHHHCKOM Äe xp e r e o Mupe TpeÓOBaHHeM Bceoöm er o AeMoxpam *
q ecxor o Mupa.
63 JI e 11 i h B. I. npo cBepó.iHMKy / / noBHe 3i6p. TBopiB.— T. 35.— C. 347.
64 B UeHTpajibHOM KoMmeTe KIICC // npaBAa.— 1986.— 22 aBr.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-214724 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0130-5247 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-21T18:04:04Z |
| publishDate | 1986 |
| publisher | Інститут історії України НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Симоненко, Р.Г. 2026-02-25T13:07:29Z 1986 Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) / Р.Г. Симоненко // Український історичний журнал. — 1986. — № 11. — С. 52–66. — Бібліогр. 64: — укр. 0130-5247 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214724 В статье рассматривается начальный этап противоборства внешней политики рожденного Великим Октябрем Советского государства и тайной дипломатии империализма. Раскрываются маневры, связанные с формулированием «мирной программы» Антанты и США в ответ на подъем антивоенного движения народов, вызванного содержавшимися в ленинском Декрете о мире требованиями всеобщего демократического мира. uk Інститут історії України НАН України Український історичний журнал Статті Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) Великий Октябрь и поражение тайной дипломатии империализма (ноябрь 1917 г. – январь 1918 г.) Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) Симоненко, Р.Г. Статті |
| title | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| title_alt | Великий Октябрь и поражение тайной дипломатии империализма (ноябрь 1917 г. – январь 1918 г.) |
| title_full | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| title_fullStr | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| title_short | Великий Жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| title_sort | великий жовтень і поразка таємної дипломатії імперіалізму (листопад 1917 р. – січень 1918 р.) |
| topic | Статті |
| topic_facet | Статті |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/214724 |
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