Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac
A new code based on the PENELOPE system has been worked out for simulation and optimization of product processing modes on LU-10 technological accelerator (8...18 MeV, 12 kW) with scanned electron beam. The results of simulation of 3D absorbed dose distributions in objects of rectangular shape and...
Збережено в:
| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2004 |
| Автори: | , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2004
|
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79073 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac / S.P. Karasyov, V.I. Nikiforov, A.Eh. Tenishev, V.L. Uvarov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 200-202. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859791246222950400 |
|---|---|
| author | Karasyov, S.P. Nikiforov, V.I. Tenishev, A.Eh. Uvarov, V.L. |
| author_facet | Karasyov, S.P. Nikiforov, V.I. Tenishev, A.Eh. Uvarov, V.L. |
| citation_txt | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac / S.P. Karasyov, V.I. Nikiforov, A.Eh. Tenishev, V.L. Uvarov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 200-202. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | A new code based on the PENELOPE system has been worked out for simulation and optimization of product
processing modes on LU-10 technological accelerator (8...18 MeV, 12 kW) with scanned electron beam. The results
of simulation of 3D absorbed dose distributions in objects of rectangular shape and similar to real plant geometry
and irradiation parameters are presented. Influence of object size, its composition and density, walls, energy spectrum of the beam and other factors are studied. The causes of the dose distribution irregularity as well as the methods of its decreasing are discussed.
Для моделювання й оптимізації режимів опрацювання продукції на технологічному прискорювачі ЛУ-10
(8...18 МеВ, 12 кВт) пучком електронів, який сканується, розроблено пакет на основі програмної системи
PENELOPE. Наведено результати моделювання 3D розподілів поглиненої дози в об'єктах прямокутної форми при близьких до реальних геометрії установки й умовам опромінення. Розглядається вплив на отримані
розподіли розмірів об'єкта, його складу і щільності, стінок, енергетичного розкиду електронів, а також інших факторів. Досліджуються причини нерівномірності розподілу поглиненої дози і способів її зниження.
Для моделирования и оптимизации режимов обработки продукции на технологическом ускорителе ЛУ-10 (8...18 МэВ, 12 кВт) со сканируемым пучком электронов разработан пакет на основе программной системы PENELOPE. Приведены результаты моделирования 3D распределений поглощенной дозы в объектах
прямоугольной формы при близких к реальным геометрии установки и условиям облучения. Рассматривается влияние на получаемые распределения размеров объекта, его состава и плотности, стенок, энергетического разброса электронов, а также других факторов. Исследуются причины неравномерности распределения
поглощенной дозы и пути ее снижения.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-02T11:50:43Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
APPLICATION OF PENELOPE SYSTEM TO SUPPORT
THE RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON LU-10 LINAC
S.P. Karasyov, V.I. Nikiforov, A.Eh. Tenishev, V.L. Uvarov
National Science Center «Kharkov Institute of Physics & Technology»;
61108, Kharkov, Ukraine; vinikiforov@kipt.kharkov.ua
A new code based on the PENELOPE system has been worked out for simulation and optimization of product
processing modes on LU-10 technological accelerator (8...18 MeV, 12 kW) with scanned electron beam. The results
of simulation of 3D absorbed dose distributions in objects of rectangular shape and similar to real plant geometry
and irradiation parameters are presented. Influence of object size, its composition and density, walls, energy spec-
trum of the beam and other factors are studied. The causes of the dose distribution irregularity as well as the meth-
ods of its decreasing are discussed.
PACS: 87.50.Gi, 87.53.Wz
1. INTRODUCTION
Growing demands for a higher quality of radiation
processing of products [1] forces to investigate in more
detail the factors affecting the results of radiation. In
particular case, the absorbed dose (AD) distribution uni-
formity in the object volume depends on electron energy
spread, air, dimensions, compound and density of ob-
ject. In the present paper the results of investigation by
the simulation method, the influence of these factors on
AD distributions in objects irradiated at the technologi-
cal accelerator LU-10 [2] are described.
The calculations were performed for three materials:
cellulose of 0.1939 g/cm3 average density over box vol-
ume, rubber grit of 0.4 g/cm3 density, polyethylene of
0.94 g/cm3 density. It was assumed that the irradiated
material has a homogeneous structure and rectangular
form. Under these conditions the absorbed radiation en-
ergy distribution dependencies on high, width (trans-
verse distributions) and depth (longitudinal distribution)
within an object have been investigated. The quality de-
gree of the AD distribution was estimated with a non-
uniformity coefficient:
NUD=(Dmax-Dmin)/(Dmax+Dmin), (1)
where Dmax, Dmin are the maximum and minimum
values of AD within object.
