Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter
The paper describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The ILU-10 accelerator generates the vertical electron beam. The beam line turns the beam through an angle of 90° and tran...
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| Cite this: | Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter / V.L. Auslender, A.A. Bryazgin, V.G. Cheskidov, I.V. Gornakov, E.N. Kokin, G.I. Kuznetsov, A.N. Lukin, I.G. Makarov, S. A. Maximov, V.E. Nekhaev, G.N. Ostreiko, A.D. Panfilov, V.M. Radchenko, N.D. Romashko, A.V. Sidorov, M.A. Tiunov, V.O. Tkachenko, A.F. Tuvik, L.A. Voronin, B.L. Faktorovich // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 21-23. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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Auslender, V.L. Bryazgin, A.A. Cheskidov, V.G. Gornakov, I.V. Kokin, E.N. Kuznetsov, G.I. Lukin, A.N. Makarov, I.G. Maximov, S. A. Nekhaev, V.E. Ostreiko, G.N. Panfilov, A.D. Radchenko, V.M. Romashko, N.D. Sidorov, A.V. Tiunov, M.A. Tkachenko, V.O. Tuvik, A.F. Voronin, L.A. Faktorovich, B.L. 2015-03-18T14:02:07Z 2015-03-18T14:02:07Z 2004 Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter / V.L. Auslender, A.A. Bryazgin, V.G. Cheskidov, I.V. Gornakov, E.N. Kokin, G.I. Kuznetsov, A.N. Lukin, I.G. Makarov, S. A. Maximov, V.E. Nekhaev, G.N. Ostreiko, A.D. Panfilov, V.M. Radchenko, N.D. Romashko, A.V. Sidorov, M.A. Tiunov, V.O. Tkachenko, A.F. Tuvik, L.A. Voronin, B.L. Faktorovich // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 21-23. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78476 The paper describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The ILU-10 accelerator generates the vertical electron beam. The beam line turns the beam through an angle of 90° and transports the beam to the vertically posed Xray converter to generate the horizontal beam of X-rays. Приводиться опис прискорювача електронів ІЛУ-10 на енергію 5 МеВ потужністю 50 кВт, спеціально розробленого для таких комплексів. Для спрощення конструкції конвеєрної системи подачі оброблюваної продукції в зону опромінення використовується випускний пристрій з поворотом пучка на 90 градусів інаступною конвертацією електронного пучка в гамма-випромінювання на вертикально розташованій мішені. Приводится описание ускорителя электронов ИЛУ-10 на энергию 5 МэВ мощностью 50 кВт, специально разработанного для таких комплексов. Для упрощения конструкции конвейерной системы подачи обрабатываемой продукции в зону облучения используется выпускное устройство с поворотом пучка на 90 градусов и последующей конвертацией электронного пучка в гамма-излучение на вертикально расположенной мишени. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Состояние действующих и проекты новых ускорителей Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter Прискорювач електронів 5 МэВ 50 кВт з гальмовою мішенню Ускоритель электронов 5 МэВ 50 кВт с тормозной мишенью Article published earlier |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter |
| spellingShingle |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter Auslender, V.L. Bryazgin, A.A. Cheskidov, V.G. Gornakov, I.V. Kokin, E.N. Kuznetsov, G.I. Lukin, A.N. Makarov, I.G. Maximov, S. A. Nekhaev, V.E. Ostreiko, G.N. Panfilov, A.D. Radchenko, V.M. Romashko, N.D. Sidorov, A.V. Tiunov, M.A. Tkachenko, V.O. Tuvik, A.F. Voronin, L.A. Faktorovich, B.L. Состояние действующих и проекты новых ускорителей |
| title_short |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter |
| title_full |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter |
| title_fullStr |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter |
| title_sort |
electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 mev and beam power up to 50 kw with х-ray converter |
| author |
Auslender, V.L. Bryazgin, A.A. Cheskidov, V.G. Gornakov, I.V. Kokin, E.N. Kuznetsov, G.I. Lukin, A.N. Makarov, I.G. Maximov, S. A. Nekhaev, V.E. Ostreiko, G.N. Panfilov, A.D. Radchenko, V.M. Romashko, N.D. Sidorov, A.V. Tiunov, M.A. Tkachenko, V.O. Tuvik, A.F. Voronin, L.A. Faktorovich, B.L. |
| author_facet |
Auslender, V.L. Bryazgin, A.A. Cheskidov, V.G. Gornakov, I.V. Kokin, E.N. Kuznetsov, G.I. Lukin, A.N. Makarov, I.G. Maximov, S. A. Nekhaev, V.E. Ostreiko, G.N. Panfilov, A.D. Radchenko, V.M. Romashko, N.D. Sidorov, A.V. Tiunov, M.A. Tkachenko, V.O. Tuvik, A.F. Voronin, L.A. Faktorovich, B.L. |
| topic |
Состояние действующих и проекты новых ускорителей |
| topic_facet |
Состояние действующих и проекты новых ускорителей |
| publishDate |
2004 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Прискорювач електронів 5 МэВ 50 кВт з гальмовою мішенню Ускоритель электронов 5 МэВ 50 кВт с тормозной мишенью |
| description |
The paper describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power
up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The ILU-10 accelerator generates the vertical electron beam. The beam line turns the beam through an angle of 90° and transports the beam to the vertically posed Xray converter to generate the horizontal beam of X-rays.
