Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання
Предметом наукового дослідження є проблема формування та ефективності діючого механізму міжнародно-правового регулювання міжнародних відносин між державами - членами Вишеградської Четвірки та Україною. На думку автора, тільки діючий механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання міждержавних регіональних...
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| Published in: | Часопис Київського університету права |
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| Date: | 2010 |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
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Інститут держави і права ім. В.М. Корецького НАН України
2010
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| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/23670 |
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| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання / Г.Г. Динис // Часопис Київського університету права. — 2010. — № 4. — С. 328-337. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — укр. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859904425787654144 |
|---|---|
| author | Динис, Г.Г. |
| author_facet | Динис, Г.Г. |
| citation_txt | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання / Г.Г. Динис // Часопис Київського університету права. — 2010. — № 4. — С. 328-337. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — укр. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Часопис Київського університету права |
| description | Предметом наукового дослідження є проблема формування та ефективності діючого механізму міжнародно-правового регулювання міжнародних відносин між державами - членами Вишеградської Четвірки та Україною. На думку автора, тільки діючий механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання міждержавних регіональних відносин створює реальні можливості сформулювати прагматичні оцінки та визначити можливі перспективи сучасного міжрегіонального співробітництва України з даним міжнародним політичним утворенням в умовах, коли держави Вишеградської Групи набули статусу членів ЄС, а також НАТО. Ключові слова: Вишеградська Група, міжнародне право, система міжнародних відносин, механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання, транскордонне співробітництво, міжтериторіальне співробітництво.
Предметом научного исследования является проблема формирования и эффективности действующего механизма международно-правового регулирования межгосударственных отношений между государствами-членами Вышеградской Группы и Украиной. По мнению автора, только действующий механизм международно-правового регулирования межгосударственных региональних отношений создает реальные возможности сформулировать прагматичные оценки и определить возможные перспективы современного регионального сотрудничества Украины с данным международным политическим объединением в условиях, когда государства Вышеградской Группы приобрели статус членов ЕС, а также НАТО. Ключевые слова: Вышеградская Группа, международное право, система международных отношений, механизм международно-правового регулирования, трансграничное сотрудничество, межтерриториальное сотрудничество.
This academic research is devoted to the analysis of formation and effectiveness of acting international legal regulatative mechanism of Vishegrad Group and Ukraine Interstate relations. The author argues that only, acting international legal regulatative mechanism of interstate regional relations is establishing real possibilities to formulate pragmatic opinion and shall determine possible perspectives of modern cooperation of Ukraine with international political unity of V4, taking into account the fact that member-states of Vishegrad Group acquired the status of member-states of EU and NATO. Key words: Vishegrad Group, International Law, International Relations System, International Legal Regulatative Mechanism, Transfrontier Cooperation, Interteritotial Cooperation, Cross-Border Cooperation.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:58:49Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
äå âñåãî, êàñàåòñÿ âûðàáîòêè îáùåïðèçíàííûõ þðèäè÷åñêèõ äåôèíèöèé «òåððîðèçìà», «àãðåññèâíîãî ñåïà-ðàòèçìà», «ðåëèãèîçíîãî ýêñòðåìèçìà» è äðóãèõ îïðåäåëåíèé êàê êîìïîíåíòîâ òðàíñíàöèîíàëüíîé ïðåñòóï-íîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè. Ýòî òàêæå âêëþ÷àåò íåîáõîäèìîñòü âûðàáîòêè ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ ôîðì è ìåòîäîâ ðåàãèðîâàíèÿ íà ýòèïðåñòóïëåíèÿ ïîñðåäñòâîì ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâà.
1 Àíòèïåíêî Â. Ô. Ïîíÿòòÿ òåðîðèçìó (êðèì³íàëüíî-ïðàâîâå âèçíà÷åííÿ) // Ïðàâî Óêðà¿íè. � ¹ 2. �1999 � C. 92-95.2 Åðåìååâ Ñ. Ã. Âûçîâû ãëîáàëèçàöèè: ýòíè÷åñêèé è ðåëèãèîçíûé ýêñòðåìèçì â ñîâðåìåííîì ìèðå //http: //www. anthro-pology. ru/ru/ texts /eremeev/ terror. html].3 Ñàòàíîâñêèé Å. ß. Ãëîáàëèçàöèÿ òåððîðèçìà è åå ïîñëåäñòâèÿ // Ìåæäóíàðîäíàÿ æèçíü. � ¹ 9-10. � 2001.4 www.coe.int/gmt Äîêóìåíò ÑÌÒ (2002) / 7-10 îêòÿáðÿ 2002 ãîäà. Äîêëàä Ãîñäåïàðòàìåíòà ÑØÀ «Ãëîáàëüíûé òåððî-ðèçì â 2002 ãîäó» (âûäåðæêè) // [http://usinfo.state.gov/russki/kåó/terrorism-2002.htm].5 Ïàìÿòè Ìîíòå // Ãîëîñ Àðìåíèè. � 27 íîÿáðÿ 1997.6 À.Ä.Ãóëèåâ // Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé îðãàí � Îðãàíèçàöèÿ Îáúåäèíåííûõ Íàöèè � â áîðüáå ñ òåððîðèçìîì // Ïðàâî ³ñóñï³ëüñòâî: � Ä., 2009. - ¹ 6. � Ñ. 159-164.7 Àëè Àáàñîâ è Àðóòþí Õà÷àòðÿí. Êàðàáàõñêèé êîíôëèêò âàðèàíòû ðåøåíèÿ: èäåè è ðåàëüíîñòü. � Ì.: Ìåæäóíàðîäíûåîòíîøåíèÿ. � 2004. � 168 ñ.8 Äîêëàä Ãîñäåïàðòàìåíòà ÑØÀ «Ãëîáàëüíûé òåððîðèçì â 2002 ãîäó» (âûäåðæêè) // [http://usinfo.state.gov/russki/kåó/ter-rorism-2002.htm].9 Ìåõòèåâ Ðàìèç. Àçåðáàéäæàí � 2003-2008: Ðàçìûøëÿÿ îá ýïîõå. � Áàêó, 2009. � 240 ñ.10 Óêàç Ïðåçèäåíòà Àçåðáàéäæàíñêîé Ðåñïóáëèêè «Î ïëàíå ìåðîïðèÿòèé ïî îáåñïå÷åíèþ âûïîëíåíèÿ ðåçîëþöèé Ñîâå-òà Áåçîïàñíîñòè ÎÎÍ ¹ 1368 îò 12 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2001 ãîäà, ¹ 1373 îò 28 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2001 ãîäà è ¹ 1377 îò 12 íîÿáðÿ 2001 ãîäà»www.br.az 11 Çàêîí Àçåðáàéäæàíñêîé Ðåñïóáëèêè «Î áîðüáå ñ òåððîðèçìîì» îò 18 èþíÿ 1999 ãîäà. www.br.az
Ðåçþìå óìîâàõ ãëîáàë³çàö³¿ ì³æíàðîäíèé òåðîðèçì ðîçãëÿäàºòüñÿ íå ò³ëüêè ÿê ïîãðîçà îêðåìî âçÿòèì äåðæàâàì, à é âèêëèêâñüîìó ëþäñòâó. Öå âèçíà÷èëî ðÿä ïðèíöèïîâî íîâèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê òåðîðó åïîõè ãëîáàë³çàö³¿.Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ñåïàðàòèçì, ì³æíàðîäíèé òåðîðèçì, òåðîðèçì ³ àãðåñèâíèé ñåïàðàòèçì, åòí³÷íèé ñåïàðàòèçì, êîíñòè-òóö³éíèé ëàä ³ òåðèòîð³àëüíî¿ ö³ë³ñí³ñòü, ëîêàëüí³ åòí³÷í³ êîíôë³êòè îðãàí³çîâàíîþ çëî÷èíí³ñòþ, íàðêîá³çíåñ, òîðã³âëåþçáðîºþ é ëþäüìè.
Ðåçþìå óñëîâèÿõ ãëîáàëèçàöèè ìåæäóíàðîäíûé òåððîðèçì ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ íå òîëüêî êàê óãðîçà îòäåëüíî âçÿòûì ãîñóäàðñòâàì,íî è âûçîâ âñåìó ÷åëîâå÷åñòâó. Ýòî ïðåäîïðåäåëèëî ðÿä ïðèíöèïèàëüíî íîâûõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê òåððîðà ýïîõè ãëîáàëèçàöèè.Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: òåððîðèçì, ãëîáàëüíîé óãðîçû, ñåïàðàòèçì, ìåæäóíàðîäíûé òåððîðèçì, òåððîðèçì è àãðåññèâíûé ñå-ïàðàòèçì, ýòíè÷åñêèé ñåïàðàòèçì, êîíñòèòóöèîííûé ñòðîé è òåððèòîðèàëüíîé öåëîñòíîñòü, ëîêàëüíûå ýòíè÷åñêèå êîíôëèê-òû, íàðêîáèçíåñ, òîðãîâëåé îðóæèåì è ëþäüìè.
