The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin
The article analyzes, assesses and forecasts initially the impacts of development process of population, industry, aquaculture and tourism on the environment of Huong river basin. The results shows that the increasing of waste water discharge and waste matter from the population is one of the fa...
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Nguyen Khanh Van Le Van Huong 2014-04-09T08:35:13Z 2014-04-09T08:35:13Z 2011 The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin / Nguyen Khanh Van, Le Van Huong // Український географічний журнал. — 2011. — № 4. — С. 22–27. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 1561-4980 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/59556 911.2(597.3) The article analyzes, assesses and forecasts initially the impacts of development process of population, industry, aquaculture and tourism on the environment of Huong river basin. The results shows that the increasing of waste water discharge and waste matter from the population is one of the factors which pollute the environment of Huong river basin, especially in urban areas. Besides, activities of home craft at rural areas, the extension of the scale of industrial zones are forcasted that they will increase the solid waste matter discharge, including noxious solid waste matter. The development of raising prawn by industrial methods at Tam Giang – Cau Hai eliminates millions of square meter of waste water per crop, that pollutes surface water and coastal sea water. Besides, toursim activities at the tours along Huong river basin is one of the factors which pollute this river. В статье даны анализ, оценка и прогноз влияния населения, а также промышленности, аквакультуры и туризма на окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг. Результаты исследования показывают, что одним из основных факторов загрязнения окружающей среды в бассейне реки Хыонг, особенно в пределах городов, является возрастающий сброс сточных вод и других загрязняющих веществ в реки. Вследствие деятельности домашних хозяйств в сельской местности и расширения промышленных зон прогнозируется увеличение количества твердых бытовых отходов, в том числе токсических. Развитие промышленного выращивания креветок в районе Там Гианг – Кау Хай приводит к образованию значительных объемов отработанных вод, которые загрязняют поверхностные воды и прибрежные воды моря. Туристическая деятельность также является одним из факторов загрязнения реки. en Інститут географії НАН України Український географічний журнал Природничо-географічні дослідження The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin Влияние социально-экономической деятельности на окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг Article published earlier |
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The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin |
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The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin Nguyen Khanh Van Le Van Huong Природничо-географічні дослідження |
| title_short |
The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin |
| title_full |
The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin |
| title_fullStr |
The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin |
| title_sort |
impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of huong river basin |
| author |
Nguyen Khanh Van Le Van Huong |
| author_facet |
Nguyen Khanh Van Le Van Huong |
| topic |
Природничо-географічні дослідження |
| topic_facet |
Природничо-географічні дослідження |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Український географічний журнал |
| publisher |
Інститут географії НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Влияние социально-экономической деятельности на окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг |
| description |
The article analyzes, assesses and forecasts initially the impacts of development process of population, industry, aquaculture
and tourism on the environment of Huong river basin. The results shows that the increasing of waste water discharge and
waste matter from the population is one of the factors which pollute the environment of Huong river basin, especially in urban
areas. Besides, activities of home craft at rural areas, the extension of the scale of industrial zones are forcasted that they will
increase the solid waste matter discharge, including noxious solid waste matter. The development of raising prawn by industrial
methods at Tam Giang – Cau Hai eliminates millions of square meter of waste water per crop, that pollutes surface water and
coastal sea water. Besides, toursim activities at the tours along Huong river basin is one of the factors which pollute this river.
В статье даны анализ, оценка и прогноз влияния населения, а также промышленности, аквакультуры и туризма на
окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг. Результаты исследования показывают, что одним из основных факторов
загрязнения окружающей среды в бассейне реки Хыонг, особенно в пределах городов, является возрастающий
сброс сточных вод и других загрязняющих веществ в реки. Вследствие деятельности домашних хозяйств в сельской
местности и расширения промышленных зон прогнозируется увеличение количества твердых бытовых отходов, в
том числе токсических. Развитие промышленного выращивания креветок в районе Там Гианг – Кау Хай приводит к
образованию значительных объемов отработанных вод, которые загрязняют поверхностные воды и прибрежные воды
моря. Туристическая деятельность также является одним из факторов загрязнения реки.