Приводиться опис прискорювача електронів ІЛУ-10 на енергію 5 МеВ потужністю 50 кВт, спеціально
розробленого для таких комплексів. Для спрощення конструкції конвеєрної системи подачі оброблюваної
продукції в зону опромінення використовується випускний пристрій з поворотом пучка на 90 градусів інаступною конвертацією електронного пучка в гамма-випромінювання на вертикально розташованій
мішені.
Приводится описание ускорителя электронов ИЛУ-10 на энергию 5 МэВ мощностью 50 кВт, специально разработанного для таких комплексов. Для упрощения конструкции конвейерной системы подачи обрабатываемой продукции в зону облучения используется выпускное устройство с поворотом пучка на 90 градусов и последующей конвертацией электронного пучка в гамма-излучение на вертикально расположенной мишени.
|
| issn |
1562-6016 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78476 |
| citation_txt |
Electron accelerator for energy up to 5.0 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW with Х-ray converter / V.L. Auslender, A.A. Bryazgin, V.G. Cheskidov, I.V. Gornakov, E.N. Kokin, G.I. Kuznetsov, A.N. Lukin, I.G. Makarov, S. A. Maximov, V.E. Nekhaev, G.N. Ostreiko, A.D. Panfilov, V.M. Radchenko, N.D. Romashko, A.V. Sidorov, M.A. Tiunov, V.O. Tkachenko, A.F. Tuvik, L.A. Voronin, B.L. Faktorovich // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 21-23. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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2025-11-27T08:20:36Z |
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| fulltext |
ELECTRON ACCELERATOR FOR ENERGY UP TO 5.0 MeV
AND BEAM POWER UP TO 50 kW WITH X-RAY CONVERTER
V.L. Auslender, A.A. Bryazgin, V.G. Cheskidov, I.V. Gornakov, E.N. Kokin, G.I. Kuznetsov,
A.N. Lukin, I.G. Makarov, S. A. Maximov, V.E. Nekhaev, G.N. Ostreiko, A.D. Panfilov,
V.M. Radchenko, N.D. Romashko, A.V. Sidorov, M.A. Tiunov, V.O. Tkachenko, A.F. Tuvik,
L.A. Voronin, B.L. Faktorovich
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics,
11, Academician Lavrentiev avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia;
E-mail: vtkachen@inp.nsk.su
The paper describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power
up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The ILU-10 accelerator generates the vertical elec-
tron beam. The beam line turns the beam through an angle of 90° and transports the beam to the vertically posed X-
ray converter to generate the horizontal beam of X-rays.
PACS: 29.17.+w
Since 1970, BINP SB RAS has been developing and
manufacturing the ILU-type electron accelerators for the
applications in the research and industrial radiation-
technological installations. The design and schematic
solutions of the installations envisage a continuous
round-the-clock operation under conditions of industrial
production.
The ILU-type accelerators overlap the energy range
from 0.7 to 5 MeV at an accelerated beam power of up
to 50 kW. The intrinsic features of these accelerators are
the simple design, ease in maintenance and the long
term reliable operation under conditions of industrial
production. Table shows the basic parameters of the
ILU-type accelerators produced by BINP [1, 2, 3].
