Readout electronics for multichannel detectors
Readout electronics based on the 128-channel chip “Viking” (IDE AS inc., Norway) is considered. The chip “Viking” integrates 128 low noise charge-sensitive preamplifiers with tunable CR-(RC)² shapers, analog memory and multiplexed readout to one output. All modules of readout electronics were design...
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| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Date: | 2001 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2001
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| Cite this: | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors / V.I. Kulibaba, N.I. Maslov, S.V. Naumov, V.D. Ovchinnik, I.M. Prokhorets // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 177-179. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859648674711207936 |
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| author | Kulibaba, V.I. Maslov, N.I. Naumov, S.V. Ovchinnik, V.D. Prokhorets, I.M. |
| author_facet | Kulibaba, V.I. Maslov, N.I. Naumov, S.V. Ovchinnik, V.D. Prokhorets, I.M. |
| citation_txt | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors / V.I. Kulibaba, N.I. Maslov, S.V. Naumov, V.D. Ovchinnik, I.M. Prokhorets // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 177-179. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | Readout electronics based on the 128-channel chip “Viking” (IDE AS inc., Norway) is considered. The chip “Viking” integrates 128 low noise charge-sensitive preamplifiers with tunable CR-(RC)² shapers, analog memory and multiplexed readout to one output. All modules of readout electronics were designed and produced in KIPT taking into account the published recommendations of IDE AS inc.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T13:31:11Z |
| format | Article |
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READOUT ELECTRONICS FOR MULTICHANNEL DETECTORS
V.I. Kulibaba, N.I. Maslov, S.V. Naumov, V.D. Ovchinnik, I.M. Prokhorets
NSC KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
naumov@kipt.kharkov.ua
Readout electronics based on the 128-channel chip “Viking” (IDE AS inc., Norway) is considered. The chip
“Viking” integrates 128 low noise charge-sensitive preamplifiers with tunable CR-(RC)2 shapers, analog memory
and multiplexed readout to one output. All modules of readout electronics were designed and produced in KIPT tak-
ing into account the published recommendations of IDE AS inc.
PACS number: 29.40.Wk
1 INTRODUCTION
There is a big difficulty or even an impossibility to
design and implement conventional readout systems
based on discrete components as a number of readout
channels of a detector grows (i.e. microstrip detectors [1
], diode matrixes [2] etc). For example, to build readout
electronics for the 128-channel detector one should ap-
ply 128 charge sensitive amplifiers, 128 shapers, 128-
channel ADC and a lot of additional elements. A size
and a power consumption of such a system will surely
make it unusable in a real practice. And it is absolutely
impossible to design a discrete readout system for the
768-strip detector. That is the reason why integrated
electronics has being actively developed since the end
of 80’s. The integrated readout electronics main features
are low power consumption, small outlines, low noise
(200 e- or less). These features allow to place readout
electronics near to the detector, simplify a cooling,
make possible to reach a signal-to-noise ratio 60 or
more.
2 MULTICHANNEL READOUT CHIP
We have chosen the Viking VA2 chip (IDE AS
company, Norway) to design our readout system. This
chip has such main characteristics:
•128 readout channels of analog signals from a detector,
each of them includes charge sensitive preamplifier,
CR-(RC)2 shaper and analog memory;
•integrated multiplexer used to dispatch all 128 analog
signal to one output in a sequential readout mode;
•built-in test and control circuits, which include input
multiplexer and shift-register to distribute test pulses
through the chip channels;
•externally adjustable peaking time in a range from 0.5
to 2 µs;
•noise performance 60е + 11е*pF for a peaking time of
2 µs;
•dynamic range no less than 4 MIP for bipolar signals
and 8 MIP for a single polarity;
•maximal readout rate up to 10 MHz;
•contact pads have a pitch of 50 µm, that meets de-
mands of the most popular detector bonding;
•available as unpacked dices, outline dimensions 6×4
mm.
The structure of one readout channel of VA2 is
shown in Fig. 1. This type of readout designs is used of-
ten to build as well as sophisticated multichannel and
simple single channel preamplifiers.
Fig. 1. Structure of one analog readout channel of
VA2 chip.