The simulation is based on the PENELOPE code
system [3] added with set of original programs applied
to the specific circumstances of the LU-10.
2. DISCRIPTION OF LU-10
LU-10 is the one section electron line accelerator
equipped with a scanner system spreading beam elec-
trons in the vertical plane ХОZ [2]. Horizontal Z-axis is
directed along the electron movement. The XOY co-
ordinate plane coincides with the foil front surface of
the exit window. Y-axis is directed along the conveyer
movement. Real linac parameters, used for simulation,
are described in paper [2].
Beam electron characteristics (energy spectrum, ra-
dial and angular distributions) beyond the foil, in air, at
front wall of the object are shown in Fig.1-2.
In Fig.1 the spectrum, simulated by special code, is
shown in comparison with experimental spectrum val-
ues. In the same figure the electron spectrum of the irra-
diated object is presented.
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
________
Spectrum at the object
________Simulated spectrum
Experiment
Pr
ob
ab
ili
ty
d
en
si
ty
Energy, MeV
Fig.1. LU-10 electron spectrums
Average spectrum energy is equal to 11.5 MeV, i.e.
higher than its value of 10 MeV at maximum. After
passing the exit window foil and air the spectrum has a
maximum at energy of 9.6 MeV. The beam electrons
produce a circular cone of scattering with its apex at the
first foil wall. At the front object wall 99% of beam
electrons are within cone of 18 cm radius and have the
angle straggling up to 20 degrees.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
b
No
rm
ali
ze
d p
ro
ba
bi
lity
Angle, grad
100 cm
75 cm
50 cm
25 cm
foil
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
a
Point electron source
Radius, cm
No
rm
ali
ze
d p
ro
ba
bi
lit
y
100cm
75cm50cm25cm
Fig.2. Radial and angular distributions of beam
electrons after passing of 50µm Ti foil and 25; 50; 75;
100 cm air
3. DOSE DISTRIBUTION SHAPING
3.1. The mechanism of shaping of local (point)
dose is important to believe of origination of non-uni-
form dose distribution in the object on whole. In Fig.3
the AD distributions in cellulose (curves 1), rubber
(curves 2) and polyethylene (curves 3) from the 10MeV
electron point source are demonstrated. The dash line
corresponds to particles flying from the source to the
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 1.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (42), p.200-202. 200
mailto:uvarov@kipt.kharkov.ua
object in vacuum, the solid line is the same for the parti-
cles passing the foil and air.
The AD depth distribution shapes from electrons
passing vacuum are defined by the stopping power and
scattering material possibilities (Fig.3,a dash lines).
Less AD region size from electrons passed foil and air
are because of inessential electrons energy losses in air.
Radial absorbed energy region sizes for electrons
passed vacuum are defined only by possibilities of scat-
tering material (Fig. 3,b dash lines).
0 5 10 15 20
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
3 2 1
3 2
1
b
foil+air
----------vacuum
N
or
m
al
iz
ed
d
os
e
Radius, cm
0 2 4 6 8 1012 141618 2022
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
a 1
1
2
2
3
3
--------- vacuum
foil+air
Depth, cm
No
rm
ali
ze
d
do
se
Fig.3. AD distributions on depth and radius
The region sizes depend on materials and may be
from several centimeters up to 10…15 cm. For the
points near the object surface, the absence of material in
the corresponding transverse direction reduces AD. In
corner points the reduction is more appreciable, because
the material reflecting electrons is absent in three direc-
tions.
The presence of air makes the radiated surface larger
and the AD distribution is more uniform. (Fig.3, solid
lines). So the transverse AD region size becomes more
increased.