SummaryIn conditions of globalization the international terrorism is considered as not only the threat for individual nations but as the chal-lenge for the whole humanity. It predetermined in essence the set of new characteristics of terror in globalization epoque.Key words: separatism, international terrorism, terrorism and aggressive terrorism, ethnic separatism, constitutional order andterritorial integrity, local ethnic conflicts, drug trafficking, weapon and human being trafficking. Îòðèìàíî 22.06.2010
Ã. Ã. ÄÈÍÈÑ
Ãåîðã³é Ãåîðã³éîâè÷ Äèíèñ, êàíäèäàò þðèäè÷íèõíàóê, ïðîôåñîð, çàâ³äóâà÷ êàôåäðè Çàêàðïàòñüêî-ãî äåðæàâíîãî óí³âåðñèòåòóÑÓ×ÀÑÍÈÉ ÑÒÀÒÓÑ ÒÀ ÏÅÐÑÏÅÊÒÈÂÈ Â²ÄÍÎÑÈÍ Ì²Æ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÎÞ ÒÀ ÂÈØÅÃÐÀÄÑÜÊÎÞ ×ÅÒ²ÐÊÎÞ: ÌÅÕÀͲÇÌ Ì²ÆÍÀÐÎÄÍÎ-ÏÐÀÂÎÂÎÃÎ ÐÅÃÓËÞÂÀÍÍßÀêòóàëüí³ñòü ïîñòàíîâêè äàíîãî ïèòàííÿ â ÿêîñò³ ïðåäìåòó äîñë³äæåííÿ çóìîâëåíà çàãàëüíîþ ïðîáëå-ìîþ åôåêòèâíîñò³ çîâí³øíüî¿ ðåã³îíàëüíî¿ ïîë³òèêè Óêðà¿íè ñòîñîâíî Öåíòðàëüíîºâðîïåéñüêîãî ðåã³îíó ó
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Ïðàâîâà ñèñòåìà Óêðà¿íè é ì³æíàðîäíå ïðàâî, ïîð³âíÿëüíå ïðàâî
© Ã. Ã. Äèíèñ, 2010
ôîðìàò³ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè (àáî äåðæàâèV4) � Ðåñïóáë³êà Ïîëüùà (ÐÏ), Ñëîâàöüêà Ðåñïóáë³êà (ÑÐ),Óãîðñüêà Ðåñïóáë³êà (ÓÐ), òà ×åñüêà Ðåñïóáë³êà (×Ð).Ïðîáëåìàòèêà ì³æíàðîäíîãî ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà äåðæàâ Öåíòðàëüíî¿ ªâðîïè òà Óêðà¿íèïîñò³éíî º ïðåäìåòîì íàóêîâèõ äîñë³äæåíü â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ òà çàðóá³æíèõ â÷åíèõ, â îñíîâíîìó ³ñòîðèê³â-ì³æíàðîäíèê³â, ïîë³òîëîã³â, åêîíîì³ñò³â òà ³íøå. Ðàçîì ³ç òèì, ïèòàííÿ ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãîðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà êðà¿íàìè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â íàóö³ òà íà ïðàê-òèö³ ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïðàâà íå îòðèìàëî äîñòàòíüî¿ óâàãè. Íà íàøó äóìêó, ñàìå äîñë³äæåííÿ ñó÷àñíîãî ñòàòó-ñó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ìåõàí³çìó ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ìîæå äàòè â³äïîâ³äü ïðî õàðàêòåð òàåôåêòèâí³ñòü ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà äåðæàâ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè, à òàêîæ ïåðñïåêòèâè ³õ ïîäàëü-øîãî ðîçâèòêó.̳æíàðîäí³ â³äíîñèíè Óêðà¿íè òà Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè º ïðåäìåòîì øèðîêèõ íàóêîâèõ äèñêóñ³é,ïðî ùî ñâ³ä÷èòü ì³æíàðîäíà êîíôåðåíö³ÿ «Óêðà¿íà òà Âèøåãðàäñüêà ×åòâ³ðêà: íà øëÿõó äî âçàºìîâèã³äíèõâ³äíîñèí» (òðàâåíü, 2010 ð., ì. Óæãîðîä, Óêðà¿íà). Íà êîíôåðåíö³¿ áóëî ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî íèí³øí³é ñòàí, ðîç-âèòîê, ïåðñïåêòèâè â³äíîñèí òà âàæëèâîñò³ ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà äåðæàâàìè V4â îñíîâíîìó â ïîë³òè÷í³é, åêîíîì³÷í³é, êóëüòóðí³é, íàóêîâ³é, îñâ³òí³é ñôåðàõ, à òàêîæ ñôåð³ íàâêîëèøíüîãîñåðåäîâèùà1.Òîìó îñîáëèâîãî çíà÷åííÿ íàáóâຠïèòàííÿ ñòàòóñó äîãîâ³ðíî¿ îñíîâè ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà äåðæàâ Âèøå-ãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè. Àíàë³ç ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâ³ðíèõ çàêîíîäàâ÷èõ àêò³â, äîêóìåíò³â, äåêëàðàö³é,ìàòåð³àë³â ªâðîïåéñüêî¿ Êîì³ñ³¿ ùîäî ÷îòèðüîõ äåðæàâ Öåíòðàëüíî¿ ªâðîïè, ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî íàÿâí³ñòü ïåâíî-ãî ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ, ôóíêö³îíàëüíå ïðèçíà÷åííÿ ÿêîãî â øèðîêîìó êîíòåêñò³ �ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ â³äíîñèí òà ôîðìàë³çàö³ÿ ³íòåãðàö³éíèõ ³í³ö³àòèâ V4 ç ìåòîþ ïî-ãëèáëåííÿ ³äåíòè÷íîñò³ Öåíòðàëüíî-ªâðîïåéñüêîãî ðåã³îíó.Íà äóìêó àâòîðà, òî÷íå ïðî÷èòàííÿ ñàìå ÷èííîãî ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà êðà¿íàìè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè ñòâîðþº ìîæëèâ³ñòü â³äíàéòèïðàãìàòè÷í³ îö³íêè òà àðãóìåíòè ùîäî ñó÷àñíîãî ñòàòóñó ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Óêðà¿íè ç ì³æíà-ðîäíèì ïîë³òè÷íèì îá�ºäíàííÿì � Âèøåãðàäñüêîþ ×åòâ³ðêîþ, ³äåíòèô³êàö³¿ ñï³ëüíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â òà ðåàëü-íîñò³ çàäåêëàðîâàíèõ ö³ííîñòåé ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ç Óêðà¿íîþ â óìîâàõ, êîëè äåðæàâè V4 íà-áóëè ñòàòóñó ÷ëåí³â ÍÀÒÎ, à òàêîæ ªâðîïåéñüêîãî Ñîþçó.Äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîáëåìàòèêè ïð³îðèòåò³â ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöâà òà, â ïåðøó ÷åðãó, éîãî åôåêòèâ-íîñò³, çóìîâëþº àíàë³ç Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â ÿêîñò³ ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ïîë³òè÷íîãî ôåíîìåíó ó âçàºìîçâ�ÿç-êó ç ñèñòåìíèìè ºâðî³íòåãðàö³éíèìè ïðîöåñàìè, ÿê³ â³äáóâàþòüñÿ ó ðåã³îí³ Öåíòðàëüíî¿ òà Ñõ³äíî¿ ªâðîïè,à òàêîæ ÷åðåç îö³íêè ä³þ÷îãî ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí ì³æÓêðà¿íîþ òà êðà¿íàìè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè.̳æíàðîäíå ïðàâî � öå º ì³æíàðîäíà ïîë³òèêà2 * Ñòàòóñ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â ñèñòåì³ ðåã³îíàëü-íèõ ºâðîïåéñüêèõ â³äíîñèí çóìîâëåíèé íàÿâí³ñòþ ïîë³òè÷íî¿ âîë³ ñòîð³í, òà â³äïîâ³äíî, çì³ñòîì ðåã³îíàëü-íîãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ó ñôåðàõ åêîíîì³êè, êóëüòóðè, íàâêîëèøíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà íà îñíîâ³äâîñòîðîíí³õ òà áàãàòîñòîðîíí³õ óãîä, äåêëàðàö³é, êîíñóëüòàö³é, ïîë³òè÷íèõ çàÿâ. Ìåòà � êîîðäèíàö³ÿçîâí³øí³õ ïîë³òè÷íèõ ïîçèö³é òà ôîðìàë³çàö³ÿ ñï³ëüíèõ ï³äõîä³â äî ïèòàíü, ùî ðåïðåçåíòóþòü ñï³ëüíèé³íòåðåñ äëÿ ó÷àñíèê³â äàíîãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïîë³òè÷íîãî îá�ºäíàííÿ. îñíîâ³ ïîë³òèêî-ïðàâîâèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ï³äñèñòåìè ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿×åòâ³ðêè ïð³îðèòåòíèìè º âèêëèêè öèâ³ë³çàö³éíîãî ïîðÿäêó, à ñàìå ö³ííîñò³ ïîâ�ÿçàí³ ç íàö³îíàëüíèìè ³íòå-ðåñàìè êîæíî¿ îêðåìî ñóâåðåííî¿ äåðæàâè, òåðèòîð³àëüíîþ áåçïåêîþ, ïðàâàìè òà ñâîáîäàìè ëþäèíè, çà-ãàëüíèì ºâðîïåéñüêèì ì³æíàðîäíèì ïðàâîïîðÿäêîì, ÿê³ îáóìîâëþþòü êîæíó äåðæàâó â³äïîâ³äíî âèáóäîâó-âàòè çîâí³øíþ ïîë³òèêó. Íà îô³ö³éíîìó ïîðòàë³ �About the Visegrad Group� à òàêîæ ñïåö³àë³çîâàíèõ ì³æíà-ðîäíèõ ²íòåðíåò-âèäàíü, íàïðèêëàä, îô³ö³éíèé âåá-ñàéò �Âèøåãðàäñüêà ãðóïà� (www.visegrsdgroup.eu)ñôîðìóëüîâàí³ êëþ÷åâ³ ïîëîæåííÿ ùîäî îñíîâíèõ íàïðÿìê³â ä³ÿëüíîñò³ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè, ÿê³ â³äîáðà-æàþòü çóñèëëÿ êðà¿í ðåã³îíó Öåíòðàëüíî¿ ªâðîïè ïðàöþâàòè ðàçîì ó áàãàòüîõ ñôåðàõ ñï³ëüíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â óðàìêàõ çàãàëüíèõ ºâðî³íòåãðàö³éíèõ ïðîöåñ³â, ÿê³ â³äáóâàþòüñÿ ó ðåã³îí³ Öåíòðàëüíî¿ òà Ñõ³äíî¿ ªâðîïè.Çàäåêëàðîâàíà îô³ö³éíà ñï³ëüíà ïîçèö³ÿ íà ð³âí³: ªâðîïåéñüêèé Cîþç � Âèøåãðàäñüêà Ãðóïà, à ñàìå:�Âèøåãðàäñüêà Ãðóïà (òàêîæ â³äîìà ï³ä íàçâîþ «Âèøåãðàä ×îòèðè» àáî ïðîñòî «V4») â³äîáðàæຠçóñèëëÿêðà¿í ðåã³îíó Öåíòðàëüíî¿ ªâðîïè ïðàöþâàòè ðàçîì ó ñôåðàõ ñï³ëüíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â ó ðàìêàõ çàãàëüíî¿ ºâðî-ïåéñüêî¿ ³íòåãðàö³¿: ×åñüêà Ðåñïóáë³êà, Óãîðùèíà, Ïîëüùà òà Ñëîâà÷÷èíà çàâæäè áóëè ÷àñòèíîþ ºäèíî¿öèâ³ë³çàö³¿ ïîä³ëÿþ÷è êóëüòóðí³ òà ³íòåëåêòóàëüí³ ö³ííîñò³ òà çàãàëüí³ îñíîâè ð³çíèõ ðåë³ã³éíèõ òðàäèö³é,ÿê³ âîíè áàæàþòü çáåðåãòè òà çì³öíþâàòè ó ïîäàëüøîìó�3.Specifica differencia íàéá³ëüø õàðàêòåðíèõ þðèäè÷íèõ, ³ íå ò³ëüêè, îñîáëèâîñòåé ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîä-íî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè îáóìîâëåíàì³æíàðîäíèìè ïðàâîâ³äíîñèíàìè íà ð³âí³ ªâðîïåéñüêîãî Ñï³âòîâàðèñòâà, ÍÀÒÎ, à òàêîæ îïîñåðåäêîâàíîñèñòåìîþ òðàíñêîðäîííèõ â³äíîñèí äåðæàâ, ùî ìàþòü ñï³ëüí³ êîðäîíè ç Óãîðùèíîþ, Ïîëüùåþ, Ñëîâà÷÷è-íîþ, â ïåðøó ÷åðãó ç Óêðà¿íîþ.