It integrates the charge sensitive preamplifier, the
voltage controlled CR-(RC)2 shaper, the analog memory
with the externally controlled track-n-hold circuitry.
This readout system has a big flexibility, that allows to
adjust all parameters when a maximum of speed or a
minimum of noise is required in the experiment. 128 bit
shift register controls the sequential readout process.
The structure of overall chip is shown in Fig. 2.
The next describes the work of the chip. 128 input
pads are bonded to corresponding detector pads, from
where the analog charge signal comes. After a physical
event (a particle detection) each channel collects some
charge. Then after the peak of the pulse in the shaper
has been reached, an external signal activates the analog
memory of the chip, that fixes the peak voltage. Shifting
a one bit through the control shift register multiplexes
all analog channels outputs sequentially to one output of
the chip, i.e. multiplexed readout is achieved. The out-
put signal can be processed by a computer to obtain a
spectrum. The chip can also work in a single channel
mode. In this mode an arbitrary channel is selected
through the control shift register, the analog memory
circuits are disabled and it means the chip work as a
simple pair of preamplifier-shapers. This mode is very
useful for testing purposes and allows to estimate a pure
noise performance of the readout system without an in-
fluence of high frequency digital circuits, which are
used in a high speed sequential multiplexed readout.
3 READOUT ELECTRONICS
Our readout electronics system comprises hybrid
module, repeater module and sequencer (Fig. 3). Hybrid
module is designed on a printed circuit board with nick-
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 2001. №5.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (39), с. 177-179.
177
el coated copper contact pads, that gives a possibility to
bond aluminum or gold conductors with help of ultra-
sonic welding. The Viking VA2 chip is fixed on the
board by a special glue.
Fig. 2. Structure of overall VA2 chip.
Fig. 3. Experimental setup.
The board can provide a connection to the chip
through a special flat film microcable or through tradi-
tional microwires, which are bonded to pads on the
board by means of ultrasonic welding. The main task of
this printed circuit board are to provide an exchange of
digital and analog signals between VA2 chip and the re-
peater module, to filter power supplies of the chip, to set
necessary operation mode of the chip through the con-
trol circuits on the board. The form-factor of the PCB
allows to fix detectors in the vicinity of the readout
chip. The repeater module and the sequencer control the
readout process. When an external trigger signal is ac-
tive the sequencer generates a sequence of digital TTL
signals to control the VA2 chip and the ADC. The cur-
rent setup uses the trigger signal from a scintillation de-
tector. The sequencer also allows to work with the chip
in a manual channel selection, when the chip is set in a
single channel mode as described above. The repeater
converts digital TTL signals of the sequencer to signals
compatible with VA2 CMOS logic levels, amplifies out-
put analog signals from VA2 chip, stabilizes power sup-
plies for the chip. It also allows smooth adjusting a
peaking time of the shaper inside the Viking chip.
The analog signal from the repeater module comes
to an input of a fast ADC with built-in FIFO memory.
The size of the memory should be enough to keep all
data from 128 channels of VA2chip. In this setup there
are two types of ADC available for use – the CAMAC
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 2001. №5.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (39), с. 177-179.
178
ADC or the computer built-in ADC.
A maximal possible readout frequency for this sys-
tem is 1 MHz, that gives a reaction time less than 130 µ
s. The time diagram of the readout process is shown in
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Example of sequential readout of one chip.
4 RESULTS
We have studied the system to evaluate its operation
and quality. Noise performance of readout system was
investigated and spectral distributions were obtained to
find signal-to-noise ratio, that is an universal parameter
of the detection system. All spectra were obtained on a
128 strip single-side detector from isotope sources of
gamma-quanta 241Am for the single channel mode and
electrons 90Sr for the total 128 strip readout (multichan-
nel mode). Noise performance of the system has been
preliminary calculated using formulas for the noise
sources definition in the readout electronics [3]. The to-
tal noise (e- r.m.s) is
222
rla ENCENCENCENC ++= , where ENCa is
the amplifier noise, ENCl is the noise of the leakage cur-
rent Il of the strip, ENCr is the noise of the parallel com-
bination Rp of the feedback resistor of the amplifier and
the biasing resistor of the detector. Considering real pa-
rameters of the detector to be 1 nA for the leakage cur-
rent, 5 pF for the strip capacitance and 18 MOhm for the
Rp resistor combination, we can calculate the noise as
ENC=320 e- r.m.s, that gives the signal-to-noise ratio
value 70 for MIP equivalent charge (about 22500 e-).
