A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator
The characteristics of oil-insulated 8-stage Marx generator aimed at charging water-insulated line of STRAUS-R
 electron beam accelerator are presented. Two IEPM-100-0.4 capacitors are installed in each stage. Switches in the
 first three stage are 100-kV gas-filled trigatrons while...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Дата: | 2006 |
| Автори: | , , , , , , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2006
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator / A.I. Gerasimov, V.S. Gordeev, V.V. Kul’gavchuk, G.A. Myskov, S.T. Nazarenko,
 V.S. Pavlov, O.N. Sofronova, M.Yu. Suvorov, S.Yu. Shejnov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 81-83. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860222282171940864 |
|---|---|
| author | Gerasimov, A.I. Gordeev, V.S. Kul’gavchuk, V.V. Myskov, G.A. Nazarenko, S.T. Pavlov, V.S. Sofronova, O.N. Suvorov, M.Yu. Shejnov, S.Yu. |
| author_facet | Gerasimov, A.I. Gordeev, V.S. Kul’gavchuk, V.V. Myskov, G.A. Nazarenko, S.T. Pavlov, V.S. Sofronova, O.N. Suvorov, M.Yu. Shejnov, S.Yu. |
| citation_txt | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator / A.I. Gerasimov, V.S. Gordeev, V.V. Kul’gavchuk, G.A. Myskov, S.T. Nazarenko,
 V.S. Pavlov, O.N. Sofronova, M.Yu. Suvorov, S.Yu. Shejnov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 81-83. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The characteristics of oil-insulated 8-stage Marx generator aimed at charging water-insulated line of STRAUS-R
electron beam accelerator are presented. Two IEPM-100-0.4 capacitors are installed in each stage. Switches in the
first three stage are 100-kV gas-filled trigatrons while in other stages – two-electrode trigatrons. Operation delay
time is 108±5 ns at electric strength reserve of each switch being equal to ~ 80%. The circuit inductance is ~1.4 µH.
Приведены характеристики маслоизолированного восьмикаскадного генератора (ГИН) Аркадьева-Маркса для зарядки до 700 кВ за < 1 мкс водоизолированной линии ускорителя пучка электронов СТРАУС-Р. В каждом каскаде установлено по два конденсатора ИЭПМ-100-0.4. Коммутаторы в первых трех каскадах – газонаполненные тригатроны на 100 кВ, в остальных – двухэлектродные. Время задержки срабатывания 108+-5 нс при запасе электропрочности каждого разрядника ̴ 80%. Индуктивность контура ГИН ̴ 1,4 мнГн.
Наведено характеристики маслоізольованого восьмикаскадного генератора (ГІН) Аркадьєва-Маркса для зарядки до 700 кВ за 1 мкс водоізольованої лінії прискорювача пучка електронів СТРАУС-Р. У кожному каскаді встановлено по два конденсатора ІЕПМ-100-0.4. Комутатори в перших трьох каскадах – газонаповнені тригатрони на 100 кВ, в інших – двохелектродні. Час затримки спрацьовування 108+-5 нс при запасі електроміцності кожного розрядника ̴ 80%. Індуктивність контуру ГІН ̴ 1,4 мкГн.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:18:16Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
A 800-kV AND 32-kJ PULSE GENERATOR
A.I. Gerasimov, V.S. Gordeev, V.V. Kul’gavchuk, G.A. Myskov, S.T. Nazarenko,
V.S. Pavlov, O.N. Sofronova, M.Yu. Suvorov, S.Yu. Shejnov
FSUE “RFNC-VNIIEF”, Nuclear and Radiation Research Institute
Pr. Mira, 37, Nizhni Novgorod region, Sarov, 607190, RUSSIA
E-mail: gerasimov@expd.vniief.ru
The characteristics of oil-insulated 8-stage Marx generator aimed at charging water-insulated line of STRAUS-R
electron beam accelerator are presented. Two IEPM-100-0.4 capacitors are installed in each stage. Switches in the
first three stage are 100-kV gas-filled trigatrons while in other stages – two-electrode trigatrons. Operation delay
time is 108±5 ns at electric strength reserve of each switch being equal to ~ 80%. The circuit inductance is ~1.4 µH.
PACS: 84.70. +p
For a high-power accelerator of electrons
STRAUS-R (3.5 MeV, 60 kA, 60 ns) [1] functioning as
a bremsstrahlung source in the mode beam focusing to a
spot with diameter ≤ 4mm (0.27 Gy (Si) dose per pulse
at a 1 m distance from the output flange), a modified
Marx generator (GIN) is designed to charge a water-in-
sulating double forming line of accelerator with a step-
by-step variation of characteristic impedance (DSFL).
