Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4
Интенсивность гидротермальной деятельности в океане и, соответственно, количество поставляемых в зону седиментации компонентов контролируются масштабами подводного вулканизма, которые детерминируются объемами новообразованной базальтовой коры. В позднем эоцене до границы с олигоценом регистрируются...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2008 |
| Автор: | |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Російська |
| Опубліковано: |
Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України
2008
|
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/56543 |
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 / И.М. Варенцов // Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана. — 2008. — № 1. — С. 79-94. — Бібліогр.: 68 назв. — рос. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859866663422263296 |
|---|---|
| author | Варенцов, И.М. |
| author_facet | Варенцов, И.М. |
| citation_txt | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 / И.М. Варенцов // Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана. — 2008. — № 1. — С. 79-94. — Бібліогр.: 68 назв. — рос. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана |
| description | Интенсивность гидротермальной деятельности в океане и, соответственно, количество поставляемых в зону седиментации компонентов контролируются масштабами подводного вулканизма, которые детерминируются объемами новообразованной базальтовой коры. В позднем эоцене до границы с олигоценом регистрируются максимальные для кайнозоя скорости спрединга океанического дна, с реорганизацией осевых зон и соответствующей вулканической, гидротермальной активностью, сопровождавшимися поступлением в морскую воду гигантских количеств Ca, CH₄, CO₂, Si, Mn, Fe и ассоциирующих компонентов.
Інтенсивність гідротермальної діяльності і, відповідно, кількість компонентів, які постачаються в зону седиментації, контролюються масштабами підводного вулканізму, що визначаються об’ємами новоствореної базальтової кори. За пізнього еоцену до межі з олігоценом реєструються максимальні для кайнозою швидкості спредингу океанічного дна, з реорганізацією осьових зон і відповідною вулканічною та гідротермальною активністю з супровідним надходженням у морську воду гігантської кількості Ca, CH₄, CO₂, Si, Mn, Fe і асоціюючих компонентів.
The scale of oceanic hydrothermal activity and amount of components supplied into the zone of sedimentation are determinated with volume of the neoformed oceanic lithosphere. It is significant that in the interval from Late Eocene to the Eocene/Oligocene boundary were registered the highest in Cenozic spreading rates: exceded to over two times the Oligocene-Holocene valutes. The processes was followed by the flux into ocean huge amount of Mn, Fe and the associated components. The Mn ore accumulation occurred in the shelf-littoral Paratethys basins as a result of supply of deep waters, rich in Mn from anoxic cattle-like basins. These metal-bearing waters were displaced by the more dense oceanic waters invaded by the subglobal Rupelian transgression.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:48:42Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
?1.M. Baperqon o ICPVilHEr{IIIIm MAPTAHI{EBbIE MECTOPO]I{]IIIil4E IIAPATEII,ICA: CJfEACIBI{.fl...
YAK 553.32.323:551.(470)
H.llI. BapeHrIoBl
KpynHEraIIIIan MAPTAHuEBbIE MECTOPOITCAEHT4fl
NAPATETIICA: CJIEACTBITfl TEOIPIHAMUIIECKITX
rr rrMfrAKTHbrx coBbrTrlfi Ha PvBElrcE aoIIEH/
oJrprrorlEH.
9acrr 4. Ieoxnur{rrecnr,rfi aS$ercr rroABoArroft
rrrApoTepMaJrbrrofi aKTilBrrocru MnpoBoro oKeaHa
Ha rrpr{Mepe Mn, Fe u accoquilpyroqux aJreMerrroB.
Ieneauc (Mo4enn $oprunpoBaur{ff Mn pyg).
Sarnro.renrle.
Hrumerucuerdocmb au}pomepnananoit 1e,nmenaruoctnu 6 ofiearde rr, coorn'
6erncrrl6eH.Ho, rconu.uecftlao nocmaalr,eernbltc 6 goldA ce}unenmaquu IeoMnoHeH'
nxo6 TeovftLpoJlup7nnca. Macrutnadanu no\eo/aoeo aAJneaHuawa, rcon'Lopate 0e'
m ep Mu HupA pm c,fl odz e na nu n o ao o 6p as oo annoit. 6 a s anamo aoit. rc opa t. B n o s 0 ne n
eou,eHe 0o epanutqat c oJlueoqeHow peaucrnpupywnon Ma.rccutwanaruarc )na rcait-
Ho3on crcopocmu cnpe\uuza orceavuvecrcoao 7rua, c peopeaHuaa4ueit ocelblxc
sord u coon'Laerlcnxaynt4eil. aAJlrto.tduvecrcoil., eu/pomepuanaruoit arcn'LuaHocrnbn,
conpoaotc1aauruMuc,n noemanneHueJw 6 rt4opetryn ao}y zueannl,crcu3c rconavectn?
Ca, CHn, COz, Si, Mn, Fe u accoquupAnryux ttotwnoveHtnoa.
Arcrcynynaqua Mn pyl npoucxo1una e wenaQoebtx-nurnopanuruam o6'
cffLaHolvax 1acceiutoa If apamemuca s pnAnbnarne nocnl7nneHua any6utt'
ruorJc, 6o?amam Mn (II ) u pacnxaopeHruatu Coo, ao} uS aaorcCudaaLxc soru tcorn'
JLo7uHrlblx eo\oewoa. gmu enyduHt+ble eo\ar,ioAepmau4ue npeuwAt4ectnaeHtro
mpancQopnaponaH.H.ble rcoJvlnoveHrnat eu1pomepnananoil, npupo|ar, BblttecH&-
nuca 6onee nJromHbltwu orceavcreurtu eod&nu, noctnAnaeuruJwu ecneAcm.eue
Jwrro e o ane nxnoft z n o 6 anunoit' p n ne na c rc oit mp aH c e p e c cuu.
BseAeHlre
fIOsHaHue npoficxo)Ic Ae;fL?Ifi., trpllpoAbl pyAIIbIx KoMrIoHeHToB I,I IeHerI{-
.recrcort Mo,qeJrn py4oo6paaoBagr4s ,EBJrJrercJr BeHqoM l{ccJreAoBanfifi e orofi
Merrc,qficqrrn.nunapuofi npo6leine.
Crarrn trpe.qcraBJlffer saKJIIoqIITeJIbHyn qacTb cepl1u ny6.nrnmaq,ufi no
(poplrzponaHrrro rr4raHTcrcr{x parrHeoJr?IrolleHoBbrx MapraHqepyAHblx MecTo-
pox4enrafi flapareruca B ,rcypgane III?IMO [3, 4, 5, 6]. B arofi pafiore rpe4-
nprdHffTa 1rorrblTrca rloABeAerrl,tfi r,IroroB rraurfix 6o.nee parrn]rx ucc.rregonanufi
[7, 8, 66], n paMKax coBpeMerrHbrx AaHrrbrx, flosBoJrffrorqrrx cylqecrBer{Fo pac-
rrII4pI4Tb fipe]IcHrte npe,qcTaB Jrer{tr,fi .
@II.M. Bapenqoa
1 feo;rorra'recruft llncrntyr Poccnficxoft Arcageuur'r Hayx, Mocma.
79
IEOJIOTI{fl I4 IIOJIESHbIE ITCKOIIAEMbIE MI{POBOTO OHEAHA
1. Ieoxuun.recrcfifi aQ$err uognognofi rryporepmamnofi 'arerrnBrrocrr.r
Mupoeoro onearra Ha rrpuMepe Mn, Fe u accoqfiupyroqnx eJreMenroB.
1.1. IeoxuMr.rtrecrclre oco6eunocnr Mupororo oneaua y rpauurrhr oo4eu/
oJrr{roqefi B Hcropr{u Sanepoao*
leonorr.rqecxue co6srrr,r,fi EoqeHosorl fi oJrrrroueuosofi anox BbrAeJrffJrr,rcb
r ncropura Sanepoaoe Bbrpal*cennrrm ceoeo6paaueM rercroHr,rqecxoro paoBu-
TlIg, rtJrurMaraLr ce.qr,IMeuTaqrau. Onr,r AerepMI4Ht4poBaJrtI BaMerlrble paoJr[Errfi
xr,rMwrrecxoro cocraBa no4rr MnpoBoro oreaga (ee.nrauraurr orHorrreHr{fr Mgl
Ca, CO* Mn lr pffAa Apyrr4x noMrroneuroe) arr{x g[ox, rITo onpeAeJrerrrrblM
o6paeonn orpaorrJrocs ua o6qenn, r.rto6amHoM npoqecce ce4fi Meuralllrr4.
fI.A. Cen46epr [56] rra ocrroBe o6o6u{enrafi r4MeroilIuxcfl Mr,rpoBbrx .qau-
rrblx no MlrnepaJlor'ilu nepBr4rrnbrx Mopcxlrx rtap6orraroB (oonutoe, pauurax
rIeMeHToB I{ HaxonJrenufi, croitterrrrbrx rrecxeJlerurruu 6raorerrnbrMrr ocrarrca-
mr), nogpaoAeJrrlJr Sanepoeoficxlrfi aon Ha fiJrrb Kpyfirrbrx rno6anrnrrx qrrx-
.noe. B fix rrucro Bxo,q,Er ABa qr{KJra (annao4a), B Tetresfie Koropbrx n Mrapo-
Bor\( oxeaue AoMr,rnrrpoBaJrur o6crauonrcra, 6narouplrffTcrByroque orJrorrceul,rn
rap6ouaroB KaJrbrlr4roBoro cocraBa: or nen6pwff Ao KoHqa panaero rcap6ona
(uanrrop, rrJrrr KoHerI Mr,rccllccrrncrcoft enoxu) n or noo,4rrero rppraca (pannefi
ropsr) Ao parrHero/cpe4uero nafinosos (aorlena). C arralrz "$arbqfiToBbrMu"
OIII,ISOAAMIT qEPEAYIOTCg TPTI q?IKJIA, B TEqCHI,IC KOTOPbIX TOCNOACTBOBTIJII{ YC-
.n6rraa, cuoco6crnyroulrde ocalrc4enuro aparon?rra - Mg KaJrbtrr,rra: or rloa,qne-
ro 4oxevr6pr,rff ,qo paunero ,rceu6pus; or noBAHeft xannennoyronrnofi arroxra
(noagnac Mr{ccrccr{ncxafi efioxa) go pannefi ropu; or paunero/cpeguero xaft-
HoBoff (orzroqena) 4o uacrofirrlero BpeMeHI,I.
