Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators
The new modulator series intended to provide a pulse power supply of MI-451, MI-456 microwave magnetrons is described. The main feature of this modulator series, as compared with the existing national counterparts, is the storage charging power supply. The offered modulators with improved charging...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2004
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| Цитувати: | Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators / A. Dolgov, O. Kildisheva // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 2. — С. 102-104. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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Dolgov, A. Kildisheva, O. 2015-03-31T14:36:04Z 2015-03-31T14:36:04Z 2004 Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators / A. Dolgov, O. Kildisheva // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 2. — С. 102-104. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79358 The new modulator series intended to provide a pulse power supply of MI-451, MI-456 microwave magnetrons is described. The main feature of this modulator series, as compared with the existing national counterparts, is the storage charging power supply. The offered modulators with improved charging power supplies have the substantially better efficiency and high operation stability and reliability. Описано новий ряд модуляторів, призначених для живлення імпульсною потужністю магнетронів MI- 451, MI-456. Запропоновані модулятори мають істотно кращу ефективність, високу стабільність у роботі і надійність. Описан новый ряд модуляторов, предназначенных для питания импульсной мощностью магнетронов MI- 451, MI-456. Предлагаемые модуляторы имеют существенно лучшую эффективность, высокую стабильность в работе и надежность. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Элементы ускорителей Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators ВВ імпульсні модулятори з поліпшеними характеристиками для промислових прискорювачів ВВ импульсные модуляторы с улучшенными характеристиками для промышленных ускорителей Article published earlier |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| spellingShingle |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators Dolgov, A. Kildisheva, O. Элементы ускорителей |
| title_short |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| title_full |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| title_fullStr |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| title_sort |
improved characteristics of hv pulse modulators for technological accelerators |
| author |
Dolgov, A. Kildisheva, O. |
| author_facet |
Dolgov, A. Kildisheva, O. |
| topic |
Элементы ускорителей |
| topic_facet |
Элементы ускорителей |
| publishDate |
2004 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
ВВ імпульсні модулятори з поліпшеними характеристиками для промислових прискорювачів ВВ импульсные модуляторы с улучшенными характеристиками для промышленных ускорителей |
| description |
The new modulator series intended to provide a pulse power supply of MI-451, MI-456 microwave magnetrons
is described. The main feature of this modulator series, as compared with the existing national counterparts, is the
storage charging power supply. The offered modulators with improved charging power supplies have the substantially better efficiency and high operation stability and reliability.
Описано новий ряд модуляторів, призначених для живлення імпульсною потужністю магнетронів MI-
451, MI-456. Запропоновані модулятори мають істотно кращу ефективність, високу стабільність у роботі і
надійність.
Описан новый ряд модуляторов, предназначенных для питания импульсной мощностью магнетронов MI-
451, MI-456. Предлагаемые модуляторы имеют существенно лучшую эффективность, высокую стабильность
в работе и надежность.
|
| issn |
1562-6016 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79358 |
| citation_txt |
Improved characteristics of HV pulse modulators for technological accelerators / A. Dolgov, O. Kildisheva // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 2. — С. 102-104. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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| first_indexed |
2025-11-26T04:32:06Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-11-26T04:32:06Z |
| _version_ |
1850611886493532160 |
| fulltext |
IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS OF HV PULSE MODULATORS
FOR TECHNOLOGICAL ACCELERATORS
A. Dolgov, O. Kildisheva
TV and Radio Apparatus Corporation, (TIRA Corporation Ltd.)
14 Shkipersky protok, Saint-Petersburg, 199106, Russia
E-mail: tira@mail.rcom.ru
The new modulator series intended to provide a pulse power supply of MI-451, MI-456 microwave magnetrons
is described. The main feature of this modulator series, as compared with the existing national counterparts, is the
storage charging power supply. The offered modulators with improved charging power supplies have the substan-
tially better efficiency and high operation stability and reliability.
PACS: 29.17.+w
1. INTRODUCTION
A great quantity of technological linear electron ac-
celerators (LINACs) are produced in the last years for
nondestructive checking, activation analysis, steriliza-
tion, radiochemistry, medicine [1,2]. The requirements
for these LINACs have been raised. It regards their sta-
bility, operate reliability, efficiency, ease and compli-
ance of operation mode change, overall dimensions and
mass. All this involved also the appearance of new re-
quirements for pulse modulators that serve to provide
the power supply of LINACs [3].