Äèíèñ Ã. Ã. Ñó÷àñíèé ñòàòóñ òà ïåðñïåêòèâè â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà âèøåãðàäñüêîþ ÷åòâ³ðêîþ: ìåõàí³çì�
329×àñîïèñ Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ïðàâà � 2010/4
* Àâòîðñüêèé ïàðàôðàç êîíöåïòóàëüíî¿ òåçè âèäàòíîãî þðèñòà-ì³æíàðîäíèêà Ëüþ¿ñà Ãåíê³íà ( ÑØÀ), à ñàìå: � Ïåðø çàâñå , ïðàâî öå ïîë³òèêà �. The Nature of International Law. In: International Law. Cases and materials.Third edition by Louis Henkin,Columbia University, School of law , Richard Crawford Pugh, Schachter, Hans Smit ,Columbia University, School of law; AmericanCasebook Series; West Publishing Co, St.Paul,Mnn.,1993, page1.
Ìåõàí³çì ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ (íàäàë³: ÌÏÐ) ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Âèøå-ãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè âêëþ÷ຠñóêóïí³ñòü ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèõ çàñîá³â òà ìåòîä³â âïëèâó íà ì³æäåðæàâí³ ïðà-âîâ³äíîñèíè. Ñóòí³ñòü þðèäè÷íèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé ÌÏÐ â³äíîñèí Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè îáóìîâëåíà íà-ÿâí³ñòþ íàñòóïíèõ åëåìåíò³â: à) äâîñòîðîíí³õ òà áàãàòîñòîðîíí³õ óãîä, äîãîâîð³â, êîíâåíö³é, ìåòîþ, ÿêèõ ºðåãóëþâàííÿ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí; á) íàÿâí³ñòþ ïîë³òè÷íî¿ âîë³ ó÷àñíèê³â Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿×åòâ³ðêè; â) òàêîæ ³ñíóþ÷èì áàëàíñîì âçàºìíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â ó÷àñíèê³â ïîë³òè÷íîãî îá�ºäíàííÿ;ã) íåâ³ä�ºìíîþ ñêëàäîâîþ ÌÏÐ º ï³äñèñòåìà ³íäèâ³äóàëüíèõ òà êîëåêòèâíèõ çàõîä³â ó÷àñíèöü� äåðæàâ òàì³æäåðæàâíèõ ñòàòóòíèõ ìåõàí³çì³â � ì³æäåðæàâíèõ îðãàí³â òà îðãàí³çàö³é, ìåòîþ ÿêèõ º çàáåçïå÷åííÿ âè-êîíàííÿ âçÿòèõ íà ñåáå ó÷àñíèêàìè � äåðæàâàìè äîãîâ³ðíèõ çîáîâ�ÿçàíü; ä) íàÿâí³ñòü ì³æäåðæàâíèõ îð-ãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâèõ òà ³íñòèòóö³éíèõ ìåõàí³çì³â, ÿê³ âèñòóïàþòü þðèäè÷íîþ îñíîâîþ äëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿïîë³òè÷íèõ äîìîâëåíîñòåé.Òàêèé ðîçøèðåíèé ï³äõ³ä ñôîðìóëüîâàíèé íà îñíîâ³ êîíöåïòóàëüíèõ ïîëîæåíü, âèêëàäåíèõ â³äîìèìâ÷åíèì ². ². Ëóêàøóêîì* ó éîãî äîñë³äæåíí³ �Ìåõàíèçì ìåæäóíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ�, ïðîâåäå-íîìó â ê³íö³ 70-õ � íà ïî÷àòêó 80-õ ðîê³â4.Ôîðìàëüíîþ ï³äñòàâîþ äëÿ ïðîãîëîøåííÿ äàíîãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî ðåã³îíàëüíîãî óòâîðåííÿ ñòàëà ï³äïè-ñàíà ïðåçèäåíòàìè Óãîðùèíè, Ïîëüù³ òà ×ÑÔÐ 15 ëþòîãî 1991 ð. ó Âèøåãðàä³ (ÓÍÐ) Äåêëàðàö³ÿ ïðîñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî5 (äèâ.: Äîäàòîê ¹ 1). Ó ïðîöåñ³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ïð³îðèòåò³â ó ñôåð³ ïîë³òè÷íîãî,åêîíîì³÷íîãî òà êóëüòóðíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè áóâ ï³äïèñàíèé Äîãîâ³ð ïðî â³ëüíóòîðã³âëþ (ÖÅÑÑÒ) òà ñòâîðåíèé ̳æíàðîäíèé Âèøåãðàäñüêèé Ôîíä.).Âèøåãðàäñüêà Äåêëàðàö³ÿ 1991 ð. ì³ñòèòü ïîëîæåííÿ ïðî òå, ùî ïðåçèäåíòè, ïðåì�ºð-ì³í³ñòðè,ì³í³ñòðè çàêîðäîííèõ ñïðàâ, òà ÷ëåíè ïàðëàìåíò³â ×ÑÔÐ, Ïîëüù³, Óãîðùèíè ðîçïî÷íóòü ïðîöåñ ñòâîðåííÿîñíîâ ³ íîâèõ ôîðì ïîë³òè÷íîãî, åêîíîì³÷íîãî òà êóëüòóðíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà äàíèõ êðà¿í â óìîâàõ, êîëèçì³íèëàñÿ ñèòóàö³ÿ ó Öåíòðàëüí³é ªâðîï³6. Ðàçîì ³ç òèì, Äåêëàðàö³ÿ íå ì³ñòèòü ïîëîæåíü ùîäî îðãàí³çà-ö³éíî-ïðàâîâîãî ñòàòóñó äàíîãî óòâîðåííÿ àáî ñóêóïíîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíèõ ïðàâ çà çîáîâ�ÿçàíü òà ³íøèõ îçíàê,íàÿâí³ñòü ÿêèõ ñâ³ä÷èëà áè ïðî ñòàòóñ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ óòâîðåííÿ â ÿêîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿.Ïðàêòè÷íî, Äåêëàðàö³ÿ 1991 ð. íå ôîðìóëþº íîðìè ïðî îðãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâó òà ³íñòèòóö³îíàëüíóñêëàäîâó Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè. Ñó÷àñíà äîêòðèíà ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïðàâà íå çíຠçàãàëüíîãî âèçíà÷åííÿ ì³æíà-ðîäíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿. Ó çâ�ÿçêó ç âèùåíàâåäåíèì, íåîáõ³äíî çâåðíóòè óâàãó íà êîíòåêñò ñò. 5 ³äåíñüêî¿ êîí-âåíö³¿ ïðî ïðàâî ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîð³â ì³æ äåðæàâàìè ³ ì³æíàðîäíèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè â³ä 21 áåðåçíÿ1986 ð., à ñàìå: �äàíà Êîíâåíö³ÿ çàñòîñîâóºòüñÿ äî áóäü ÿêîãî äîãîâîðó ì³æ îäíîþ àáî äåê³ëüêîìà äåðæàâà-ìè ³ îäíîþ àáî äåê³ëüêîìà ì³æíàðîäíèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè, òà äî áóäü-ÿêîãî äîãîâîðó, ïðèéíÿòîìó â ðàìêàõì³æíàðîäíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿��7.Òàêèì ÷èíîì, ç ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâî¿ òî÷êè çîðó Âèøåãðàäñüêà ãðóïà íå â³äïîâ³äຠêàíîíàì êëàñè÷íî-ãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïðàâà ñòîñîâíî þðèäè÷íîãî ñòàòóñó îñòàííüî¿ â ÿêîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿. Äå-þðåâ³äñóòíÿ ì³æíàðîäíà óãîäà (ñòàòóò) ì³æ äåðæàâàìè ïðî ñòâîðåííÿ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿, ÿêèé áè íîðìà-òèâíî âèçíà÷àâ äàíå óòâîðåííÿ â ÿêîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ þðèäè÷íî¿ îñîáè, òîáòî ¿¿ ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèé ñòà-òóñ, âëàñòèâ³ ñóá�ºêòèâí³ ì³æíàðîäí³ ïðàâà òà ì³æíàðîäí³ çîáîâ�ÿçàííÿ, ì³æíàðîäíó ïðàâîçäàòí³ñòü,çäàòí³ñòü áðàòè ó÷àñòü ó ì³æíàðîäí³ íîðìîòâîð÷³é ä³ÿëüíîñò³, ïðàâà íà ïðèâ³ëå¿ òà ³ìóí³òåòè, ïðàâî ïîñîëü-ñòâà, à òàêîæ ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâó â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü. Íàâåäåí³ þðèäè÷í³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðà-âîâîìó â³äíîøåíí³ ëîã³÷íî îáóìîâëþþòü ñòàòóñ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè â ÿêîñò³ ðåã³îíàëüíî¿ ì³æíàðîäíî-ïîë³òè÷íî¿ êâàç³îðãàí³çàö³¿ äåðæàâ Öåíòðàëüíî¿ ªâðîïè-Ïîëüù³, Óãîðùèíè, Ñëîâà÷÷èíè òà ×åõ³¿, ÿêà,â³äïîâ³äíî, íå º àêòîðîì (ñóá�ºêòîì) ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïóáë³÷íîãî ïðàâà. Ðàçîì ç òèì, îáìåæóâàòèñÿ êëàñè÷íèìè ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèìè ï³äõîäàìè, îö³íêàìè ùîäî ïðàâîâî¿ïðèðîäè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè, ¿¿ ð³øåíü, ðåçîëþö³é, äåêëàðàö³é, óãîä áóëî áè íåâèïðàâäàíèì. Äîãîâ³ðíàïðàêòèêà ä³ÿëüíîñò³ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè ó ôîðì³ äåêëàðàö³é, ðåçîëþö³é ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî çàñòîñóâàííÿ òàê çâà-íèõ íîðì �soft law� àáî �ì�ÿêîãî ïðàâà�. Çàñòîñóâàííÿ �soft law� º ñóòòºâîþ ñêëàäîâîþ çàêîíîäàâ÷î¿ ïðàê-òèêè ªÑ, êîëè äåðæàâè-÷ëåíè íå äîñÿãàþòü äîìîâëåíîñòåé ïðî âæèâàííÿ òàê çâàíèõ çàõîä³â �ìàòåð³àëüíîãîïðàâà�, ÿê³ º þðèäè÷íî îáîâ�ÿçêîâèìè àáî, êîëè ó ªÑ â³äñóòíÿ êîìïåòåíö³ÿ çàñòîñóâàòè ìàòåð³àëüíå ïðàâî,îäíàê çàëèøàþ÷è ïðàâî íà ³ìïëåìåíòàö³þ òàêèõ ð³øåíü äåðæàâàì-÷ëåíàì, ÿê³ íå ââàæàþòü çà íåîáõ³äí³ñòüáðàòè íà ñåáå þðèäè÷íî îáîâ�ÿçêîâ³ ð³øåííÿ**.Ôîðìóâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíîãî óòâîðåííÿ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè ïîâ�ÿçàíå ç åâîëþö³éíèìè çì³íàìè ó ñè-ñòåì³ ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíîñèí íà ºâðîïåéñüêîìó êîíòèíåíò³, à ñàìå: ðîçïàä ÑÐÑÐ, ïðèïèíåííÿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ Ðà-äè Åêîíîì³÷íî¿ Âçàºìîäîïîìîãè òà ïðèïèíåííÿ ÷èííîñò³ Âàðøàâñüêîãî Äîãîâîðó (îô³ö³éíà íàçâà:Äîãîâ³ðïðî äðóæáó, ñï³âïðàöþ ³ âçàºìíó äîïîìîãó). Ðîçïàä ÑÐÑÐ ò³ëüêè ñòàâ ïî÷àòêîì êàðäèíàëüíèõ çì³í ó ñèñòåì³ãëîáàëüíèõ ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíîñèí âêëþ÷àþ÷è ï³äñèñòåìó ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ºâðîïåéñüêèõ ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíî-ñèí, àêòèâíèìè àêòîðàìè, ÿêèõ áóëè â³éñüêîâî-ïîë³òè÷íèé ñîþç ñîö³àë³ñòè÷íèõ êðà¿í ªâðîïè � Îðãàí³çàö³ÿÂàðøàâñüêîãî äîãîâîðó (ÎÂÄ), Ðàäà Åêîíîì³÷íî¿ Âçàºìîäîïîìîãè ( ÐÅÂ).