3.2. Dependence of dose distribution on depth is
shown in Fig.4. In this case rubber was irradiated at the
same exposition by 10 MeV energy electrons. In Fig.4
the AD distributions for two box depth sizes: 16 cm
(curves 1) and 20 cm (curves 2) are demonstrated.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1-object depth 16 cm, NUD=0.39
2-object depth 20 cm, NUD=0.12N
or
m
ali
ze
d
do
se
1
2
1
2
d
Depth, cm
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1-object depth 16 cm, NUD=1.0
2-object depth 20 cm, NUD=1.0N
or
m
al
iz
ed
d
os
e
21
c
Depth, cm
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1-ob ject dep th 16 cm , N UD =0.42
2-ob ject dep th 20 cm , N UD =0.43
2
1
N
or
m
al
iz
ed
d
os
e
b
Width, cm
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1-ob ject dep th 16 cm, NUD=0.33
2-ob ject dep th 20 cm, NUD=0.33
2
1
a
N
or
m
al
iz
ed
d
os
e
High, cm
Fig.4. AD distributions in rubber
The one-side depth dose distributions in both cases
are the same (Fig. 4,c). The NUD derived by two-side
irradiation against the height and width are practically
not changed (Fig. 4,a-b). The reductions of dose at side
surfaces are seen well. In the middle of the object of
16 cm depth there is a wide maximum of dose and rela-
tively high NUD=0.39 (Fig.4,d). However, if the depth
to be increased reaches up to 20 cm, the value of
NUD=0.12 become satisfactory.
3.3. Since the average spectrum electron energy is
1.5 MeV more than its value at spectrum maximum, the
real spectrum dose distribution is greater a little then
that value for the 10 MeV monoenergetic electron
beam. Particularly, the AD distribution curve 2 in
Fig.4,d against depth has again maximum and NDU be-
comes 0.15. However, if the object depth is extended
from 20 to 21 cm, the NUD decreases up to 0.09.
3.4. We made calculations to affect the box walls
on dose distributions in cellulose. Generally, the prod-
ucts come in processing in goffered cardboard boxes of
0.14 g/cm3 density. Four-side box walls are 3 mm thick
and two wall-lids of 5 mm thick. For the object without
walls the NUD=0.15, 0.20 against width and height, re-
spectively, and NUD=0.15, 0.16 for object with walls.
Effect is considerable, when the thickness of sidewalls
is increased up to 5 cm. In this case the abrupt dose de-
crease regions near the walls become considerably
smaller and dose non-uniformity become NUD=0.04,
0.06. In these cases the walls are material continuation
of product and as a result the dose becomes more flat-
tened.
We calculated AD inclusive of aluminum tare walls
of 1.5 mm thick. Coefficients NUD=0.16, 0.19 are prac-
tically the same values as in the case for cellulose walls.
The integrated AD within the object in this case is little
less because an inconsiderable part of energy loses in
front aluminum tare wall.
3.5. The air plays important role, because it creates
the primordial radiation anisotropy of field on the ob-
ject, necessary for uniform irradiation of the object.
We are investigated the influence of X-, Y-side air
layers on uniformity dose distributions. The results are
shown in Fig.5. The rubber was irradiated when the
beam exposition is the same.
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
No
rm
ali
ze
d d
os
e
b
4
3
2
1
1-exceed high 0.5 cm, NUD=0.29
2-exceed high 3.5 cm, NUD=0.18
3-exceed high 16 cm, NUD=0.10
4-exceed high 23 cm, NUD=0.09
High, cm
-20 -10 0 10 20
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
No
rm
ali
ze
d d
os
e
1-air layer 0 cm, NUD=0.29
2-air layer 5 cm, NUD=0.14
3-air layer 10 cm, NUD=0.07
4-air layer 20 cm, NUD=0.05
5-air layer 30 cm, NUD=0.06
1
2
3
4
5
a
Width, cm
Fig.5. The influence of Y-side air layers (a) and the
scanner amplitude (b) on the absorbed dose distribu-
tion in rubber
In Fig. 5,a the influence of nearest Y-side air layers
on NUD is presented. For this aim the bounded scanner
work time was simulated. Curves 1 (layer is 0 cm) cor-
responds to the case when the scanner works only dur-
ing the object crosses the scan-plane. Curves 2 (layer is
5 cm) correspond to the case when the scanner starts to
work, when the distance between the scan-plane and ap-
proaching object surface is 5 cm, and finishes to work
when the object passes the scan-plane and is 5 cm re-
moved from the scan-plane, and so on. The results
show, that theY-side air layers do not practically affect-
ed on dose distributions against heights, but appreciably
improve the uniformity against width, decreasing NUD
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 1.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (42), p.200-202.201
from 0.29 to 0.05. The air layers, which are removed
more then 20 cm, do not practically improve NUD.