The LINACs for the energy from 5 to 15 MeV are
successfully used as radiation sources for quite a num-
ber of radiation processes. The MI-451, MI-456-type
magnetrons or their foreign counterparts being used as
microwave devices. The new pulse-modulator series
with improved characteristics intended to provide the
power supply of mentioned magnetrons was designed in
“TIRA Corporation” (former "Komintern"). The main
parameters of the modulators are given in Table.
Parameters '"MAGNETIT"
modulator
"PIRIT"
modulator
Magnetron MI-451 MI-456
Peak pulse power, MW 4.2 5.5
Peak pulse voltage, kV 45 50
Peak pulse current, А 95 110
Peak pulse current
control limits, А
60-95 60-110
Flat top duration, μs 4.5 6
Pulse top Ripple,
at most
±1% ±1%
Current instability from
pulse to pulse, at most
±0.75% ±0.75%
Maximum pulse
repetition rate (PRR), Hz
300 225
Maximum charging
Speed, kJ/sec
10 15
The pulse modulators of this series are pulse gener-
ators with a store’s full discharge and a step-up pulse
transformer. They can be functionally divided into the
following devices: charging power supply (CPS), pulse-
forming device (PFD), pulse transformer unit (PTU).
The simplified diagram of the modulator is given in
Fig.1.
CPS
22kV
TGI1-1000/25
PFN 25 Om, 12 stage
1 : 4.55
Fig.1. Simplified diagram of the “MAGNETIT” modulator
2. PFD AND PTU
The modulator output pulses are formed by the
twelve-section PFN using the К75-74-type capacitors.
The trimming of a pulse shape can be made off-line by
changing the turns on PFN coils.
The TGI1-1000/25 thyratrons are used as switch in
modulators. The “MAGNETIT” modulator uses one
thyratron, the “PIRIT” modulator – two thyratrons oper-
ated in turns. The thyratron average current was reduced
due to this approach that will permit to increase in fu-
ture the pulse-repetition rate to more than 225 Hz.
The additional circuits that ensure the modulator re-
liability operation at load breakdowns, as well as the cir-
cuits intended to reduce the pulse overshoot at leading
edge and backswing, are provided in the modulator.
Fig.2. PTU
PTU (see Fig.2) provides, in addition to load match-
ing, the power supply of the magnetron filament circuits
and gun.
The matching circuit, that permits to work with a cable
up to 20 m long, is provided at the PTU input. The pulse
transformer is demagnetized on its primary winding.
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 2.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (43), p.102-104.102
The capacitance voltage divider and shunt for monit-
oring the voltage shape and load current are installed at
the PTU output. The modulator voltage pulse shape is
shown in Fig.3.
Fig.3. Modulator output voltage oscillogram
(10 kV/div, 1 µs/div)
3. CPS
The main feature of this modulator series is the char-
ging power supply. It represents the power supply
without an input line transformer and with intermediate
frequency conversion. Such sources are produced in
full-scale by a number of companies, but the optimum
solution and reliable operation (reliability operation at
high-pulse powers, reliable thyratron switching off, low
cost) can be obtained only at the complex design of the
modulator on the whole for specific parameters.
Fig.4. CPS simplified diagram
The simplified diagram of the charging power sup-
ply that contains two packaged products: HF converter
(HFC) and HV rectifier (HVR) - is shown in Fig.4. The
HFC represents the ac-line rectifier and bridge resonance
voltage converter based on IGBT transistors with access-
ory circuits. It provides the conversion of a three-phase
ac-line voltage applied to its input to 15...40 kHz single-
phase sinusoid voltage. The HF voltage is applied to
HVR unit that includes the step-up transformer and the
single-phase bridge rectifier with a filter. The CPS output
current and voltage control is provided at the expense of
frequency control of converter operation mode.
The PFN voltage oscillogram is shown in Fig.5. As
it can be seen on this oscillogram, there is a pause
between the thyratron switching on moment and begin-
ning of the next charging cycle. It allows one to ensure
the reliable thyratron switching off. The duration of this
pause can be adjusted, but, as the studies have shown,
200-250 μs are sufficient for reliable TGI1-1000/25
thyratron switching off for any operation mode.
After the pause has been finished, the storage char-
ging begins, while the charging power supply is practic-
ally operated in constant-current source mode. The char-
ging current value is chosen so that the PFN voltage has
time to increase up to 20...22 kV value during the pause
between the pulses, even at minimum ac power line
voltage (-15%) and maximum PRR. When the PFN
voltage runs into the specified value, the control system
provides the CPS transfer to the voltage stabilization
mode in which the device can remain during long time,
while compensating the PFN leakage currents. The sta-
bilizing voltage value can be adjusted on-line manually
or remotely by means of the analog signal within 50%
to 100% of the peak value.