For this purpose there was used the widely applied in
VNIIEF high-voltage technological base, for example,
[2-5].
In each of eight multiplying stages of GIN (Fig.1)
two capacitors IEPM-100-0.4 UKhL4 (100 kV, 0.4 µF;
≤100 kA, 50±20 nH; 2 kJ) produced by Joint Stock
Company SKZ “KVAR”, Serpukhov, are connected in
parallel. They have lavsan insulation impregnated with
ecologically pure phenylxyleneethanol (PXE); its break-
down voltage ≥ 70 kV/(2.5 mm) and relative permittivi-
ty equal to 2.53 at 20°C, energy density is 0.17 J/cm3,
test constant voltage – 125 kV, average resource (ser-
vice life) – 103 cycles at oscillatory discharge with a
damping constant no more than 1.5.
Switches represent another important component of
GIN. In terms of high requirements to reliability of all
accelerator assemblies operation the ∆t jitter of GIN
switching delay should not exceed ±10 ns as related to
the beginning of the start pulse supplied to the input of
GIN at electric strength reserve of switches K ≥60%.
The reduction of ∆t and simultaneous increase of K is a
complicated task because these are counteracting fac-
tors. However, there was available in VNIIEF the expe-
rience of a long-term application of 100-kV switches
with nanosecond operation accuracy at K ≥ 60%. Thus,
a reliable trigatron of [2] was taken as a base and some-
what elaborated. The operating components of basic
electrodes and the control one are produced of powder
alloy VNZh-2-3 (W, Ni 2%, Fe 3%). The size diameter
of trigatron is 175 mm while its height is 117 mm. The
leak test gas pressure is 2 MPa. The operation voltage
range U0 is 60…100 kV. The single trigatron testing at
U0=80…100 kV, pressure p =0.7…1 MPa of SF6: N2 =
4: 6 and, correspondingly, K=70...90%, and 150 kA cur-
rent demonstrated that ∆t <±3 ns in a series of 2⋅103
switchings at the start voltage amplitude 65 kV with the
front of ~ 10 ns. Taking into account these results, into
the first three stages there are installed such (the above-
described) trigatrons P1-P3, while in other cascades –
similar switches P4-P6 but with no control assemblies.
The filled with electronegative mixture trigatrons should
possess the specified polarities of potentials on elec-
trodes to operate with nanosecond spread [5]. To their
control electrodes a start pulse of positive polarity Uc is
supplied through tight high-voltage electric resistors R1,
R2 [6]. If the polarities of electrode potentials and start
voltage are opposite to those specified, then, at other
things being equal the delay and ∆t increase almost by
an order. At direct and reverse circuits of cascade capac-
itors charging there are applied one-layer coils L wound
with steel wire (instead of more often used high-voltage
resistors) what also increases reliability of GIN opera-
tion.
Fig.1. Electric circuit of GIN
At nominal voltage of capacitors charging
U0 = 100 kV the accumulated energy in them is 32 kJ
and the output voltage amplitude when running idle is
U ≈ 800 kV. However, for the specified application of
GIN the operation voltage U0 = 90 kV is accepted, what
increases the resource of capacitors by a factor of 2.2
[7]. The charging of DSFL capacitor Cl =93 nF proceeds
according to a well-known law 1 – cos ωt. At GIN ca-
pacitor “in a shock” 100 nF at the account of energy
losses during the transition process Cl will be charged
up to ~ 700 kV in a half of T period of circuit electric
oscillations.
Particular attention was paid at design to assembling
of each stage and GIN as a whole in order to provide its
electric strength and minimize inductance Lg to shorten
time of charging Cl and increase electric strength of wa-
ter gaps in DSFL. Fig.2 demonstrates the separated in
space assembled elements of one cascade. Two capaci-
tors 1 form its base. At their terminals all components
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.81-83. 81
and elements available in the figure are fastened and
connected to each other. Their structure and purpose is
clear from the figure and caption in terms of circuit de-
scription in Fig.1. The consequent arrangement of such
single-type cascades in a common metal tight tank 1 and
their electrical connection according to the circuit
(Fig.1) form a charge-discharge circuit of GIN with the
use of tank as a back current guide.
17
9
21
2 6 14 15 10
3
16
4
13
12
7
8
18
19
20
1
5
11
Fig.2. Typical assembling elements of one cascade.