B 6o;ree noa,qnefi pa6ore JI.A. Xap.qr [35] rroxaaauo, qro nepfioAbr "apa-
rourrroBbrx" lropefi crrnxpour,ranpyrlrcfi c rlHTepBaJraMI{ HarcofiJrerrfis MgSOn
aBarlopllTos s o6nacrgx KouTrruerrraJrbublx oxpar.rn, a nepuo,4br "Karbq[To-
BbIx" Mo-pefi - c KCl onanopr.rraMr{. ?furepea.nrr EaxorlJreu}rff Taxr{x conefi
rpyrrrbr MgSOn, Karc norr?rrarrvrr (2CaSOoKrSOoMgSO 42H2A) fi rcl4cepr,Ir
(MgSOr) r,raBecrHbr B noaAHeM 4orceu6pur (een4e), paHHeM (rvrnccraccnrrcxas
anoxa) r4 rroaArreM (nencra;reancxa,fi eroxa) rap6one, [epMr{, M}IoqeHe r4 B
qerBep"ffiHoM rrepr4oAe" Oura rrepeAyrorc.fi c nepfioAaMr,r orJror{cenus co.nefi runa
KCI: clurrern (KCl) (npu orcyrcrBr{r{ co"rreft rpynrrbr MgSOa), paoBrrrbrx or
xeirn6pas ,4o parrHero rap6oira (mr,recrcci,trrcKafi anoxa) rr or ropbl ,qo rlaJreore-
ua (eo4eu). flo,qo6Hrie "rapuble", coulacoBaurrbre Bo BpeMeHr{ rraMelrenlrff
xraMlrolrra oxeancxoft Bo,qbr, xap6onar:oB Ir HaxorrJleurafi seanopr{ToB rra oxpar{-
Hax r(ouTrrnerrroB Moryr 6rrrr uenporuBopeqfieo o6rscuerrbr ftaK peayJrbrarbr
reoxpoHoJrorrrqecr{r4 AJr}rreJrbuhrx Bap}raqrrfi (uopagrca 100-200 mnn. .ner) no,4-
no4uofi rrrAporepMa.nrnofi axrrlBuocrx MrEpororo oftearra. Taxne ocqr4JrJr.fi-
rlr,rrd AerepMraurrpyror AoJrroBpeMenrrble cABvItu BeJrr,rqrru CO, ornorueuua Mg/
Ca,,xonqenrpaqufi uoua SOu2-, M[, accoqrrupyroqux MeraJrJroB rr pfi.qa Apy-
rlrx rcoMnoHeHToB rvropcxofi BoAbr. flocaeAur,re, B cBoro oqepeAb, npeAorrpe4e-
JIfiIorcff prgMeueu?rfiMr{ crcopocrefi cnpe4r,rnra B oceBbrx Bouax cpeAr4rruoorce-
aHcKT4x xpe6ror. flpr no4o6rroM rroBbrmenru gHAorennofi axTr,rBnocrr{ ocrroB-
Haff rracrb Mg lropcxoft ro4rr pacxo,4yercfi rrpu FrrAporepMaJrbubrx ?rgMeEerrlr-
ffx fiopoA 6aaamroeoro cJro,fi B npoqecce ux cMercrrrruaaqrrr.
80
I{.M. Baperrron o KPVIIHEI4IIII{E MAPIA}II{EBbIE MECTOPO}ICAEHI4fl IAPATE*IIICA: CJIEACTB]Ifi...
1.2. Ponr rroABoArrofi rr{AporepMaJrbuoft arcrr{Buocru MrlpoBoro oneana
B reoxHMrru Mn, Fe u accoquupyrcryrrx EJTeMeHToB
?Irorra [poBeAeurrbrx B Terreurre nocJreAu]rx Aec.fiTprJrerr4fi zccnegoaaurafi
no4no4noft rr4,4porepMaJrbuofi,qe,fiTeJlbuocrn Mrponoro oxeaua cBla,4ereJrbcrBy-
Ior o r{,apAr,rnaJrbroM Bos.qeficrBr4vr orvrx gnneuufi Ha reoxtrMrttlecrl{e, 6noxw-
MlrqecKlre fipoqeccbr.
B ocrbrBaroqlrx cBeffifix 6asaarrax, npoAyqlapyeMbrx fiprr cnpeAlznre, B
peayJrbrare r,rlrrerrcr4Buoro o6pasoBaHrrff TpeIqrIH I4 paBJIoMoB coaAalorcfi ycJro-
B?rfl AJrg qrdpxyJrffrlun nprrAouubrx Bo,q. Cyrquocm raxoro xrrMrrqecroro Baarr-
MoAeficrBraJr gaxJlroqaercfi B ToM, qro I4B pearfipyroqefi uopcrcofi Bo4hr yAaJrtr-
rorc.fi Marnvrit- u cynr$ar- voHbr, a o6paeyroqufica yJlbrpaxrtclrrfi ru4porep-
lransurrfi pacrBop (pH : 2 - 4) o6orartraetcfi KaJrbqaeM, fiaJrr4eM, KpeMHeBe-
MoM, lrceJreaoM, MapranqeM 14 p,trAoM accoql4l,rpyblrlux aJIeMeHToB ll4, 16,24,
25, 647. Plccnegoraulrfi, rrpore4enubre lra np?rpoAnrrx oOtenrax' p{ a}ccfiepfi-
uesra.nrurre AaHHbIe rroxaobrBaror, rrro yAaJIeHr,Ie r{ouoB Mg2* rae vlopcxofi
BoAbr co[poBo]rcAaercff o6vrenunwr nocryrrJreu]reM B r?I,qporepMalrnrrfi Snrc-
r{A ogBrrBaJreuTrrbrx KoJrrrrecrB I,IoHoB Ca2+, rrrrqerarruBaeMbrx IaB 6aeanrros
[21", 501. Irlueuno B neprroAbr "Karbqr4ToBbrx" Mopeft, npu reuepaqafi rparrAlr-
oggbrx o6reuros 6aga.nrrorsrx nuroc$epnblx rrdIlIT, Mraponofi oxean crauoBrrJl-
cJr rrJrarrerapnbrM peaepByapom Mn !r Apyrax rfi)fieJllrx MeraJIJIoB.
flpo4yxruBrtrocrb rlrAporepMa.rrnofi cr{creMbr Mlrpoeoro or6ea11a, 1rpexrc-
Ae Bcero (orcono 90 %), gerepuruupoBaga regepaquefi n cpegrHIIbIX xpe6-
rax, Bouax ocTpoBo,qyrlcuoro c[peAT4IIIa, ropsqfix roqrqax 6asanrrog (1200-
1400" C), macca KoTopblx, nprl coBpeMeHHbIx c6opocrfix crpeAIIHIa (Puc. 1)'
oqegrrBaeTcff pfiAoM aBTopoB, rrcnoJrbsyroqllx paaJrrrtluhre MeTo,4br, 6nnaxuluu
Berrtrr4llaMra: (0,92 - 1,38) ' L016 l'roni-r f261,5,6 ' 1016 ?'ron'-t, B ocrpoBubrx
Ayfax 3,5 ' 10-is a'rog'L[14, 15] ;l,.nu 4 ' 1"016 a'rog-r, a B aKrr{Brrblx oKealrcKrrx
oKpavHax - I . 1015 e.ro,q-l [67]. Errcero4no B npoqecc ri,rAporepMaalnoft
rlrrp1xyJlffqrrrr B oceBbrx Bogax oKeaua BoBJIeKaerca (1,3-9) ' 10tt e f68f, utn
(1,5 * 0,4) ' LOLT e oxeascxoft BoAbr [37]. flpuuepHo 3a oAr'rH MrIH. Jrer B
ramofi ct4creMe raAporepMa.nrnoft qrrpr{yJlfqr{u rlpxurrMaer }ruacrl4e Korr4rle-
cTBo BoAbI, paBIIoe o6relrty MraponorO oneaua f371, unyr, no ApyII'IM oqeHKaM'
Bcff BoAa Mrponoro oxeaua rrporcarruBaerclr rrepes r.nobanruyro rlrAporepMaJrb-
Hyro cIIcTeMy, IlepexoAs IIpIa groM B r?IAporepMallnrrft S;rron4, Oa 3-8 m.iin.