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* Ëóêàøóê ²ãîð ²âàíîâè÷ � ïðîôåñîð, äîêòîð þðèäè÷íèõ íàóê, çàñëóæåíèé ä³ÿ÷ íàóêè Ðîñ³éñüêî¿ Ôåäåðàö³¿,ãîëîâíèé íà-óêîâèé ñï³âðîá³òíèê ²íñòèòóòó äåðæàâè ³ ïðàâà ÐÀÍ, ÷ëåí Êîì³ñ³¿ ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïðàâà ÎÎÍ, çàâ³äóâà÷ êàôåäðè ì³æíàðîäíîãîïðàâà ÊÄÓ ³ì. Ò. Ã. Øåâ÷åíêà (1963�1985 ðð.)** Äèâ., íàïðèêëàä: Section 6.Declarations and Resolutions � �Soft Law�// The Nature of International Law. In: InternationalLaw. Cases and materials.Third edition by Louis Henkin, Columbia University, School of law , Richard Crawford Pugh, Schachter,Hans Smit ,Columbia University, School of law; American Casebook Series; West Publishing Co, St.Paul,Mnn.,1993, page126.
ϳñëÿ ïðèïèíåííÿ ³ñíóâàííÿ ôåäåðàòèâíî¿ ×ÑÔÐ òà óòâîðåííÿ 31 ãðóäíÿ 1992 ã. äâîõ íåçàëåæíèõ ñóâå-ðåííèõ äåðæàâ � ×åõ³¿ ³ Ñëîâà÷÷èíè, îñòàííÿ ó 1993 ã. ñòàëà ÷åòâåðòèì ÷ëåíîì Âèøåãðàäñüêîãî îá�ºäíàííÿ.Ïðîòÿãîì 90-õ ðîê³â âíóòð³øíüîïîë³òè÷í³ òà åêîíîì³÷í³ ïðîöåñè ó ðàìêàõ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè îáóìî-âèëè ïîäàëüø³ ëîã³÷íèé ðîçâèòîê ó îðãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâîìó ôîðìóâàíí³ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè.  îñíîâ³ äà-íèõ ïðîöåñ³â âíóòð³øí³ ñîö³àëüíî-åêîíîì³÷í³ òà ïîë³òè÷í³ ïðîáëåìè ó Ñëîâà÷÷èí³, ×åõ³¿, Ïîëüù³ íà ïî÷àò-êó 90-õ åêîíîì³÷íèõ/òîðãîâèõ â³äíîñèí ×åòâ³ðêè. 21 ëèñòîïàäà 1992 ð. ó Êðàêîâ³ ÷îòèðè äåðæàâè ï³äïèñàëèÖåíòðàëüíîºâðîïåéñüêèé Äîãîâ³ð ïðî â³ëüíó òîðã³âëþ îáóìîâèëè þðèäè÷íå îôîðìëåííÿ, â ïåðøó ÷åðãó,Öåíòðàëüí³é ªâðîï³, à òàêîæ îáñòàâèíà ïðè, ÿêèõ Óãîðùèíà, Ïîëüùà òà ×ÑÔÐ ³ñíóâàëè ó âèì³ð³ ïî÷àòêó ðå-àëüíèõ 90-õ ðîê³â ÕÕ ñò. (ÖÅÑÑÒ)8. Ó ïîäàëüøîìó äî Äîãîâîðó ïðèºäíàëèñÿ ³íø³ ó÷àñíèêè Ñëîâåí³ÿ, Ðó-ìóí³ÿ òà Áîëãàð³ÿ. Ìåòîþ Îðãàí³çàö³¿ º ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ó÷àñíèê³â ç ìåòîþ ë³áåðàë³çàö³¿ òîðãîâîãî îáì³íóäîãîâ³ðíèìè êðà¿íàìè íà îñíîâ³ ì³æíàðîäíèõ ïàêò³â, à òàêîæ äîìîâëåíîñòåé, ÿê³ äîñÿãàþòüñÿ íà çóñòð³÷àõãîë³â äåðæàâ òà óðÿä³â ì³í³ñòð³â çàêîðäîííèõ ñïðàâ ñóâåðåííèõ äåðæàâ. Ó ÖÅÑÑÒ â³äñóòíÿ ³íñòèòóö³éíàñòðóêòóðà, ºäèíèé àäì³í³ñòðàòèâíèé îðãàí � Ñï³ëüíèé Êîì³òåò. Ó êîíöåïòóàëüíîìó ïîë³òè÷íîìó ïëàí³ ºñåíñ çâåðíóòè óâàãó íà ïðîãîëîøåííÿ äåêëàðàòèâíîãî ïîëîæåííÿ ïðî äîáðó âîëþ ñòîð³í, ¿õ óñòðåìë³ííÿîá�ºäíàòè òîðãîâèé ïðîñò³ð òà ï³äãîòóâàòèñÿ äî âñòóïó äî ªÑ.Ôîðìàë³çàö³ÿ de-jure åêîíîì³÷íîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ó ñôåð³ òîðã³âë³ â íàñòóïíèé ïåð³îä 1993-1998 ðð. âðàìêàõ ÖÅÑÑÒ çíà÷íîþ ì³ðîþ ñòâîðèëî îñíîâè ïåâíîãî ïðîãðåñó ïîäàëüøî¿ ðåã³îíàëüíî¿ ³íòåãðàö³¿9. Ñàìåì³æíàðîäí³ óãîäè â ð³çíèõ ñôåðàõ ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ôîðìóþòü îñíîâó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ìåõàí³çìóïîä³áíîãî óòâîðåííÿ.Îö³íêè çàðóá³æíèõ äîñë³äíèê³â, åêñïåðò³â, ïîë³òè÷íèõ ä³ÿ÷³â ùîäî ìåòè òà çàâäàíü Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðó-ïè â ïðèíöèï³ ñï³âïàäàþòü. Íàïðèêëàä, Çá³ãíåâ Áæåç³íñê³ íà ïðåñ-êîíôåðåíö³¿ 2 êâ³òíÿ 1995 ð. ó Àìåðè-êàíñüêîìó Öåíòð³ ó Ñîô³¿ çàÿâèâ ïðî òå, ùî �÷îòèðè Âèøåãðàäñüê³ êðà¿íè � Ïîëüùà, ×åñüêà Ðåñïóáë³êà, Ñëî-âà÷÷èíà òà Óãîðùèíà íàáóäóòü ÷ëåíñòâî ªÑ òà ÍÀÒÎ. Âè ïîâèíí³ çàïèòàòè ó ñåáå ÷îìó? Òàê ³ â³äïîâ³äü îáó-ìîâëåíà òèì, ùî ïîä³áíî Çàõ³äí³é ªâðîï³, äàí³ êðà¿íè ãåí³àëüíî ãîòîâ³ äëÿ ñòàá³ëüíîãî ðåã³îíàëüíîãîñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà�10. Ñôîðìóëüîâàíà îö³íêà ïðåòåíäóº ñêîð³øå íà ïîë³òè÷íó, í³æ íà äîêàçîâó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâó ïîçèö³þ. Àëå â äàíîìó âèïàäêó öå º ò³ëüêè àâòîðñüêîþ îö³íêîþ. Ìàêðîåêîíîì³÷í³ ³íòåðåñè, òðà-äèö³éí³ ðåã³îíàëüí³ òðàíñêîðäîíí³ åêîíîì³÷í³, òîðãîâ³, òðàíñïîðòí³, ãóìàí³òàðí³ çâ�ÿçêè îáóìîâëþþòüâ³äïîâ³äí³ êîðåêòèâè ùîäî ôîðìóâàííÿ íàö³îíàëüíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â. Öå ìîæå áóòè â îñíîâ³ ãëèáèííèõ ïðè÷èíóòâîðåííÿ ³ ôóíêö³îíóâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíîãî óòâîðåííÿ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ãðóïè .Toìàø Ñòðàæà¿, íàóêîâèé äîñë³äíèê Äîñë³äíèöüêîãî Öåíòðó Ñëîâàöüêî¿ Àñîö³àö³¿ çîâí³øíüî¿ ïîë³òè-êè êîìåíòóþ÷è ñòðàòåã³÷íó âàæëèâ³ñòü Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè, íîâ³ âèêëèêè òà ïðèêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâîçâåðòຠóâàãó íà òå, ùî �Âèøåãðàäñüêà ãðóïà áóëà ñôîðìîâàíà â ÿêîñò³ íåôîðìàëüíîãî óòâîðåííÿ ç ìåòîþíàäàííÿ ï³äòðèìêè ³íòåãðàö³¿ ÷îòèðüîõ äåðæàâ � ×åõ³¿, Óãîðùèíè, Ïîëüù³ òà Ñëîâà÷÷èíè äî ªâðîïåéñüêîãîÑï³âòîâàðèñòâà� Âèêëèêè, ç ÿêèìè ç³òêíóëèñÿ çàðàç êðà¿íè Ãðóïè 4, ïåâíîþ ì³ðîþ ïîâ�ÿçàí³ ç ïîë³òèêîþªÑ àáî ç òàêèìè ì³æíàðîäíèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè ÿê ÍÀÒÎ ³ ÎÁѪ àëå òàêîæ â ðàìêàõ ïî ñóò³ ªÑ. ß äóìàþ, ùîáóäóòü äîì³íóâàòè îñíîâí³ ªâðîïåéñüê³ òåìè. Öå áóäå âêëþ÷àòè ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ç ñõ³äíèìè ñóñ³äàìè â ðàì-êàõ íîâèõ ³í³ö³àòèâ ªÑ ñòîñîâíî Ñõ³äíîãî Ïàðòíåðñòâà�11.Íåçàëåæíî â³ä de-jure âñòóïó 1 òðàâíÿ 2004 ð.Ïîëüù³, Óãîðùèíè, Ñëîâà÷÷èíè, ×åõ³¿ äî ªÑ12 (äèâ.: Äî-äàòîê ¹ 2), â ðàìêàõ äàíîãî ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ïîë³òè÷íîãî óòâîðåííÿ, ïîäàëüøå ïðîäîâæåííÿ îòðèìàëè ïðî-öåñè ³íñòèòóö³îíàë³çàö³¿ â îðãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâîìó ìåõàí³çì³. Íà çóñòð³÷³ ó Ïðàç³ (êâ³òåíü 2007 ð.) Ïðåçè-äåíò³â Ïàðëàìåíò³â Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè áóëà ï³äïèñàíà Óãîäà ïðî ³íñòèòóö³îíàë³çàö³þ Âèøåãðàäñüêîãîñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà. Îñíîâí³ ïðè÷èíè ïðèéíÿòòÿ òàêîãî ð³øåííÿ � ïîñèëåííÿ ðîë³ íàö³îíàëüíèõ ïàðëàìåíò³â óïðîöåñàõ âèðîáëåííÿ ð³øåíü ó ªÑ. Ç ö³ºþ ìåòîþ áóëà çàïðîâàäæåíà ïðàêòèêà ïîñò³éíèõ çóñòð³÷åé íà ð³âí³Ïðåçèäåíò³â íàö³îíàëüíèõ ïàðëàìåíò³â13 (äèâ.: Äîäàòîê ¹ 3). Ðàçîì ³ç òèì, ïðîöåñè óòâîðåííÿ ïîñò³éíîä³þ÷èõ êëàñè÷íèõ ³íñòèòóö³éíèõ ìåõàí³çì³â õàðàêòåðíèõ äëÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ îðãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâèõ óòâîðåíü, ÿê íàïðèêëàä, ÎÁѪ, ÖŲ, ÑÍÄ â³äáóâàþòüñÿ åâîëþö³éíî ³ çóìîâëåí³, î÷åâèäíî, ëîã³êîþì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèõ çîáîâ�ÿçàíü ÷ëåí³â Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â ÿêîñò³ àêòîð³â ªÑ òà ÍÀÒÎ. ³äïîâ³äíî,ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâ³ ìîæëèâîñò³ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ÷åòâ³ðêè îáóìîâëåí³ òà îáìåæåí³ ì³æíàðîäíèìè çîáîâ�ÿçàí-íÿìè òà ïðàâàìè, ÿê³ âèïèñàí³ ó çàñíîâíèöüêèõ ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîðàõ ªÑ òà ˳ñàáîíñüêîìó äîãîâîð³.Ïåðñïåêòèâí³ íàïðÿìêè ôîðìóâàííÿ ìåõàí³çì³â ³íòåãðàö³¿ Óêðà¿íè äî ºâðîïåéñüêî¿ ñï³ëüíîòè ïðîëÿãà-þòü ÷åðåç íåîáõ³äí³ñòü ôîðìàë³çàö³¿ ðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ó òîìó ÷èñë³ ó ðàìêàõ �ÂèøåãðàäÏëþñ�. Íà ðåàë³çàö³þ ïîëîæåíü Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Äåêëàðàö³¿ 2004 ð. áóëè ïðèéíÿò³ �Îñíîâí³ íàïðÿìêè ìàé-áóòí³õ ñôåð Âèøåãðàäñüêîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà�, ñåðåä ÿêèõ ïðèêîðäîííå àáî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâîçàéìຠîäíå ³ç ïð³îðèòåòíèõ íàïðÿìê³â ( Äèâ.: Äîäàòîê ¹ 3).