Залежності розподілу одноатомних фенолів між водою та органічними рідинами

• Published in: Геологія і геохімія горючих копалин
• Date: 2010
• Main Authors: Майкут, О., Пальчикова, О., Брик, Ж., Макітра, Р.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Інститут геології і геохімії горючих копалин НАН України 2010
• Subjects: Геохімія
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/59386
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Залежності розподілу одноатомних фенолів між водою та органічними рідинами / О. Майкут, О. Пальчикова, Ж. Брик, Р. Макітра // Геологія і геохімія горючих копалин. — 2010. — № 2 (151). — С. 58-63. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — укр.

Дані по константах розподілу одноатомних фенолів між органічними рідинами 
 та водою можуть бути надійно узагальнені з допомогою лінійних багатопараметричних рівнянь. Процес розподілу визначається, насамперед, основністю екстрагентів, 
 але на нього також впливають їхня полярність та самоасоціація. Phenols are one of the most widespread and toxic pollutions of natural and industrial 
 waters. Therefore the problem of their analytical determination is of great importance. In 
 case of their very little concentration one employs the preliminary concentration of samples 
 by means of extraction. In that way the problem of selection of optimal extragents becomes 
 important as well as the prognosis of phenols passage from water into organic phase. 
 Widespread is the opinion that the decisive factor which determines the equilibrium constant of phenols distribution between two phases Kp
 is the interaction of acidic phenols 
 with the basic groups of extragents. However we stated that the interdependence between 
 the logarithm values of phenol acidic dissociation constants in various solvents and their 
 basicity Baccording to Koppel–Palm (change of OH-band in phenol IR-spectrum) is not 
 linear. This disagreement is caused evidently by the influence of some other factors on the 
 distribution process. With the view to obtain a quantitative interdependence between the 
 phenol Kр values and physico-chemical extragent properties we generalized the present Kр
 data for phenol between water and 29 organic extragents on the basis of free energies linearity principle by means of a sixparameter equation which takes into account a series of extragent characteristics. It turns out that although the Kр value, the very determining factor, is the extragent basicity (the value of pair correlation coefficient r= 0.906), but for receiving of an adequate equation with R= 0.957 it is necessary to take into account the 
 influence of extragents polarity too, which favours the transition of phenol into organic 
 phase, the resembling dependencies were also obtained for 6 other monoatomic phenols 
 and for resorcine. Such approach permits not only the interpretation of the chemismus of 
 phenols distribution between organic and water phases, but sufficiently reliable prevision 
 of Kр values in the case of other non-investigated extragents and the optimization of their 
 selection too.