Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator
The description of a pulsed electron accelerator STRAUS-R (3.5 MeV, 60 kA, 60 ns) and results of its experimental
 research for two operation modes are given. In the mode of electron beam focusing the accelerator provides the focal spot of 3-4 mm diameter on a target and maximum exposure d...
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| Date: | 2006 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2006
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| Cite this: | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator / V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.S. Nikolsky, N.N. Sulin, G.N. Akatov, N.N. Utyumov,
 M.V. Volkov, P.V. Gusakov, A.N. Drachyov, Yu.G. Kudryavtsev, A.Yu. Kopkin, V.I. Potapin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 40-42. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860267820654264320 |
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| author | Gordeev, V.S. Myskov, G.A. Nikolsky, V.S. Sulin, N.N. Akatov, G.N. Utyumov, N.N. Volkov, M.V. Gusakov, P.V. Drachyov, A.N. Kudryavtsev, Yu.G. Kopkin, A.Yu. Potapin, V.I. |
| author_facet | Gordeev, V.S. Myskov, G.A. Nikolsky, V.S. Sulin, N.N. Akatov, G.N. Utyumov, N.N. Volkov, M.V. Gusakov, P.V. Drachyov, A.N. Kudryavtsev, Yu.G. Kopkin, A.Yu. Potapin, V.I. |
| citation_txt | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator / V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.S. Nikolsky, N.N. Sulin, G.N. Akatov, N.N. Utyumov,
 M.V. Volkov, P.V. Gusakov, A.N. Drachyov, Yu.G. Kudryavtsev, A.Yu. Kopkin, V.I. Potapin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 40-42. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The description of a pulsed electron accelerator STRAUS-R (3.5 MeV, 60 kA, 60 ns) and results of its experimental
research for two operation modes are given. In the mode of electron beam focusing the accelerator provides the focal spot of 3-4 mm diameter on a target and maximum exposure dose of 27 R at 1-m distance from the output window. In the irradiating mode the maximum dose achieves 36 R at 1-m distance from the target with inhomogeneity ≤ 30% within the area 0.36 m² (irradiation spot diameter is 0.6 m).
Приведены описание и результаты исследований импульсного электронного ускорителя СТРАУС-Р (3,5 МэВ, 60 кА, 60 нс) в двух режимах его работы. В режиме фокусировки электронного пучка ускоритель обеспечивает получение на мишени фокусного пятна диаметром 3…4 мм при максимальной дозе тормозного излучения 27 Р на расстоянии 1 м от выходного фланца. В облучательном режиме максимальная доза тормозного излучения на расстоянии 1 м от мишени по оси ускорителя достигает 36 Р с неоднородностью ≤ 30% на площади 0,36 м² (диаметр пятна облучения 0,6 м).
Наведено опис і результати досліджень імпульсного електронного прискорювача СТРАУС-Р (3,5 МеВ, 60 кА, 60 нс) у двох режимах його роботи. У режимі фокусування електронного пучка прискорювач забезпечує одержання на мішені фокусної плями діаметром 3...4 мм при максимальній дозі гальмівного випромінювання 27 Р на відстані 1 м від вихідного фланця. При опроміненні максимальна доза гальмового випромінювання на відстані 1 м від мішені по осі прискорювача досягає 36 Р с неоднорідністю ≤ 30% на площі 0,36 м² (діаметр плями опромінення 0,6 м).
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:03:21Z |
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STUDY OF OPERATING MODES OF STRAUS-R ACCELERATOR
V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.S. Nikolsky, N.N. Sulin, G.N. Akatov, N.N. Utyumov,
M.V. Volkov, P.V. Gusakov, A.N. Drachyov, Yu.G. Kudryavtsev, A.Yu. Kopkin, V.I. Potapin
Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental
Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF), 37 Mira Ave., Sarov, 607188, Russia
E-mail: myskov@expd.vniief.ru
The description of a pulsed electron accelerator STRAUS-R (3.5 MeV, 60 kA, 60 ns) and results of its experi-
mental research for two operation modes are given. In the mode of electron beam focusing the accelerator provides
the focal spot of 3-4 mm diameter on a target and maximum exposure dose of 27 R at 1-m distance from the output
window. In the irradiating mode the maximum dose achieves 36 R at 1-m distance from the target with inhomogene-
ity ≤ 30% within the area 0.36 m2 (irradiation spot diameter is 0.6 m).
