Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья
В конце июня 2009 года в Киеве состоялся украинско-болгарский семинар на тему «Нетрадиционные ресурсы со дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья», в работе которого приняли участие ученые Киева (ГНУ «Отделение морской геологии и осадочного рудообразования», Институт ф...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана |
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| Datum: | 2009 |
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Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України
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| citation_txt | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья // Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана. — 2009. — № 4. — С.84-97. — англ. |
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| container_title | Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана |
| description | В конце июня 2009 года в Киеве состоялся украинско-болгарский семинар на тему «Нетрадиционные ресурсы со
дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья», в работе которого приняли участие ученые Киева (ГНУ «Отделение морской геологии и осадочного рудообразования», Институт физиологии растений НАН
Украины, Институт земледелия НАА Украины), Варны (Институт океанологии БАН) и Софии (Институт физиологии растений БАН).
На семинаре были обсуждены результаты исследований, выполняемых научными коллективами в рамках одноименного совместного украинско-болгарского проекта, и
пути дальнейшего развития этого проекта.
During last years, agricultural specialists rise a question of soil humus content. Assimilation of uncultivated agriculture lands as rule leads to
decreasing soil humus content in the tillablle horizon. It could be explained by disturbance of nature biological stuffs cycle, because of bringing out biomass by the crps, or by mechanical movement of plant covering organogenesis horizon and humus assimilating horizon with one, deeper lying, poor in humus.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-11-29T10:05:57Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
84 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
ОБСУЖДЕНИЯ. ДИСКУССИИ
От редакции
В конце июня 2009 года в Киеве состоялся украинско�
болгарский семинар на тему «Нетрадиционные ресурсы со
дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как ком�
плексного сырья», в работе которого приняли участие уче�
ные Киева (ГНУ «Отделение морской геологии и осадочно�
го рудообразования», Институт физиологии растений НАН
Украины, Институт земледелия НАА Украины), Варны (Ин�
ститут океанологии БАН) и Софии (Институт физиологии
растений БАН).
На семинаре были обсуждены результаты исследова�
ний, выполняемых научными коллективами в рамках од�
ноименного совместного украинско�болгарского проекта, и
пути дальнейшего развития этого проекта.
Тезисы докладов, опубликованные в этом номере жур�
нала, подготовлены по итогам обсуждения и освещают ре�
зультаты опытов применения сапропелей для рекультива�
ции почв и активизации роста и развития некоторых видов
сельскохозяйственных культур.
Сапропели – специфический тип осадков, которые на
голоценовом этапе развития Черного моря сплошным покро�
вом легли на дно глубоководной впадины и отдельными
«пятнами» локализовались на шельфе. Эти органо�мине�
ральные осадочные образования (более ста лет известные под
названием сапропелевых, кокколитовых и диатомовых
илов) начали системно и целенаправленно изучаться в на�
чале 90�х годов прошлого века. Они представляют собой по�
тенциально перспективное сырье с широким диапазоном
применения – в земледелии, медицине, фармакологии, стро�
ительстве, производстве керамики и т.п. Их комплексное
изучение, одновременно проводимое учеными Украины и
Болгарии, простимулировано актуальностью практических
потребностей национальных экономик.
На сегодняшний день исследования в основном сосре�
доточены на: геологическом изучении глубоководных орга�
но�минеральных осадков; определении возможных областей
их применения; изучении горно�технических условий добы�
чи и разработке технических средств для отбора крупномас�
штабных проб; оценке воздействия на морскую среду гео�
лого�разведочных и эксплуатационных работ.
НЕТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ СО ДНА ЧЕРНОГО МОРЯ...
ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4 85
Table 1
Content of microelements
© N. Artinova1, N. Nikolov1, D. Dimitrov2, P. Dimitrov2, 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University, 2Varna Institute of Oceanology
Studying on the Influence of the Black Sea Sapropelles
on the Quality and Content of Humus in Cinnamonic
Pseudopodzolic Soil (Planosol)
During last years, agricultural specialists rise a question of soil humus
content. Assimilation of uncultivated agriculture lands as rule leads to
decreasing soil humus content in the tillablle horizon. It could be explained by
disturbance of nature biological stuffs cycle, because of bringing out biomass
by the crops, or by mechanical movement of plant covering�organogenesis
horizon and humus�assimilating horizon with one, deeper lying, poor in humus.
A similar phenomena processes in soils, where tillablle horizon don’t go out the
borders of humus�assimilating horizon as in the case of cambisols. That’s why
the most probably reason for humus decrease is the cultivation and related to it
mineralization of organic matter. By such facts is clear that in parallels to using
soils with weak accumulation of organic matter, is necessary to trouble about
humus content stabilization.
The aim of present work was to establish the influence of substrates,
containing sapropelles at the humus state in low�fertile soils as cinnamonic
pseudopodzolic soils (CPS), (Planosol), in relation to support an optimal balance
of organic stuff.
1. Chemical composition of sapropelles. To determine the macro� and
microelements content in the sample of the used sapropelles, inductively coupled
emission spectrometry (Jobni Yvon Emission – JY 38 S. France) was used. The
quantitative measures were carried out with ICP.
Tables 1, 2 illustrate the content of macro and microelements in the used
sample of sapropelles. The loss while heated at 1000o C is 19,97%, due to a
content of organic matter.
2. As object of investigation was used CPS (Planosol), taken from the
Zlatosel village area (Plovdiv region). Soil samples from a surface soil horizon
and both undersurface layers of SFPS were incubated with sapropelles amount
of 1,0 % and 2,0 % in form of water�mechanical suspension. The incubation
was kept at room temperature with full soil water storage over a periods 1, 2
Table 2
Chemical composition of sapropelles
Sample oxides Ñã (g/t) Mo (g/t) Zn (g/t) Mn (g/t) Pb (g/t) Cu (g/t) Ni (g/t)
Sapropelles 50.00 36.40 65.82 383.42 28.22 36.63 49.75
Sample
Oxides
SiO2
(%)
TiO2
(%)
À12Î3
(%)
FeO
(%)
ÌïÎ
(%)
MgO
(%)
ÑàÎ
(%)
Na2O
(%)
Ê2Î
(%)
Loss (%),
1000°Ñ
Sapropelles 39.76 0.70 11.69 4.57 0.04 2.68 15.46 2.13 1.83 19.97
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
86 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
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НЕТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ СО ДНА ЧЕРНОГО МОРЯ...
ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4 87
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НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
88 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
and 3 months. Manifest alterations in quality of soil humus were established in
a month after incubation. The humus content was established by an express
method of Cononova and Belchikova. Independently of express character of the
mentioned method, some additional analyses were made after 45 days
incubation. As test about humus state of samples were used data of humus
indexes parameters (Orlov and Grishina), adopted according the diapason of
values in Bulgarian soils (Artinova).
It was established that in a layer 0–10 cm, the content of organic carbon
(Corg) increases 0,2% by both varieties of samples (1,0%, 2,0% sapropelles)
and about 0,1–0,4% in deeper layers with the second variant, containing 2,0%.
The humic acids content showed a tendency to decreasing with increasing
insoluble humic residue. The part of humic acids, bound with calcium, decrease
especially at the variety with 1,0% sapropelles. It prove the mobilizing action
of Fe3+ and Al3+ in sapropelles composition on the humic acids of non�forming
organic stuff and the opposite effect – fixation and immobilization of the
organic components of non�hydrolized residue (humin) of Ca2+ & Mg2+. The
experimental data are shown at tables 3, 4.
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria–Ukraine Project: No 02–35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
©N. Nikolov1, N. Shaban2, 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University; 2Foresty�technical University, Sofia
Use of the Black Sea Sapropelles as Amendment
by Growing Index of the Vegetable Crops Tomatoes, Paprika
and Aubergine
The effect of introduction of the Black sea sapropelles was studied by
production of seedlings of the vegetable crops tomatoes, paprika and aubergine.
