Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine
Представлена загальна характеристика основних підрозділів обслуговування вантажопотоків в Україні, які формують різноманітні транспортно-технологічні системи. Розкрито найболючіші проблеми їх розвитку та винайдено шляхи вирішення проблемних питань....
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| Опубліковано в: : | Економічні інновації |
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| Дата: | 2012 |
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| Мова: | Англійська |
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Інститут проблем ринку та економіко-екологічних досліджень НАН України
2012
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| Цитувати: | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine / N. Khalinovskaya // Економічні інновації: Зб. наук. пр. — Одеса: ІПРЕЕД НАН України, 2012. — Вип. 50. — С. 275-280. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. —англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859854818404728832 |
|---|---|
| author | Khalinovskaya, N. |
| author_facet | Khalinovskaya, N. |
| citation_txt | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine / N. Khalinovskaya // Економічні інновації: Зб. наук. пр. — Одеса: ІПРЕЕД НАН України, 2012. — Вип. 50. — С. 275-280. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. —англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Економічні інновації |
| description | Представлена загальна характеристика основних підрозділів обслуговування вантажопотоків в Україні, які формують різноманітні транспортно-технологічні системи. Розкрито найболючіші проблеми їх розвитку та винайдено шляхи вирішення проблемних питань.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:43:15Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
275 2012
Економічні інновації
Випуск 50
UDC 656.073/235(477)
MODERN TRANSFORMATION OF TRANSPORT-
TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ТРАНСПОРТНО-
ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ УКРАИНЫ
Natali Khalinovskaya
Халіновська Наталія
Представлена загальна характеристика основних підрозділів
обслуговування вантажопотоків в Україні, які формують різноманітні
транспортно-технологічні системи. Розкрито найболючіші проблеми їх
розвитку та винайдено шляхи вирішення проблемних питань.
The use of the most important areas of scientific and technological progress
led to the achievement of the overall consistency of the transport complex needs of
international economic relations and the relative stability of the global market.
In Ukraine, with an unproven structure of transport business management the
task of commodity goods delivery acceleration is not solved. Domestic transport
system is not consistent with the principle of complexity. The imbalance of major
divisions on the basis of the criterion of timeliness traffic reduces the transit potential
of the country. It is therefore necessary to plan effective technologies and encourage
usage of transport capacity of interacting units of production infrastructure. [2]
In general case, transportation has become a condition for the economic
independence of any country and one of the most efficient branches, which promotes
the growth of industries, and promotes the growth of business and macroeconomic
performance. Gross revenues from transport and other units operating activities due to
higher volumes of work and due to the effective use of the potential in world trade
routes, provides complete coverage of operating costs and the formation of necessary
expanded reproduction of savings. [5]
The complexity of the selection, ordering, ranking and justification of
adaptive development economic instruments of transport is determined by the
increase of the principles of division and cooperation of labor in the
internationalization of transport and technological systems.
Purpose of the article is to systematize approaches to priority optimization of
transport and technological systems.
Management of the control of transport and technological systems parameters
should be based on outcomes linked to the resources and real freight and capacity.
The selection of criteria for the of transport and technological systems
operation and development evaluation with the general characteristics of the transport
market and other environmental factors should be based on the data analysis of the
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qualitative parameters of participation in transport and technological systems and
their dependence on the implementation of an investment program.
Inclusion of Ukraine in the European economic relations and the global
market requires the connection trans-Ukrainian areas of international transport
corridors to other international corridors and transport centers. The best performance
of such transport-interactions may be gained only when the quality and new
technologies harmonious freight transshipment processes are incurred.
Ukraine is located in the geographical center of Europe, which drew attention
to its foreign policy, economic associations, financial and industrial corporations, and
individual companies.