The basic model of the ILU accelerators is the ILU-6
accelerator [1]. On the base of the ILU-6 accelerator,
the ILU-10 accelerator was developed taking into ac-
count requirements of the technological processes dur-
ing irradiation of various materials. This work is devot-
ed to its description.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ILU-10 AC-
CELERATOR
The basic component of the accelerator is a toroidal
copper cavity with an operating frequency of 116 MHz
with cone-shaped axial protrusions forming the acceler-
ating gap of 270 mm in length. The protrusion shape
was chosen from the conditions of the formation and fo-
cusing of an electron beam in the processes of its injec-
tion, acceleration and further passage through the ex-
traction system with minimum losses.
The cavity 2 is placed into the vacuum tank 1
(Fig.1). On the upper electrode insulator, the cathode
unit is mounted, which together with a grid form the in-
jector of electrons 5. The lower electrode and injector
form a triode accelerating system. The beam current of
accelerated electrons is controlled by varying the value
of the positive bias at the cathode with respect to the
grid.
Under the lower electrode of the cavity there is a
magnetic lens shaping an electron beam in the accelera-
tor channel and the extraction device 6.
Two single-cascade high frequency autogenerators
based on powerful triodes of the GI–50A type are in-
stalled directly on the vacuum tank. Generators 9 as-
sembled according to the common grid circuit are oper-
ated in the selfexcitation regime at a frequency close to
the specific frequency of the cavity. Anode circuits are
connected to cavities through the inductance loops. The
link value with a cavity is determined by the area of a
loop and an adjustment of the anode circuits with re-
spect to the cavity frequency. The generator feedback is
provided by the additional capacitance made in the form
of a disk inserted between the tube anode and cathode.
This capacitance is of 20 pF. The fine tuning of the
feedback value and its phase is made by the cathode
short-circuited tail with a movable shortcut contact
moved by a servodrive. The value of the generator -
cavity link is selected during the accelerator preliminary
adjustment by varying the capacity of the vacuum ca-
pacitor 8 and the area of the link loop by varying the po-
sition of the support 7.
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 1.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (42), p. 21-23.
Parameters ILU-
6
ILU-
8
ILU-
10
ILU-11
Energy of electrons,
MeV
1.2…
2.5
0.6…
1.0
2.5…
5.0
2.0…4.0
Average beam power
(max), kW
20 25 50 20
Average beam current
(max), mA
20 30 15 4
Power consumption,
kW
100 80 150 120
Accelerator weight,
tons
2.2 0.6 2.9 2.5
Weight of local pro-
tection, t
- 76 - -
21
mailto:vtkachen@inp.nsk.su
Fig.1. ILU-10 Accelerator:
1-vacuum tank; 2-copper toroidal cavity; 3-magnetic
lens; 4-spallation pumps; 5-cathode unit; 6-extraction
device; 7-support of coupling loop; 8-vacuum capaci-
tor; 9-RF-generators; 10-quаdrupole lenses;
11-scanning magnet; 12-correcting magnet;
13-bending magnets; 14-pick-up stations;
15-direct extraction device
The measuring loop is installed on the upper flange
of the tank. Its signal proportional to the cavity gap volt-
age is used for measuring the energy of accelerated
electrons.
For stabilization of the leading front of the high fre-
quency voltage pulse when applying the pulse voltage to
the tubes anode, an additional excitation of the genera-
tor by the direct voltage of 0.9…1.5 kV is used.
The cavity is placed into the vacuum vessel made of
stainless steel. Pumping by four spallation pumps of the
NMD-0.4 type located at the cylindrical side surface is
provided by the forevacuum aggregate through the ni-
trogen trap. All the sealings in the vacuum vessel are
made of metal (copper and indium). The operating vac-
uum is of 10-7 torr. For the normal operation of the vac-
uum system, intervals of about two days do not require
the forevacuum pumping for switching on the spallation
pumps. The vacuum tank pressure is measured by the
current value in the spallation pumps. The ILU-10 ac-
celerator is a novel development and it is mainly de-
signed for the processes requiring high energies of elec-
trons and beam power.
The accelerator overall dimensions are somewhat
larger than those of the ILU-6 accelerator. In order to
increase the beam power, two RF generators are in-
stalled at the ILU-10 accelerator (ILU-6 is used with
single RF generators).