|
| issn |
1561-4980 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/59556 |
| citation_txt |
The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin / Nguyen Khanh Van, Le Van Huong // Український географічний журнал. — 2011. — № 4. — С. 22–27. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
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2025-11-26T15:03:12Z |
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| fulltext |
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4122
22
22
УДК 911.2(597.3)
Nguyen Khanh Van, Le Van Huong
THE IMPACTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF
HUONG RIVER BASIN
Nguyen Khanh Van, Le Van Huong
THE IMPACTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF HUONG RIVER BASIN
Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi
The article analyzes, assesses and forecasts initially the impacts of development process of population, industry, aquaculture
and tourism on the environment of Huong river basin. The results shows that the increasing of waste water discharge and
waste matter from the population is one of the factors which pollute the environment of Huong river basin, especially in urban
areas. Besides, activities of home craft at rural areas, the extension of the scale of industrial zones are forcasted that they will
increase the solid waste matter discharge, including noxious solid waste matter. The development of raising prawn by industrial
methods at Tam Giang – Cau Hai eliminates millions of square meter of waste water per crop, that pollutes surface water and
coastal sea water. Besides, toursim activities at the tours along Huong river basin is one of the factors which pollute this river.
Keywords: pollution; waste water; solid waste matter.
Нгуен Хань Ван, Ле Ван Хыонг
ВЛИЯНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НА ОКРУЖАЮЩУЮ СРЕДУ В БАССЕЙНЕ РЕКИ ХЫОНГ
Институт Географии, Вьетнамская Академия Наук и Технологий, Ханой
В статье даны анализ, оценка и прогноз влияния населения, а также промышленности, аквакультуры и туризма на
окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг. Результаты исследования показывают, что одним из основных факторов
загрязнения окружающей среды в бассейне реки Хыонг, особенно в пределах городов, является возрастающий
сброс сточных вод и других загрязняющих веществ в реки. Вследствие деятельности домашних хозяйств в сельской
местности и расширения промышленных зон прогнозируется увеличение количества твердых бытовых отходов, в
том числе токсических. Развитие промышленного выращивания креветок в районе Там Гианг – Кау Хай приводит к
образованию значительных объемов отработанных вод, которые загрязняют поверхностные воды и прибрежные воды
моря. Туристическая деятельность также является одним из факторов загрязнения реки.
Ключевые слова: загрязнение; сточные воды; твердые бытовые отходы.
I. The beginning
In recent years, Huong river basin is the object
of studies of many programs, national projects and
international ones in order to reduce pollution and
improve environment quality. There are many different
impacts on the environment of Huong river basin,
but main ones are population development, socio-
economic activities of population. In this article, these
impacts are: population, urbannization, industrial
production, aquiculture and tourism development.
II. The impact of socio-economic activities on
the environment
1. The impact of population and urbanization
Huong river basin includes Hue city, 8 districts
and 150 communes and towns by the administrative
unit. According to results of population survey in
2006 showed that the total population of this river
basin was 1,143.5 thousand people, the density is
226 people per km2. Among them, Kinh people
makes up 10%, the remaining is Bru – Van Kieu, Ta
Oi, Co Tu and others ethnic minorities.
The population of Huong river basin distributes
unequally, almost of them concentrates at coastal
cities, towns. The network of urban areas includes Hue
city and 8 urban towns and the total urban population
is 357,682 people, makes up about 31.4% of the total
population of whole province.
The increasing of population is synonymos with
the increasing of water need, living waste water and
wastage. According to forecasts, the population of
Huong river basin will be 1,150 thousand people in
2015 and 1,356.6 thousand people, among them urban
population will be about 949.6 thousand people,
makes up 70% of the total population [5]. According
to the fresh water using standard 150l per capita per
day, the need of using water in Huong river basin
will be 203,490 m3 per day up to 2020. According to
WHO, if average waste water is caculated by 80% of
water suply, the amount of living waste water in this
river basin will be 162,792 m per day.
If the discharge of waste matter in waste water
(g per capita per day) is calculated by Table 1,
average forecasted waste matter mass in living
waste water of Huong river basin in next years will
be shown in Figure 1.
At Hue city, there isn’t its own drainage for
living waste water and rain water now in whole city.