Ukraine has a highly profitable manufactures in the chemical industry,
metallurgy, it has rich lands, 18 seaports, developed network of railways and
highways that are included in the European transport system, and provides links with
the countries of the CIS. Nowadays there are a lot of joint ventures which already
work with foreign partners-representatives of the world's leading manufacturers and
marketers of fertilizers, metals, grains, and other industrial products. [1]
Providing investments, foreign partners often give us older technologies of
transportation and cargo handling through dedicated terminals. The negative aspects
of this situation are compounded by the high cost of specialized terminals and their
total dependence on the market conditions of the goods.
Transport corridors in Western and Central Europe are joined together by
organizations representing the coordination body of the Association of network traffic
centers in Europe. The main objectives of such activities are the dissemination and
practical implementation of the idea of transportation centers in Europe, the creation
of reasonably located logistics centers in the European transport corridors, the
development of combined transport, the creation and development of a network
between public transport centers in Europe and beyond, to provide information and
documentation concerning transport centers EEC governments, regional governments,
interested organizations and so on, the development of proposals for the European
transport policy, trade activity.
The central element in the European transport corridors are transportation
centers that operate in several regions of Europe. Conceptions of their activities are
different. Some centers are based on the basis of combining road and rail transport,
and other associated marine and road transport, a number of centers designed for all
four modes. Usually centers organize the delivery of goods by various modes of
transport, using the handling complexes, depending on the type of cargo.
Any shipment process (first of all – the cargo loose) is labor-intensive, costly-
full and polluting operation. The major drawback of the most specialized systems for
bulk goods includes: acting, built and planned port highly mechanized bulk cargo
handling complexes (in particular - carbamide, phosphorus, potassium) in the
Ukrainian ports of Yuzhniy and Illichivsk is characterized by high unit capacity, lack
of environmental reliability and high cost, technically complex, uniquely equipped
(which requires high expenditure on maintenance and high-level staff). [4]
One of the Dutch consulting firm that performs research on the assessment of
the possible environmental impact of the terminal on an shipment of potassium
chloride, came to the following conclusion: each process step of the terminal is the
source of the dust, and a mechanical method of transferring large amounts of fertilizer
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creates dust indoors, one way to reduce this dust is to keep all transport
communications in buildings and to provide vacuum storage space, as well as air
filtration and its release into the atmosphere from the dust concentration of 10 mg per
cubic meter. Effectiveness of the fight for the clean environment is defined by
performance requirements of maintenance of the filters.
The main drawback of the known transshipment facilities is conservative
technology of their work, which does not allow improving of the related systems in
the first place - the chemical industry and transportation. Thus, manufacturers are
forced to produce potassium chloride energy-intensive drying and disposed of in
dumping millions of tons of salt, nitrogen fertilizer use granulation and processing of
the final product anti-conglomerating agent. Fertilizer delivery in the hoppers makes
the return journey back many kilometers of transport. Thus, in practice, to preserve
the existing system of storage and use of fertilizers, wherein the energy-material and
labor-intensive process, high losses of fertilizers and, in fact, are environmentally
hazardous.
Similar lacks are the feature of rail trans-shipment complexes, which provide
hoppers processing services, box cars and open-wagons with chemical goods
transportation in bulk. These complexes have a high environmental risk and
permanent repair of cars is caused by their discharge technology. Packing of bulk
cargo in bags and big bags, except increasing complexity shipment, causes very
complex problem and dispose of container.
How to solve these problems? Obviously, for the creation of highly efficient
and environmentally safe handling complexes to apply a new technology of shipment,
consistent with the production technologies, environmental services, transportation
and use of goods, that is, to apply harmonized technology [7]. Harmonious material
handling technology provides:
- Delivery of materials in process containers in bulk, hydro-resistant,
monolithic, or liquid form;
- Environmentally safe transport of the material in a "capacity - pipeline -
tank" by means of gravity, pneumatic or hydraulic powers;
- Shipment of containers with the use of rolling method.