ner [16, 17]. Ho, HapflAy c co6crseggo rr{Aporeprra;rrnofi q}rpgyJrfiqnefi s
rpaHtrqax c[cTeMbI, B rlacTHoct]I ftaMep I4 8OH pa3Fpy3KI4, CJIeAyeT TaK]Ke
yrrr.rrbrBarb cKopocrrr o6uena HrO rvleucgy uantnefi I{ fioBepxHocrrrblMr{ pesep-
ByapaMII [38]. IIo pacqeTaM erllx aBropoB' rpfi rI,IAporepMaJIbHoM I'IsMeHe-
Hrru oxeaucrxofi Kopbl, e oco6euuogTtril, rryryroulaqec6rlx uopog r'r cy64yxqalt
ocaAKoB, B BepxHIoIO MaIITI{IO e}IceroAIIO rrocTyrraeT 9r7 x l}la Z HrO. O4uaro
c6opocrb BooBparrroro [pI{BHoca HrO }rB MaHTIrtr,r BcJreAcrBpre MarMarrr3Ma B
gouax Cy6Ay6qru coilocraBl,IMa c MacCOft H2O, BbIAeJIffIoIqeftcr npra MaIMa-
TlrBMe B BoHax cpeArrnrrooxeaurrrrecxrax xpe6roB, cocraBJlrrff oKoJIo 10% ot
BBe.4errubrx uplr cy6Ay rittpur4 K oJrr{qecrB. IIpn BbrcoKoreMlrepatypnolvr (oro;ro
300-400'C) rr,rgporepMaJrbHoM r4BMeHeHrrr.I6asartron rpoucxoAplr BbIHoc psAa
ynoMr4rrraBrrrrrxcs Bbrure KoMIIOHerrToB, Korl{rrecTBo Koropblx coctasnser or 8
81
TEOJIOTI4fi I4 NOJIESHbIE I4CKOIAEMbIE M}IPOBOTO OITEAHA
Ao 16 % or uaccbr fiopo,qbr [L3, 60, 61]. 9xcuepr.rMeuraJrbubre uccJre,4oBarrr4s
[33, 34] cBr,r.qereJrbcrByror, qro B noAo6nrrx rpoqeccax rrprt TeMrreparype 500'C
cyqecTBeHHa,fi poJrb, AeTepMr,IHr,Ipyrcqa.fi BbIHoc KoMnoHeHroB, fipprHa,qJrerfir4r
BeJrlrqraue oruorrreur,rff Mopcrafi noga / [opoAa. Haupramep, B ar]rx ycJroBr{sx
za 6asanrroBoro crercJra nprr ornorrrenvwr BaEa / uopo4a paBHoM 5 esruocrarcs
35 % rranaqaJrbnoro Mn , a rpfi ornolrleur.rlr oxoJro 50 - lo 100% Mn. B
fiprrpoAHbrx AuHaMrtrecK]rx, qrpKyJraqHoHEbrx rr{ApoTepMaJrbHbrx c}rcTeMax
BeJrratr[Ha ornorrregrrfi BoAa / uopo4a o6u.rgo cocraBJrser 20:t [26, 621,
flpnne4euuble ,qalrnble fioxaabrBaror, rITo r,rnTeucrrBlrocrb r,I orccrencr.rB-
Hocrb rl4.qporepMa.rrnoft ,qe,fiTeJrbuocrr/r B oxeaue lI, coorBercrBeuuo, KoJII4qe-
CTBO IOCTaBJIJI€MbIX B SOHy CeAI4MOHTA{UI4I HOMIIOHeHTOB KOHTpOJII4pyeTCff MaC-
rura6auu lto,qBo4noro ByJrKaHXBMa, Koropble, KaK orMeqarocb, flpe?rMyrrlecrBeu-
rro .qerepMr{Hr,rpyrcrcff o6reuavrr noroo6paeonansofi 6aaamroeofi roprr. 9rra
fipoqeccbr, rJraBrrbrM o6paaom, KouTpoJlplpylorcff Berrdrrr,ruauu cnopocreft crpe-
Ar.rura oceBbrx sou (Pnc.1), a xoroprrx trpo.qyqupyercff ocrroBnafi Macca oxearr-
cxofi .nuroc$epu ll9, 54,551. Baxuo rro,4qepxnyrb, rrro B ooqeue per[c"prpy-
rorcff Maficr{MaJrbubre 4na xafiuooorr cnopocrr oxeaucxoro cnpeAr{nra (ne me-
Hee, qeM n 1,5 - 2 paea Bbrrfie, qeM ofiurorleue - roJroqene (Plrc. 2, 3'), c
peoprarlraaqneft oceBbrx Borr r4 coorBercrByroqefi Byrnaur,rtrecxoft, il,rAporep-
nna.rrnofi axTrrBrrocrbro, conpoBorrcAaBlrrrrxcfi rrocryn.rleur{eM B Mopcxylo BoAy
rr'rranTcxrrx Korfiqecrs Ca, CO, Si, Mn, Fe u Apyrux KoMrror{eHToB.
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Prc. l. Koppe,raqun BcrpeqaeMocrtr ruAporep-
u.argnoft aKTnBHocrIr It cnopocrn cnpeAnnra.
Ocessre :onrr: CAX- Cpegnxno-Ar.nanrnqecnnft
xpe6et, XA@- noasotnrrfi xpe6er Xyan ge (Dylca,
BTII- Bocroqno-Tuxoorceascxoe nogxffTrre, [19].
,, . , O,4naKo, rrpr{Hr,rMa,E B rIeJroM, c
{QB€CrI{T-IMII yIIpOuIeHI{fiMIzt, IIOJIoTKe-
EI4€,;,tIrO KoppeJlfiql{f i CKopOcrefi
errpeAnHra B sorrax cpe.4rrHHooKeaHr4-
rrecrc.nx xpe6ron rd Macrura6oB rr,rApo-
TepMaJIbIIOfi aXTTZSHOCTI{ r4MeeT Xa-
82
Puc. 2..{narpanua renTonnrrecrofi arcrunnocru
3en,lrR ca rrocJre,rlxlle 155 u;ru, ir. Iloralanrr ilsMe-
Henne cnopocru uaparqr{Baunr oneanuqecrofi
nopu (nr2) no Auranruqecrouy (1), I{nanficrcomy
(2), Tuxoruy orceauaru (3) n rcynryr.rrrnBrrafl AnarpaM-
Ma AJIn Muponoro oreaua, B qeJroM, (4). A - rpr-
Bas MnpoBbrx rpaucrpeccufi u perpeccufi [f1,651.
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I{.M. BAPCHUOE ' HPYTII{EfiIII?IE MAPTA}IIIEBbIE MEUTOMHCAETII4fl I]APATRII4CA: CJIE,4CTBI{fl..,
1-*
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fls 8t! g*
I*ir1'rru$r, id-tu. '4x"
Prc. 3. llruesegile cpeAgsx cropocrefi cnpe4usra B cesegfioft qacru T[xoro oreaHa (nuepxy) l| ceBep-
nofi qacru Auauruqecroro oKeaua (onury) c rosr-cptEt&exlpcroro BpeMeltu Ao coBpeMeHnocru [52].
paxTep o6rqefi rJro6aJrbnoft rerAenqur{,,eJre4yer orMerIITb, rITo (rca6 ycranoB-
JreHo B pe3yJlbraTe l43yqeHr4fi p,fi,qa KJrloneBblx o6beKToB) IloAodHbre rrpoqeccbr
KOHTpOJIpIpyIOTcff Tartfie pfiAoM I{HbIx BattrrrefiIrrllx SaKrOpoB. ilper$Ae Bcerg,
cJreAyer fio,qqepxgyrb, rrro rrpoqeccbt Bhrn{erarrrBarrT4g 6asa$rouAHblx Mare-
pr,raJroB MOpcKofi BoAOfi B IIIupoKoM AIaanaSOEe TeMIIepaTyp I'I AaBJIeHufi Hoc'fT
TorroxI,IMI,IqecKI4fi xapaxTep. ?Inrrnnlt CJIOBAMII, rrpn rtpotluX:pBBHIIX ycJIoBI4-
fix, KorlztrrecrBo BbrHoclfMbrx KoMIroEeEToB orlpe,4eJr,fierc,fi' rJraBrrblM o6paaou,
Berr{qr,Igofi pea6ql{oulrofi rroBepxnosTl'l rsepAofi @aarr [1]. 9ro roJlotrcenl'Ie
[orytrpTJro noArBep]KAeHr{e B pe3yJrbrarax $2-ro peftca F.C. "Lnomap tIeJIJrer{-
,4)rcep", DSDP, uo [porpaMMe KoToporo s6rJr fipo$ypeu cy6u?rporgbl1f rrpo-
$ra.nr B pafioge L9'ro.m. Bocro.ruo-Traxoorceancrcoro rroAutrrr'rff [42]. Hayquofi
KoMaHAoftAaHEoropeftca[oI{aBaHo'lIT0sIrI,ISoAbIrl{ApoTepMtMbHofiaKTfiB.
rrocTl4, KOf,4a cKopocTl4 HaKOnJIeffI{fi $ceJleBol}yAllbix - MapIaHqepyAHbIX Me-
TaJIJIOHOCHbIX OeanKoB IIpeBbIIUaIoT coBpe$F-eEEbIe SHarIeHI',Ifl B flffTb - AecflTb
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83
|EOJIOTIIff I,T NOJIESHbIE I4CKONAEMbIE MITPOBOIO O}CEAHA
pa3, He cBrrSaHbr c sryrcTyaqrrflMr,r cKopocTeft c[peAr4Hla, a cooTBeTcrByroT
nepr4oAaM cKaqKoo6pasHoro IlepeMerr{eHrrff oceBbrx 3oH xpeoroB r,r reKToHrr-
IIECKOft PEOPTAHI,ISAq'II{ AI,IBEPTCHTHbIX }I TPAITCSOPMHbIX NJII{THbIX TPAHi{q. B
grr,I [ep?IoAbI lrpoftcxogl{Jro Soprvraponanue o6urzpnbrx Borr rerTour{rrecxoro
4po6aerua, ra noroo6paaoBaHHble rIJIouIa.qIr peaxqaonrrbrx rroBepxnocrefi 6a-
BaJrbroB yBeruqnBarlrcb Ha Mrroro rroprr,qxoB 145,461.