Living waste water from residential areas, markets,
trade villages, hospital waste water contain baceria,
noxious chemical, latent organic matter, they cause
redundant nutrient at unmanaged water supply. Waste
water (untreated) flows over culvert systems purely
and spills into Huong River directly. In some areas,
culverts are open-cast, so when heavy rain happens,
surrounding environment is affected. Especially,
© Нгуен Хань Ван, Ле Ван Хионг, 2011
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4 23
some sullage pits of food processing factories are also
affected, they run the risk of having much redundant
nutrient and become the favourable environment for
the development of many kinds of noxious algae. The
samples of research group of Biology Faculty – Hue
Science University show that there are noxious algae
in Huong river basin individually. Therefore, in dry
season, the section of Huong river basin which flow
across Hue city has the content of organic matter
exceeding Vietnam Standards. In 1999, according
to results of urban development project, there were
37 sullage pits at the section river which flows
across Hue city, up to now the number of these ones
doesn’t decrease and even is increasing continuously.
Seriously, some of them are filled by grass, some
sullage pits which are used for drainage to river is
narrowed, some others contain many garbage, thus
the drainage of culverts is limitted, and it makes
surrounding environment become more polluted.
The number of route of sullage pits at the Northern
bank of Huong river basin, from Phu Xuan bridge to
Con wharf is few and they aren’t dredged regularly,
therefore if there is a lack of more effective treatment
methods, the pollution of natural water resouces will
increase more quickly.
One of the important sources of causing pollution
at Huong river basin is the activities of ten thousands
fishing boats in this river. Garbage, waste water of
these boats has the direct impacts on the environment
of Huong river basin, and this is the hot issue now.
According to the statistical data of Hue city People’s
Committee, there are nearly 5,000 fishers living in
inner Hue. Huong River and its tributaries such as
Dong Ba, Bach Dang, Ke Van, Nhu Y are the home
of about 1,069 fishing households with 6,168 fishers.
Ferry-boat is both means of transport for a living and
the home of ten thousands fishers. Hundred of ferry-
boats are placed near each other to create groups at
Gia Hoi bridge, Hen hillock, Bach Dang – Huynh
Thuc Khang, there are about 2 – 10 people at each
ferry-boat, depending on its size. The education level
of each people is low, about 8% of total population
is illiterate, primary and secondary education: 90%,
higher education: 2%; 85% of them have lived at the
Table 1. The discharge of waste matter in waste water into the environment (g per capita per day)
Source : Environment Technology Center - ENTEC, 200)
Figure 1. Forecast average amount of waste matter in waste water at Huong river basin in 2010 and 2020
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4124
24
24
ferry-boat for from 11 to 50 years, the average income
per capita is 117,000 VND per month; 22% of the total
population raise poultry at the ferry-boat and 100% of
them expect to settle on the mainland. Pigs and fish
are raised together to increase more income. There are
about 6 pigs with 40-50 kg in weight in a small ferry-
boat. Waste matter from these pigs and activities of
fishers will be utilised to raise floating fish.
The results of water sample analysis at fishing
village of Chemistry Faculty – Hue University showed
that the content of organic polluted matter is many
times more than the standard level. Average feces
amount of fishers is 100 kg per day, garbage amount is
4 – 5 m3 per day, and no form of collecting garbage is
used. Besides, there are nearly 100 tourism boats and
floating restaurants, and their waste matters is poured
into the river directly without any treatment methods.
Therefore, middle ear inflammation of children, eye
sore, cholera, typhoid and petechical fever become
commonly each year at fishing villages. The flow
speed is small because river-bet isn’t dredged and
waste matter content is high at the section of Huong
River across Dong Ba market and others. Therefore,
it is important and necessary to emigrate out Huong
River.
Accompaning by urbanization, waste matter
also increase, among them household solid waste.
According to the statistical data, its potential impacts
are very high, especially municial solid waste and
industrial one.
According to the Standard of Urban construction
planning by Ministry of Construction, we calculated
that the average living waste amount in 2020 for urban
people will be 1.1 kg per capita per day. Because the
urban population in 2010 is 949.600 people, living
waste amount will be 38,126 tons per year. The quick
increasing of solid waste, especially organic solid
waste, will cause air pollution at urban areas if there
aren’t any methods for collecting and controlling it
absolutely.
In recent years, Hue city development is quite
rapidly and quickly, that make the concentration
of population and economic-commerce-tourism
activities. However, at new urban areas, the area of
land is controlled unrationally; almost of it is used for
housing, while the area of trees, entertainment areas
isn’t appreciated. The urbanization makes the area
for construction increase, simultaneously, the area of
lake and pond is narrowed, almost lakes at the South
of Huong River are filled. Therefore, in a long-time,
all above things will have the harmful impacts on
the environment, quality of puplic services and other
security-social issues. On the other hand, according
to almost planning projects and investment ones,
agricultural soil area is used for constrution ground
without researching the economic-social impacts and
effects for the population and there aren’t methods to
control agricultural soil area rationally.