PACS: 29.17.+w
STRAUS-R [1,2] (in Russian the abbreviation
means High-Current Transforming Accelerator for Ra-
diography) has enlarged a family of created before and
successfully operating facilities such as STRAUS,
STRAUS-2 and LIA-10M [3-5] that use a high-voltage
pulse forming technology based on multicascade lines
with distributed parameters. The accelerator generates
single high-power X-ray pulses with the duration up to
50 ns in the mode of electron beam focusing on the tar-
get into small-size spot and it is destined for application
in flash radiography. It is also applicable for research in
the field of radiation physics and, with some modifica-
tion, as an injector of a linear induction accelerator.
The main functional module of STRAUS-R is an ac-
celerating system (overall dimensions 4.7×2.2×2.4 m)
shown in Fig. 1. It consists of a Marx generator
GIN-700, a high-voltage pulse forming system and a
diode with an output vacuum chamber and focusing
unit. Besides, the accelerator includes a high-voltage
triggering system, automated system of monitoring and
control, high-voltage charging unit, systems of vacuum
pumping, gas filling, water and oil purifying.
Fig. 2 shows the sketch of the forming system with
the diode and focusing unit. The high-voltage pulse
forming system of STRAUS-R is designed basing on a
water-insulated five-cascade double stepped forming
line (DSFL) with 30-ns electric length of each cascade
and total capacity of 93 nF. As well as in STRAUS-2
accelerator [3,4] the impedances of the DSFL sections
were chosen to be the following: Z1=0.9 Ω, Z2=0.8 Ω,
Z3=1.9 Ω, Z4=3.2 Ω and Z5=18 Ω. The charging of the
DSFL up to the voltage ≤ 650 kV within 0.8 µs is pro-
duced by an eight-cascade Marx generator with maxi-
mum energy store ∼30 kJ (at Vmax=100 kV) and shock
capacity equal to 95 nF. Because of wave processes that
arise at switching-off the line by 20 paralleled gas-filled
trigatrons a seven-fold increase of voltage (up to
~4.5 MV in the idle mode) at the DSFL output is
achieved as compared to its charging one.
Fig.1. View of the STRAUS-R accelerating system
12
00
m
m
4700 mm
Water
Oil
42 3 71 5 6 8 10 11 9 12 14 1513
Z1
Z4
Z2
Z3
Z5
Vacuum
Fig.2. Sketch of the forming system with the diode unit of the STRAUS-R accelerator: 1 – casing; 2 – inner grounded
electrode; 3 – high-voltage electrode; 4 – multi-channel switch; 5 – separating diaphragm; 6 – pre-pulse switch;
7 - inner electrode of output line; 8 − dielectric tube; 9 − sectioned insulator; 10 − resistive load volume; 11 − conic
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.40-42.40
electrode, 12 − cathode, 13 − output vacuum chamber, 14 − focusing unit, 15 − anode flange with a target unit
The electron beam focusing occurs in a diode
formed by converging conic transmission line with self-
magnetic insulation whose inner cathode electrode is
ended with a header of W-Ni-Fe alloy. The mounted at
the anode flange tantalum disc combined with an alu-
minum collector of electrons serves as a target. A more
detailed description of the STRAUS-R accelerator is
given in [1].
During the experiments at the STRAUS-R accelera-
tor more than 300 shots were produced to investigate its
operation both in radiographic mode, with electron
beam focusing on the target, and in irradiating one,
without beam focusing. In the first case, a special focus-
ing unit was mounted at the accelerator output (Fig.2).