flpra rra4porepMaJlbuorvr upeo6paaoBanr{u 6asamroe uuporoft orceancroft
pntlronofi crlcreMbl (nporamenuocrbro 6oaee 70 rrrcsq xnn) r coBpeMeuHbrx cxo-
pocrffx cnpe.qrrnra B orear rrocrynaer Mn: oxono 0,14 . 1013 z.roA-1 [68] "nra6o 0.8
' 1013 e'rog-r [67]. grra BeJrrrqI4HbI cyqecrBenrro rrlrrrce rreAaBrrfix oqerrox o6rlero
rr{AporepMaJrbnoro npr4Bnoca: 685 ' 1013 e'ro4-l [29], xoropbre corJracyrorcs c
6oaee paurrr,rMr{ pacqeraMr,r [30]. A"ir,tr cpaBrreur{rr, o6rqrnfi saroeofi cror Mn s
Mnpoaofi oreaa cocraBJraer: 27 ' LDtsero4-r 127, 301. Har6oJrbrrrafi rracrb Mn r
Ca, naxoA,rrrlfixcff B cocraBe rraAporepMaJrblroro rutefiSa, Ha Bcex crarqr,rffx pas-
BI,ITrrs crrcreMbr, EepexoAr{r B Mopcxyro ro4y (4o 95 -98 %), yqacrsyff B rrpoqec-
ce Mr,rrpaqfir,r HapffAy c gxaorefirrbrMr4 KoMrroHeHTaMr,r s buoxuMrqecxr,rx, @uan-
Ko-xnMuqecxux npeo6paaoBanr,rffx, B qacruocrrr - Mr,rnepaJroo6paaonauuu. ?Ix-
AffKaropaurr ]rx rrr,qporepMaJrbrrofi npupogrr, HarrprrMep, Mn, Moryr 6rrrr ano-
MaJrbHo Bblcofire (r paftonax 4efictnyrorqrrx rr,rAporepM rrpeabrruaroulrre Sono-
BbIe BrrarreHws. Ao 1000 - 10 000 paa) ronqelrrpaqr{rl B oreaucrdofi no,qe u/nxn
peaxo rroBbrmeurrbre cxopocrrr aKryMyJrflqur{ B oca,qnax [L6, L7, .L8,2t,22,25,
28, 487. Hanprarvrep, n Traxou oreane rr4AporepMaJrbubre Mn anouarrrlr B rvropc-
roft noge trpocJrelrcr{Bax)rcfl 6onee qeM rra 1000 ru or lrcroqurrra. flpr,r pasrpys-
Ke rr{,qporepMaJrbuoro $.urouga ra ero cMerrrenran c lropcxofi no4oft, B BaBrrcr{Moc-
Ttr or cooruolrreHr,rfi nnorsocrefi atnx pacrBopoB, rra oKeaHcKoM AHe o6rr.rao
(popivrrapyercfi rrrralarculr.rfi urrefi(p (nurovr) [43]. Taxoft nnrovr Mo]r(er BcnJrbr-
BaTb, rro.qHraMaTbcff Ha AecffTKr,r, Ao eoTeE MeTpoB Ha,4 MotrrcKfiM AHoM Ao ypoBHs
nefirpa.nrnofi uraryrecrr{, rAe on o6pasyer orserJrr,rBbrft rugporpaSrqecfiuft c.nofi,
pacflpocrpan,nrorqufica Ha AecffTKfi Ao MHorrIx rbrcrrq Kr,rJroMerpoB or rrcroqur,r-
ra, flpu aroM fiporcxograr pas6ar.lrenue rr,IAporepMaJrrHoro S.rroraga mopcrcoft
rogoft, qarrle Bcero, trprrMepxo B coorxorrrenan 1:104-105. Ilorqmepr{o4 r{axo}rd-
AeHlrE Fe (II) B pacrBope Ao ocalrc,qeuraff cocraBnaer 2 - 3 maxymr. rlacruqrr
oxcllrn4poxcu4oB 'rceJlega orrr,rqarorcs cnoco6nocrbp noilrorqenrdg raxr4x anr.ro-
HoB, KaK HPO42', CrO42-, VO42-, a raxlrce peArdr,re seMJrr,r (PBA). Baserrrernrre
(poprrrr Mn oncrarzApoxc?rAoB ocatfiAarorcff BuasrrreJrbrro MeAJreurre€1 rrperM5r:
Ir{ecrBenrro r nefirpa.nrnofi qactr ulaBarorqero rIJIIoMa,.rAe, K€rrc [paBI4Jro, flpo-
ra0xo4ur o$r{cJrerrge c )ruacrr4eM 6axrepuft. B csggu c nprsxoft cxopocrbxr oxr{c-
Jrerl;vlfi' Boapacrarrfie fiorrr{euTpaquft raneureurroro Mn s urroMe o6rr.rno rrpo}rc-
xoArIT rra or.qaJreur{r4, Mancr{rvrpr, 80-150 xlr or rr,r4porepMaJrbnoro ncrorrurra;
80:% rr,4porepMaJrbnoro Mn oca,$Aaercrr Ha AHe Mopff B rrpeAeJrax EecfioJrbr(rrx
coien Kr4JroMerpoB or rrrAporepMaJrbrroro lroJrs, rro ocralrrrflftcg Mn HaxoAr{Tc,fi B
r(oJrl,TrrecrBax, Koropbre B HecnoJrbno paa rrpeBbrruaror $ononrre Kouqerrrpar{}Irr
aJIeMeHTa r nopcrcoft roge [41]. Bpervra HaxorftAerrus co6crseuro rr{AporepMaJrb-
noro Mn a :vropcxoft Bo,qe cocraBJrffer HecKoJIbKo Jrer, 6ea y.rera 6noreoxrauuqec-
KI'rx, ceAlaMenToJrorrrlecfir,rx rpanc$opuaqnilt u peqnxJrranla B xoAe oxeauorpa-
(pnuecxofi lrcropr.rn gToro MeraJrJra.
84
I,I.M. BAPCqOS O ITPVIIIIEftIIIIUTE MAPTAIIIIEBbIE MECTOPO]IfiEHI4g IIAPATE"N4CA: CJIEACTBI'I,'I...
Orwreralr, rrro Korrrr,IHeHTaJIbHbIfi ctox Mn s oKearr cocraBJl,fler: pacrBo-
peuurrft - 0,401 ' l-012 a tory'r rr BBBerueHHbrfi - 2,04 . 1.013 e'ro,q'l [1S].
Cor.nacno cpaBrrrrreJrbno He,4aBrrnM oqeunau o6rqero fipr,rBuoca percaMrr Mn s
oxeau era BeJrr{qrrua eocraBJrs.er'.27'1013 e'r.oq'r [27, 30]. EcJru ocHosuas
qacTb KoMIIoHeHTOB BbrIrOCrrTCfi BbrCOKOTeMnepaTypHbIMr,r rlrApOTepMaJrbHbI-
Mlr pacrBopaMr{, B qacrnocrr,r, 6oree 60 % Mn u Cal48l, ro KornqecrBo arr{x
KoMrtoHeHToB, rrocryrraprqr4x B oxearr ilp]r raJlbMl{poJrr.rrrarrecxrax npeo6paeo-
Baur,r:rx 6aaamroa, AocrarorrHo orrlyrrrMo: Mn - 0,79 ' 1012 e r.og'r. Ca -
(0.8-18,7) ' 1013 trog't (nprannrvraercff, qro roABoAHoe BbrBerprrBaurae pac-
rrpocrpau,Eercfi B Erlrx iropoAax,qo r;ry6uurr 0,66 xm) [36, 68]. I4ccne4oranua
MexanrrgMa lr3MerreHuia 6asaJrtroBoro crexJra B rraJrarourrtr u Brtarretlrrff gTr{x
rrpoqeccoB AJr,E reoxuMl{rlecKoro 6m,qxera B cl{creMe eaarawrogeficrBl,I$ oxeau-
cxas rcopa - MopcKa.s BoAa noragbrBalor [63], .rro Mn2+ (93 %), Caz+ (88 % )
ra PrOu @0 %) arcrrasno, norrrrr HaqeJro flepexoA,Er B pacrBop Ha pannrrx cra-
,qr,rfix rr44paraquu. Excerogrrrft ro4oeofi [pI4BHoc KoMrronerrros raxoft trpupo-
4rr a'Mzposoft oxeaH cocralJrner: Mn2+ - 4,75 ' L011 erog 'L; Ca2+ =_
1,60 ' 1013 e'ro,q -1; PzOr - 4,9L' 1011 ?'rog'r (e. 347, Ta6;r. 6, [63]). Ognaxo,
poJlb rror4Bo,4lroro BblBerpr,rBaHrrff ocHoBHhIx ByJrKaHrrrrecKI,Ix MaTeplraJroB oKe-
ancxoft Ropbr cyqecrBenrro Bbrrrre. Harura oKcrIepI,IMeHTaJrbHbre r,rccJreAoBarruff
[1] ceu4ereJrberByrcT, arro rrp]r ranoM raaralro4eficrBr,rfi B Mopcftyro Bo.{} Mor
ffcer trepexo,qr{Tb Mn: 3' L011 aroq't rlprd BblrrleJra'v;nBatrvwt 1 rrvrs 6aaa;rsro-
r{Aubrx rttaJroxJracrr4Tou ufunu L,7 'L0tz ?'ro4'1 BcJreAcrBr,re Bsar4MoAefictrra
c Hefi Marepr4aJra ryp6ra4r,rtnoro rroroxa, rlafipnMep, Cararvrr-Ban, cfl]cralo:
rqeroca urg saIIvIriA Caraltra-Ban x ,flnonclcoMy trpOJIttBy Taxoro oxeaua [39,
491. O6rqaff ,rce Macca 6aaamrolrgubrx ByJrrarroxJracrnqecxr,rx, ega$orerrnbrx
otnoxenuft, rIoABoArIoro gJrroBrr,fi r,r cycnerrBr{ourrbrx rroroxoa, cJro}rcelrublx $par-
MenTaMI4 IIOpO.q OReaHCICOIO AHa, CTOJIb BeJII{Ka, qTO 3a HeI{MeHIIeM IiIHOIO
KPI{rEPI4.fi MO'Tc'HO IIOJIATATb, IITO OHA COIISMCPIIMA C KOJII4IIECTBOM OCA,qKOB
uepr,rsepnuecrr,rx o6.nacrefi oxearra.
