Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact
The aim of this work was to compare the behavior of untreated glass and glass treated by hydrofluoric acid, as well as to determine factors controlling high ballistic characteristics of the strengthened glass. Проведено сравнение поведения необработанного стекла и стекла, подвергнутого обработке пла...
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| Datum: | 2002 |
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Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України
2002
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| Zitieren: | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact / A.S. Vlasov, E.L. Zilberbrand, A.A. Kozhushko, A.I. Kozachuk, A.B. Sinani // Проблемы прочности. — 2002. — № 3. — С. 82-85. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860247391374934016 |
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| author | Vlasov, A.S. Zilberbrand, E.L. Kozhushko, A.A. Kozachuk, A.I. Sinani, A.B. |
| author_facet | Vlasov, A.S. Zilberbrand, E.L. Kozhushko, A.A. Kozachuk, A.I. Sinani, A.B. |
| citation_txt | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact / A.S. Vlasov, E.L. Zilberbrand, A.A. Kozhushko, A.I. Kozachuk, A.B. Sinani // Проблемы прочности. — 2002. — № 3. — С. 82-85. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Проблемы прочности |
| description | The aim of this work was to compare the behavior of untreated glass and glass treated by hydrofluoric acid, as well as to determine factors controlling high ballistic characteristics of the strengthened glass.
Проведено сравнение поведения необработанного стекла и стекла, подвергнутого обработке плавиковой кислотой. Установлены факторы, определяющие высокие баллистические характеристики упрочненного стекла.
Проведено порівняння поведінки необробленого скла і скла, що було оброблене плавиковою кислотою. Установлено фактори, що визначають високі балістичні характеристики зміцненого скла.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:38:50Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
UDC 539.4
Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact
A. S. Vlasov, E. L. Zilberbrand, A. A. Kozhushko, A. I. Kozachuk,
and A. B. Sinani
Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
УДК 539.4
Поведение упрочненного стекла при высокоскоростном ударном
нагружении
А. С. Власов, Е. Л. Зильбербранд, А. А. Кожушко, А. И. Козачук,
А. Б. Синани
Физико-технический институт им. А. Ф. Иоффе РАН, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
Проведено сравнение поведения необработанного стекла и стекла, подвергнутого обра
ботке плавиковой кислотой. Установлены факторы, определяющие высокие баллистические
характеристики упрочненного стекла.
Ключевые слова: необработанное стекло, плавиковая кислота, упрочненное
стекло, ударное нагружение.
Treatment of silicate glass by hydrofluoric acid results in removing surface
defects which are responsible for quite low strength of the glass. In this way,
strength of the treated glass can be increased by two orders of magnitude [1]. The
strengthened (treated) glass was found to exhibit quite high ballistic performance:
a 10-15 mm thick strengthened glass plate is capable of stopping a deformable
steel projectile at impact velocities as high as 720 m/s.
The present work was aimed at finding out principal differences in impact
behavior of untreated and treated glasses and revealing factors determining the
high ballistic performance of the strengthened glass.
The impact behavior of the untreated and treated glass plates was studied
experimentally by means of high-frequency photographic recording (2 -105
frames per second) and multi-frame x-ray recording (operating voltage of 400 kV,
exposure time of 0.1 ,ws) under the same loading conditions (impact by 60° cone
nose steel projectiles at a velocity of 700 m/s). Test specimens were 15 mm thick
and 150x150 mm wide.
Examples of the high-frequency photographs are presented in Fig. 1. In both
treated and untreated glass, propagation of a disturbed zone ahead of the projectile
was recorded. The propagation velocities were found from data of the
time-resolved photographic recording as shown in Fig. 2 representing position
versus time plots for radii of the disturbed zones and the projectile rear end.
The disturbed zone in the untreated plates propagates with a velocity of
1500 m/s. It is equal to the crack velocity in silicate glass [2], and the disturbed
zone can be unambiguously identified as a fractured zone. It is seen in the
© A. S. VLASOV, E. L. ZILBERBRAND, A. A. KOZHUSHKO, A. I. KOZACHUK, A. B. SINANI, 2002
82 ISSN 0556-171X. Проблемы прочности, 2002, N 3
Behavior o f Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact
photographs that the stress wave is being reflected from the rear surface of the
plate by 4 f̂ s after the striking instant. The reflection is followed by the opposing
fracture propagating toward the projectile. By 7 ŝ, joining of the direct and
opposing fractures occurs, and the plate is completely disintegrated. These data
are in line with the known concepts of impact behavior of brittle bodies [3, 4].
Fig. 1. H igh-frequency photographic sequences o f untreated (left) and strengthened (right) glass
p lates im pacted by a steel pro jectile at V = 700 m/s.
ISSN 0556-171X. npo6n.eubi npounocmu, 2002, N 3 83
A. S. Vlasov, E. L. Zilberbrand, A. A. Kozhushko, et al.
10
CD-10
o
Oh
-20
-30
— ■— I— i— |— i— |— i— |— i— |— i— |— i— |— i—
/ V = 1500 m/s
- j V = 400m/s -
7 a A - Radius of the disturbed zone (R) I
-V--Æ............................................
VT = 700m/s /
Projectile rear end (L)
v Untreated Glass _
a Treated Glass
J __.__I__.__I__.__I__.__I__.__l_
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time, |is
Fig. 2. “Position vs tim e” curves for the d isturbed zones in glass (top) and projectile rear end
(bottom).