ELECTRON BEAM EXTRACTION
In recent years, in the majority of countries the beam
technologies are being developed aiming at their use for
irradiation products in the food industry. However, in
the use of the electron-beam technology one should take
into account that the electron beam permeability is
rather small thus putting limitation to the amount of the
irradiated material. A reasonable alternative seems to be
the use of powerful fluxes of X-rays. A simple way of
generation such a radiation, is to direct the beam to the
converter.
The technological process of the product treatment
assumes a choice of some or other type of the extraction
device. For example, the beam bent at an angle of 90
grades enables a substantial simplification in the design
of the conveyor system for applying the treated product
to two-sided irradiation.
General view of the bending system design is given
in Fig.1 [4]. The beam from the accelerator reaches the
bending channel and is turned there throgh an angle of
90 grades and hits vertical long optimized X-ray con-
verter, which is an aluminum plate coated by the layer
of tantalum.
The channel is an electron optical system having two
45 grades bending magnets with the parallel ends,
quadruple lens with a large radial aperture, two ad-
justable lens doublets, scanning magnet and correcting
magnet. The scanning magnet in a period of 500 µs
scans the beam from above to down along the converter
of 1 m in length. The scanning angle is ranging from -25
to +25 grades.
For the formation of the technologically optimum
dose field, an electron beam should be incident at the
converter edges at an angle close to 90 grades. This is
provided by the use of the correcting magnet located at
15 cm to the converter.
All the components of the beam channel have the
water cooling systems enabling to remove totally of up
5 kW heat in a continuous regime. The system of verti-
cal extraction of a beam through the titanium foil is kept
for expanding the technological capabilities of the ac-
celerator.
The ILU-10 accelerator is the RF machine and so the
initial energy spectrum of electrons in the beam is not
monochromatic but has the certain energy spread. To in-
crease the X-ray power the energy spectrum of electrons
ought to be made more narrow and the part of electrons
with maximum energy ought to be increased because
the electrons of the low energy part of spectrum do not
make the input into the X-ray power, and their energy is
transformed into the heating of target. It is possible to
improve the energy spectrum of electron beam (to de-
crease the part of low energy electrons) by applying the
high frequency bias voltage on the grid-cathode gap of
the accelerator’s electron gun as it is shown in Fig.2.
The high frequency bias voltage is supplied from the
accelerator’s resonator through the loop and is passing
to the matched load and grid-cathode gap of electron
gun through the phase shifter. The amplitude of RF volt-
age is regulated by the plunging depth of the loop, and
the phase shift is regulated by changing the tuning of
phase shifter. Choosing the amplitude and phase of RF
bias voltage on electron gun it is possible to shift the
phase of the current pulse regarding the accelerating
voltage and so to improve the energy spectrum of the
electron beam.
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Fig.2. Circuit for RF bias voltage supply onto the elec-
tron gun
The efficiency of energy spectrum correction by ap-
plying the HF bias voltage onto the electron gun was
checked by measuring the energy spectrum of the beam
generated by existing the accelerator ILU-10 with a
beam power up to 50 kW. The results of the
measurements are shown in Fig.3.
Fig. 3. Energy spectrum of the ILU-10 electron beam
1 -with and 2 - without applying the RF bias voltage
onto the electron gun
RESULTS
During the tests the following parameters are ob-
tained: the maximum electron energy of 5.5 MeV at a
low beam power, electron energy of 5 MeV at a beam
power of 50 kW and 4.5 MeV at a beam power of
60 kW. The operating mode is a pulsed mode, the maxi-
mum pulse repetition rate of 50 Hz, a pulse duration of
400…500 mks.
In the work with the tantalum converter, a rather ho-
mogeneous dose distribution at the irradiated material
surface was obtained. At the scanning width of 60 cm,
the average dose value was 18 kGray with the conveyor
equivalent speed of 1 mm/s.
REFERENCES
1. V.L.Auslender. ILU-type electron accelerator for
industrial technologies // Nucl. Instruments and
Methods in Physical Research. 1984, v. B 89, p.46-
48.
2. V.L.Auslender, A.A.Bryzgin, L.A.Voronin, G.A.-
Vasiliev, V.A.Gorbunov, M.Korobeinikov,
V.N.Kokin,S.A.Maximov, V.E.Nekhaev, A.D.Pan-
filov, V.M.Radchenko, V.O.Tkachenko, A.A.Tu-
vik, B.L.Factrovich. ILU-type electron accelerators
with energies higher than 5.0 MeV and power over
50 kW//Abstracts of Proceedings of XVII Workshop
on Accelerators of Charged Particles, Protvino,
2000.