Cor;racso pacqeraM D.P. Glasby [30], oKoJIo 90 % Mn, rocrynaroqero B
ogearr, r{MeeT rr4ApoTepMaJrbrroe trpoucxo,?rcAeul,re. OAnaxo B qeJIoM' BcJreA-
crBl{e paccMorpeurrblx BbIrue raal[enerilfi 6aaa.mtosoro Marepr,raJra, eficeroA-
11oe KO;rHqSCTBO Mn, sHoc[MOe B ogean B pagrBopennofi @Oplre' BeCbMa Cyqe-
eTBeIIHo trpeBblluaer 9,3' 10 12 ?'toA-L, vrJrvt, :xatl MIIIII,IMyM' Ha HecxoJrbxo
nopflArtoB 6onrrre Berr{rlraubl rcoETI4IreHTaJIbrIoro croxa ororo SJreMeHTa.
2. leueauc (Moge.nn Qopullponarur Mn pyg)
@opuuporarrre rr11agTc6rrx Mapranqepygl{brx Mecropo;1cAennfi flapare-
tnca 6rr.no cBrr3atto,c KapArIrraJIbHbIMrlt co6rrrzgter rraJreoreua' r( KoropblM
cJreAyer, IipelrcAe Bceto, orHecrr,r fiporr3orrreAlrryro y rpaHfirlbr oorlen/o.rruro-
qeg KoJrJrrr3r{ro KorrrurrerrraJrbublx rIJII,rr Enpaar,rra u Vlnguu, aKTI'IBr43}IpoBaH-
Eyro rrMnaxTnbrMrr flpoqeccaMz. B AannoM r,ruTepBaJre reoJlorn.recxoft r{cro-
pfiI/t [pOI4sOIuJIa KpynHa,fi CTpyKTypHaJI peOpraHl{3aqlil.fi cI'ICTeMbI IIJII{T I{ cy-
rqecTBegsa,E aKTIaBr{Baq}Lfi oceBblx gou Mrponoro ofiealla' cB,fiaauuaff c BoBpa-
cragr,reM cxopocreft cflpe,qrrnra r,r reuepaqrleft ronocca.nbrrblx uacc oreascxoft
"rnroc$eprr, ycrlJierrr4eM ByJrKaHfiBMa I,I rl4AporepMa.nrnofi axTrrBuocria. B sro
BpeM,fi ycraraBJrr,rBaerc.fi cBffBb Melrc,qy Apxrnuecxzlc n ArnanTvrrecrrrM orce-
IEOJIOTI4fl I{ TIOJIESHbIE I4CKOIIAEMbIE MIIPOBOTO OICEAHA
agaMrr, orMerraerc fi yeulre:r,vre pacnoJra cyfieprconTrlueuTa louguana 14, KaK
cJreAcrBr,re, (popilruponanue pnsroreurroro npoJrI,IBa MelrcAy Aprcrr.tcofi u An-
rapxrxrcoft, HatIaJIO pacxpblrlls npoJIIaBa fipeftxa, BoBHItKHoBenrae l{rapry-
MaHTapKTI{qecKoro HpyroBolo Ter{eHILfi, TepMntlecxa,fl rasoJrsqua Antapxmr-
Arr c o6paaoBanrreM KouTrarreHTaJrbl{oro JreAoBoro qplTa, LISMeHeHI{e cl4creM
qr4p1xyJrflquvt ttty1uxubrx n noBepxnocrrlbrx BoA oxeaua, rrnTeuc?I$tlrcaqun
rrg,qBoAubrx gpoor4ourrbrx rrpoqeccoB, conpoBollcAaclrrlteca o6rquu rno6anrurrwt
[oxoJroAauuervr [10, L2, L4,l-5, 511. Vrcaaansrre Bbrrrre neprroAbl rno6a.nrnoro
rroxoJroAaH?rff, rrocJreAoBaBlllr4re rrocJle [MfiaKTIIbIX CO6rrtnfr y rpaHl{qbr aoqeri/
oJrtrroqeH, c o[peAeJIeHHOCTbIO COOTBeTCTByIOT pIHTepBaJraM [JIaHeTapHoro
yxyArrrerrr4ff KJrrrMara (,sxepuofi ouurr), ro MogeJrrl I.C. Ionuqrura [32].
Ba6nefiua,fi poJrh B prAy Brnx co6uruft npraua.qJre?$r,lT ?rMrraKTHblM sB-
Jrer{?rffM na py6exce aoqen/o.nnroqen, aKTtrB}Iar4poBaBIrrriIM paBBI{T}re ornocu-
TeJIbEo BJIJTS nporeraBrrrux rrpoqeccoB n.nrarnoft TeKToHrIKtr, a rax]Ice Aerep-
Mr4rrrrpoBaBrrrDrM yclrJreune paBB?rrr{s MauTrrfiurrx rIJIroMoB I{ accollrt{pyroqnx
ByrKaHurrecKfix, oKeaHHtrecKplx, KJrlIMaTI4qecKr,rx, 6pro.irora.recfiux co6rrrraft.
Cne,&crsueM I{OJIJIIIBIIrVlngwn r Erpasr,rra B KoIIqe goqeua- HarIaIe orrfi-
roueHa ffBraJrocb BoSHIIKrrOBerII4e CrrcTeMbr I{HTpaKoHTI{HeHTaJrbHbIx, ocTpoBo-
.qyr$rrbrx $acCeftnon flaparerrca lI corpalqeHl4e, B HeroToplrx pafioaax npe-
KparqeHlre cyqecTBoBaHlrff MopcKoro npoJrr{Ba, pasAeJlffBlrrero Enpaauro rt
Marepr{Kra fon4nanrr. B reqeurae oAuoro }Ia afirasogoB orrlx co6urraft (ntpe-
neficxas $aea crcnaguarocm) [59] upouaolrrJlo oBcrarllqecroe rrourrt$e]rue
ypogrr,fi Mapororo oKeaIIa r,I o6qee rroAufir]Ie pffAa perrlOuOs Afirnuirct+oia
cxra.qqarofi aoubr. CneAcrsfieM or?rx co6srrufi JrBrrJlocb corparqeuue r o6o-
co6.irenr,re Mopcrr4x 6accefiHos r{ ceBepy or o6urrpnoro Mopff Terrc. B flapare-
Tr{ce reoJrorr4qecxrle upeo6paeoBanra,fi u nocJle,4oBaBmp(e r{BMerreur,rfl oKeaHIa-
rrecxlrx o6cranoeox y rpaHuqrr aoqen/oJllrrorleu rrpoffBlaJrl{cb KaK B orHocr{-
reJrbnoM t[BMer{enltn rOn$nrypaqrEu 6acceftuor, TaK I4 B cMene II,IApoJIoIfi-
qecxoro, rrirApoxuMllqecKolo pelrcfiMoB. 9rz Co6rruIS [pI{BeJIu rc paagpO6.ne-
Htrro rlr rrcrresHoBer{un prr,4a 6accefiHos Sanagnoro flaparernca fi Harrary aK-
rzsuofi Saarr B r,rcropuu paaBnrlrff rfirrparolrrllnenTaJrbusrx 6accefisoB - KaIc
cyu{ecrBerrno o6rosfierrnbrx Mopcxl,rx BoAoeMoB. Cpegr,raemnoe Mope B reqe-
Hr4e Bcero oJrr,rroqena ra 6o.nrmefi qacTu MrtoqeHa 6rr.iro cB,flBauo c Mr,rponrru
orceanoM. B pa4e ranrpanouTrrneutaJrbubrx BoAoeMoB B paI{HeM oJlfiroqeue
perracrpr,rpyercs KparrcoBpeuesssrfi afirlso.q Heroroporo yMeubmerrr{a coJre-
Hocrtr, paoB?rrras auoxcr{Aubrx rrpfiAounrrx odctanoBoK c HaKo[JreEI,IeM orHo-
ciztenrno Morr{Hbrx roJrrrl ocaAKoB, o6oraulennbrx opraH}ItIecKI,rM Ben{ecrBoM'
rdnTencrdBuoe paaBl,rrrre oIrAeMI{Kos. ilos,4uee ycrarlaBJlrIBalorcff yclonua 6o-
Jree oTRpbrToro Mopa, B KoTopoM oTJraraJlficb [perrMylr{ecTBeHrro TepprreH-
rrbre oca,4ntr. B Konqe panuero Ml,roqeua (6yp4ura.nbc$oe BpeMff) B peayJlbrare
KoJrJrr{srru ASprrcanc*ofi I,I Apanraftcxofi n"rrut c Eepaaneft cBaab Cpe4naenn-
rrofo Mops ra ?In.qraficxoro oreaua npepBaJlacr [53].
l{epriocnauqeBbre ocaArcr,r fiBJrsrcTcfi TI{nrIqHbrMI{ tcoMrlouelrraMrt pa3pe-
ga parrnero oJrfiroqena flaparerrEca: @;ruurerbre orJrox(enrn,r flonrcrcux, Vx-
parlncxrax Kapnar, cy6rrenuauroBbre (Submenilite) a nnenuJltiroBble (Menilite)
86
lLM. Baperqos . ICPynHEIZIII{E MAPTAI{I{EBbm MECTOPO?I{AEHI4ff ITAPATE"IT4CA: CJIE(CTBI{fl...
