Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators
The updating of the detector systems developed at NPK LUTS for application to customs inspection systems
 based on 6…10 MeV accelerators is considered. Tests of a new updated detector system applied in an industrial introscope
 based on a 15 MeV accelerator have demonstrated a wider...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2006 |
| Автори: | , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2006
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators / Yu.N. Gavrish, V.L. Novikov, A.V. Sidorov, A.M. Fialkovsky // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 2. — С. 154-156. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860168227559047168 |
|---|---|
| author | Gavrish, Yu.N. Novikov, V.L. Sidorov, A.V. Fialkovsky, A.M. |
| author_facet | Gavrish, Yu.N. Novikov, V.L. Sidorov, A.V. Fialkovsky, A.M. |
| citation_txt | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators / Yu.N. Gavrish, V.L. Novikov, A.V. Sidorov, A.M. Fialkovsky // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 2. — С. 154-156. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The updating of the detector systems developed at NPK LUTS for application to customs inspection systems
based on 6…10 MeV accelerators is considered. Tests of a new updated detector system applied in an industrial introscope
based on a 15 MeV accelerator have demonstrated a wider range of thickness of scanned (from 100…360
to 75…410 mm) objects at a resolution of 1-1T according to the radiographic ASTM standard.
Рассматривается модернизация детекторной системы, разработанной в НПК ЛУЦ для инспекционно-досмотровых комплексов на базе ускорителей с энергией 6…10 МэВ. Испытания новой системы детектирования в промышленном интроскопе на базе ускорителя с энергией 15 МэВ показали увеличение диапазона толщин просвечиваемых объектов с 100…360 до 75…410 мм при уровне разрешения 11T по радиографическому стандарту ASTM.
Розглядається модернізація детекторної системи, розробленої в НПК ЛУЦ для інспекціонно-досмотрових
комплексів на базі прискорювачів з енергією 6...10 МеВ. Випробування нової системи детектування в
промисловому інтроскопі на базі прискорювача з енергією 15 МеВ показали збільшення діапазону товщин
просвічуваних об'єктів з 100...360 до 75...410 мм при рівні розділення 1-1T по радіографічному стандарту
ASTM.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:57:02Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
THE USE OF ACCELERATORS IN RADIATION PROCESSES
UPDATING OF THE DETECTOR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE CUSTOMS
INSPECTION SYSTEMS BASED ON ELECTRON ACCELERATORS
Yu.N. Gavrish, V.L. Novikov, A.V. Sidorov, A.M. Fialkovsky
FSUE “D.V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus”,
St. Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: npkluts@niiefa.spb.su, fax/phone: 812-4646220
The updating of the detector systems developed at NPK LUTS for application to customs inspection systems
based on 6…10 MeV accelerators is considered. Tests of a new updated detector system applied in an industrial in-
troscope based on a 15 MeV accelerator have demonstrated a wider range of thickness of scanned (from 100…360
to 75…410 mm) objects at a resolution of 1-1T according to the radiographic ASTM standard.
PACS: 29.17.+w
Works on the development and updating of the mul-
ti-channel systems for detection of gamma-radiation
have been performed in NPK LUTS for more than
10 years. The first such a system to be applied to indus-
trial introscopes and tomographs, as well as to customs
inspection systems of large-scale vehicles and cargo
containers based on 6…15 MeV linear accelerators, was
developed in 1995 and consisted of 768 channels. The
primary measuring elements of the system were scintilla-
tors used together with photodiodes to transform gamma-
radiation into measured analog electric signal. Crystals of
cadmium tungstate (CdWO4) 3×3×20 mm in sizes were
applied as scintillators. The analog part of the system,
modular in structure (64 detectors per each module), was
installed in the plane of the fan-shaped beam of X-ray ra-
diation formed by the collimation system.
The main drawbacks of the developed system are:
small dynamic range due to low ADC capacity (12 bit)
and non-standard interface used for data transfer to the
data acquisition and processing computer. The electron-
ic part of the system underwent serious updating, which
consisted in the application of a 16 bit ADC and a stan-
dard 10 Mbit Ethernet interface for data transfer
(TCP/IP protocol). In addition, the analog and digital
parts were combined in modules, the number of detec-
tors in each module was increased up to 128, the control
of the enhancement factor was introduced and the total
number of channels amounted to 1152.
Tests of the developed system performed at the
stand of NPK LUTS, NIIEFA and when integrated into
the complex for non-destructive radioscopic inspection
installed in the People’s Republic of China in 1998
demonstrated a resolution of 1-1T in compliance with
the radiographic ASTM standard.