It was established their influence on the following growing indices: height and
width of the central stem and number of leaves.
Chemical composition of sapropelles and content of microelements are
shown in the article presented by N. Artinova, N. Nikolov, D. Dimitrov,
P. Dimitrov.
The trials were settled 10 plants in variant, every of them in five
replications. Air dry sapropelles, screened by sieve 1 mm amount of 0,2% � variant
I, 0,4% � variant II and 0,6% � variant III, was added to a soil�manure mixture
and regularly irrigated. Kind of the soil used was Vertisol. The correlation soil:
manure was 1:1. After incubation period of a month, the plants of vegetable crops
tomatoes paprika and aubergine were planted out in plastic plant pots with
diameter 100 mm and an amount of the soil�manure mixture — 0,5 kg.
The analysis for the results of pH (H2O medium) values of the manure�
soil mixtures was shown that pH increases to the neutral area, in dependence of
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the incubation period and the content of sapropelles. This is the most expressed
by the varieties with 0,6%. The change was significant after a month and after
two months was insignificant (table 1).
It was established that sapropelles increase the water storage capacity
(WSC) of samples, in borders 1,12% – 4,60%, in dependence of the content of
sapropelles ( table 1).
The results of biometric analyses are summarized in tables 2–10.
ðÍ (H2O) after time
¹
Variants
one month two months
WSC
(%)
1 I 6,74 6,77 101,12
2 II 6,83 6,86 102,55
3 III 6,95 6,97 104,60
4 Control 6,1 6,05 100
Table 1
Water storage capacity and рН of the incubated with sapropelles manure�soil samples
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 18,2 1,68 10,38 100 91
2 I 19,0 4,02 23,73 104 95
3 II 22,2 2,03 10,27 122 111
4 III 20,3 3,47 19,16 112 102
5 X 19,92
Table 2
Height of the central stem at the tomato plants
Table 4
Number of leaves at the tomato plants
¹ Varieties Median value 2 /S n V.C.
% to the
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 5,4 0,48 10 100 87
2 I 5,6 0,48 9,64 104 90
3 II 7,6 0,48 7,10 141 123
4 III 6,2 0,39 7,09 115 100
5 X 6,2
Table 3
Width of the central stem at the tomato plants
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to the
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 0,44 0,01 11,36 100 96
2 I 0,46 0,01 10,56 105 100
3 II 0,46 0,01 10,86 105 100
4 III 0,48 0,03 8,33 109 104
5 X 0,46
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
90 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
Table 5
Height of the central stem at the paprika plants
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to the
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 16,3 4,67 24,78 100 119
2 I 15,8 6,90 37,78 97 116
3 II 11,0 2,08 16,36 67 80
4 III 11,6 2,40 17,83 71 85
5 X 0,28
Table 6
Width of the central stem at the paprika plants
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to thye
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 0,3 0 0 100 107
2 I 0,3 0 0 100 107
3 II 0,26 0,067 22,30 87 93
4 III 0,26 0,067 22,30 87 93
5 X 0,28
Table 7
Number of leaves at the paprika plants
¹ Varieties Median value 2 /S n V.C.
% to the
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 9,66 0,65 5,90 100 95
2 I 110,0 1,15 10,00 104 98
3 II 10,33 0,65 5,51 107 102
4 III 10,66 1,32 10,78 110 105
5 X 10,16
Table 8
Height of the central stem at the aubergine plants
¹
Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to the
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 8,6 0,67 6,74 100 76
2 I 12,16 2,72 19,40 141 107
3 II 13,5 0,57 3,70 157 119
4 III 11,3 0,65 5,04 131 99
5 X 11,39
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Table 10
Number of leaves at the aubergine plants
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 5,0 0 0 100 100
2 I 6,0 0 0 120 120
3 II 4,33 0,66 13,30 87 87
4 III 4,66 0,66 12,36 93 93
5 X 4,99
Table 9
Width of the central stem at the aubergine plants
¹ Varieties
Median
value
2 /S n V.C.