roJrrrlfi 19, 47f, cJror.r Corrlxa (Sotzka beds) s Cnosaxr4prl40l, cBllrbr Eraqyaa u
kTneanga (Bizusa, Ileanda suites) e TpancunbBaHrrrrr [20, 56]. K nrau npurraA-
Jrelrcar pronetbcxlre rJrr.rr{br Tap.4 (Pause-Kracennbcraff ToJrIr{a), c Bbrcoftr,rM
coAeplrcaur{em Copr.: 2-7 % n Bonuuowr Beurepcxowr llareoreuoBoM Baccefi-
ue. flogo6ubre orJrolfienr4ff pasarrrbl B paftonax Pefincxoro rpa6eua Cenepo-
aana4nofi Enponu ("Pechelbroner Schichten"). Bivrecre c reM, B paHHeM oJrr{-
roqene cBrrab 6accefiHos flaparerraca (Eonaparerlrca [20]) c Arnantrnxofi pr
coorBercrBeHuas Mr{rpaqrrs uopcxofi (paynu B onpeAeJrenubre urrrepBaJrbl
BpeMeurz ocyu{ecrBJrsnrrrcb arepea pafiourr Peftucxoro rpa6ena nfwxw Pyccrofi
n.rar$oplrbr, coeApruasfireft c Bocro.Ino-I(apuarcxulr @nnurenrrm MopeM, qro
Jrlrrub [oAtrepxuBaer o6rqyn reox]r Mr{qecnyro neycrofi uraBocrb ceArIMe HTaIII{I4
B arr4x BoAoeMax. Axnyrvry.nrqua Mn pyA rlpoucxoAl{Jla s rue;rrSorblx-Jl}ITo-
paJrbrrbrx o6cranosrax raxlrx 6acceftHos B peoyJrbrare rrocryrrJrenras r.rry6un-
urrx, 6orarrrx Mn (II) z pacrBopennrtM Coo". Bo,q r{B aHoKclIAHbIx BoH arnx
KorJroBr{Hubrx Bo,4oeMos. floAo6nrre uy6ururbre MeraJrJrouocrble BoAbI BbITec-
p.fiJrrrcb 6onee nJrornbrMr{ ofiearrcftrrMrr Bo,qaMrr, fiocryrraBrrrltMpr BcJreAcrBr{e
Mrroroalcruoft rno6anraofi rpaucrpeccfifi . Cxeuarra'recxofi Mo,qeJrblo orl,rx
npoqeccoB Moryr cJryrrcr4Tb ArlHaMr{Ka ro4oo6uena [pr{ fiepfioAr,IqecrcoM Brop-
'IteHr{rI oTHOCTTTeJTbHO [JroTHbrx aTJraHTIIrrecKI,IX BOA B CTarHr,rpOBaIrHbIe KoT-
JroBrlHbr Ba;rruficroro Mop,fi nfunn Apyrux 6acceftnos c qepHocIaHqeBbIMT4
BrraAilHaMra arroxcl{AHoro pexcr.rMa [23' 3U.
Brrcoxr,re Kolrqel{Tpaqrra opraul{qecnoro yrJrepo4a B ocaAxax rr Bo,4e
paggeoJrl,rroqenoBblx rrepuocJlaurleBblx 6acceftgos aMeror I,IBrrarIaJrbHo ou,qo-
reunyro fiprpoAy. B o6.nacrsx pasBrarrrs rranrufisblx IrJrIoMoB LI oceBblx aon
Mrpororo oKeaHa aMaHaqr{r4 rpaHAr4o3Hbrx Korl,IqecrB MeraHa lroABepraJr}rcb
6raorennofi accr{MuJrgqun, fluoxuMlauecrcoMy cB,fiSblsaur,rn opIaH?IoMaMfi ' ->
ogr,rcJreur{ror -} p4crBopegr,rn B orpyxcarolqefi lropcxofi noAe, -> KoHBepcllu
B OpraEr4arecKoe BerrlecrBo, -> TpaEctroprl4poBr{e, -} MHoroKparHoMy pe-
qI{KJrr{Hry B Bolrax 6zonorraqecxoft npogyHTr{Bgoervt, -} oxourrare.lrbuoMy
Baxoponenr{ro B KorrerrnoM Bo,4oeMe arcrcyMyJlJrlq;ua 143 144,581.
Ilrranrcxne l{axonJlenn,s Mn py4 SopmnpoBaJll{cb no nepnQepg}I KpyII-
Hbrx anoxcr4Anbrx aIIaAIIH no llepfiOep?Iv naJleo-9epnoro Mgp,fi (Hnxono.nrC-
KOe, BOJTbIueTOKMaKCI{oe Mec?OporrcAen?I,fi rorcnofi Vrpaunu, rftaarypcxoe ra
Apyrue aaua4noft lpyar,rz, BaJIerIcIa Bapnencxofi rpynnrr B ceBepo-Bocro'IHofi
BO.nraprara, Blrnranr.rx n Typqlali). BO nnagnHax MeIIbrufix pagMepoB I{3BeCT-
rrbr cpaBrrfiTeJrbgo ne6o.nrurrae Mecropotrt,qeur,rfi l0xcnoft Caonarrara, Ceuepuofi
Benrpr,rr. B epaenureJrbuo flepnsepaqecrofi o6xacrw. Bocro.rnoro flaparerr-
ca - MagrbrrxJragc*oM perrtorre Baxacnrns Mn py4oo6paaoBaHl4le rlporacxoArl-
Jro rro 6Jrr,rarofi cxeMe.
B cal6re paggrre fiIrrepBaJrhr oJrrrroqena (rauano fiIuexcroro BpeMeHrr'
parrgrdft pione;rr) [ocJre cpaBnr,rreJrbuo He6oJlrtrofi perpecctll4 rrocJreAoBaJlo
MaccuItOBaHHOe BTOprfieHI{e OHeaHCI{Itx ro4, O6oraIqeIIHbIx Mn, Fe, Si, P n
,qpyrhwrg KoM11oHeHTaMn rrguar{aJrbuo rl4,qporepMa.nrnoft fip]rpoAbr (n rolr lfircre
P33) lr 6uonorra.lecKra rrr,rrareJrbHbrMld BeIrIecrBaMrI, IlocraBJlaBlrllrMr4cfi yrlo-
Mr4HaBrrrefi c,fl Bbrrrre rno6aablroft rpancrpe cexeit.
87
|EOJIOI}Ifi U NOJIESHbIE T{CfiOIIAEMbIE MI{POBOTO OKEAHA
Cuena perpeccr,rBHoro r?rApoxl,IMrltlecxoro pelr(I{Ma 6accefina, Ha rrblo
coJrenocrb cylqecrBeuuo BJrr,rrIJr peunoft crorc, o6ctanosrcaMu, coaAaBrrrrrMrrcrl
B peSyJIbTaTe nocrynJleHlltff oKeaHcK?rx Bo,4 oTHocr,rreJlbrro nrrcortofi coJleHoc-
Tr4, fipraBeJr]r K paaBnrr{ro rrJrorHoctnofi crparu$raxaqrrla BoAHofi ro.ntln v :ua-
py[reur4ro no4oo6uena B orHocHTeJIrHo rny6oxoro,qublx KorJIoBr,rHax. Hanpu-
Mep, Beprr4xaJrbna.fi qrIpxyJlaqllff BoA tlepnoro wropa xpafiEe orpaur4ttleua, qro
otrpeAeJrser rpaur(qy aaparluu tr coorBercrBeurro pacnpocrpauelrlr,a $rato- u
BoonJranxTorra, Hexrona, aapo6nrrx 6artepnftna r"ny6une 200 n. flpla4ouurre
cJror4, rr?rErrrrre ropprcouTbr eognofi ToJrrqrr rar?Ix Brra,qrru orrlutqarucb anorc-
cIaAHbrM, cepoBo,qopo,4ubrM pefi{r,rMoM I{ rroJrrbrM rloAaBJreurrem 4ouuofi ncraa-
nu. Bepxnas Soruvecxaff aorra KorJroBpru lr onpyficarorqr{x rrreJrb$ourrx 6ac-
cefinor xapaxTepuooBaJrrrcb HopMaJrbHbrM KI,IcJIopoAHbIM peEcI4MoM, cno6o4-
IrbrM Bo,qoo6uenom lr sbrconofi 6ro.nornqecxofi npo4yxrrrBnocrbro.
B no,qo6nrrx fipu,qonurrx o6ctanoBxax, bnaronpurrcrByroqux Koucep-
BaqEI,r opranl{qecroro BerrtrecrBa, B qacrnocrl,I prr6nrrx ocrarr{oB, rraKanJlttBa-
Jrrrcb roJIIrILr rrepuocfiarrqeBblx ocaAHoB rnna mafixoncrcofi cepfir,r. Po.rr anox-
crr,4rr6rx BrraArrH KaK pesepByapoB I4 HaKofir/treaefi Mn, Fe, Copr., [epexoA-
Hbrx MeraJrJroB T4 PBE, naxoAslrlrtxc,fi B Bo.qe orrpbrroro Mopff B pacceffHrrbrx
KOJrr{qecTBax, BaKJrloqaeTcff B IrepeKarrurBaEvlvl }I KoIrqeHTpI{poBaIrrrI4 aTI{x
KoMrrorreuToe. B BoAe raft?rx crarHr4poBauubrx KorJroBlrH, Brla,qlln, r{ax npa-
BrirJIo, rlarcanJrlaBarorcff rrrrautcxl{e Koru'recrBa pacrBopeuuoro Mn(II), no
Mrrorux cJr] raffx - peAmogeMeJlbubrx sJIeMeHToB. Hanplruep, B BoAe orrcpbt-
rofi .racru coBpeMeugoro urem$oBoro Mop.g (I{enrpa;rrnas Bantraxa) xon-
qeuTpaqr,rff pacrBopennoro Mn B noBepxnoctnofi rI flpllAoulrofi soge coorBer-
crBeurro cocraBJr,flror 0,2 n 4,L vmef n (ppb), Fe - L4,8 n
28,9 wxe/n [2]. B BoAe pff,qa BEaAr{Ir Ba.nrurcn (Apxoncrcaa, BopnxoJlbMcrcaff.,
f4anrcxaa, Jlangcoprcrcafl, @opo) c aHoKcrrAHbIM, cepoBoAopo,4ublM pelr{u-
MoM Korrqer{rpaqur Mn - 700 wrxa/n r,r Fe - l2O :rxe/n [23]. Paa,aerrexr,re
Mn u Fe a no4e ranrx BrraAlrrr AerepMr4ulrpyerca cBlrBbrBarrr4elr Fe(II) B cyJrb-
Sra4nrre Saerr rr rdx HaKorrJreHI,IeM B oca.4rcax. B oca4rax orxpbrroro Mopff,
KaK rpaBraJro, rporrcxo,qrrr orrrcJrerlne Mn(II) -> Mn(III) -> Mn(IV), saxo-
pouenrre grl{x coe,qn:ne:rr:,ait B oca4re, Al{arenerrrrrecnoe BoccranoBJleurre Ao
Mn(II), 4u(p(pyera B rrpraAonayro BoAy !r repenoc 4o ure.nnQoBbrx, JlrrropaJrb-
Hbrx yqacrxoB c orrroclrreJrbno HopMaJrbHbrM tceIcJropo4nblM pexclaMolr. flpra-
uem xap6ouarnbre pyAbr $opmuponanftrcb B Ar{arenerl,rrlecxfix ycJroBl,rax, He-
pe,{Ko pacflpOcTpaHsBruaxcff Ha IIpI{AoHHbIe cJIoIrt Bo,4bI.