Besides, infrastructure and urban housing
construction … also change appearance and figure
of urban areas remarkablely. These changes are:
concretion increases and surface absorbent decreases,
surface flow also increase at urban areas, that cause
flood and waterlogging in rainy season, and make dry
season more waterless.
2. The affects of agricultural production
Agricultural production is the economic branch
which has the most impact on the environment. Thua
Thien – Hue is the concentration area of almost
industrial activities of Huong river basin, there are
high-tech industrial enterprises, food processing
businesses, Huda beer factory, Luksvaxi cement one,
some State enterprises (sewerage and drainage, refined
brick, menfrit, car assemblage). Besides, activites of
handicraft villages is concentrated to develop by the
local authorities, such as special meal processing, arts
and crafts, fine arts carpentry, high technical carpentry,
sculpture, wood-carving, export rattan knitting, blond
casting, interior decoration, painting…
The operation of trade villages: One of insolvable
issue of trade villages in Huong river basin is garbage
and waste from enterprises, they are discharged
directly into the river, streams, lakes and pond, and
that causes the pollution. Ex: At O Sa vermicelli
village (Quang Dien district), there are 60 households
making vermicelli, among them 32 households make it
seasonally, 26 ones do frequently, especially there are
3 householdds which make it at big scale (800 – 900
kg per day). Therefore, the waste water amount from
making vermicelli and raising of these households is
nearly 260m3 per day without the treatment methods,
they are discharged directly into the environment and
cause serious pollution. At Van Cu vermicelli village
(Huong Tra district), there are 144 households and
about 288 labours, among them there is only one
household which make it at big scale with modern
technology, the remaining ones make it manually, 1
quintal of vermicelli per day and 3-5m3 waste water
amount per day are discharged. Besides, each houshold
raises about 5-10 pigs, therefore waste water from
raising is poured into the garden and ditch. Waste water
from trade village not only causes the air pollution but
also makes the edge and soil of ponds surrounding the
garden become dead soil, and although many kind of
trees have good vitality (spinach, paddy), they cann’t
exist.
Industrial zones: Industrial production at Huong
river basin is developped in concentrated industrial
zones such as Phu Bai, Tu Ha, Thuan An and others
one at the West, North-East, North-West of this city.
Besides, there are manual mechanics enterprises, food
processing ones which is scattered in residental areas.
The unrational arrange of industrial and home craft
enterprises, factories intermixs residental areas (the
results of unplanned development process) causes
serious pollution of air, soil and water environment
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4 25
and that cause negative impacts on the health of
population.
According to the planning [5], the total area of
industrial zones up to 2020 of Huong river basin will
be 1,350 ha (Phong Dien: 400 ha, Tu Ha: 250 ha, Phu
Da: 250 ha, La Sơn: 300 ha and Quang Vinh: 150 ha).
If waste matter is calculated by the carrying power
norm of Environment Technology Center (Table 2.2),
its amount is shown by the area of industrial zones at
Figure 2.
3. The affects of aquaculture activities at Tam
Giang – Cau Hai
The area of Tam Giang – Cau Hai lagoon is 21,600
ha, it lengthens 68 km and is one of the largest lagoon
of South-East Asia, includes 5 out of 9 districts and
cities of Huong river basin consisting of 31 communes
(about 300,000 people). Because of the excessive
and unplanned exploitation, the natural resources of
this lagoon runs the risk of exhauting, environment
pollution at here is increasing quickly.
Oil pollution exceeds the standard level now, its
content is measuerd: 0.13-0.5 mg/l, the places which
have the high one are: areas near ports, wharfs. The
results of water discharge measurement at Tam Giang
lagoon show that the salty is 0.1-33‰, pH: 6.8-
8.0 and they change continuously and become the
harmful factors for creature of this lagoon [9]. Coastal
agricultural production makes remaining insecticide
amout and that causes water pollution at this lagoon:
insecticide amout remains in water: 0.62mg/l, in
sediment: 33.5 mg/l [5].
There are two methods for developing aquatic
organism at lagoon:
- Fixed exploitation not only obstructs the traffic but
also have the serious impacts on the source of aquatic
products: The local people use bamboo to catch mynah
and utilise small mest of fishing-net to catch small or
big fishs and shrimps at the lagoon.