% to
Control
% to the
median
value
1 Control 0,40 0 0 100 93
2 I 0,46 0,067 12,60 115 107
3 II 0,43 0,06 13,25 108 100
4 III 0,43 0,06 13,25 108 100
5 X 0,43
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
© N. Nikolov1, D. Dimitrov2, P. Dimitrov2 , 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University, 2Varna Institute of Oceanology
Use of The Black Sea Sapropelles for Improvement
of Rooting and Growth of Kazanlika Oil�bearing Rose Clips
Oil bearing rose “Kazanlika” is the most important and essential oil crop
in Bulgaria. For a pity the rose plantations decrease in the last decades, leading
to decreasing of rose oil production. The main method for seedlings production
is the rooting of rose clips in various substrates in glasshouse conditions. There
are two technologies of seedlings production – Rooting of green clips by
spraying in peat�perlite substrate and rooting of ripe clips without spraying.
The first method is more effective but require more investments. By the second
the percent of rooted clips is lower in comparison to the first method.
A study was made on the effect of the Black Sea sapropelles application
at a stimulation the rooting and the median growth of the rooting clips of
Kazanlika oil�bearing rose.
The experiment was carried out with two substrates enriched by
sapropelles � variant I, represents perlite + 3,0% sapropelles and variant II –
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
92 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
peat – perlite substrate in correlation 1:1 + 3,0% sapropelles. For comparison
was used two etalon substrates – balcanin�zeolite substrate and mineral mixture
for tomatoes. The number of the examined clips at all variants was 80. After
six months rooting the percent of rooted clips and their growth was established.
The data are summarised in table
The established stimulation effect on the rooting of the clips can be
explained by the rich content of microelements and organic stuffs in the
composition of sapropelles.
Chemical composition of sapropelles and content of microelements are
shown in the article presented by N. Artinova, N. Nikolov, D. Dimitrov,
P. Dimitrov.
The data analysis was shown that sapropelles stimulate the risogeneses of
oil�bearing rose clips and can be applied by seedlings production of “Kazanlika”
oil�bearing rose.
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
Median growth and percent of rooted oil�bearing rose clips in nutrient substrate
enriched by sapropelles
Variants
Number
of clips
Substrate Composition
Median growth
of rose clip, cm
Rooted clips
(%)
I 80 perlite + 3 mass.% sapropelles 6,04 90
II 80
peat:perlite 1:1 + 3 ìàss.%
sapropelles
21,76 95
Etalon I 80 Balcanin-zeolite substrate 10,75 80
Åtalon II 80 Mineral mixture for tomatoes 18,18 85
© N. Nikolov1, N. Artinova1, D. Dimitrov2, P. Dimitrov2, 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University, 2Varna Institute of Oceanology
Use of The Black Sea Sapropelles for Neutralization of Soil
Acidity and Increasing of Water storage Capacity of Soils
Chemical composition of sapropelles and content of microelements are
shown in the article presented by N. Artinova, N. Nikolov, D. Dimitrov,
P. Dimitrov.
1. Neutralization of acidity of cinnamonic pseudopodzolic soil (Planosol).
In banks were set 30 g samples of acid cinnamonic pseudopodzolic soil
(Planosol), taken from three deep horizons in the Zlatosel village area (Plovdiv
district), with pH 4,5 – 4,7. Samples were mixed with sapropelles 1,0 % and
2,0 %. After pouring on with 30 cm3 double distilling water, samples were left
for incubation.
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After incubation period of 45 days pH of the detached varieties in H2O
and KCl medium were determined.
In parallels were established pH value in the control samples out of three
horizons and in the sapropelles. It was established the humus content in all
analyzing samples. The experimental data are shown at table 1. It was
established the content of exchangeable ions in the samples. The results are
shown at table 2.