r ' Taxrapr o6paaonn, auoxcr{Anbre B[a,qI4Hbr flaparerlrca B panr{eM oJr}rroqe-
He BrrrroJrua.nn Synxqnro peaepByapoB - Hanoflrrrerefi, KoHr{eHTprIpoBaB-
rrrr4x rrepexo,qnrre MeraJrJrbr, PBD u Apyrrre KoMnoHeHrbI, HaxogffIr{raec.E B pac-
cefiHr{brx Korr4qecrBax B BoAe rue;rrSororo Mopff. B uocre4urre, no paccMor-
peHHoMy Bbrrrre MexaHr4SMy, [epeKaqtIBaJrl,rcb rpaHAl4osHbre $ofiI[qectna Mn,
Fe u 4pyrrax KoMrroHeHToB, rrprrueceunrrx n flaparerr,rc B pesyJlbrare Mnoro-
arcrnofi profieJrbcxofi rpancrpecclrv. Ouenu4no, uro pygoo6paaylou{a,fi poJlb
aHoKcpr,4Hbrx KorJroBrrH MorJra coxpaHrrrbc,f Ao ucqepnaHl,r,fi pecypca orHocl{-
TeJrbHo fioBbrrrrerrnbrx Konqeurpaquft BBBeIrreHHbIx u pacrBopenubrx $oplr nou-
rrouerrroB (n vacrnocru, Mn u Fe) B ortpbrrolr menr$osoM 6acceftne.
88
PI.M. Bapenqor . ItPvTIHEftrutm MAPTAIII{EBbIE MECIOPOTI{AEHI4ff nAPATSII4CA: CJIEACTB}I.fl..,
SAKfiIOt[EHI{E
Kpynnefiuu{e B r4cropr4ra SaHepooofi MaprauqeBbre pauHeoJrraroqeuoBbre
MecropolrAerrr,rff rora Vxparanrr (Hl*cono;rrcroe fi Ap.) u fpyauu (9narypcnoe
r{ Ap.), a rax)rce MapranrlepyAubre HaxorrJrenr,rs MaurrrruJraxa, ceBepo-Bocro-
rca Bonrapur{ rr ceBepo-Bana,qa TypqrEIa, He6onsrupre BaJre}fiH n Benrpr.ur lr
Iorxnofi Cnonaxran BaJrsrorcfl cr{Hxponublnna Mn-pyAHbIMI4 HaxonJlerrrafiMpl,
3aJrerarcfi{r1rM'l B ocHoBarrrr[ Hr4]r{Hero oJrrrroqeHa (prone.nrcrcrfi apyc Enponrr,
r,rJrlr nruexcxnfi peruonanrnrrfi ,spyc CHf) ua o6ruupnofi reppnroplrn or I-{en-
rpanrnofi Eeponrr Ao perrrorron CpeAneft Aaun. Onn xapanrepr4Byrorca o6rq-
rrocrbro crpyxTl1pubrx rroorrqfifi (Ivro6unsable oxpansbr rora Eepaenficxoft nnprrrr
r.rJrll cKJroHbr cpeAr,rHHbrx Maccl/tBon A.nrnr,rficKoro noaca), o6crauosoK saJrera-
nraa (rerronrirreclcu )recrxufi, cy6n.nat(popvlennrrfi cy6crpar), $aqraanrurrx
coorrro[reuuft ll ycroanfi cegrlreHTaql{I{ (ruenr(p Buyrpenr{r4x, oxpar{Hubrx
qepnocJranqeBbrx 6accefiuos flapareruca), ruronorr{qecxoro, MrrnepaJrbuoro,
xnMrrqecroro cocraBa py4 Ia BMerqapu{Hx orJror{cesufi. B arzx rkecroporr{Ae-
rrrdffx. Banrroqero 6onee 30 % MrrpoBbrx sarracoB MaprauqeBbrx py,q {ranepo-
Bos, firrr4 6o;ree 7O o/o nafi:ooaoff .
Baccefinrr llaparerraca c$opiurpoBaJrficb BcJIeAcrBrre KoJrJrr{Blrrlr KoHTrr-
HerrraJrbubrx fiJrrrr Enpaalrn uWuguvt y rparrnqbl ao4en/o.rrzroqeH B fipoqecce
o6rqero pacrra4a fougraurr, axTprBrranpoBarruoro 6nr,rsfifiruu rro BpeMeHa r,rM-
[axTrrbrMr,r co6rrrnsnnu Ha ceBepe Cr,rdrapcrcofi nnar$opMbr n a Ceaepnofi Anne-
praxe. Taroe rio JrJrr,rar,rounoe croJIRHoBeE?Ie nprIBeJIo e rno6anruofi nepecrpoft .
Ke ctlcreMbr rrJrrrr, ycrrJleurro paaBrrrprfi ryranrrafinrrx [JrroMoB, aKTr/tBHBaqtrI4
oceBbrx aor Mr,rpoeoro oxeana, colpoBoJfiAaeMbrx BoBpacrauueu cropocrefi
cfipeArrHra, npoAyrlrrpoBarrr{eM FparrAlltoSHblx Macc oreancrcofi .nraroc$eprr,
ByJrKar{r,rBMoM r4 rrr,qporepMaJrbrrofi geate.nblrocrblo. Ino6anrnrre noxoJroAa-
rrrrg B rrogArreM aoqene-oJrrlroqene, nocJreAoBaBlrrr4e fiocJre rrMflaxTrrbrx co6sr-
rnfi y rpaulrqbr aoqen/o;rrarorler, c ofipegeJreunocrblo coorBererBylot inrrrep-
BaJraM fiJraHerapuoro yxy,qruenrrfi KJrrlMata (agepnofi sunrr), no mogenra I.C,
Iotnqrrua. fpanrqa goqesa rr oJluroqeua n llaparernce xaparcrepuaoBaJracb
cyulecrBerrsofi cnnenofi ce4unreuraqr,ronrrblx, rr,qpoxrMrlqecnrax o6ctanosox
6accefisos, [po,fiBrrBrrrefics s Hapacrarrurr auoltcr'rAnlrx yc"rrorufi.' :
@opnaupoaanrae o6cyncAaeMblx BnaArrH ffBJIffercff BarcoHoMepnrrm co6rr-
TrreM B rrcTopfir{ pacna,qa lOu4eanrr, snIIBoAoB pacnpblrl,Ifl - sar6pblrns oxe-
anonoAofisoro 6accefiua Teruc, BaporrcAerrrrg 14 pacBr,rrlr,E crrcreMrr Oaccefi$os
flapareruca ra llepurerurea B cBere reo4r,ruaMlrrrr KoJrJrrrBI{oEEoro petrcllt.nna'
cyqecrBeHlro BJrr,Iff lorqero IIa opraHl4saqalo fiJlrrr.
O6paaonanue Mn-py4nbrx Mecropox4euwfi fipolacxoAfiJro B repfioA cpaB-
Hr{TeJrbHo 6lrcrporo orrycrarxJr qenTpaJlbnrrx o6nacrefi rnaguir, c paaBl,rrr{eM
oruocrrreJrlno rny6oxoBoAnbrx KorJroBfiHlrrrx 6accefiHoB r HaKorrJIeHrreM B
Hr4x Morqgbrx roJrrrl qepnocraxr{eBbrx ocanrcoB rnna ltafirconcrofi cepura. K
TaKlrM parrreoJrr{rorleuoBbrM 6accefinann oruocffTcff: rlepnolropcKa,fi BrIaA?IHa
ra o6parr;raroqfie ee nporu6rr, cr4creMa KorJIoBI,rHHbrx BrraArirrr Cpe4nero Kac-
naa (Ioxno-Manrrrrunaxcnufi nporra6, BnaAI,IHa Kaparre)o Bolrrrrofi Benrep-
cxrafi fla.neorenoerrfi Baccefin r,I Apyrue. C na.Iana oJrr{roqeua na @oue ,4oMr'I-
Hr,rpylorqero urenr$onoro Mopfi (poprruponaJltlcb 6rrcrpo yr.ny6.raroquecs 6ac'
89
TEOJIO|I4fl H IIOJIESHbIE IICKONAEMbIE MI4POBOTO OITEAHA
cefir{br c BarpyAHeHHbrM BoAoo6MeHoM, [oBbrrrreuuofi 6proaorfi.recxofi npo4yr-
TrrBuocrbro n $otuuecrofi soue r{ orllerJlrrtBbrMl{ rrpI{BHaKaMfi craruaqrtu, auon-
cr,Ir{ np?IAoHHbIX cJIOeB BOAbI.