Ñàìå ðåàë³çàö³ÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Óãîðùèíè, Ïîëüù³ òà Ñëîâà÷÷èíè ÿê ïðåäñòàâíèê³âÂèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ÷åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè º îäíèì ³ç íàéá³ëüø ïðèâàáëèâèõ òà ïåðñïåêòèâíèõ íàïðÿìê³â ðåã³îíàëü-íîãî ³íòåãðàö³éíîãî ðîçâèòêó. Îñíîâíèì àðãóìåíòîì íà êîðèñòü äàíîãî òâåðäæåííÿ º íàÿâí³ñòü ä³þ÷èõì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîð³â. Ó çâ�ÿçêó ç öèì, ðåàë³çàö³ÿ ðåã³îíàëüíîãî òà òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâàÂèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ÷åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè, ÿêà çä³éñíþºòüñÿ íà êîíâåíö³éí³é îñíîâ³ óæå ïðàêòè÷íî ñôîðìîâàíèõì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèõ ìåõàí³çì³â ó ðàìêàõ ªâðîïåéñüêî¿ Ðàìêîâî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³â-ðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùèíàìè àáî âëàñòÿìè (Madrid, May 1, 1980 ð.)14, Äîäàòêîâîãî Ïðîòîêî-ëó (TNS No 159, Strasbourg, November, 1995)15 òà Äðóãîãî Ïðîòîêîëó ¹ 2 (TNS No 169, Strasbourg, May,
Äèíèñ Ã. Ã. Ñó÷àñíèé ñòàòóñ òà ïåðñïåêòèâè â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà âèøåãðàäñüêîþ ÷åòâ³ðêîþ: ìåõàí³çì�
331×àñîïèñ Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ïðàâà � 2010/4
1998)16, ðàòèô³êîâàíèõ äâîñòîðîíí³õ äîãîâîðàõ ïðî äåðæàâí³ êîðäîíè ç Óãîðùèíîþ, Ïîëüùåþ òà Ñëîâà÷÷è-íîþ, à òàêîæ äâîñòîðîíí³õ ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîðàõ ó ñôåðàõ åêîíîì³÷íèõ, åêîëîã³÷íèõ, ãóìàí³òàðíèõñï³ëüíèõ ïðîåêò³â, ÿê³ º ðåàëüíèìè ìåõàí³çìàìè ó ïðîöåñ³ ºâðîïåéñüêî¿ ³íòåãðàö³¿17.Ïðàêòè÷í³ ïåðåâàãè äàíèõ ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîð³â ïîëÿãàþòü â òîìó, ùî âîíè º îñíîâîþ ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ìåõàí³çìó ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíîñèí íà äâîñòîðîííüîìó òà áàãàòîñòîðîííüîìó ð³âíÿõäëÿ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ³ ì³æðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà, ó÷àñíèêàìè,ÿêîãî º ð³çíîãî ³ºðàðõ³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ àêòîðè, âêëþ÷àþ÷è, ÿê þðèäè÷í³, òàê ³ ô³çè÷í³ îñîáè. Òðàíñêîðäîííåñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ìîæå çä³éñíþâàòèñÿ òàêîæ ì³æ ãðîìàäñüêèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè Çã³äíî Ìàäðèäñüêî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ùîäî òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè âëàäàìè â³ä 1980 ð. ñòîðîíè âçÿëè íà ñåáå íà-ñòóïí³ çîáîâ�ÿçàííÿ â ìåæàõ íàö³îíàëüíîãî çàêîíîäàâñòâà âèð³øóâàòè ïðàâîâ³, àäì³í³ñòðàòèâí³ òà òåõí³÷í³ïðîáëåìè òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà (ñò.4); ðîçãëÿíóòè ìîæëèâîñò³ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ³ ëî-êàëüíèõ âëàä ñïåö³àëüíèìè óìîâàìè äëÿ ïîëåãøåííÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà (ñò.5); íàäàííÿ íå-îáõ³äíî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿ ³íøèì ñòîðîíàì, ÿê³ ï³äïèñàëè Êîíâåíö³þ (ñò.6), ñâî¿ì ðåã³îíàëüíèì ³ ëîêàëüíèì âëà-äàì (ñò.7) ³ Ðàä³ ªâðîïè (ñò.8).Ó Äîäàòêó äî Ðàìêîâî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ ïðîïîíóþòüñÿ ìîäåë³ óãîä/äîãîâîð³â ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííåñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî, ÿê³ ïðèñòîñîâàí³ äî ïîòðåá ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ³ ì³ñöåâèõ âëàñòåé.  íàÿâíîñò³ º ï�ÿòü ìîäåëåéì³æäåðæàâíèõ óãîä òà ø³ñòü ìîäåëåé óãîä êîíñóëüòàòèâíîãî õàðàêòåðó, â ÿêèõ çàçíà÷àºòüñÿ ð³çíèé ñòóï³íüöåíòðàë³çàö³¿ ³ â³äì³ííîñò³ â àäì³í³ñòðàòèâíèõ ñòðóêòóðàõ êðà¿í-ó÷àñíèöü òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà.Ïåðøà ãðóïà ñòîñóºòüñÿ ìîäåë³ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ óãîä ùîäî: à) ñïðèÿííÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãîñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà; á) ðåã³îíàëüíèõ òðàíñêîðäîííèõ êîíñóëüòàö³é; â)ì³ñöåâèõ òðàíñêîðäîííèõ êîíñóëüòàö³é;ã) äîãîâ³ðíîãî òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ì³æ ì³ñöåâèìè âëàäàìè.Äðóãà ãðóïà óãîä ñòîñóºòüñÿ: à) óãîä, ñòàòóò³â ³ êîíòðàêò³â ì³æ ì³ñöåâèìè âëàäàìè; á) óãîäà ïðî âñòà-íîâëåííÿ êîíñóëüòàö³éíî¿ ãðóïè ì³æ ì³ñöåâèìè âëàäàìè; â) óãîäà ïðî êîîðäèíàö³þ â óïðàâë³íí³ òðàíñêîð-äîííèìè ì³ñöåâèìè ãðîìàäñüêèìè ñïðàâàìè; ã) óãîäà ïðî âñòàíîâëåííÿ ïðèâàòíîïðàâîâèõ òðàíñêîðäîííèõàñîö³àö³é; ä) óãîäà ïðî âñòàíîâëåííÿ àäì³í³ñòðàòèâíèõ îðãàí³â äëÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà ì³æì³ñöåâèìè âëàäàìè.Äîäàòêîâèé ïðîòîêîë Ìàäðèäñüêî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿, ÿêèé íàáðàâ ÷èííîñò³ 1 ãðóäíÿ 1998 ð., ï³äòðèìóº âñòà-íîâëåííÿ ïîñò³éíèõ ³íñòèòóö³é ïî òðàíñêîðäîííîìó ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâó ïóáë³÷íî-ïðàâîâîãî ÷è ïðèâàòíîïðàâî-âîãî õàðàêòåðó ç îðãàíîì, ùî ïðèéìຠð³øåííÿ. Ö³ ïîñò³éí³ ³íñòèòóö³¿ ìàþòü ñïîíóêàòè òåðèòîð³àëüí³ îäè-íèö³ ³ âëàäó äî: à) óêëàäàííÿ óãîä ïî òðàíñêîðäîííîìó ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâó ç òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îäèíèöÿìè ³ âëà-äîþ ³íøèõ êðà¿í; á) âñòàíîâëåííÿ ïîñò³éíèõ îðãàí³â ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà. Ïðèéíÿò³ öèì îðãàíîì ð³øåííÿ áóëèáè îáîâ�ÿçêîâ³ äëÿ òåðèòîð³àëüíèõ îäèíèöü ³ âëàä, ÿê³ óêëàëè óãîäó. Ðàçîì ç òèì, íàÿâí³ñòü òèïîâèõ óãîä, ñòà-òóò³â ³ êîíòðàêò³â ì³æ ì³ñöåâîþ âëàäîþ íå âèð³øóþòü ðåçóëüòàòèâíî ïðîáëåìè.Îñíîâíèìè ïåðåïîíàìè ïðàêòè÷íîãî çàñòîñóâàííÿ Ìàäðèäñüêî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ ñóá�ºêòàìè ì³æíàðîäíîãîïðàâà º â³äì³ííîñò³ ó íàö³îíàëüíèõ ïðàâîïîðÿäêàõ. Ö³ ðîçá³æíîñò³ ïðÿìî ïåðåøêîäæàþòü çàñòîñóâàííþ³ìïëåìåíòàö³¿ òèïîâèõ ìîäåëåé Ðàìêîâî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿. Ïðèêëàäè ïðèêîðäîííèõ ðåã³îí³â ïîêàçóþòü, ùî äëÿ çà-ëó÷åííÿ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ ³ ì³ñöåâèõ âëàä ó áåçïîñåðåäíº òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî äåðæàâè-ó÷àñíèêèïð³îðèòåòíèì º ñòâîðåííÿ åôåêòèâíîãî îðãàí³çàö³éíî-ïðàâîâîãî òà ³íñòèòóö³éíîãî ìåõàí³çìó. Ïðàâîâîþ îñ-íîâîþ ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿×åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íè º ÷èíí³ ðàòèô³êîâàí³ äâîñòîðîíí³ óãîäè, äîãîâîðè òà áàãàòîñòîðîííÿ ªâðîïåéñüêà Ðàì-êîâà Êîíâåíö³ÿ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùèíàìè àáî âëàäàìè êîíâåíö³¿.