At the accelerator energy of 15 MeV, the said level
of resolution is provided for steel thickness ranging
from 100 up to 360 mm.
Further development will be focused on attaining the
higher spatial resolution of the system. With this aim in
view, first were updated the primary measuring ele-
ments, scintillator-photodiode arrays. To obtain higher
spatial resolution, scintillators’s cross-sections were de-
creased from 3×3 to 2×2 mm without any narrowing of
the system dynamic range due to appreciably improved
manufacturing technique (the “PULSAR” firm,
Moscow), which allowed the reduction of the photodi-
ode dark current to a level lower than 1 nA/cm2.
Besides, single scintillator-photodiode arrays were
replaced with modular ones, each of 8 detectors (Fig.1),
which resulted in a smaller gap between the detectors
(0.5 mm instead of previous 0.2 mm) and higher accura-
cy of detectors’ positioning. The detector pitch in the
module is 2.2 mm. The scintillator side facing the radia-
tion is 2×2 mm. The scintillator dimension along the ra-
diation propagation is 20 mm. The module is 32×
17.6 mm in sizes. The main point of the electronic part
updating was application of a 24 bit sigma-delta ADC,
as a consequence of which we had approximately twice
the dynamic range and could substitute the 10 Mbit Eth-
ernet interface for a 100 Mbit one.
Fig.1. Detector modules (8 detectors each)
In 2002 the system for detection of gamma-radiation
integrated into a complex for non-destructive radioscopic
inspection based on the 15 MeV linear accelerator was
installed and tested in Langfan, the People’s Republic of
China. Results of the tests are shown in Figs.2-4, and ta-
bles 1-2 demonstrate typical images obtained.
In the process of the tests steel barriers with a thick-
ness ranging from 75 up to 400 mm were scanned. Plate
and wire defectometers were mounted on each of these
barriers in such a way as to comply with resolutions of
1-1T, 1-2T and 2-2T (ASTM radiographic and radiolog-
ical standard) for each barrier thickness. The object
transport velocity at scanning was varied from 0.25 up
to 2.4 mm/s. Under the tests the accelerator was located
at a distance of 4.7 m from the detector line. The pulse
repetition rate of the machine was 100…150 Hz. The
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 2.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (46), p.154-156.
154
mailto:npkluts@niiefa.spb.su
dose rate 1 m from target at a frequency of 150 Hz was
40 Gy/min.
Fig.2. Wire and plate defectometers behind the
75 mm steel barrier
Fig.3. Wire and plate defectometers behind the 200 mm
steel barriers
Fig.4. Wire and plate defectometers behind the
300 mm steel barrier
The data presented in the paper demonstrate that the
latest updating of the system made possible to obtain
higher spatial resolution of the system and, in addition,
appreciably wider range of scanned thicknesses.
At present, works on a new updated version of the
system with better parameters are underway in NPK
LUTS. The scintillator cross-section will be increased
from 2 up to 4 mm in the direction transverse to the Xray
fan beam, and in each channel of the system a variable
gain amplifier will be installed in front of the integrator
instead of scaling amplifier of ADC, as previously.
When detectors are collimated, the first modification
makes possible the location of photodiodes outside the
area of radiation impact, which improves the stability of
detector parameters under long-term radioscopic and to-
mographic scanning.
As preliminary tests of an experimental module have
demonstrated, the second modification provides, with
definite limits, constant level of noise produced by the
electronics in the channel at higher gain factor.
Table 1. Results of the resolution tests of the radioscopic system using plate defectometers
Thickness of steel
barrier, mm
Thickness of plate
defectometer, mm
Hole diameter,
mm Discrimination Resolution
(ASTM standard)
75 0,75 0.75 +
+
1-1T
1-2T
100 1.00 1.0
2.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
150 1.5 1.5
3.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
200 2.0 2.0
4.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
250 2.5 2.5
5.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
300 3.0 3.0
2.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
350 3.5 3.5
7.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
375 3.75 3.75
7.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
400 4.0 4.0
8.0
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
146
Table 2. Results of the resolution tests of the radioscopic system using wire defectometers
Thickness of steel
barrier, mm
Thickness of wire
defectometer, mm
Diameter of wire
defectometer, mm Discrimination Resolution
(ASTM standard)
75 B
0.25
0.33
0.40
0.51
0.64
0.81
+
+
+
+
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
100 B
0.25
0.33
0.40
0.51
0.64
0.81
-
- +
+
+
+
+ 1-1T
200 C
0.81
1.02
1.27
1.60
2.03
2.50
+
+
+
+
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
250 C
0.81
1.02
1.27
1.60
2.03
2.50
- +
- +
+
+
+
+
1-1T
300 D
2.5
3.2
4.06
5.1
6.4
8.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
350 D
2.5
3.2
4.06
5.1
6.4
8.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
400 D
2.5
3.2
4.06
5.1
6.4
8.0
-
- +
+
+
+
+
1-1T
1-2T
МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ ДЕТЕКТОРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ИНСПЕКЦИОННО-ДОСМОТРОВЫХ КОМПЛЕК-
СОВ НА БАЗЕ УСКОРИТЕЛЕЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНОВ
Ю.Н. Гавриш, В.Л. Новиков, А.В. Сидоров, А.М. Фиалковский
Рассматривается модернизация детекторной системы, разработанной в НПК ЛУЦ для инспекционно-до-
смотровых комплексов на базе ускорителей с энергией 6…10 МэВ. Испытания новой системы детектирова-
ния в промышленном интроскопе на базе ускорителя с энергией 15 МэВ показали увеличение диапазона
толщин просвечиваемых объектов с 100…360 до 75…410 мм при уровне разрешения 11T по радиографиче-
скому стандарту ASTM.
МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ ДЕТЕКТОРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ІНСПЕКЦИОННО-ДОСМОТРОВИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ
НА БАЗІ ПРИСКОРЮВАЧІВ ЕЛЕКТРОНІВ
Ю.Н. Гавриш, В.Л. Новіков, А.В. Сідоров, А.М. Фіалковський
Розглядається модернізація детекторної системи, розробленої в НПК ЛУЦ для інспекціонно-досмотрових
комплексів на базі прискорювачів з енергією 6...10 МеВ. Випробування нової системи детектування в
промисловому інтроскопі на базі прискорювача з енергією 15 МеВ показали збільшення діапазону товщин
просвічуваних об'єктів з 100...360 до 75...410 мм при рівні розділення 1-1T по радіографічному стандарту
ASTM.
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 2.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (46), p.154-156.
154
THE USE OF ACCELERATORS IN RADIATION PROCESSES
UPDATING of the DETECTOR SYSTEM applied to the customs inspection systems BASED on electron ACCELERATORS
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-78859 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:57:02Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Gavrish, Yu.N. Novikov, V.L. Sidorov, A.V. Fialkovsky, A.M. 2015-03-22T08:36:03Z 2015-03-22T08:36:03Z 2006 Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators / Yu.N. Gavrish, V.L. Novikov, A.V. Sidorov, A.M. Fialkovsky // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 2. — С. 154-156. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78859 The updating of the detector systems developed at NPK LUTS for application to customs inspection systems
 based on 6…10 MeV accelerators is considered. Tests of a new updated detector system applied in an industrial introscope
 based on a 15 MeV accelerator have demonstrated a wider range of thickness of scanned (from 100…360
 to 75…410 mm) objects at a resolution of 1-1T according to the radiographic ASTM standard. Рассматривается модернизация детекторной системы, разработанной в НПК ЛУЦ для инспекционно-досмотровых комплексов на базе ускорителей с энергией 6…10 МэВ. Испытания новой системы детектирования в промышленном интроскопе на базе ускорителя с энергией 15 МэВ показали увеличение диапазона толщин просвечиваемых объектов с 100…360 до 75…410 мм при уровне разрешения 11T по радиографическому стандарту ASTM. Розглядається модернізація детекторної системи, розробленої в НПК ЛУЦ для інспекціонно-досмотрових
 комплексів на базі прискорювачів з енергією 6...10 МеВ. Випробування нової системи детектування в
 промисловому інтроскопі на базі прискорювача з енергією 15 МеВ показали збільшення діапазону товщин
 просвічуваних об'єктів з 100...360 до 75...410 мм при рівні розділення 1-1T по радіографічному стандарту
 ASTM. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Применение ускорителей в радиационных технологиях Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators Модернизация детекторной системы инспекционно-досмотровых комплексов на базе ускорителей электронов Модернізація детекторної системи інспекционно-досмотрових комплексів на базі прискорювачів електронів Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators Gavrish, Yu.N. Novikov, V.L. Sidorov, A.V. Fialkovsky, A.M. Применение ускорителей в радиационных технологиях |
| title | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| title_alt | Модернизация детекторной системы инспекционно-досмотровых комплексов на базе ускорителей электронов Модернізація детекторної системи інспекционно-досмотрових комплексів на базі прискорювачів електронів |
| title_full | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| title_fullStr | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| title_short | Updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| title_sort | updating of the detector system applied to the customs inspection systems based on electron accelerators |
| topic | Применение ускорителей в радиационных технологиях |
| topic_facet | Применение ускорителей в радиационных технологиях |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/78859 |
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