These technologies are implemented through the following types of
technological containers:
- Flexible containers, trays, which allow the use of existing vehicles (box
cars, open-wagons, coppers, rigid containers, vessels of various types), and to develop
a new universal design vehicles that provide the possibility of organizing shuttles
bulk, liquid and general cargo;
- Specialized containers that provide an environmentally safe material
discharge as a handling system, and the consumer, with the discharge of soluble
materials may be in the form of solutions of given concentration;
- Containers convector designed for comprehensive delivery of various
chemicals and metals.
The use of technological-containers allows to provide shipments with the use
of the existing container berths, ro-ro berths, rail handling complexes. The railway
container platforms and ramps are also can be used for the service to the domestic
demand. In this case, the problem is solved by wagon delivery of chemical goods,
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excluding the need for large storage areas, the loss of material and the freezing of
funds.
The distinguished interest forms the creation of universal hydro-resistant port
complexes. The multichannel shipment provides the use of high performance
systems, and flexible buffer tanks and piping systems allow to minimize the cost.
Implementation of these systems in block-modular design will significantly reduce
the time of construction and installation work. The application of these systems can
upgrade the hydro-shipment highly specialized handling complexes. These complexes
can be set to the current terminal. Unlike modernization based on traditional
technologies, require a solid investment funds, setting of hydro-shipment complex
can be made with minimal effort.
Side-by-side with stationary handling system, floating systems can also be
created, that (together with the multi-purpose vessels) can significantly improve the
efficiency of water transport. Floating handling complexes provide a significant
increase in the intensity of treatment ships; the replacement of a ballast with cargo for
ships (which will increase the safety of navigation). Development and implementation
of block floating processing containers allows to create a system of safe
transportation of bulk and liquid cargo by sea.
The analysis of the efficiency of the basic systems of the existing transport
routes arrived to the following conclusions:
Conclusions. Logistical principles of industrial and transport subsystems
interaction as the form of communications integration take a special place in the
course of an intensification of economic processes. The intensification of any
economic relations in the transport system is aimed toward concentration of
resources; importance of processing acceleration of goods and transport traffics
therefore increases. Interaction of the enterprises entering into various organizational-
legal structures goes deep. Complication of communications, expansion of labor co-
operation scales causes expediency of the reserves realization lying on joints of
economic interests.
At a substantiation of development strategy of port stabilization directions in
transport market system the major criterion, except profitableness level, it is
considered intensity of productions. The criterion of time minimization of an exit on
new or desirable level of harmonious technology provides purpose achievement on
competitiveness parameters.
Already at the first stage of harmonious technologies introduction in system
"Transport", matching devices will allow to modernize existing vehicles on the basis
of technological containers-insert application, and also to modernize existing and to
create new highly effective and ecologically safe reloading complexes. Thus there is a
possibility to reduce idle times and "unload" run of vehicles by increasing the
mechanization level of cargo handling works and the organization of shuttle
transportations, to pass from raw export to high technology, and to reduce
transportation costs.
Introduction of harmonic technologies will allow to modernize warehouses
and installations in order to minimize the loose of materials unloading, mechanisms
for application of bulk materials and to create the system of consumers service
maintenance of technological materials.
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To exclude loosing of millions of tons of the materials polluting atmosphere,
water, soil.
Introduction of harmonious technologies is expedient for beginning with
stage-by-stage creation on the base of demonstration and production technological
service lines for industrial and agricultural consumers.
Creation of industrial&technological lines base will allow to solve technical,
technological and organizational problems of harmonious technologies introduction,
their advertising, typification and duplicating.
Referenses
1. Ансофф И. Новая корпоративная стратегия. СПб.: ПИТЕР, 2009. –
413с.
2. Голиков Е.А. Маркетинг и логистика. М: "Дашков и Ко", 1999. – 410с.
3. Иванов Г.Г. Международная морская организация. – Одесса:
ЛАТСТАР, 1999. – 388с.
4. Ларнер В.К. Основные положения государственной морской
транспортной политики. – М.: Союзморниипроект, 2005. – 75с.
5. Макконнелл К.Р., Брю С.Л. Экономикс: принципы, проблемы,
политика /Пер. с англ. – 11-го изд. Киев: Хатар-Демос, 1993. – 785с.