Ó öüîìó ïëàí³ îñîáëèâî¿ óâàãè çàñëóãîâóº Ïðîòîêîë ¹ 3 äî ªâðîïåéñüêî¿ ðàìêîâî¿ êîíâåíö³¿ ïðî òðàíñêîð-äîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùèíàìè àáî âëàñòÿìè ñòîñîâíî îá�ºäíàíü ºâðîðåã³îíàëüíî-ãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà (ΪÑ), ïðèéíÿòèé â Óòðåõò³ 16 ëèñòîïàäà 200918. Ìåòîþ âêàçàíîãî Ïðîòîêîëó ¹ 3 º äî-ïîâíèòè ì³æäåðæàâí³ ïðàâîâ³ ðàìêè ï³äòðèìêè òà ðîçâèòêó â ³íòåðåñàõ íàñåëåííÿ òðàíñêîðäîííîãî òàì³æòåðèòîð³àëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà, ïåðåäáà÷åí³ ªâðîïåéñüêîþ ðàìêîâîþ êîíâåíö³ºþ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííåñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùèíàìè àáî âëàñòÿìè é Ïðîòîêîëàìè äî íå¿ . Àíàë³ç ä³þ÷èõ äâîñòîðîíí³õ òà áàãàòîñòîðîíí³õ óãîä, äîãîâîð³â ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî òå, ùî íà ïðèêëàä³ ñåã-ìåíò³â òðàíñêîðäîííîãî åêîíîì³÷íîãî òà òîðãîâîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà, ÿê îñíîâè ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ðåã³îíàëüíî-ãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà, ìîæëèâî óìîâíî ñôîðìóëþâàòè ã³ïîòåçó ïðî òå, ùî ñàìå ä³þ÷èé ì³æíàðîäíèé þðèäè÷-íèé ñòàòóñ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â ÿêîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíîãî ïîë³òè÷íîãî óòâîðåííÿ òà â³äïîâ³äíèé ì³æíàðîä-íî-ïðàâîâèé ìåõàí³çì ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí îáóìîâëþº ïðàãìàòè÷í³ ìîæëèâîñò³ ùîäî ðå-àëüíîãî çì³ñòó, îá�ºìó ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà òà ìîæëèâ³ ïåðñïåêòèâè ó ôîðìàò³ Óêðà¿íà � Âèøåãðàäñüêà ×åòâ³ðêà. îñíîâ³ äàíî¿ òåçè � äå-þðå ñòàòóñ äåðæàâ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè â ÿêîñò³ ñóá�ºêò³â ïðàâà ªÑ, à ñàìå:ì³æíàðîäí³ ïðàâà òà çîáîâ�ÿçàííÿ â ïåðøó ÷åðãó ÷ëåí³â ªÑ çóìîâëþþòü îá�ºì ì³æíàðîäíèõ ïðàâ òà ì³æíà-ðîäíèõ çîáîâ�ÿçàíü ùîäî â³äíîñèí ç Óêðà¿íîþ. ̳æíàðîäí³ ïðàâà òà ì³æíàðîäí³ çîáîâ�ÿçàííÿ äåðæàâ Ïîëü-ùà, Óãîðùèíà, Ñëîâà÷÷èíà, ×åõ³ÿ â ÿêîñò³ ñóá�ºêò³â ïðàâà ªÑ òà ÍÀÒÎ ³ âèçíà÷àþòü ñèñòåì- íèé óòâîðþþ-÷èé àëãîðèòì òà îáìåæåíó êîìïåòåíö³þ âêàçàíèõ äåðæàâ-÷ëåí³â â ðàìêàõ Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè ùîäî Óê-ðà¿íè. Ñâ³ä÷åííÿì äàíî¿ ã³ïîòåçè º ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâèé àíàë³ç ä³þ÷èõ íîðìàòèâíèõ ïîëîæåíü, ÿê³ ì³ñòÿòü-ñÿ ó Âèøåãðàäñüê³é Äåêëàðàö³¿ 2004 ð. ïðî òå, ùî ó÷àñíèêè ç³áðàííÿ � ïðåì�ºð-ì³í³ñòðè ×åòâ³ðêè çàÿâëÿþòüç ïîâíèì çàäîâîëåííÿì òîãî, ùî êëþ÷îâ³ ö³ë³, âèçíà÷åí³ ó Âèøåãðàäñüê³é Äåêëàðàö³¿ 1991 ð. äîñÿãíóò³ ³ó÷àñíèêè äåêëàðóþòü âèçíà÷åí³ñòü ïðîäîâæóâàòè ðîçâèòîê ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà êðà¿í Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè âÿêîñò³ äåðæàâ-÷ëåí³â ªÑ òà ÍÀÒÎ 332
Ïðàâîâà ñèñòåìà Óêðà¿íè é ì³æíàðîäíå ïðàâî, ïîð³âíÿëüíå ïðàâî
Òàêèì ÷èíîì, â îñíîâ³ ñòâîðåííÿ òà ïîäàëüøîãî ðîçâèòêó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ìåõàí³çìó ðåãóëþâàí-íÿ â³äíîñèí «Âèøåãðàäñüêà ×åòâ³ðêà òà Óêðà¿íà» º ïîë³òè÷íà âîëÿ òà âçàºìí³ ³íòåðåñè ó÷àñíèê³â äàíîãî ïðî-öåñó. Ñàìå íàÿâí³ñòü ïîë³òè÷íî¿ âîë³ º ñóòòºâîþ óìîâîþ ïîäàëüøî¿ ïåðñïåêòèâè ðîçâèòêó ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâàïðèêîðäîííèõ êðà¿í ó ðàìêàõ ì³æäåðæàâíîãî ðåã³îíàëüíîãî óòâîðåííÿ «Âèøåãðàäñüêà ×åòâ³ðêà òà Óêðà¿í໳, â³äïîâ³äíîãî, ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ â³äíîñèí.
1 ̳æíàðîäíà êîíôåðåíö³ÿ «Óêðà¿íà òà Âèøåãðàäñüêà ×åòâ³ðêà: íà øëÿõó äî âçàºìîâèã³äíèõ â³äíîñèí» (òðàâåíü 2010 ð.,Óæãîðîä, Óêðà¿íà). � Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: http://www.niss.gov.ua/Table/13_14052010/index.htm. 2 The Nature of International Law. In: International Law. Cases and materials.Third edition by Louis Henkin, ColumbiaUniversity, School of law, Richard Crawford Pugh, Schachter, Hans Smit, Columbia University, School of law; American CasebookSeries; West Publishing Co, St.Paul, Mnn.,1993, page 1. 3 About the Visegrad Group. regime: Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php. 4 Äèâ.: Ëóêàøóê È.È. Ìåõàíèçì ìåæäóíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ. � Ê.: Èçä-âî ïðè ÊÃÓ, Èçä. îáúåäèíåíèå «Âè-ùà øêîëà», 1989. � 164 ñ.5 Visegrad Declaration 1991. Declaration on cooperation on between the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the Republic ofPoland and the Republic of Hungary in striving for European. Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php.6 Òàì ñàìî. � Ñ. 2. 7 Âåíñêàÿ êîíâåíöèÿ ïðàâå äîãîâîðîâ ìåæäó ãîñóäàðñòâàìè è ìåæäóíàðîäíûìè îðãàíèçàöèÿìè èëè ìåæäó ìåæäóíàðîä-íûìè îðãàíèçàöèÿìè 21 ìàðòà 1986 ãîäà. � Access regime: http://zakon.rada.gov.ua. 8 Central European Free Trade Agreement. Access regime: http://www.worldtradelaw.net/fta/agreements/cefta.pdf. 9 Ibolya Mile.The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA): A Step Towards EU Membership or GenuineCooperation?: Access regime: http://www.apfpress.com/book2/pdf_files/12.pdf. 10 Press Conference of Zbigniew Brzeziñski, 2 April, 1995, American Center in Sofia, Bulgaria. � Access regime:http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php? folderID=1082&articleID=3829&ctag=articlelist&iid.11 Jana Liptakova.The Strategic Importance of V4 New challenges await the Visegrad Group. 31 Aug 2009. The Slovak Spectator(TSS). � Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php.12 Visegrad Declaration 2004. Declaration of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, thå Republic of Hungary, the Republic ofPoland and the Slovak Republic on cooperation of the Visegrad Group countries after their accession to the European Union (12 May2004). � Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.13 Visegrad Group Becomes Stronger. 18 April 2007, Prague. Meeting of Presidents of Parliaments of the Visegrad Group (com-prising Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic) took place in Prague.- Petr Kostka.Press Secretary SenateChancelleryParliament of the Czech Republic. .-Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main. 14 ªâðîïåéñüêà Ðàìêîâà Êîíâåíö³ÿ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùèíàìè àáî âëàäàìè/Âåðñ³ÿ óêðà¿íñüêîþ ìîâîþ/. � Áðàòèñëàâà. � 1999. � Ñ. 123. 15 Äîäàòêîâèé Ïðîòîêîë äî ªâðîïåéñüêî¿ Ðàìêîâî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìèîáùèíàìè àáî âëàäàìè / Òàì ñàìî. � Ñ. 144-148. 16 Ïðîòîêîë ¹ 2 äî ªâðîïåéñüêî¿ Ðàìêîâî¿ Êîíâåíö³¿ ïðî òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè îáùè-íàìè àáî âëàäàìè, ÿêèé ñòîñóºòüñÿ ì³æ òåðèòîð³àëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà / Òàì ñàìî. � Ñ. 149-152. 17 Óãîäà ì³æ Óðÿäîì Óêðà¿íè òà Óðÿäîì Ïîëüùà ïðî ì³æðåã³îíàëüíå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî. � Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: http:www.rada.kiev.ua/cgi-bin/putfile/cgi/. � C.1.18 Draft Protocol No. 3 to the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities orAuthorities concerning euroregional co-operation groupings (ECGs). Doc. 11951.15 June 2009 Report Committee on the Environment,Agriculture and Local and Regional Affairs.-Access regime: http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc09/EDOC11951.pdf.