An anode-cathode gap in the diode was varied from 10
to 25 mm with the set of conic cathode endings, made of
W-Ni-Fe alloy, with an annular or flat face edge of di-
ameter from 5 to 15 mm. A thickness of a tantalum tar-
get is also changed from 0.3 to 1 mm. In the second
case, a configuration of the accelerator diode was analo-
gous to applied one in the STRAUS-2 facility [4,6]. As
a cathode a solid graphite cylinder ∅ 35 mm with two
coaxial annular edges, faced to anode, was used. A tanta-
lum target of 150-mm diameter and 0.5-mm thickness
was attached to a removable aluminum anode flange that
served as a collector of electrons passed through the tar-
get. The accelerating gap was varied within 40…70 mm
by moving the cathode along the diode axis.
Depending on a delay between on-times of the pre-
pulse and multichannel switches of DSFL the accelera-
tor allows realization of the beam current pulses of vari-
ous shape and duration (Fig.3). To achieve the highest
dose parameters at the facility output a charging voltage
of the DSFL and resistivity of the electrolytic load of
the diode unit were chosen near to maximum permissi-
ble (650 kV and 1500 Ohm⋅cm, respectively), and the
pre-pulse switch was tuned in such a way as to provide
a maximum duration of a formed pulse. Further opti-
mization consisted in matching a required impedance of
the diode by varying the accelerating gap.
In the radiographic mode (with beam focusing),
maximum output dose parameters together with re-
quired quality of beam focusing were achieved with a
cathode having an annular face edge with outer/inner di-
ameters of 10/6 mm, 15-mm anode-cathode gap and
0.3-mm thickness of tantalum target.
It entirely corresponds to the data obtained before on
the STRAUS-2 accelerator [6] in spite of the fact that
these facilities are different first and foremost in the du-
ration of formed pulses and power parameters. As illus-
trations, a photograph of the target after single shot of
STRAUS-R, an X-ray image of the focus spot and a dis-
tribution of radiation intensity over the target are shown
in Fig.4.
In the irradiating mode (without beam focusing), a
maximum X-ray dose (36 R at 1-m distance from the
target) was realized at the accelerating gap of 60 mm in
the diode. The main characteristics of the STRAUS-R
and the oscillograms of its output pulses for two investi-
gated operation modes of the accelerator tuned to
achieve the maximum dose parameters are presented in
Table and in Fig.5, respectively.
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
a b
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
c d
Fig.3. Diode current pulses of STRAUS-R accelerator
a
b
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
-10 -5 0 5 10
Radius, mm
In
te
ns
ity
, r
el
. u
ni
ts
c
Fig.4. Photograph of a target (a), X-ray image of a fo-
cus spot (b) and distribution of radiation intensity (c)
over the accelerator target
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.40-42.41
Main parameters of the STRAUS-R accelerator for two operating modes
Parameter Radiographic mode Irradiating mode
Accelerating voltage, MV 3.3 3.7
Peak beam current, kA 60 50
Current pulse width at half-maximum, ns 60
X-ray pulse width at half-maximum, ns 50
Focus spot diameter on the target, mm ≤ 4
Maximum X-ray dose, R: at the output flange 2.5⋅104 1.4⋅104
at 1-m distance from the target 27 36
Irradiation spot diameter (with inhomogeneity ≤ 30%), cm:
at the output flange 4
(4 cm from the target)
6
(1 cm from the target)
at 1-m distance from the target 65 60
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
C
ur
re
nt
, k
A
a d
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
Vo
lta
ge
, M
V
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
Vo
lta
ge
, M
V
b e
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
D
os
e
ra
te
, r
el
. u
ni
ts
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Time, ns
D
os
e
ra
te
, r
el
. u
ni
ts
c f
Fig.5. Pulses of the beam current (a, d), diode input
voltage (b, e) and X-rays (c, f) of the STRAUS-R accel-
erator in radiographic (a-c) and irradiating (d-f) modes
In both cases the output pulses of the accelerator are
similar by time-amplitude characteristics, but the dose
parameters of generated X-ray radiation are different. In
the radiographic mode, when the beam focusing is used,
the X-ray dose nearby the target unit of the accelerator
is appreciably higher while the dose level at 1-m dis-
tance from the target is some lower than in the irradiat-
ing mode. On the one hand, this is caused by much
higher concentration of beam energy on the target and
on the other - by some deterioration of angular charac-
teristics of electron beam in the diode as compared to
the mode of unfocused beam.