6. Сакс Дж. Д., Ларрен Б.Ф. Макроэкономика. Глобальный подход. – М.:
"Дело", 1996. – 847с.
Аннотация
Представлена общая характеристика основных подразделений
обслуживания грузопотоков в Украине, которые формируют основные
транспортно-технологические системы. Раскрыты наибольшие проблемы их
развития и найдены пути решения проблемных вопросов.
Логистические принципы взаимодействия производственных и
транспортных подсистем как форма интеграционных связей занимают особое
место в процессе интенсификации хозяйственных процессов. Интенсификация
любых хозяйственных отношений в системе транспортных отношений нацелена
на концентрацию ресурсов, поэтому возрастает значение ускорения обработки
грузовых и транспортных потоков. Углубляется взаимодействие предприятий,
входящих в различные организационно-правовые структуры. Усложнение
связей, расширение масштабов кооперации труда обусловливает
целесообразность реализации резервов, лежащих на стыках хозяйственных
интересов.
При обосновании стратегии развития направлений стабилизации порта в
транспортной рыночной системе важнейшим критерием, кроме уровня
прибыльности, считается интенсивность производственных процессов.
Критерий минимизации времени выхода на новый или желаемый уровень
гармоничной технологии обеспечивает достижение цели по параметрам
конкурентоспособности.
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Уже на первом этапе внедрения гармоничных технологий в системе
"Транспорт" согласующие устройства позволят модернизировать
существующие транспортные средства на основе применения технологических
контейнеров-вкладышей, а также модернизировать существующие и создать
новые высокоэффективные и экологически безопасные перегрузочные
комплексы. При этом появляется возможность сократить простои и "холостые"
пробеги транспортных средств путем повышения уровня механизации
погрузочно-разгрузочных работ и организации челночных перевозок, перейти
от сырьевого экспорта к наукоемкому и уменьшить транспортные расходы.
Внедрение гармоничных технологий позволит модернизировать склады
и установки разгрузки сыпучих материалов, механизмы для внесения
удобрений и создать систему сервисного обеспечения потребителей
технологическими материалами.
Исключить потерю миллионов тонн сыпучих материалов, загрязняющих
атмосферу, воду, почву.
Внедрение гармоничных технологий целесообразно начинать с
поэтапного создания базовых демонстрационно-производственных
технологических линий сервисного обеспечения промышленных и
сельскохозяйственных потребителей.
Создание базовых производственно-технологических линий позволит
решить технические, технологические и организационные проблемы внедрения
гармоничных технологий, их рекламы, типизации и тиражирования.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-67281 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | XXXX-0066 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:43:15Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Інститут проблем ринку та економіко-екологічних досліджень НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Khalinovskaya, N. 2014-08-30T18:39:04Z 2014-08-30T18:39:04Z 2012 Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine / N. Khalinovskaya // Економічні інновації: Зб. наук. пр. — Одеса: ІПРЕЕД НАН України, 2012. — Вип. 50. — С. 275-280. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. —англ. XXXX-0066 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/67281 656.073/235(477) Представлена загальна характеристика основних підрозділів обслуговування вантажопотоків в Україні, які формують різноманітні транспортно-технологічні системи. Розкрито найболючіші проблеми їх розвитку та винайдено шляхи вирішення проблемних питань. en Інститут проблем ринку та економіко-екологічних досліджень НАН України Економічні інновації Пов'язані системи Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine Современные трансформации транспортно- технологических систем Украины Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine Khalinovskaya, N. Пов'язані системи |
| title | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine |
| title_alt | Современные трансформации транспортно- технологических систем Украины |
| title_full | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine |
| title_fullStr | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine |
| title_short | Modern transformation of transport- technological systems of Ukraine |
| title_sort | modern transformation of transport- technological systems of ukraine |
| topic | Пов'язані системи |
| topic_facet | Пов'язані системи |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/67281 |
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