3. V.L.Auslender, A.A.Bryazgin, G.B.Glagolev,
V.A.Gorbunov, S.A.Maximov, V.E.Nekhaev, A.D.-
Panfilov, V.O.Tkachenko, A.A.Tuvik, B.L.Fac-
torovich. ILU-series electron accelerators and their
applications in the industry and medicine//IX All-
Russian Workshop on applications of electron ac-
celerators in industry and medicine, Sankt-Peters-
burg, Russia, 22-24 Sept., 1998.
4. V.L.Auslender, E.A.Bekhtenev, A.A.Bryazgin,
L.A.Voronin, N.I.Zenevich, E.N.Kokin, G.S.Krain-
ov, S.V.Miginsky, V.M.Radchenko, N.I.Saputin,
V.O.Tkachenko, B.L.Factorovich. Akhromatic sys-
tem of the electron beam bending at 90 grades in
the ILU-10 accelerator//Proceedings of X Interna-
tional Workshop on applications of the charged
particle accelerators in industry and medicine.
Sankt-Petersburg. M: ZNIIatominform, 2001.
УСКОРИТЕЛЬ ЭЛЕКТРОНОВ 5 МэВ 50 кВт С ТОРМОЗНОЙ МИШЕНЬЮ
В.Л. Ауслендер, А.А. Брязгин, В.Г. Ческидов, И.В. Горнаков, Е.Н. Кокин, Г.И. Кузнецов, А.Н. Лукин,
И.Г. Макаров, С.А. Максимов, В.Е. Нехаев, Г.Н. Острейко, А.Д. Панфилов, В.М. Радченко, Н.Д. Ромаш-
ко, А.В. Сидоров, М.А. Тиунов, В.О. Ткаченко, А.А. Тувик, Л.А. Воронин, Б.Л. Факторович
Приводится описание ускорителя электронов ИЛУ-10 на энергию 5 МэВ мощностью 50 кВт, специаль-
но разработанного для таких комплексов. Для упрощения конструкции конвейерной системы подачи обра-
батываемой продукции в зону облучения используется выпускное устройство с поворотом пучка на 90 гра-
дусов и последующей конвертацией электронного пучка в гамма-излучение на вертикально расположенной
мишени.
ПРИСКОРЮВАЧ ЕЛЕКТРОНІВ 5 МэВ 50 кВт З ГАЛЬМОВОЮ МІШЕННЮ
В.Л. Ауслендер, А.А. Брязгін, В.Г. Ческидов, І.В. Горнаков, Є.Н. Кокін, Г.І. Кузнєцов, А.Н. Лукин,
І.Г. Макаров, С.А. Максимов, В.Є. Нехаєв, Г.Н. Острейко, А.Д. Панфілов, В.М. Радченко, Н.Д. Ромашко,
А.В. Сидоров, М.А. Тіунов, В.О. Ткаченко, А.А. Тувік, Л.А. Воронін, Б.Л. Факторович
Приводиться опис прискорювача електронів ІЛУ-10 на енергію 5 МеВ потужністю 50 кВт, спеціально
розробленого для таких комплексів. Для спрощення конструкції конвеєрної системи подачі оброблюваної
продукції в зону опромінення використовується випускний пристрій з поворотом пучка на 90 градусів і
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PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 1.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (42), p. 21-23. 23
наступною конвертацією електронного пучка в гамма-випромінювання на вертикально розташованій
мішені.
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PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 1.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (42), p. 21-23. 24
Parameters
V.L. Auslender, A.A. Bryazgin, V.G. Cheskidov, I.V. Gornakov, E.N. Kokin, G.I. Kuznetsov, A.N. Lukin, I.G. Makarov, S. A. Maximov, V.E. Nekhaev, G.N. Ostreiko, A.D. Panfilov, V.M. Radchenko, N.D. Romashko, A.V. Sidorov, M.A. Tiunov, V.O. Tkachenko, A.F. Tuvik, L.A. Voronin, B.L. Faktorovich
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics,
E-mail: vtkachen@inp.nsk.su
ELECTRON BEAM EXTRACTION
ПРИСКОРЮВАЧ ЕЛЕКТРОНІВ 5 МэВ 50 кВт З ГАЛЬМОВОЮ МІШЕННЮ
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