Fig. 3. F lash x-ray photographs o f the projectile erosion on the front surface o f a 10 m m th ick glass
plate. (Im pact velocity V = 700 m/s.)
0
A quite different pattern is observed in the treated glass plate. The projectile
is eroded on the glass plate front surface without penetrating it (see flash x-ray
photographs in Fig. 3). The disturbed zone propagates with a velocity of 400 m/s.
This velocity corresponds to the projectile flow velocity, U = Vt tan(a/2), on a
rigid surface (here Vt is impact velocity, and a is the projectile cone nose angle).
After 20 ŝ, propagation of the zone terminates, and its reverse motion
(contraction) is observed. Noteworthy is the fact that the reverse motion starts at a
point in time where a deceleration of the projectile occurs and, consequently, the
84 ISSN 0556-171X. npoôëeubi npounocmu, 2002, N 3
Behavior o f Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact
impact pressure on the projectile/target interface is reduced. Thus, the disturbed
zone in the treated glass can be interpreted as a region of quasi-static stresses
induced by the pressure on the projectile/target interface. Important is the fact that
no fracture is nucleated in this region.
The next significant difference in the impact behavior of treated and
untreated glass plates is that no opposing fracture is observed in the treated plates.
Fracture of the treated plate originates at its side edges about 40 fxs after the
striking instant.
The data of high-frequency photography and flash x-ray recording lead to the
following conclusions concerning the behavior of the strengthened silicate glass
under high-velocity impact loading conditions.
• The projectile is eroded on the front surface of the strengthened glass plate
without penetrating it, i.e., the glass plate acts as an “absolutely rigid
wall.” This kind of behavior is accounted for the fact that the stresses
induced by the projectile impact do not exceed contact tensile strength of
the treated plate.
• No opposing fracture takes place in the strengthened glass plate as the
tensile stresses on the rear plate surface induced by the reflection of the
stress wave do not exceed the tensile strength of the treated glass.
• Fracture of the strengthened plate nucleates at its side edges as there are
rough defects on the edges, which can not be completely removed by the
treatment. The fracture occurs much later after decelerating the projectile
down to zero velocity (full stop of the projectile on the plate front surface).
Quite apparently, the above mechanism for the strengthened glass can be
realized provided that velocity - dependent stresses do not exceed the strength of
the glass, i.e., within a definite impact velocity range. Otherwise, the impact
behavior of the treated glass does not differ from that of the untreated glass.
Р е з ю м е
Проведено порівняння поведінки необробленого скла і скла, що було оброб-
л є н є плавиковою кислотою. Установлено фактори, що визначають високі балістичні характеристики зміцненого скла.
1. F. F. Vitman, G. S. Pugachev, and V. P. Puckh, “High-strength glass,” Steklo
i Keramika, No. 9, 12 - 14 (1965).
2. H. Schardin and W. Struth, “Hochfrequenzphotographische Untersuchung
des Glasbruchvorgangs,” Glastech. Berichte, 16, No. 7, 219 (1938).
3. A. B. Sinani, G. S. Pugachev, Yu. A. Emel’yanov, et al., “Use of
high-hardness materials in light armor,” Vopr. Oboron. Tekh., 1-2, No. 5, 14
- 19 (1996).
4. M. L. Wilkins, C. F Cline, and C. A. Honodel, “Fourth progress report of
light armor program,” in: Lawrence Radiation Lab. Reports, UCRL-50694
(1969).
R eceived 14. 11. 2001
ISSN 0556-171X. Проблемы прочности, 2002, № 3 85
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-46798 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0556-171X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:38:50Z |
| publishDate | 2002 |
| publisher | Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Vlasov, A.S. Zilberbrand, E.L. Kozhushko, A.A. Kozachuk, A.I. Sinani, A.B. 2013-07-06T18:39:10Z 2013-07-06T18:39:10Z 2002 Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact / A.S. Vlasov, E.L. Zilberbrand, A.A. Kozhushko, A.I. Kozachuk, A.B. Sinani // Проблемы прочности. — 2002. — № 3. — С. 82-85. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 0556-171X https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/46798 539.4 The aim of this work was to compare the behavior of untreated glass and glass treated by hydrofluoric acid, as well as to determine factors controlling high ballistic characteristics of the strengthened glass. Проведено сравнение поведения необработанного стекла и стекла, подвергнутого обработке плавиковой кислотой. Установлены факторы, определяющие высокие баллистические характеристики упрочненного стекла. Проведено порівняння поведінки необробленого скла і скла, що було оброблене плавиковою кислотою. Установлено фактори, що визначають високі балістичні характеристики зміцненого скла. en Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України Проблемы прочности Научно-технический раздел Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact Поведение упрочненного стекла при высокоскоростном ударном нагружении Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact Vlasov, A.S. Zilberbrand, E.L. Kozhushko, A.A. Kozachuk, A.I. Sinani, A.B. Научно-технический раздел |
| title | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact |
| title_alt | Поведение упрочненного стекла при высокоскоростном ударном нагружении |
| title_full | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact |
| title_fullStr | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact |
| title_full_unstemmed | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact |
| title_short | Behavior of Strengthened Glass under High-Velocity Impact |
| title_sort | behavior of strengthened glass under high-velocity impact |
| topic | Научно-технический раздел |
| topic_facet | Научно-технический раздел |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/46798 |
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