O4naxo ceoeo6paalre pauueoJlr{roqerronor? na"neoreorpa$zr,I I{entpa"rrr-
Hor.o ra Bocro.ruoro flapareurca cocrorrJro B ToM, rrro, Hap.fiAy c KpyfiHefiurnvr
{epnonropcrcuM aHoKcI4AHbrIrn 6accefisoM, B rrpeAeJlax arofi cracreMbl cyqe-
crBoBaJrrr pr Apyrrae aBncrrnHbre KorJIoBrIHhr r{ B[aA]IHbr (Ioxcno -C.nonaqrcufi
1acceftu, Bo;rrruofi Benrepcmraft6acceits, Puoncrcaa, Knzpumcraff BrraAI{Hbr,
Ideurpanrno-Kacnuficxas BnaArrra), no oxpar,ruaM Horopbrx pacrroJlaraJrficb
cpaBnlrreJrbrro Kpyrnrre Mn-pygnbre Mecropo)$,qeH?Is (Kzruorqe-Illna6onqe,
Srep-flevrzeu, MarrrruJraxcnoe, {varypcxoe, Knupnnbcxoe tr Ap.,), peAKoMe-
TAJIbII6IE HAHONJIEH'lfi .
flpraae4ennbre Bbrrrre .qarrnbre cBl,IAereJrbcrByror, rrro rfiapoxoe perl{o-
r{aJrbrroe paBBrrrlre Mn-urauepaJrfiBar\utfi, peAxoMeraJrbnoro opy,qeueuua, tIH-
TeHCaBHOTO HaICOIIJIeIII{ff KpeMHr/tCTbIX, qeOJrIITCO.qep$CaU{fi X ?I 6OrarrrX Opra -
Hr,rqecrv M Be rr{ecrBoM or.irorxenraft KouTpoJlrrpoBaJrr{cb panteplofie.ncrofi cy6 -
r.no6anrnoft rpaucrpeccvtefi Mi,rponoro oneaHa. Broprurraecff orealrcnl{e Bo,qbl
6rtnw o6oranlenrr Mn u accoqfifipymull,rMn MeraJIJraMr,I, [r,rrareJlbrrblMlr KoM-
rrouenTaMfi, flpor{cxo)rc,qeH}re Koropbrx cBffBaHo c rno6amiofi angonennofi
antr4Br,raaqrEeft MrapoBoro orcearra, B rracrnocrrr, Buaqnrerblro ycaJrr,rBnreftcg
rr,rAporepMa.nrnofi 4efi reJrbuoctrro 6.nus rpau laqLr aoqeu/o;rtroqen.
I ' Tarprlr o6paaonn, arroxcl,IAr{hre B[a,4r.Irrbr flapareruca B paHHeM oJrr,rroqe-
nel'Brrnonsa.nn $ynrcquro peaepByapoB - Haxorrr,rre,nefi, KoHIIeHTp?rpoBaB-
rrrr4x nepexoAHbre MeraJrJrbr, P33 u Apyrue KoMrrouerrrbl, Haxo4nlrtrrlecff B pac-
cesuubrx KoJrlrqecrBax B BoAe aroro ruenr$onoro Mopfi. B nocne4uue, rro pac-
cMoTpeHHoMy Bbrrrre MexaHI{3My, fiepeKarraBaJllircb rpaHAfio8lrbre KorraqecTBa
Mn, Fe !r Apyr?rx KoMrroHeHroB, rrpr{Hecenubrx n flapaterprc B peayJrbrare
MHoroaxrrrofi pronenrcrcoft rpaucrpecc[rr. OuerrEguo, qro pyAoo6paayrorqan
poJrb aHorccr{AHbrx noTJroBrrH MorJIa coxparrfirbcs ,4o uctrepnallfia pecypca or-
Hocr,rreJrbr{o rroBrrlrreurrbrx Kouqeurpaqraft BoBerrre}rrrbrx r4 pacrBopeuubrx Sopnn
KoMnoHeHTon (a vacrnocrt4, Mn n Fe) a otxpbrroM rue;rrSorovr 6accefine.
"J", Bapenu,oe H.M. I4ayuetrre Bbru{eJrarruaanprfi MapraHrla ilplr BaaaMo,qeftcrrur oc-
HoBrrrrx Byrxanuarecftlrx MarepnaJroB c uopcrcofi sogofi // leonoxua pyAHbIx Mecropo)fi-
aenraft. 1970. N!3. C.93-104.
2. Baperu4oe H.M,. Ieoxnmu.recKrre acner{Tu (popu*rpoBarru,fi rfieJresoMapranrleBbrx
pyA B coBpeMeuubrx ruenr$orrrx Mopsx // Ilpodnetrbr JrrlrroJlorrrlt pI reoxrrMrrru ocaAort-
Hbrx rropoA n pyA. M.: Hayxa, 1575. C. 150-1"65.
3. Baperuu,oa H.M. Kpynnefiurrae MapranrleBrre Mecropoft{Aenlrfi flaparerr.rca: cJre.q-
crBr{tr reo.quuaMrrqecxrrx u uMnarcrnrrx co6rrruft na py6exe aoqen/orzro\en // feoao-
rr{fl r4 noJreenbre rircKonaeurre Mnponoro onea$a. Ituen. HaquouaJrbuafi Ama4eulla Hayr
Vrcparanu. 2006. N! 3. C. 89-91.
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, Inrenc[suicrr riAporepnnanrnoi Aiamnocri i, nignoni4no, ni;rrxictr xo*rnoneurion
sxi nocra.rarorbcfi B Borry ceArrMerrrarlii, rconrpo.nrororbcfi Macrlrra6aMu ui4aognoro ryn-
rcanianny, ulo Blrgrraqarorbcff o6'err,rauu rroBocrBopenoi 6aaamronoi ropn. Ba uisuroro
eoqeHy 4o nrerri o onirorlenorw pericrpyrorbcff Marccrruamni 4.ira rafiuoaoro ruuzgrcocri
cnpeAnnry oreani.ruoro Arra, B peopraniaa4iero ocronr,rx sou i siAnogi4noro aynranivnoro
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rcsxoi xiarrocri Ca, CHn, COz, Si, Mn, Fe i acoqirorour,rx xoMnofieutis.
Harporwagncenns Mn pyg si,q6yBarocr s mear$ornx-niropa.nrnux o6cranosrax 6acefiHir
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KoMnoHeHTr{ ri4poreprvra.nrnoi npnpo4u, nuricnanucfi oneaucbxtrMrr BoAaMu 6ilaruoi rycrtl-
uu, axi Ha,qxoArrJrlr sHacriAor 6araroaxrnoi r.no6arsnoi prone.rscrxoi tpancrpecii.
The scale of oceanic hydrothermal activity and amount of components supplied into
the zone of sedimentation are determinated with volume of the neoformed oceanic
lithosphere. It is significant that in the interval from Late Eocene to the Eocene/Oligocene
boundary were registered the highest in Cenozic spreading rates: exceded to over two
times the Oligocene-Holocene valutes.The processes was foilowed by the flux into ocean
huge amount of Mn, Fe and the associated components. The Mn ore accumulation occurred
in the shelf-littoral Paratethys basins as a result of supply of deep waters, rich in Mn
from anoxic cattle.like basins. These metal-bearing waters were displaced by the more
dense oceanic waters invaded by the subglobal Rupelian transgression.
94
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-56543 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1999-7566 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:48:42Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України |
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| spelling | Варенцов, И.М. 2014-02-19T19:37:26Z 2014-02-19T19:37:26Z 2008 Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 / И.М. Варенцов // Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана. — 2008. — № 1. — С. 79-94. — Бібліогр.: 68 назв. — рос. 1999-7566 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/56543 553.32.323:551.(470) Интенсивность гидротермальной деятельности в океане и, соответственно, количество поставляемых в зону седиментации компонентов контролируются масштабами подводного вулканизма, которые детерминируются объемами новообразованной базальтовой коры. В позднем эоцене до границы с олигоценом регистрируются максимальные для кайнозоя скорости спрединга океанического дна, с реорганизацией осевых зон и соответствующей вулканической, гидротермальной активностью, сопровождавшимися поступлением в морскую воду гигантских количеств Ca, CH₄, CO₂, Si, Mn, Fe и ассоциирующих компонентов. Інтенсивність гідротермальної діяльності і, відповідно, кількість компонентів, які постачаються в зону седиментації, контролюються масштабами підводного вулканізму, що визначаються об’ємами новоствореної базальтової кори. За пізнього еоцену до межі з олігоценом реєструються максимальні для кайнозою швидкості спредингу океанічного дна, з реорганізацією осьових зон і відповідною вулканічною та гідротермальною активністю з супровідним надходженням у морську воду гігантської кількості Ca, CH₄, CO₂, Si, Mn, Fe і асоціюючих компонентів. The scale of oceanic hydrothermal activity and amount of components supplied into the zone of sedimentation are determinated with volume of the neoformed oceanic lithosphere. It is significant that in the interval from Late Eocene to the Eocene/Oligocene boundary were registered the highest in Cenozic spreading rates: exceded to over two times the Oligocene-Holocene valutes. The processes was followed by the flux into ocean huge amount of Mn, Fe and the associated components. The Mn ore accumulation occurred in the shelf-littoral Paratethys basins as a result of supply of deep waters, rich in Mn from anoxic cattle-like basins. These metal-bearing waters were displaced by the more dense oceanic waters invaded by the subglobal Rupelian transgression. ru Відділення морської геології та осадочного рудоутворення НАН України Геология и полезные ископаемые Мирового океана Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 Найкрупніші манганові родовища Паратетису: наслідки геодинамічних та імпактних подій на рубежі еоцен/олігоцен. Частина 4 The Great Manganese of Paratethys: Geodynamics and Impact Events of the Eocene/Oligocene Boundary. Part 4 Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 Варенцов, И.М. |
| title | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 |
| title_alt | Найкрупніші манганові родовища Паратетису: наслідки геодинамічних та імпактних подій на рубежі еоцен/олігоцен. Частина 4 The Great Manganese of Paratethys: Geodynamics and Impact Events of the Eocene/Oligocene Boundary. Part 4 |
| title_full | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 |
| title_fullStr | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 |
| title_short | Крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения Паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. Часть 4 |
| title_sort | крупнейшие марганцевые месторождения паратетиса: следствия геодинамических и импактных событий на рубеже эоцен/олигоцен. часть 4 |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/56543 |
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