Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects
At RFNC-VNIIEF there was started up a compact LU-7-2 linear electron accelerator designed for industrial application in the field of radiography of objects with a large mass thickness as well as for development of radiation technologies. For accelerator microwave power supply there was used a magnet...
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| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Date: | 2001 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2001
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| Cite this: | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects / I.V. Shorikov, N.V. Zavyalov, V.I. Inkov, N.P. Sitnikov, V.P. Tarantasov, A.V. Telnov, Yu.A. Khokhlov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 12-14. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859947344491970560 |
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| author | Shorikov, I.V. Zavyalov, N.V. Inkov, V.I. Sitnikov, N.P. Tarantasov, V.P. Telnov, A.V. Khokhlov, Yu.A. |
| author_facet | Shorikov, I.V. Zavyalov, N.V. Inkov, V.I. Sitnikov, N.P. Tarantasov, V.P. Telnov, A.V. Khokhlov, Yu.A. |
| citation_txt | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects / I.V. Shorikov, N.V. Zavyalov, V.I. Inkov, N.P. Sitnikov, V.P. Tarantasov, A.V. Telnov, Yu.A. Khokhlov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 12-14. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | At RFNC-VNIIEF there was started up a compact LU-7-2 linear electron accelerator designed for industrial application in the field of radiography of objects with a large mass thickness as well as for development of radiation technologies. For accelerator microwave power supply there was used a magnetron operating on a wavelength of 10.7 cm with a pulse power of 2.5 MW. Accelerating structure was created on the basis of a circular disc-loaded waveguide with varying geometry of accelerating cells, operating on a traveling wave of 2π/3 mode. Electrons are injected by a diode type 50 kV electron gun. The achieved parameters allow to use the accelerator for radiography of objects with a large mass thickness.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:15:00Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
COMPACT ELECTRON LINAC LU-7-2 FOR RADIOGRAPHY
OF LARGE-SCALE OBJECTS
I.V. Shorikov, N.V. Zavyalov, V.I. Inkov, N.P. Sitnikov, V.P. Tarantasov, A.V. Tel-
nov, Yu.A. Khokhlov
Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of Experimental
Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF)
607190, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod region, the Russian Federation
telnov@expd.vniief.ru
At RFNC-VNIIEF there was started up a compact LU-7-2 linear electron accelerator designed for industrial applica-
tion in the field of radiography of objects with a large mass thickness as well as for development of radiation tech-
nologies.
For accelerator microwave power supply there was used a magnetron operating on a wavelength of 10.7 cm with a
pulse power of 2.5 MW. Accelerating structure was created on the basis of a circular disc-loaded waveguide with
varying geometry of accelerating cells, operating on a traveling wave of 2π/3 mode. Electrons are injected by a
diode type 50 kV electron gun.
The achieved parameters allow to use the accelerator for radiography of objects with a large mass thickness.
PACS number: 29.17.+w
1 INTRODUCTION
In radiography field there exists a number of prob-
lems for whose solving most preferably is to use rather
mobile and at the same time powerful sources of hard
quanta- emission. For example:
- flaw detection of large-scale and stationary facilities;
- flaw detection at emergency, when the time factor ac-
quires a determinative meaning (flaw detection in the
real time mode);
- flaw detection in the areas located far from the
sources of power supply;
- radiography of objects at customs to increase a trans-
mission capacity and control quality of shipped loads.
Linear electron accelerators are rather effective for
solution of these problems as they stand out among oth-
er sources of ionizing radiation, first of all in high ener-
gy and power of generated radiation. The use of porta-
tive linear accelerators also can turn out an economical-
ly beneficial solution for many productions whose tech-
nological cycle does not require constant application of
such type devices.
RFNC-VNIIEF has developed and put into service
a compact linear electron accelerator LU-7-2 designed
for industrial use in the field of radiography of objects
with a large mass thickness [1] and for development of
radiation technologies.
2 ACCELERATOR DESIGN
As a source of microwave power a MI-456A mag-
netron [2] for accelerator was used. Its main characteris-
tics are:
•pulsed power....................................2.5 MW;
•off-duty factor..................................(600-2000);
•pulse duration.................................. (3.8-10) µs;
•operating frequency range............... (2797±5) MHz;
•standing-wave factor of load........... no more than 1.5;
•magnetron mass............................... 7.1 kg.