In Fig. 5,b the influence of upper and lower air
layers on NUD is shown. For this aim the scanner am-
plitude was changed. Curves 1 corresponds to the case
when the deviation of the beam axis on the front object
wall exceeds the object height more than by 0.5 cm
above and below. Curves 2 correspond to the case when
the spread of beam axis exceeds the object heights more
than by 3.5 cm above and below, and so on. The calcu-
lations show, that vertical air layers do not practically
affect on dose distributions against width, but apprecia-
bly improve the uniformity against height, decreasing
NUD from 0.29 to 0.09. The air layers, which are higher
more then 23 cm, do not practically improve NUD.
3.6. The technological screen is the aluminium
sheet placed before the object to be irradiated. It was
used as means of formation of the uniformity dose dis-
tribution against depth. In our calculations the thickness
of screen was enlarged up to 8 mm under unchanged ex-
position. The non-uniformity of the dose distribution
against height and width did not practically vary. At the
same time the NUD against depth is appreciably de-
creased from 0.14 to 0.02.
5. CONCLUSIONS
1. When two-side irradiation occurs the electron en-
ergy spreading decreases the absorbed dose non-uni-
formity against depth.
2. Tare walls of cardboard or aluminium up to
1.5 mm thick do not appreciably influence on the uni-
formity of absorbed dose distribution.
3. The air layer surrounding an object plays an im-
portant role for shaping of transverse dose distributions.
The thickness of layer is approximately equal t the scat-
tering cone radius at the object place. Thus the optimal
distances between the objects on the conveyer and the
scanner amplitude are determined.
4. The more uniform dose distribution against
thedepth may be obtained by several ways:
- Changing of electron energy,
- Making of special tare boxes with metal walls,
- Using the technological screens.
REFERENCES
1. ISO 11137-1994. Sterilization of Health-Care
Products (HCP). Requirements for Validation and
Routine Control Radiation Sterilization.
2. A.N. Dovbnya et al. Electron Linacs Based Radi-
ation Facilities of Ukrainian National Science
Centre “KIPT” // Bull. of Amer. Phys. Soc. 1997,
v. 42, № 3, p. 1391.
3. Francesc Salvat, José M. Fernández-Varea,
Eduardo Acosta, Josep Sempau. “PENELOPE-A
Code System for Monte Carlo Simulation of Elec-
tron and Photon Transport”// Nuclear Energy
Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development, November 2001.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОГРАММНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ PENELOPE ДЛЯ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЯ
РАДИАЦИОННО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ НА УСКОРИТЕЛЕ ЛУ-10
С.П. Карасев, В.И. Никифоров, А.Э. Тенишев, В.Л. Уваров
Для моделирования и оптимизации режимов обработки продукции на технологическом ускорителе ЛУ-
10 (8...18 МэВ, 12 кВт) со сканируемым пучком электронов разработан пакет на основе программной систе-
мы PENELOPE. Приведены результаты моделирования 3D распределений поглощенной дозы в объектах
прямоугольной формы при близких к реальным геометрии установки и условиям облучения. Рассматривает-
ся влияние на получаемые распределения размеров объекта, его состава и плотности, стенок, энергетическо-
го разброса электронов, а также других факторов. Исследуются причины неравномерности распределения
поглощенной дозы и пути ее снижения.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПРОГРАМНОЇ СИСТЕМИ PENELOPE ДЛЯ СУПРОВОДЖЕННЯ
РАДІАЦІЙНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ПРИСКОРЮВАЧІ ЛП-10
С.П. Карасьов, В.І. Нікіфоров, А.Е. Тенішев, В.Л. Уваров
Для моделювання й оптимізації режимів опрацювання продукції на технологічному прискорювачі ЛУ-10
(8...18 МеВ, 12 кВт) пучком електронів, який сканується, розроблено пакет на основі програмної системи
PENELOPE. Наведено результати моделювання 3D розподілів поглиненої дози в об'єктах прямокутної фор-
ми при близьких до реальних геометрії установки й умовам опромінення. Розглядається вплив на отримані
розподіли розмірів об'єкта, його складу і щільності, стінок, енергетичного розкиду електронів, а також ін-
ших факторів. Досліджуються причини нерівномірності розподілу поглиненої дози і способів її зниження.