- Itinarate exploitation have the harmful impacts
on the aquatic products just like fixed one: using
machines and fishing-net to catch almost young fish
at the lagoon. The number of boats and ship increase
about 300 each year (about engine boats and 200
craft ones). There is an average of one boat at each
4-5 ha of water surface of this lagoon; the density of
exploitation activities is dense. In 2015 this density
will be more than 1 exploitation boat per 1 ha of water
surface at the current increasing speed. From the late
1990s (previous century), light oil pollution happened,
the growth of boats and ships and engine capacity were
13.3% per year, therefore more serious oil pollution is
unavoidable now .
The spontaneous development of means of catching
fishs is very quick while the natural production of
Huong river basin reach the maximum threshold, that
cause the reduction of natural reserves. Moreover,
because of lack of knowledge and hard life, many
local people used the unrational catching forms, that
destroyed vegetational cover which is the home, places
of residence and reproduction of species of aquatic
organisms. According to the statistical data of Thua
Thien Hue Department of Fishery, aquatic products
Table 2: Carrying power norm of waste matter is calculated at the average level for one area unit of
industrial zone
Source : Environment Technology Center - ENTEC, 200)
Table 3: The increasing waste matter amount of Huong river basin in 2020, is estimated by the area of
concentrated industrial zones (according to the maximum waste discharge)
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4126
26
26
Figure 2. The increasing discharge of waste matter in Huong river basin in 2020, is estimated by the area of
concentrated industrial zone (according to the maximum waste discharge)
output at Tam Giang – Cau Hai lagoon decreased
approximately in half: from 4,500 ton before 1980 to
about 2,500 tons at present. In order to solve this issue,
the province agencies are coordinating closely with
local authorities and people.
In recent years, sugpo prawn raising gives economic
benefits for local people but it also makes Tam Giang –
Cau Hai lagoon narrowed by the area of prawn raising.
The area of prawn raising are extending without
planning. In ten years, the raising of prawn at low tide
level and mynah make the area of lagoon decrease
10%, about 3,000 ha. The increasing of the area of
prawn raising pouds is the reason which obstructs the
circulation of flow at the lagoon. At Quang An, Quang
Phuoc (Quang Dien province), pond of prawn raising
is dense at lagoon surface. Because of the demand of
raising prawn, industrial waste is increasing quickly;
chemical and foods for aquaculture are poured into
the lagoon that cause local serious pollution, and have
the negative impacts on Tam Giang – Cau Hai lagoon.
Polluted environment cause uncontrolled diseases
indispensably and that have the harmful impact back
on the life of local people. This phenomenon occurs
continuously in Thua Thien Hue in recent years. From
2005 up to now, white or yellow spots diseases….
make serial prawns dead at prawn raising pouds in
Quang Dien, Phu Vang, Phu Loc, Huong Tra district…
Income of many households is lost by the diseases.
At average, millions of waste water from raising
prawn is poured into Tam Giang lagoon, among them,
especially raising prawn by industrial methods. Waste
water from industrial prawn raising has high pollution
content, includes chemicals, antibiotic and organic
sustance from redundant industrial food, if they aren’t
treated, serious pollution will occur at surface water
and coastal sea water.
4. The affects of toursism activities
At present, tourism is the economic branch
which distributes the maximum GDP of the total GDP
in Thua Thien Hue and toursim development is the
socio-economic development trend of this province,
thus it is unable to limit the development of tourism
activities.
Due to Hue ancient capital and Hue Empire
music become world cultural heritages that make Hue
become “the red address” in the world tourism map.
Besides, many cultural properties and entertainment
activities, eating and drinking…. of Hue ancient
capital are still conserved. The tourism development
contributes to give more jobs for many ten thousands
labours of transportation, commerce, industry and
other services. At present, there are 1.4 millions tourists
to Hue each year, the tourism’s turnover reaches about
350 billions VND per year. Developing branches of
services, mainly tourism distributes profuse human
resource and increases the density, economic growth
rate and State fund income. The economic growth rate
17% per year makes Thua Thien Hue become the place
which has the maximum number of tourists in Middle
Region. In 2007, tourism turnover increased 31.2%
more than it in 2006. Material facilities of tourism are
always consolidates and constructed more.
The extending and development of infrastructure
and material facilities at tourism areas have bad
impacts on the ecological environment by dush, the
noise from construction works. Moreover, waste
matters from hotels, restaurant… - are built at Hue
city and some main areas are poured into overloaded
Український географічний журнал - 2011, № 4 27
general drainage system of this city directly that makes
water environment of this river basin more polluted.