These spectra are shown in Fig. 5. The signal-to-
noise ratio for these spectra is more than 60 and fits well
our previous calculations. That signal-to-noise ratio im-
plies a good possibility to use such systems in a wide
range of accurate experiments or technical engineering
and designs.
5 CONCLUSION
The system of readout electronics based on the inte-
grated chip Viking VA2 was considered. These chips al-
low designers to build high-quality readout systems
with small quantities of components for multichannel
detectors. As an example of such system readout elec-
tronics for microstrip detector was considered. It is quite
possible to design readout systems based on Viking
chips for use with other types of multichannel detectors,
such as photodiode matrixes. IDE AS company pro-
duces families of similar integrated multichannel read-
out chips with integrated triggering circuits – self-trig-
gering chips TA and XA. They allow to design high-
speed multichannel readout systems for detectors with-
out external triggering components, also they give a
possibility for multichannel or microstrip detectors to
operate with gamma-quanta radiation sources in a real
multichannel mode of detection, that is not possible
when using ordinary externally triggered integrated
readout electronics for these detectors, such as VA chips
series.
020406080100120140160180200220240260280300050010001500200025003000350040004500500055006000650070007500800085009000950010000
Number of co
unts
Channels 100200300400500600700800900100002040
6080100120140160180
Number Of C
ounts
Cluster, mV
Fig. 5. Example of spectra of gamma-quanta and elec-
trons from isotope sources 241Am and 90Sr.
REFERENCES
1.A.P. de Haas, P.Kuijer, V.I.Kulibaba, N.I.Maslov,
V.L.Perevertailo, V.D.Ovchinnik, S.M.Potin, A.F.Staro-
dubtsev. Characteristics and radiation tolerance of a
double-sided microstrip detector with polysilicon bias-
ing resistors // Problems of Atomic Science and Tech-
nology. Issue: Nuclear-Physics Research (36). 2000, v.
2, p. 26-33.
2.G.Bochek, V.Kulibaba, N.Maslov, S.Naumov, A.Star-
odubtsev. Silicon pad detectors for a simple tracking
system and multiplicity detectors creation // Problems
of Atomic Science and Technology. Issue: Nuclear-
Physics Research (37). 2001, v. 1, p. 36-39.
3.E.Nygård, P.Aspell, P.Jaron, P.Weilhammer, K.Yosh-
ioka. CMOS low noise amplifier for microstrip readout.
Design and results. CERN-PPE/90-142 October 1-st,
1990.
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 2001. №5.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (39), с. 177-179.
179
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-79014 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T13:31:11Z |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Kulibaba, V.I. Maslov, N.I. Naumov, S.V. Ovchinnik, V.D. Prokhorets, I.M. 2015-03-24T17:25:35Z 2015-03-24T17:25:35Z 2001 Readout electronics for multichannel detectors / V.I. Kulibaba, N.I. Maslov, S.V. Naumov, V.D. Ovchinnik, I.M. Prokhorets // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2001. — № 5. — С. 177-179. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS number: 29.40.Wk https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79014 Readout electronics based on the 128-channel chip “Viking” (IDE AS inc., Norway) is considered. The chip “Viking” integrates 128 low noise charge-sensitive preamplifiers with tunable CR-(RC)² shapers, analog memory and multiplexed readout to one output. All modules of readout electronics were designed and produced in KIPT taking into account the published recommendations of IDE AS inc. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Readout electronics for multichannel detectors Электроника считывания для многоканальных детекторов Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors Kulibaba, V.I. Maslov, N.I. Naumov, S.V. Ovchinnik, V.D. Prokhorets, I.M. |
| title | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| title_alt | Электроника считывания для многоканальных детекторов |
| title_full | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| title_fullStr | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| title_short | Readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| title_sort | readout electronics for multichannel detectors |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79014 |
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