Äîäàòîê ¹ 1 Visegrad Declaration 1991.Declaration on cooperation on between the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the Republic of Poland andthe Republic of Hungary in striving for European. INTEGRATION(unofficial translation)The meeting, in Bratislava, of presidents, prime ministers, ministers of foreign affairs and members of parlia-ments of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the Republic of Poland and the Republic of Hungary began aprocess of creating foundations and new forms of political, economic and cultural cooperation of these countries inthe altered situation in the Central Europe.The similarity of the situation that has evolved over the past decades has determined for these three countriesconvergent basic objectives: � full restitution of state independence, democracy and freedom, � elimination of all existing social, economic and spiritual aspects of the totalitarian system, � construction of a parliamentary democracy, a modern State of Law, respect for human rights and freedoms, � creation of a modern free market economy, � full involvement in the European political and economic system, as well as the system of security and legis-lation.The identity of objectives, as well as similarity of ways of achieving them in many fields poses identical tasksbefore the three neighboring countries.
Äèíèñ Ã. Ã. Ñó÷àñíèé ñòàòóñ òà ïåðñïåêòèâè â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà âèøåãðàäñüêîþ ÷åòâ³ðêîþ: ìåõàí³çì�
333×àñîïèñ Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ïðàâà � 2010/4
Coordination of the efforts--with respect for national peculiarities--increases the chances of attaining thedesired goals and brings closer the realization of their objectives.A favorable basis for intensive development of cooperation is ensured by the similar character of the signifi-cant changes occurring in these countries, their traditional, historically shaped system of mutual contacts, culturaland spiritual heritage and common roots of religious traditions. The diverse and rich cultures of these nations alsoembody the fundamental values of the achievements of European thought. The mutual spiritual, cultural and eco-nomic influences exerted over a long period of time, resulting from the fact of proximity, could support cooperationbased on natural historical development.The cooperation of nations and civil communities of the three countries is essential for joint creation of con-ditions that will contribute in each of the countries to the development of a democratic social system based onrespect for the fundamental human rights and freedoms, liberty of economic undertakings, rule of law, tolerance,spiritual and cultural traditions and respect for moral values. Simultaneously, the signatories of the Declaration respect the right of all other nations to express their ownidentity. They emphasize that national, ethnic, religious and language minorities, in accordance with traditionalEuropean values and in harmony with internationally recognized documents on human rights, must be able to enjoyall rights in political, social, economic and cultural life, not excluding education.In unified Europe, to which the three countries wish to actively contribute, it is possible to maintain cultureand national character while fully realizing the universal system of human values. A systematic fulfillment of theidea of civil society is the key question to the spiritual and material development of Central European region and anindispensable condition for establishing of a mutually beneficial cooperation with developed countries andEuropean institutions.Drawing on universal human values as the most important element of the European heritage and own nation-al identities should serve as the basis for developing a society of people cooperating with each other in a harmoniousway, tolerant to each other, to individual families, local, regional and national communities, free of hatred, nation-alism, xenophobia, and local strife.It is the conviction of the states-signatories that in the light of the political, economic and social challengesahead of them, and their efforts for renewal based on principles of democracy, their cooperation is a significant stepon the way to general European integration. The signatories of the Declaration shall jointly undertake the following practical steps:� in accordance with the interests of the particular countries they shall harmonize their activities to shape coop-eration and close contacts with European institutions and shall hold regular consultations on the matters of theirsecurity, � they shall endeavor to create free contacts between citizens, institutions, churches and social organizations, � in order to support free flow of labor force and capital, they shall develop economic cooperation, based onthe principles of the free market, and mutually beneficial trade in goods and services, moreover they shall strive tocreate favorable conditions for direct cooperation of enterprises and foreign capital investments, aimed at improv-ing economic effectiveness, � they shall focus on the development of the infrastructure in communications, with regard both to linksbetween the three countries and those with other parts of Europe, mainly in the north-south direction, and shall coor-dinate the development of their power systems and telecommunication networks, � they shall increase cooperation in the field of ecology, � they shall create favorable conditions for free flow of information, press and cultural values, � they shall jointly develop multilateral cooperation to ensure optimum conditions for full realization of therights of national minorities living on the territories of their countries, � they shall support mutually beneficial cooperation of interested local self-governments of their countries andestablishment of sub-regional contacts.The signatories of the Declaration state that their cooperation in no way will interfere with or restrict their rela-tions with other countries, and that it will not be directed against the interests of any other party.The cooperation of the signatories will be realized through meetings and consultations held at various levelsand in various forms.Done in Visegrad on February 15th, 1991 in three identical originals in the Polish, Czech and Hungarian lan-guages, equally valid.Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php?folderID=940&articleID=3940&ctag=articlelist&iid=1 Äîäàòîê ¹ 2 Visegrad Declaration 2004 Declaration of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Polandand the Slovak Republic on cooperation of the Visegrad Group countries after their accession to theEuropean Union (12 May 2004) Declaration of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Poland andthe Slovak Republic on cooperation of the Visegrad Group countries after their accession to the European Union
334
Ïðàâîâà ñèñòåìà Óêðà¿íè é ì³æíàðîäíå ïðàâî, ïîð³âíÿëüíå ïðàâî
The Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Poland and the SlovakRepublic, assembled on 12 May 2004 in Kromìøí�, state with full satisfaction that the key objectives set in the1991 Visegrad Declaration have been achieved and declare their determination to continue developing the cooper-ation of the Visegrad Group countries as Member States of the European Union and NATO.The Visegrad Group countries regard their accession to the European Union and NATO as a significant steptowards the reunification of Europe and as a historic milestone on the path of their democratic transformation, inte-gration efforts and mutual cooperation. The integration of the Visegrad Group countries into the European and Euro-Atlantic structures opens up new opportunities and poses new challenges for their further cooperation on the issuesof common interest.The cooperation of the Visegrad Group countries will continue to focus on regional activities and initiativesaimed at strengthening the identity of the Central European region. In this context, their cooperation will be basedon concrete projects and will maintain its flexible and open character.The Visegrad Group countries are strongly determined to jointly contributing to the fulfilment of the EuropeanUnion�s common goals and objectives and to the successful continuation of the European integration. They reiter-ate their commitment to the enlargement process of the European Union. They are ready to assist countries aspiringfor EU membership by sharing and transmitting their knowledge and experience. The Visegrad Group countries arealso ready to use their unique regional and historical experience and to contribute to shaping and implementing theEuropean Union�s policies towards the countries of Eastern and Southeastern Europe.The Visegrad Group countries are committed to closely cooperating with their nearest partners in the CentralEuropean region. They are also ready to cooperate in specific areas of common interest with countries within thewider region, with other regional groupings in Europe as well as with third countries and international organizations.The Prime Ministers of the Visegrad Group countries express their deep conviction that further cooperationbetween their countries, rooted in centuries of interlinked history and based on similar political, economic and socialdevelopments in the past decades, will enrich the community of European nations and contribute to the building ofa reunited, democratic and prosperous Europe.H.E. Vladimír �pidla Prime Minister of the Czech Republic H.E. Mr. Péter Medgyessy Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary H.E. Mr. Marek Belka Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland H.E. Mr. Mikulá� Dzurinda Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php? folderID=1&articleID=3939&ctag=articlelist&iid=1 Äîäàòîê ¹ 3 Guidelines on the Future Areas of Visegrad Cooperation Having in mind the common interest of all participating countries presented in the Declaration in Kromìøí�on 12 May 2004, future cooperation will be developed particularly in the following areas:Co-operation within the V4 area Culture, Education, youth exchange, science, Continuation of the strengthening of the civic dimension of the Visegrad co-operation within the InternationalVisegrad Fund and its structures, Cross-border co-operation, Infrastructure, Environment, Fight against terrorism, organised crime and illegal migration, Schengen co-operation, Disaster management, Exchange of views on possible co-operation in the field of labour and social policy, Exchange of experiences on foreign development assistance policy, Defence and arms industries.Co-operation within the EU Consultations and co-operation on current issues of common interest, Active contribution to the development of the CFSP, including the «Wider Europe � New Neighbourhood» pol-icy and the EU strategy towards Western Balkans, Consultations, co-operation and exchange of experience in the area of Justice and Home Affairs, Schengen co-operation, including protection and management of the EU external borders, visa policy, Creating new possibilities and forms of economic co-operation within the European Economic Area, Consultations on national preparations for joining the EMU, Active participation in the development of the ESDP, as a contribution to the strengthening of relationsbetween the EU and NATO and deepening of substantive dialogue between both organisations.
Äèíèñ Ã. Ã. Ñó÷àñíèé ñòàòóñ òà ïåðñïåêòèâè â³äíîñèí ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà âèøåãðàäñüêîþ ÷åòâ³ðêîþ: ìåõàí³çì�
335×àñîïèñ Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ïðàâà � 2010/4
Co-operation with other partners Co-operation with interested Central European countries, Co-operation with EU and NATO candidate and aspiring countries in support of reforms essential for theirEuropean and Euroatlantic perspective, Collaboration in effective implementation of programmes of co-operation of these countries with the EU andNATO, Co-operation with other regional structures, Collaboration with other interested countries and organisations.Co-operation within NATO and other international organisations Consultations and co-operation in the framework of NATO and on its defence capabilities, Commitment to strengthening of transatlantic solidarity and cohesion, Co-operation on the basis of the V4 experience to promote a common understanding of security among thecountries aspiring to European and Euroatlantic institutions, Enhanced co-operation within the international community in the fields of new security challenges, with a spe-cial emphasis on combating international terrorism, Consultation and co-operation within the OSCE on issues of common concern for V4 countries; possible jointinitiatives, Consultation, co-operation and exchange of information in international organisations (UN, Council of Europe,OECD, etc.); consideration of possible joint initiatives, Possible mutual support of candidacies in international organisations and bodies.Mechanisms of co-operation Governmental co-operation:Rotating one-year presidency, each chairmanship prepares its own presidency programme ensuring, amongothers, continuity of a long-term V4 co-operation, One official Prime Ministers summit a year at the end of each presidency, Occasional informal meetings of Prime Ministers and Foreign Ministers before international events, Deputy foreign ministers meetings preceding the PM official summits, Meetings of other ministers in V4 and V4+ format, Intensified communication of V4 national co-ordinators and their key role in internal and inter-state co-ordi-nation, Consultation and co-operation of Permanent Representations to the EU and NATO in Brussels, as well as inall relevant fora (OSCE, UN, CoE, OECD, WTO, etc.), International Visegrad Fund and its structures, Meetings of Presidents of V4 countries, Co-operation of Parliaments of V4 countries.Access regime: http://www.visegradgroup.eu/main.php? folderID=1&articleID=3936&ctag=articlelist&iid=1
Ðåçþìå
Ïðåäìåòîì íàóêîâîãî äîñë³äæåííÿ º ïðîáëåìà ôîðìóâàííÿ òà åôåêòèâíîñò³ ä³þ÷îãî ìåõàí³çìó ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãîðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíîñèí ì³æ äåðæàâàìè � ÷ëåíàìè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ ×åòâ³ðêè òà Óêðà¿íîþ. Íà äóìêó àâòîðà, ò³ëüêèä³þ÷èé ìåõàí³çì ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ ì³æäåðæàâíèõ ðåã³îíàëüíèõ â³äíîñèí ñòâîðþº ðåàëüí³ ìîæëèâîñò³ñôîðìóëþâàòè ïðàãìàòè÷í³ îö³íêè òà âèçíà÷èòè ìîæëèâ³ ïåðñïåêòèâè ñó÷àñíîãî ì³æðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà Óêðà¿íè çäàíèì ì³æíàðîäíèì ïîë³òè÷íèì óòâîðåííÿì â óìîâàõ, êîëè äåðæàâè Âèøåãðàäñüêî¿ Ãðóïè íàáóëè ñòàòóñó ÷ëåí³â ªÑ, à òàêîæÍÀÒÎ.Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: Âèøåãðàäñüêà Ãðóïà, ì³æíàðîäíå ïðàâî, ñèñòåìà ì³æíàðîäíèõ â³äíîñèí, ìåõàí³çì ì³æíàðîäíî-ïðàâî-âîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ, òðàíñêîðäîííå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî, ì³æòåðèòîð³àëüíå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî.