Accelerator accelerating structure is designed on the
basis of a circular disc-loaded waveguide (CDLW) op-
erating on the 2π/3 mode on traveling wave.
A flow diagram of LU-7-2 accelerator is given in
Fig. 1. The magnetron and electron gun were supplied
from one 50 kV modulator. To isolate the magnetron
from the accelerator a three-port circulator was applied.
Microwave power was input into the accelerating struc-
ture through the input mode converter (MC). The
residue of the unconsumed microwave power was re-
moved through the output MC into the absorbing load
with water cooling.
9
4
9
65
1 2
8
10
7
3
10
water water
50kV
Fig. 1. Accelerator flow diagram:
1 - magnetron; 2 - circulator; 3 - electron gun;
4 - input MC; 5 - accelerating structure; 6 - output
MC; 7 - output device; 8 - solenoid; 9 - vacuum
magnetic-discharge pump; 10 - absorbing load.
Magnetic focusing of the electron beam was per-
formed by a constant longitudinal magnetic field formed
by the solenoid.
To inject electrons into the accelerator, one used a
50 kV electron gun of diode type with a flat impregnat-
ed cathode of 6 mm diameter.
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 2001. №5.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (39), с. 12-14.
12
During operation a magnetic-discharge pump of
NORD-100 type supported vacuum in the accelerator at
the level of 1.1·10-4 Pa.
The accelerated electron beam was output in the at-
mosphere through a two-layer titanium-aluminium foil
of 40mcm thickness.
Thermostabilization (with accuracy of ±0.5oC) of ac-
celerating section was provided with the aid of water
cooling circuit.
3 CALCULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL
PARAMETERS OF ACCELERATOR
Calculation of parameters of accelerating structure
and electrons dynamics was carried out with the aid of
DINEX program developed at VNIIEF [1]. The pro-
gram algorithm was realized through the use of refer-
ence data [3], experimental results obtained at develop-
ment of previous accelerators [4] and numerical meth-
ods.
To reach the required output electron power, there
was selected a CDLW variable geometry with a change
of load factor over the whole structure length.
As a result of calculations performed we have ob-
tained expected parameters of accelerated electron beam
at accelerator’s operating frequency of 2797 MHz and
average microwave supply power of 4 kW.
•accelerated electron energies...................... (6-7) MeV;
•average power of electron beam................. 2 kW.
Thus, the weight of CDLW with input and output MC,
electron gun and output device is about 70 kg at 1.7 m
accelerator’s length.
Physics start-up and further testing of the accelerator
in different operation modes were carried out on a spe-
cially produced stand. To provide magnetic focusing, at
initial stages of the work a laboratory solenoid provid-
ing a magnetic field strength on the axis up to 0.2 T was
used. This allowed us to determine experimentally opti-
mal solenoid parameters that would be used in the trans-
portable accelerator variant.
The accelerator was tested at an average magnetron
microwave power of 2.2 kW, 4 ms pulse duration and
250 Hz pulse repetition rate. A pulsed value of injection
voltage supplied onto the electron gun was 50 keV.
The optimal solenoid magnetic field strength on the
accelerator’s axis was in the range from 0.03 to 0.05 T.
The field strength was selected by the average current
and the accelerated electron beam profile that was taken
with the aid of radiation monitoring film placed at a dis-
tance of 20 mm from the outlet foil (Fig. 2). Equidensi-
ties and their values in the figure show the relative dis-
tribution of the dose absorbed over the beam cross-sec-
tion.
The average accelerated electron current was mea-
sured with the help of the Faraday cylinder. Electron en-
ergies were measured by the method of electron beam
absorption when the beam passed through a set of alu-
minum plates.
As a result of accelerator tests we have obtained the
following parameters of the accelerated electron beam:
•output energy............................................6.5 MeV;
•average power of electron beam.............. 1.2 kW.
The operating frequency was 2797.3 MHz.
1 2 3 4 5 6
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
3.33 2.67 2 1.33
0.667
transversal size, mm
tra
ns
ve
rs
al
si
ze
, m
m
Fig. 2. Dose distribution of electron beam density at a
distance 20 mm from the accelerator outlet foil.
4 CONCLUSION
The accelerator tests have demonstrated that calcula-
tion and experimentally measured characteristics of
electron beam agree with each other.