Table 1
General chemical composition and physical�chemical properties of cinnamonic
pseudopodzolic soil (Planosol), sapropelles and their mixtures
pH
Horizon depth (cm)
in H2O medium in KCI solution
Humus content
(%)
CaCO3 (%)
Control – CPS (planosol)
A1A2l(g) 0-10 4,50 3,90 1,21 -
A2l(g) 10- 28 4,50 4,00 0,48 -
A2l(g) 28-40 4,70 3,80 0,31 -
Sapropelles
Sapropelles 1 7,28 6,70 6,95 6,20
Sapropelles 2 7,25 6,95 6,86 6,22
Sapropelles 3 7,20 7,20 6,76 6,18
CPS (planosol) + 1,0 % sapropelles
A1A2l(g) 0-10 6,4 5,45 1,56 -
A2l(g) 10-28 6,9 6,55 0,54 -
A2l(g) 28-40 7,0 6,6 0,37 -
CPS (planosol) + 2,0 % sapropelles
A1A2l(g) 0-10 7,0 6,55 1,56 -
A2l(g) 10-28 7,2 6,80 1,27 -
A2l(g) 28-40 7,8 7,00 0,53 -
Table 2
Exchangable ions content in cinnamonic pseudopodzolic soil (Planosol) with sapropelles
after 45 days incubation
Exchange ions (mgeq/100 g) Content of
sapropelles
(%)
¹
horizon
depth (cm) (Ca2+, Mg2+) Ca2+
(Al3+, H+) Mg2+
1 0 - 10 5,77 4,367 0,05 0,90
2 10-28 6,13 2,964 0 3,16 1,0
3 28-40 3,87 3,849 0,07 0,02
4 0-10 6,84 2,655 0 4,18
5 10-28 7,19 5,973 0 1,22 2,0
6 28-40 5.31 3,894 0 1,42
7 0 - 10 31,3 25,0 98,2 6,3
8 10-28 36,8 17,5 109,3 19,3
Control CPS
(Planosol)
9 28-40 37,5 15,6 96,2 21,9
The established pH change is related to the content of humus and exchange
ions at the samples, containing sapropelles. The presence of organic carbon and
exchange ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) at the sapropelles composition, improve the buffer
ability of the investigated Planosol.
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
94 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
2. Establishing water storage capacity (WSC) of leached cinnamonic soil
(Chromic Luvisol) with addition of sapropelles.
The WSC of the tested kind of soil was determined by standard method.
In glasses with volume 250 cm3 were set 30 g samples of leached cinnamonic
soil (Chromic Luvisol), from horizon depth 0�40 cm, with different content of
sapropelles – 1,0% � 5,0%. Samples, including control sample, were poured on
with 50 cm3 distilling water and left for 24 hours stay.
The data are shown at table. 3
In fact sapropelles improve the soil structure, which determine more
higher inner�aggregate porosity.
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
Table 3
Water storage capacity of leached cinnamonic forest soil (SFS) (Chromic Luvisol)
with a different amount of sapropelles
Horizon
depth (cm)
Sample ¹ Variants SFS + sapropelles (%)
WSC (%) in comparison to
Control
1 1,0 103,4
2 2,0 112,1
3 3,0 117,3
4 5,0 124,4
0-40
5 Control 100
© N. Nikolov1, D. Christova1, D. Cholakov1, D. Dimitrov2,
P. Dimitrov2, D. Solakov2, 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University, 2Varna Institute of Oceanology
Optimizing Nitric Nutrition by Tomatoes Cultivar “Rila”
at Plastic House Conditions by Use of Modified Granules,
Containing Polymers and Black Sea Sapropelles
The traditional methods of nitrogen nutrition in many cases lead to a
number of unfavorable effects on the environment phenomena as increasing
soil acidity and pollution of plant production with nitrates, especially by use of
ammonium nitrate. A part of ammonium nitrogen can’t be assimilated because
of evaporation by decomposition of the salt in soil. The presence of nitrates is a
general problem for many European regions. In many built�up areas, the subsoil
waters are contamined with nitrates.