Fig.5. Charging voltage (3.5 kV/div, 400 µs/div)
This control method has a substantial advantage over
the de-Q systems [4] because there is no extra energy
overflow into the absorbing resistors. This permits to
obtain the charging process efficiency of 92%, at least,
at total control range of charging voltage, ac power line,
PRR. The “PIRIT” modulator CPS outward view is
shown in Fig.6. The PFN voltage oscillograms illustrat-
ing the CPS system operation at ac power line voltage
change within ± 15% are shown in Fig.7,a, and at char-
ging voltage level control – in Fig.7,b.
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 2.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (43), p.102-104.103
Fig. 6. CPS
a)
b)
Fig.7. Charging voltage: a) at ac power line voltage
change within ± 15% (3.5 kV/div., 400 μs/div.);
b) at charging voltage level control change
(4 kV/div, 1ms/div)
4. CONSTRUCTION
As for the design, the modulators differ from each
another, that was resulted from not only the different
output power but also from the design task put before
the designers. The main task of “MAGNETIT” design-
ing was minimizing of the modulator mass-dimensions
parameters. The modulator elements are placed in the
common cabinet with other devices comprised in LIN-
AC structure. As a result, this modulator is placed in the
"Ritall" cabinet being the size of 600х800x1200 mm.
The main task of “PIRIT” designing was to provide
an easy access to any elements and to simplify the con-
struction. The modulator is placed in the "Schroff" cabin-
et having the size of 600х800х1800 mm. In addition, the
modulator construction permitting to divide the cabinet
into two parts has been developed, that provides its easier
transportation. The modulators are made with a separate
PTU that is connected by means of the KPV1/60 cable
20 m long. The PTUs represents the oil tanks having the
overall dimensions of 360х580х300 mm
(“MAGNETIT”), 600х350х590 mm (“PIRIT”).
5. CONCLUSIONS
The described modulators at improved storage char-
ging power supplies have a substantially better effi-
ciency and high operation stability, providing a substan-
tial increase of the consumer properties of all the tech-
nological system with LINAC.
The designed charging power supply allows one to
provide:
1. Controlled pause after a pulse for reliable thyratron
switching off;
2. Modulator output voltage control and stabilization at
ac power-line voltage variation without an energy
outflow into absorbing resistors;
3. Modulator output voltage control and stabilization
with PRR rate variation, down to single pulses;
4. Improved mass and overall dimensions;
5. The charge efficiency not worse than 92%.
REFERENCES
1. M.F.Vorogushin et al. D.V.Efremov Institutes of
Electron Linacs For Applied Purposes // Voprosy
Atomnoj Nauki i Tekhniki Series: Yaderno-Fi-
zicheskiye Issledovaniya, 1997.
2. I.V.Shorikov et al. Compact Electron Linac for
Gammagraphy // Voprosy Atomnoj Nauki i Tekh-
niki Series: Yaderno-Fizicheskiye Issledovaniya,
(39), 2001, v.5, p.12-14.
3. J.S. Oh et al. Development of smart modulator and
efficiency evaluation of 500-GeV e+e- C-band lin-
ear collider // Proceeding of LINAC200 2001,
p.763-765.
4. Yu.N. Gavrish et al. Small-Size 2.5 MeV Electron
Accelerator with Local Radiation Shielding // Prob-
lems of Atomic Science and Technology/ Issue Nuc-
lear-Physics Reseach (39). 2001, v.5, p.9-11.
ВВ ИМПУЛЬСНЫЕ МОДУЛЯТОРЫ С УЛУЧШЕННЫМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ
ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ УСКОРИТЕЛЕЙ
А.Долгов, О. Килдишева
Описан новый ряд модуляторов, предназначенных для питания импульсной мощностью магнетронов MI-
451, MI-456. Предлагаемые модуляторы имеют существенно лучшую эффективность, высокую стабильность
в работе и надежность.
ВВ ІМПУЛЬСНІ МОДУЛЯТОРИ З ПОЛІПШЕНИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ
ДЛЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПРИСКОРЮВАЧІВ
А. Долгов, О. Кілдишева
104
Описано новий ряд модуляторів, призначених для живлення імпульсною потужністю магнетронів MI-
451, MI-456. Запропоновані модулятори мають істотно кращу ефективність, високу стабільність у роботі і
надійність.
___________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004. № 2.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (43), p.102-104.105
14 Shkipersky protok, Saint-Petersburg, 199106, Russia
REFERENCES
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