The accelerator is made rather compact and has a
relatively small weight that makes it suitable for imple-
menting of a transportable variant. Besides, it possesses
a sufficient power in order to be applied for radiography
of large-scale objects and items with a large mass thick-
ness in the real time mode.
Rise of the average power of accelerator’s mi-
crowave supply up to 4 kW will permit an increase of
the average power of accelerator’s electron beam no less
than up to 2 kW.
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 2001. №5.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (39), с. 13-14.
13
γ ,e
Module of
control
Signaling
unit
Camera of
outer survey
Systems of radiation
control and
registering
Module
of
radiation
Module of high-
voltage pulse
generator
Module of low-
voltage sources of
supply and switching
Diesel electric
generator
Module of
temperature
stabilization
Fig. 3. Block-diagram of the radiography complex.
The new accelerator is supposed to be employed as a
part of transportable radiography complex that will be
able to solve the most wide range of problems: begin-
ning with radiography of large-scale objects and ending
with investigations and employment of radiation tech-
nologies in different fields.
The whole complex, for the sake of maintainability,
will have a module structure. Each module will involve
one or several accelerator’s systems joined by a func-
tional attribute. Modules will be either transportable or
will possess media for convenient transportation.
To provide an independent electric supply, the com-
plex will comprise a Diesel electric generator. Fig. 3
shows one of the variants of a radiography complex
block-diagram.
The radiography complex can be transported by two
trucks or by a railway platform.
REFERENCES
1. I.V.Shorikov, A.V.Telnov, I.V.Devyatkin. et al.
The design of transportable linear electron accelera-
tor for gammagraphy of large-scale objects (in Rus-
sian) // Problems of Atomic Science and Technolo-
gy. Issue: Nuclear-Physics Research (29-30). 1997,
v. 2-3, p. 42-44.
2. G.G.Kozorezov. Magnetrons with a ferrite isolator
for electron accelerators // Abstracts of All-Russia
Seminar on RF Vacuum Electronics. NIIPF RAN.
Nizhni Novgorod. 2001.
3. O.A.Val’dner, N.P.Sobenin, B.V.Zverev,
I.S.Shchedrin. Diaphragmatic waveguides: Refer-
ence Book. - 3-rd issue, rev. and suppl. Moscow:
Energoatomizdat, 1991.
4. N.V.Zavyalov, Yu.A.Khokhlov, A.V.Telnov et al.
Electron Linear Accelerator LU-10-20 // Proc of
XVIII International Linac Conference, Compendi-
um on Scientific Linacs. Geneva. 26-30 Aug. 1996.
p. 159.
14
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| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-78370 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:15:00Z |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Shorikov, I.V. Zavyalov, N.V. Inkov, V.I. Sitnikov, N.P. Tarantasov, V.P. Telnov, A.V. Khokhlov, Yu.A. 2015-03-15T19:35:04Z 2015-03-15T19:35:04Z 2001 Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects / I.V. Shorikov, N.V. Zavyalov, V.I. Inkov, N.P. Sitnikov, V.P. Tarantasov, A.V. Telnov, Yu.A. Khokhlov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 12-14. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78370 At RFNC-VNIIEF there was started up a compact LU-7-2 linear electron accelerator designed for industrial application in the field of radiography of objects with a large mass thickness as well as for development of radiation technologies. For accelerator microwave power supply there was used a magnetron operating on a wavelength of 10.7 cm with a pulse power of 2.5 MW. Accelerating structure was created on the basis of a circular disc-loaded waveguide with varying geometry of accelerating cells, operating on a traveling wave of 2π/3 mode. Electrons are injected by a diode type 50 kV electron gun. The achieved parameters allow to use the accelerator for radiography of objects with a large mass thickness. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects Малогабаритный линейный ускоритель электронов для гаммаграфии крупных объектов Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects Shorikov, I.V. Zavyalov, N.V. Inkov, V.I. Sitnikov, N.P. Tarantasov, V.P. Telnov, A.V. Khokhlov, Yu.A. |
| title | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| title_alt | Малогабаритный линейный ускоритель электронов для гаммаграфии крупных объектов |
| title_full | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| title_fullStr | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| title_short | Compact electron linac LU-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| title_sort | compact electron linac lu-7-2 for radiography of large-scale objects |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78370 |
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