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The intensive nitrogen nutrition polluted the environment and don’t
assimilate rationally by the plants, leading to decreased yield and worsen quality
of plant production.
The aim of present work was to study the possibility of optimizing nitrogen
nutrition by use of modified granules, containing sapropelles as amendment
and covered with water swelling polymeric layer.
Chemical composition of sapropelles and content of microelements are
shown in the article presented by N. Artinova, N. Nikolov, D. Dimitrov,
P. Dimitrov.
Tomato seedlings were plant in two variants, I and II, by four replications
(4 x 8 plants). As nitrogen fertilizer were used ammonium nitrate, introduced
only ones by modified granules containing 44% ammonium nitrate, 30% Black
sea sapropelles as amendment and 26% filler (kaolin). The granules were formed
on a rotary plate granulator by spraying 0,5% water solution of polyvinyl
alcohol (PVA), if variant I and by 0,5% water solution of modified polyvinyl
alcohol (PVA�M) if variant II.
The median data of tomatoes yield from the two year investigation are
shown at table 1.
In table 2 is shown the content of vit. C.
The established effect on the yield and content of vitamin C in the tomato
fruits can be explained by the rich content of macro� and microelements and
the organic stuffs in the composition of sapropelles.
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
Table 2
Content of vit.C in tomatoes, cv. “Rila”
Variants Number of plants Content of vitamin C mg/kg
I 32 18,99
II 32 19,39
Control 32 17,78
Table 1
General standard and median yield of tomatoes cv.“Rila” at plastic house conditions
by optimized nitric nutrition
Variants Median data of harvestings at variants (2002-2003) (kg)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
General
yield
(kg)
I 2.10 5,46 8,70 10,30 11,47 13,00 17,50 12,2 80,73
II 2,05 5,50 7,60 10,20 10,25 12,00 15,30 10,79 73,71
Control 0,800 1,500 2,300 5,800 4,600 7,500 11,200 5,600 70,2
НИКОЛОВ Н., ДИМИТРОВ Д., АРТИНОВА Н., ШАБАН Н., КРИСТОВА Д. и др.
96 ISSN 1999�7566. Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана, 2009, №4
© N. Nikolov1, V. Angelova1, D. Dimitrov2, 2009
1Plovdiv Agriculture University, 2Varna Institute of Oceanology
Decreasing Pb, Zn and Cd Accumulation of “Triticalle”
Crop from Soil by Use of the Black Sea Sapropelles
The presence of heavy metals in soils leads to a number of abnormal for
the environment phenomena. From the soil they pass into the plants and
polluted the plant production. Even in more higher concentrations they influent
unfavorable on the physiological and biological processes in a plant organism –
Kabata.
An important condition for producing pure agriculture production is to
avoid or decrease the accumulation of heavy metals to the cultivated crop. It is
known that the mobility of heavy metals depends on the soil pH. By the acid
soils the number of mobile forms is more that the neutral or weak alkali soils.
The preliminary investigation have shown that the Black Sea sapropelles
neutralize significantly the soil acidity and increases the yield at some vegetable
crops – P. Dimitrov.