Almost main tourism routes has the tour along
Huong river by imperial boat, lantern release festivals
or singing Hue songs happen in Huong river each
night, that is one of reason which cause water pollution
in paticular and ecological environment in general at
areas along Huong river and the downstream.
Soures of pollution are not only poured into
Huong river directly or indirectly but also flown into
its tributaries such as Bach Dang, Dong Ba, Ngu Ha,
Nhu Y. Garbage and waste water in Dong Ba and
Bach Dang river is several tens of times more than
it in Huong river. Ngu Ha river was considered the
drainage system of Hue city, but now its role is over. In
recent years, Hue urban Environment and Contruction
work Company use boats to collect garbage in rivers,
15 tons per day, however, the contamination status at
rivers are more and more serious each day.
At developed tourism areas, controlling garbage
and reserving and developing sustainable tourism
is inadequate. If each tourist turns eliminates into
the environment about 0.3 kg per day in average,
480 tons garbage per day or 175,200 tons per year
must be collected at tourism areas in Huong river
basin in average. Almost waste components is non-
disintergrated organic substance (nylon, spongy
plastic, paper,… ).
In future, this is the area which has many favourable
conditions to develop ecotourism, sightseeing and visit
historical vestiges and because of good infrastructure
and tour guides, it is very necessary to invest, improve,
upgrade and extend tourism areas and all these
activities must be connected environment protection
in general and natural reverve areas preservation in
particular.
III. The conclusion
Sources of waste matters which has high discharge
are from residental areas and urban areas, industry,
aquaculture and tourism. The main places which
receive waste matters is Huong river, its branches,
lakes, ponds in Huong river basin.
In order to reduce the envronment pollution in Huong
river basin, it is necessary to have the comprehensive
planning about industrial parks, invest capital for the
environment protection concentratively in the form
of the combination between the State and enterprises
and control environment situation carefully when any
project about industrial parks investment is given a
licence. At the trade villages, the change of production
forms and the utilization of new technology for their
development, especially traditional trade villages must
be implemented. The local authorities need promote
the current resources, among them the strongest
resource is policies such as concessionary policy about
land, taxes, vocational training, environment fees from
the contribution of enterprises themself.
In order to control environment situation, the
main resolution is preventing environment pollution.
Besides, administrative and economic methods and
tecnology applications must be implemented at the
areas which are polluting.
The project is implemented in the framework
of international cooperation according to Vietnam-
Ucraina Protocol: “Geographic basis in the natural
resources control and exploitation, environment
protection by river basin for the purpose of
sustainable development (The case: Huong river,
Vietnam and Prudna river, Ucraina)”, carried out in
the period 2010-2012.
1. Ministry of Natural resource and Environment (2006), National Environment Situation Report in 2005, Hanoi.
2. Thua Thien Hue Statistics Office (2007), Statistical Year book 2006. Hue city.
3. Pham Ngoc Dang and others (2004). Assessing the process and environment forecast at Northern and Southern Key Economic
Regions and proposing the solutions for environment protection, Construction Puplishing House, Hanoi.
4. Tran Van Quang (2004), Researches for setting up water quality model in Huong river by decomposed organic substance, Technology
dissertation.
5. Decision of Prime Minister no 86/2009/QD-TTg on June 17th 2009 about approving the master planning on socio-economic
development in Thua Thien Hue province up to 2020.
6. Lê Van Thang, Nguyen Dinh Huy (2007) Water environment observation network in Huong river basin, Center of Environment
Resources and Biotechnology – Hue University.
7. Pham Xuan Truong and others (2007), The situation, forecase of socio-economic development and their impacts on natural calamities
process in Huong river basin.
8. Tran Hoang Sa (2010), Report at the Conference of Huong river Protocol Project, Institute of Geography.
9. Thua Thien Hue Department of Natural resources and Environment (2005), Thua Thien Hue Environment situation report 2005.
10. Thua Thien Hue People’s Committee and Department of Technology Science and Environment. “Thua Thien Hue environment
situation in 2002 for the purpose of the research of project: Researching and establishing environment planning at Middle Key
Economic Region”, Hue city, June 2002.
11. Website of của Management Board of Huong River’s projects: www.vnth.vn.
Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi Received 26.10.2011
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