At present experimental investigation of the
STRAUS-R accelerator is completed for the most part.
The obtained results showed possibility of its applica-
tion as a “point” X-ray source in flash radiography as
well as an irradiating facility for research in the filed of
radiation physics.
REFERENCES
1. V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, E.S. Mikhailov et al.
Design of STRAUS-R Accelerator // Problems of
Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear
Physics Investigations. 2001, № 3(38), p.56-59.
2. V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.F. Basmanov et al.
Pulsed Electron Accelerator STRAUS-R. Proc. of the
15-th Intern. Conf. on High-Power Particle Beams
(BEAMS'2004). 2004, p.323-326.
3. V.S. Gordeev, V.F. Basmanov, G.A. Myskov et al.
High-Current Pulse Electron Accelerators Based on
Stepped Forming Lines // Problems of Atomic Sci-
ence and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics In-
vestigations. 2001, №3(38), p.50-52.
4. V.S. Bossamykin, V.S. Gordeev, A.I. Pavlovskii et al.
STRAUS-2 Electron Pulsed Accelerator. Proc. of the
9-th IEEE Int. Pulsed Power Conf. 1993, v.2, p.910-
912.
5. V.S. Bossamykin, V.S. Gordeev, V.F. Basmanov et
al. Linear Induction Accelerator LIA-10M with In-
ductors on Stepped Lines // Problems of Atomic Sci-
ence and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics In-
vestigations. 1997, №4-5(31-32), p.117-119.
6. V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.O. Filippov et al. In-
vestigation of STRAUS-2 Pulsed Electron Accelera-
tor Characteristics // Problems of Atomic Science
and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics Investiga-
tions. 1999, №4(35), p.71-73.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЖИМОВ РАБОТЫ УСКОРИТЕЛЯ СТРАУС-Р
В.С. Гордеев, Г.А. Мысков, В.С. Никольский, Н.Н. Сулин, Г.Н. Акатов, Н.Н. Утюмов, М.В. Волков,
П.В. Гусаков, А.Н. Драчев, Ю.Г. Кудрявцев, А.Ю. Копкин, В.И. Потапин
Приведены описание и результаты исследований импульсного электронного ускорителя СТРАУС-Р
(3,5 МэВ, 60 кА, 60 нс) в двух режимах его работы. В режиме фокусировки электронного пучка ускоритель
обеспечивает получение на мишени фокусного пятна диаметром 3…4 мм при максимальной дозе тормозно-
го излучения 27 Р на расстоянии 1 м от выходного фланца. В облучательном режиме максимальная доза тор-
мозного излучения на расстоянии 1 м от мишени по оси ускорителя достигает 36 Р с неоднородностью
≤ 30% на площади 0,36 м2 (диаметр пятна облучения 0,6 м).
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РЕЖИМІВ РОБОТИ ПРИСКОРЮВАЧА СТРАУС-Р
42
В.С. Гордєєв, Г.А. Мисков, В.С. Нікольський, Н.Н. Сулін, Г.Н. Акатов, Н.Н. Утюмов,
М.В. Волков, П.В. Гусаков, А.Н. Драчев, Ю.Г. Кудрявцев, А.Ю. Копкін, В.І. Потапін
Наведено опис і результати досліджень імпульсного електронного прискорювача СТРАУС-Р (3,5 МеВ,
60 кА, 60 нс) у двох режимах його роботи. У режимі фокусування електронного пучка прискорювач
забезпечує одержання на мішені фокусної плями діаметром 3...4 мм при максимальній дозі гальмівного
випромінювання 27 Р на відстані 1 м від вихідного фланця. При опроміненні максимальна доза гальмового
випромінювання на відстані 1 м від мішені по осі прискорювача досягає 36 Р с неоднорідністю ≤ 30% на
площі 0,36 м2 (діаметр плями опромінення 0,6 м).