Chemical composition of sapropelles and content of microelements are
shown in the article presented by N. Artinova, N. Nikolov, D. Dimitrov,
P. Dimitrov.
Table 1
DTPA – Extractable and Total Content of Pb, Zn and Cd in the Soil
¹ Element
DTPA
extractable
Total content
DTPA -extractable/
total content, %
MPC*
1 Pb 106.8 217.7 49.3 80
2 Zn 145.0 621.8 23.3 340
3 Cd 3.4 7.6 44.7 2,5
Table 2
DTPA � Extractable and Total Content of Pb, Zn and Cd in the Soil
Content of Pb, Zn, Cd samples by “Triticalle” culture (mg/kg)
¹
Plant
parts
Control
soil +1%
sapropelles
decreasing to
control, %
soil + 3%
sapropelles
decreasing to
control, %
soil
content of Pb
1 roots 32,10 30,0 6,50 24,0 25,2
2 steams 1,90 1,80 5,30 1,30 31,58
3 leaves 7,80 6,90 11,50 4,30 44,88
217.7
content of Zn
4 roots 192,4 150,3 29,90 124,20 35,42
5 steams 69,5 49,1 29,36 23,10 58,78
6 leaves 131,5 69,5 47,15 24,90 81,10
621.8
content of Cd
7 roots 2,4 1,9 21,84 1,50 37,50
8 steams 1,5 0,3 80,0 0,06 96,00
9 leaves 3,2 0,1 96,87 0.00 100
7.6
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The aim of present work is to established the lock ability of Black Sea
sapropelles on the mobile forms of heavy metals Pb, Zn, Cd in alluvial�meadow
soil (Calcaric Fluvisol).
The total content of Pb, Zn and Cd in soil is high and considerably exceeds
the maximum permissible concentrations (Table 1).
The content of Pb, Zn and Cd in harvested culture “triticalle” in different
parts � roots, stems and leaves, was determined by use of dry mineralization
method.
The data are summarised in table 2.
The results obtained show that sapropelles in content 1,0% – 3,0% can
successfully be used for decreasing Pb, Zn and Cd accumulation by “Triticalle”
culture.
Acknowledgements. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the
Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non�traditional
resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”).
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-44940 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1999-7566 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-29T10:05:57Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | 2013-06-07T05:11:47Z 2013-06-07T05:11:47Z 2009 Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья // Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана. — 2009. — № 4. — С.84-97. — англ. 1999-7566 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/44940 В конце июня 2009 года в Киеве состоялся украинско-болгарский семинар на тему «Нетрадиционные ресурсы со дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья», в работе которого приняли участие ученые Киева (ГНУ «Отделение морской геологии и осадочного рудообразования», Институт физиологии растений НАН Украины, Институт земледелия НАА Украины), Варны (Институт океанологии БАН) и Софии (Институт физиологии растений БАН). На семинаре были обсуждены результаты исследований, выполняемых научными коллективами в рамках одноименного совместного украинско-болгарского проекта, и пути дальнейшего развития этого проекта. During last years, agricultural specialists rise a question of soil humus content. Assimilation of uncultivated agriculture lands as rule leads to decreasing soil humus content in the tillablle horizon. It could be explained by disturbance of nature biological stuffs cycle, because of bringing out biomass by the crps, or by mechanical movement of plant covering organogenesis horizon and humus assimilating horizon with one, deeper lying, poor in humus. This work was done at the support of the National Science Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science, (Bulgaria – Ukraine Project: No 02 – 35 “Non-traditional resources from Black sea bottom and their possibilities to use as complex raw material”). en Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана Дискуссии. Обсуждения Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья Українсько-болгарський семінар «Нетрадиційні ресурси дна Чорного моря й можливості їх використання як комплексної сировини Ukrainian-Bulgarian Seminar «Untraditional Resources of the Black Sea Bottom and Possibility of their Use as Complex Raw Material Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья Дискуссии. Обсуждения |
| title | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| title_alt | Українсько-болгарський семінар «Нетрадиційні ресурси дна Чорного моря й можливості їх використання як комплексної сировини Ukrainian-Bulgarian Seminar «Untraditional Resources of the Black Sea Bottom and Possibility of their Use as Complex Raw Material |
| title_full | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| title_fullStr | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| title_full_unstemmed | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| title_short | Украинско-болгарский семинар "Нетрадиционные ресурсы дна Черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| title_sort | украинско-болгарский семинар "нетрадиционные ресурсы дна черного моря и возможности их использования как комплексного сырья |
| topic | Дискуссии. Обсуждения |
| topic_facet | Дискуссии. Обсуждения |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/44940 |