202
1. INTRODUCTION
2. DISCRIPTION OF LU-10
5. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-79073 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-02T11:50:43Z |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Karasyov, S.P. Nikiforov, V.I. Tenishev, A.Eh. Uvarov, V.L. 2015-03-25T20:36:39Z 2015-03-25T20:36:39Z 2004 Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac / S.P. Karasyov, V.I. Nikiforov, A.Eh. Tenishev, V.L. Uvarov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 1. — С. 200-202. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 87.50.Gi, 87.53.Wz https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79073 A new code based on the PENELOPE system has been worked out for simulation and optimization of product processing modes on LU-10 technological accelerator (8...18 MeV, 12 kW) with scanned electron beam. The results of simulation of 3D absorbed dose distributions in objects of rectangular shape and similar to real plant geometry and irradiation parameters are presented. Influence of object size, its composition and density, walls, energy spectrum of the beam and other factors are studied. The causes of the dose distribution irregularity as well as the methods of its decreasing are discussed. Для моделювання й оптимізації режимів опрацювання продукції на технологічному прискорювачі ЛУ-10 (8...18 МеВ, 12 кВт) пучком електронів, який сканується, розроблено пакет на основі програмної системи PENELOPE. Наведено результати моделювання 3D розподілів поглиненої дози в об'єктах прямокутної форми при близьких до реальних геометрії установки й умовам опромінення. Розглядається вплив на отримані розподіли розмірів об'єкта, його складу і щільності, стінок, енергетичного розкиду електронів, а також інших факторів. Досліджуються причини нерівномірності розподілу поглиненої дози і способів її зниження. Для моделирования и оптимизации режимов обработки продукции на технологическом ускорителе ЛУ-10 (8...18 МэВ, 12 кВт) со сканируемым пучком электронов разработан пакет на основе программной системы PENELOPE. Приведены результаты моделирования 3D распределений поглощенной дозы в объектах прямоугольной формы при близких к реальным геометрии установки и условиям облучения. Рассматривается влияние на получаемые распределения размеров объекта, его состава и плотности, стенок, энергетического разброса электронов, а также других факторов. Исследуются причины неравномерности распределения поглощенной дозы и пути ее снижения. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Применение ускоренных пучков Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac Застосування програмної системи PENELOPE для супроводження радіаційно-технологічних процесів на прискорювачі ЛП-10 Применение программной системы PENELOPE для сопровождения радиационно-технологических процессов на ускорителе ЛУ-10 Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac Karasyov, S.P. Nikiforov, V.I. Tenishev, A.Eh. Uvarov, V.L. Применение ускоренных пучков |
| title | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac |
| title_alt | Застосування програмної системи PENELOPE для супроводження радіаційно-технологічних процесів на прискорювачі ЛП-10 Применение программной системы PENELOPE для сопровождения радиационно-технологических процессов на ускорителе ЛУ-10 |
| title_full | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac |
| title_fullStr | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac |
| title_short | Application of PENELOPE system to support the radiation technologies based on LU-10 linac |
| title_sort | application of penelope system to support the radiation technologies based on lu-10 linac |
| topic | Применение ускоренных пучков |
| topic_facet | Применение ускоренных пучков |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79073 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT karasyovsp applicationofpenelopesystemtosupporttheradiationtechnologiesbasedonlu10linac AT nikiforovvi applicationofpenelopesystemtosupporttheradiationtechnologiesbasedonlu10linac AT tenishevaeh applicationofpenelopesystemtosupporttheradiationtechnologiesbasedonlu10linac AT uvarovvl applicationofpenelopesystemtosupporttheradiationtechnologiesbasedonlu10linac AT karasyovsp zastosuvannâprogramnoísistemipenelopedlâsuprovodžennâradíacíinotehnologíčnihprocesívnapriskorûvačílp10 AT nikiforovvi zastosuvannâprogramnoísistemipenelopedlâsuprovodžennâradíacíinotehnologíčnihprocesívnapriskorûvačílp10 AT tenishevaeh zastosuvannâprogramnoísistemipenelopedlâsuprovodžennâradíacíinotehnologíčnihprocesívnapriskorûvačílp10 AT uvarovvl zastosuvannâprogramnoísistemipenelopedlâsuprovodžennâradíacíinotehnologíčnihprocesívnapriskorûvačílp10 AT karasyovsp primenenieprogrammnoisistemypenelopedlâsoprovoždeniâradiacionnotehnologičeskihprocessovnauskoritelelu10 AT nikiforovvi primenenieprogrammnoisistemypenelopedlâsoprovoždeniâradiacionnotehnologičeskihprocessovnauskoritelelu10 AT tenishevaeh primenenieprogrammnoisistemypenelopedlâsoprovoždeniâradiacionnotehnologičeskihprocessovnauskoritelelu10 AT uvarovvl primenenieprogrammnoisistemypenelopedlâsoprovoždeniâradiacionnotehnologičeskihprocessovnauskoritelelu10 |