Поглощение воды и водных растворов глинополимерными нанокомпозитами внедрения

• Published in: Мінералогічний журнал
• Date: 2011
• Main Authors: Задвернюк, Г.П., Федоренко, Ю.Г., Павлишин, Г.П.
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Інститут геохімії, мінералогії та рудоутворення ім. М.П. Семененка НАН України 2011
• Subjects: Мінералогiя
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/62958
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Поглощение воды и водных растворов глинополимерными нанокомпозитами внедрения / Г.П. Задвернюк, Ю.Г. Федоренко, Г.П. Павлишин // Мінералогічний журнал. — 2011. — Т. 33, № 3. — С. 50-54. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — рос.

Рассмотрено первичное и повторное поглощение воды и раствора, имитирующего жидкие отходы атомных
 станций, глинополимерными нанокомпозитами внедрения, синтезированными на основе бентонита. Показано,
 что частицы глинополимерного нанокомпозита более эффективно поглощают воду и солевые растворы по
 сравнению с частицами природного бентонита. Розглянуто первинне і повторне поглинання води і
 розчину, який імітує рідкі відходи атомних станцій,
 глинополімерними нанокомпозитами проникнення,
 синтезованими на основі бентоніту. Показано, що частинки глинополімерного нанокомпозита ефективніше поглинають воду і сольові розчини у порівнянні з частинками природного бентоніту. In many cases the use of nanocomposites is restrained by
 insufficient knowledge of their properties. It primarily
 relates to intercalated nanocomposites, especially the nano
 composites with particles size less than 0.6 mm, containing
 a significant amount of clay (>60 %). The research
 is focus on the study of the properties of such na nocomposites.
 The bentonite clay from the Cherkassy deposit
 comprising up to 95 % of Ca-montmorillonite was used
 for the synthesis of nanocomposites. The preliminary
 substitution of Na⁺ cations for Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ cations was
 carried out. The nanocomposites clay-polymer were obtained in the process of free radical polymerization. The
 nanocomposites, dried at 105 ºC with particle size of 0.4 ÷
 0.6 mm were used for experiments. The properties of the nanocomposites to take up
 water and solutions were studied by Enslin method. The
 maximum value of water uptake was 69.45 ml/g. Subsequently,
 the sample was dried on the filter to constant weight and repeated water uptake was examined. In this
 case, the result was 82 ml/g, i. e. in repeated contact with
 water particles absorbed by 18 % more amount water than
 during first water uptake. The increase in water uptake is
 due to nonuniform polymerization (in volume and time),
 which resulted in deformation of some polymer chains and
 only after water absorption, polymer chains have a chance
 to take a more low-energy position. Since this phenomenon
 was observed for particle size of less than 0.6 mm, it can
 be assumed that the crystallites or aggregates of intercalated
 nanocomposites clay-polymer are the sites of the beginning
 of acrylamide polymerization. The rate of water re-absorption was lower than in
 case of the primary water uptake up to period of time of
 1000 min and was constant to 5000 min while the rate of
 primary absorption decreased substantially after 1000 min.
 The sorption capacity of nanocomposites for solutions
 simulating waste of nuclear power plants was 18 ml/g that was higher than absorption by natural bentonite (3.4 ml/g). Thus, the intercalated nanocomposites clay-polymer
 could be promising materials as components of the geochemical and water insulating barriers.