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.40-42.43
Fig.2. Sketch of the forming system with the diode unit of the STRAUS-R accelerator: 1 – casing; 2 – inner grounded electrode; 3 – high-voltage electrode; 4 – multi-channel switch; 5 – separating diaphragm; 6 – pre-pulse switch; 7 ‑ inner electrode of output line; 8 dielectric tube; 9 sectioned insulator; 10 resistive load volume; 11 conic electrode, 12 cathode, 13 output vacuum chamber, 14 focusing unit, 15 anode flange with a target unit
REFERENCES
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-79297 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:03:21Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Gordeev, V.S. Myskov, G.A. Nikolsky, V.S. Sulin, N.N. Akatov, G.N. Utyumov, N.N. Volkov, M.V. Gusakov, P.V. Drachyov, A.N. Kudryavtsev, Yu.G. Kopkin, A.Yu. Potapin, V.I. 2015-03-30T18:31:29Z 2015-03-30T18:31:29Z 2006 Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator / V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.S. Nikolsky, N.N. Sulin, G.N. Akatov, N.N. Utyumov,
 M.V. Volkov, P.V. Gusakov, A.N. Drachyov, Yu.G. Kudryavtsev, A.Yu. Kopkin, V.I. Potapin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 40-42. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79297 The description of a pulsed electron accelerator STRAUS-R (3.5 MeV, 60 kA, 60 ns) and results of its experimental
 research for two operation modes are given. In the mode of electron beam focusing the accelerator provides the focal spot of 3-4 mm diameter on a target and maximum exposure dose of 27 R at 1-m distance from the output window. In the irradiating mode the maximum dose achieves 36 R at 1-m distance from the target with inhomogeneity ≤ 30% within the area 0.36 m² (irradiation spot diameter is 0.6 m). Приведены описание и результаты исследований импульсного электронного ускорителя СТРАУС-Р (3,5 МэВ, 60 кА, 60 нс) в двух режимах его работы. В режиме фокусировки электронного пучка ускоритель обеспечивает получение на мишени фокусного пятна диаметром 3…4 мм при максимальной дозе тормозного излучения 27 Р на расстоянии 1 м от выходного фланца. В облучательном режиме максимальная доза тормозного излучения на расстоянии 1 м от мишени по оси ускорителя достигает 36 Р с неоднородностью ≤ 30% на площади 0,36 м² (диаметр пятна облучения 0,6 м). Наведено опис і результати досліджень імпульсного електронного прискорювача СТРАУС-Р (3,5 МеВ, 60 кА, 60 нс) у двох режимах його роботи. У режимі фокусування електронного пучка прискорювач забезпечує одержання на мішені фокусної плями діаметром 3...4 мм при максимальній дозі гальмівного випромінювання 27 Р на відстані 1 м від вихідного фланця. При опроміненні максимальна доза гальмового випромінювання на відстані 1 м від мішені по осі прискорювача досягає 36 Р с неоднорідністю ≤ 30% на площі 0,36 м² (діаметр плями опромінення 0,6 м). en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Ускорители заряженных частиц Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator Исследование режимов работы ускорителя СТРАУС-Р Дослідження режимів роботи прискорювача СТРАУС-Р Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator Gordeev, V.S. Myskov, G.A. Nikolsky, V.S. Sulin, N.N. Akatov, G.N. Utyumov, N.N. Volkov, M.V. Gusakov, P.V. Drachyov, A.N. Kudryavtsev, Yu.G. Kopkin, A.Yu. Potapin, V.I. Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| title | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator |
| title_alt | Исследование режимов работы ускорителя СТРАУС-Р Дослідження режимів роботи прискорювача СТРАУС-Р |
| title_full | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator |
| title_fullStr | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator |
| title_short | Study of operating modes of STRAUS-R accelerator |
| title_sort | study of operating modes of straus-r accelerator |
| topic | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| topic_facet | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79297 |
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