Ðåçþìå
Ïðåäìåòîì íàó÷íîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîáëåìà ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ è ýôôåêòèâíîñòè äåéñòâóþùåãî ìåõàíèçìà ìåæ-äóíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûõ îòíîøåíèé ìåæäó ãîñóäàðñòâàìè-÷ëåíàìè Âûøåãðàäñêîé Ãðóïïûè Óêðàèíîé. Ïî ìíåíèþ àâòîðà, òîëüêî äåéñòâóþùèé ìåõàíèçì ìåæäóíàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûõðåãèîíàëüíèõ îòíîøåíèé ñîçäàåò ðåàëüíûå âîçìîæíîñòè ñôîðìóëèðîâàòü ïðàãìàòè÷íûå îöåíêè è îïðåäåëèòü âîçìîæíûå ïåð-ñïåêòèâû ñîâðåìåííîãî ðåãèîíàëüíîãî ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâà Óêðàèíû ñ äàííûì ìåæäóíàðîäíûì ïîëèòè÷åñêèì îáúåäèíåíèåì â óñ-ëîâèÿõ, êîãäà ãîñóäàðñòâà Âûøåãðàäñêîé Ãðóïïû ïðèîáðåëè ñòàòóñ ÷ëåíîâ ªÑ, à òàêæå ÍÀÒÎ.Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: Âûøåãðàäñêàÿ Ãðóïïà, ìåæäóíàðîäíîå ïðàâî, ñèñòåìà ìåæäóíàðîäíûõ îòíîøåíèé, ìåõàíèçì ìåæäó-íàðîäíî-ïðàâîâîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ, òðàíñãðàíè÷íîå ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâî, ìåæòåððèòîðèàëüíîå ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâî.
Summary
This academic research is devoted to the analysis of formation and effectiveness of acting international legal regulatative mech-anism of Vishegrad Group and Ukraine Interstate relations. The author argues that only, acting international legal regulatative mecha-nism of interstate regional relations is establishing real possibilities to formulate pragmatic opinion and shall determine possible per-spectives of modern cooperation of Ukraine with international political unity of V4, taking into account the fact that member-states ofVishegrad Group acquired the status of member-states of EU and NATO. 336
Ïðàâîâà ñèñòåìà Óêðà¿íè é ì³æíàðîäíå ïðàâî, ïîð³âíÿëüíå ïðàâî
Key words: Vishegrad Group, International Law, International Relations System, International Legal Regulatative Mechanism,Transfrontier Cooperation, Interteritotial Cooperation, Cross-Border Cooperation. Îòðèìàíî 14.10.2010
VANDA LAMM
Professor Vanda Lamm, Cor. Member of theHungarian Academy of Sciences; Director, Institute forLedal Studies, Hungarian Academy of SciencesOVERVIEW OF THE LEGISLATIVE STEPS TAKEN TO FOSTER A MORE EFFECTIVENUCLEAR LIABILITY REGIMEIntroduction1. The Concept of State Responsibility � The Draft Articles of the International Law CommissionThe concept of State responsibility had formerly been considered and put forward by the international scien-tific community. After cumbersome but protracted efforts made by various forums of international policy-makersand actors, the International Law Commission (ILC)1 adopted a quasi-treaty text designated as ILC�s Draft Articlesof 2001 on the issue of State responsibility (Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts) without abinding force on States, regarding that these Articles have not yet been materialised in the form of a binding inter-national treaty. Nevertheless, we should take them into account as a communis opinio doctorum and a presumptivesummary embodying and preserving the main theoretical concepts of State responsibility, which shall manifestthemselves either in customary international law or in State practices, or, in both of these sources of internationallaw (Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice)2. Evidently, it is deemed essential that the provi-sions of the Draft Articles have been surveyed and analysed in view of the concerned legal area parallelly to nuclearlegal conventions, on the one hand, if the regulation of State responsibility relating to instruments of nuclear law hasnot been existed, or, on the other hand, if the governing regulation would be incapable of encompassing all relevantaspects of the aforementioned responsibility under the framework of nuclear and international law.In general point of view, the ILC had adhered the traditional inter-State approach in its codification work;thereupon the ILC adopted its Draft Articles, irrespective of the increasingly emerging question of the responsibil-ity of non-State actors, such as multinational financial entities or individuals. Obviously, under public internationallaw, if an act of any State has been wilfully and maliciously committed, or the given act would have been commit-ted in a gravely negligent manner implying a breach of an international obligation, these facts (causal relationbetween cause and the result of a conduct imputable to the State as damage or harm) would entail the responsibili-ty of the State, therefore, compensation and reparations shall supervene pursuant to the generally accepted rule ofcustomary international law. So, the term and legal content of State responsibility shall be distinguished from lia-bility-based issues (irrespective of its two fragments, the concept of State and civil liability) by means of exact con-cept-formation in the general area of international law (lex generalis) and specifically, under the increasing but spo-radic sphere of nuclear law (lex specialis).Additionally, the codification process conducted by the ILC was frequently self-contradictory by reason of thedeparting legal thinking of the five rapporteurs (Garcia Amador, Ago, Riphagen, Arangio-Ruiz and Crawford), scil-icet, their different conceptions deriving from their diverse backgrounds attributed to divergent State establishmentsand legal systems. Therefore, in the ambit of the problematic and controversial distinction tending to exonerate thesubstantial State responsibility vs. State liability debates often flared up, which basically influenced the fundamen-tal approach of this subject matter. The Draft Articles unambiguously contain only rules concerning State responsi-bility according with �State responsibility for internationally wrongful acts� phrase, meaning that the Draft Articlesprecluded the possibility of raising liability-issues upon the interpretation of its text, since it applied the phrase of�wrongful act�. The term �responsibility� postulates the wrongful act of a State3, while the term �liability� for injuriesmay be considered to be attached to lawful and unlawful acts, as well4. Presumably, this distinction had been con-ducive to the decision on which the ILC further divided the liability topic into two projects in 1997. Subsequently,the first project of the ILC in this issue embodied the work on primary obligations relating to the prevention of trans-boundary harm from hazardous activities, while the second project concentrated on liability for injurious conse-quences of acts not prohibited by international law. In the characterization of this ramification, the ILC evolved tran-scending rules and clauses being severally peculiar to both subjects considering the virtual interrelationship of thegiven spheres5.2. State Responsibility in the Context of Public International LawThe exact distinction between the contradicting and ambiguous notions of responsibility and liability impliestwo different approaches to the similar and analogous problem. Derivatively, these terms are sometimes applied
Vanda Lamm. Overview of the legislative steps taken to foster a more effective nuclear liablity regime
337×àñîïèñ Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ïðàâà � 2010/4© Vanda Lamm, 2010
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| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-23670 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | XXXX-0074 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:58:49Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Інститут держави і права ім. В.М. Корецького НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Динис, Г.Г. 2011-07-06T10:41:21Z 2011-07-06T10:41:21Z 2010 Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання / Г.Г. Динис // Часопис Київського університету права. — 2010. — № 4. — С. 328-337. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — укр. XXXX-0074 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/23670 Предметом наукового дослідження є проблема формування та ефективності діючого механізму міжнародно-правового регулювання міжнародних відносин між державами - членами Вишеградської Четвірки та Україною. На думку автора, тільки діючий механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання міждержавних регіональних відносин створює реальні можливості сформулювати прагматичні оцінки та визначити можливі перспективи сучасного міжрегіонального співробітництва України з даним міжнародним політичним утворенням в умовах, коли держави Вишеградської Групи набули статусу членів ЄС, а також НАТО. Ключові слова: Вишеградська Група, міжнародне право, система міжнародних відносин, механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання, транскордонне співробітництво, міжтериторіальне співробітництво. Предметом научного исследования является проблема формирования и эффективности действующего механизма международно-правового регулирования межгосударственных отношений между государствами-членами Вышеградской Группы и Украиной. По мнению автора, только действующий механизм международно-правового регулирования межгосударственных региональних отношений создает реальные возможности сформулировать прагматичные оценки и определить возможные перспективы современного регионального сотрудничества Украины с данным международным политическим объединением в условиях, когда государства Вышеградской Группы приобрели статус членов ЕС, а также НАТО. Ключевые слова: Вышеградская Группа, международное право, система международных отношений, механизм международно-правового регулирования, трансграничное сотрудничество, межтерриториальное сотрудничество. This academic research is devoted to the analysis of formation and effectiveness of acting international legal regulatative mechanism of Vishegrad Group and Ukraine Interstate relations. The author argues that only, acting international legal regulatative mechanism of interstate regional relations is establishing real possibilities to formulate pragmatic opinion and shall determine possible perspectives of modern cooperation of Ukraine with international political unity of V4, taking into account the fact that member-states of Vishegrad Group acquired the status of member-states of EU and NATO. Key words: Vishegrad Group, International Law, International Relations System, International Legal Regulatative Mechanism, Transfrontier Cooperation, Interteritotial Cooperation, Cross-Border Cooperation. uk Інститут держави і права ім. В.М. Корецького НАН України Часопис Київського університету права Правова система України й міжнародне право, порівняльне правознавство Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання Динис, Г.Г. Правова система України й міжнародне право, порівняльне правознавство |
| title | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| title_full | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| title_fullStr | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| title_full_unstemmed | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| title_short | Сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між Україною та Вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| title_sort | сучасний статус та перспективи відносин між україною та вишеградською четвіркою: механізм міжнародно-правового регулювання |
| topic | Правова система України й міжнародне право, порівняльне правознавство |
| topic_facet | Правова система України й міжнародне право, порівняльне правознавство |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/23670 |
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