1 - capacitor (2 units), 2 – trigatron, 3,4 – charging cir-
cuit coils, 5-10 – buses, 11 – tank, 12 – temple,
13 - caprolon bolt, 14 – 21 mounting bolts
The assembly of output voltage outlet from GIN to
DSFL is equipped with an assembly of high-voltage
electrode connection to the GIN body and modified Ro-
gowski coils (RC) [8]. The rod output conductor is dis-
placed manually for short-circuit what is convenient in a
set of test modes of GIN operation.
The characteristics and stability of R1 and R2 resis-
tors affect the delay and velocity of breakdown develop-
ment in trigatrons. Through a compromise of a set of
conflicting requirements there was experimentally
found the following values: R1 ≈ 50 Ω and R2 ≈300 Ω.
The resistors are operable in any position. Their diame-
ter is 50 mm while the length – 180 mm.
The depth δ of skin layer in R1 resistor solution on
f = 5⋅107 Hz frequency equivalent to duration of the
10 ns front of Uc pulse equals to 50 mm. It is 2.3 times
longer than the radius of the 22-mm column of solution,
thus, the current density by resistor cross-section be-
comes almost regular by the end of front duration. In R2
resistors the δ depth is 2.5 times longer than the speci-
fied one what is caused by a 6 times higher value of ρ
specific resistance of solution.
A tank of carbonic steel is a basic power element of
GIN. The tightness between the cover and the tank is
provided by a backing of polyurethane of “Vitur” make.
The internal surface of the tank and its cover is coated
with UR-231 lacker to reduce the contact of steel with
transformer oil. The hooks are welded to the tank for the
sake of convenient displacement of GIN. The tank di-
mensions are as follows: 2400×800×800 mm (without
output assembly), the GIN mass is 1700 kg.
After the assembling of GIN stages was settled,
there were estimated its total inductance Lg ≈1.5 µH us-
ing a method of summing up inductance values of dis-
charge contour segments and total active resistance Rg
≈ 0.5 Ω defined by the loss angle tangent in dielectric of
capacitors, active resistance of discharge channels in
switches [9], resistance of contact connections and all
current guiding buses.
The initial tests of GIN were performed at short-cir-
cuited output and Uc = 65 kV with a 10-ns front. The
measured by parameters of the discharge current
damped oscillations the inductance Lg =1.4 µH and Rg ≈
0.7 Ω are close to rated values. To determine electric
strength and time characteristics, a high-power liquid re-
sistor with 3.5 Ω resistance was connected to the GIN
output. A capacitive voltage divider is arranged on the
start cable at its input to the GIN.
Fig.3. Dependence of GIN operation delay time tr
Rogowski coils served as a current sensor (detector)
through resistor. The measured average time tr of GIN
switching delay depending on voltage U0 = 70, 80 and
90 kV and on gas mixture pressure p (40%
SF6+60%N2) in the switches is available in Fig.3. At
optimal pressure p = 0.7 MPa and U0 = 90 kV (reserve
K = 80%), the delay time tr = 108 ± 5 ns. Single switch-
ing of GIN were realized at voltages U0 =95 and 100 kV
with no negative aftereffects for GIN.
Then, GIN functioned as a component of
STRAUS-R accelerator when there were chiefly tested
and mastered the required modes of generating and fo-
cusing of a beam of accelerated electrons,
bremsstrahlung generation. At U0 variation from 75 to
90 kV there took place within a year and a half about
160 switchings of GIN with no disturbance of its oper-
ability. The results of experimental researches of accel-
erator and its characteristics are presented in [1].
The gained experience made it possible to quickly
test and elaborate the functioning modes of the second
version of the similar accelerator with the analogous
GIN after about 80 joint switchings and put this
STRAUS-R into operation.
Both GINs demonstrated reliable operation and pre-
sented prototypes of a GIN with 1-MV output voltage as
applied to the charging of forming lines in inductors of a
multi-module installation GAMMA [10] and 600 kV −
in inductors of STRAUS-2 [11] and LIU-R accelerators
[12].
REFERENCES
1. V.S. Gordeev, G.A. Myskov, V.F. Basmanov et al.
Pulsed electron accelerator STRAUS-R // 15th In-
ternat. Conf. оn High-Power Particle Beams. S.-
82
Petersburg, RUSSIA, July 18-23 2004. Abstracts.
2004, p.108.
2. V.S. Bossamykin, A.I. Gerasimov, A.I. Pavlovskii
et al. A system of 72 synchronized Marx generators
for charging to the 500 kV radial lines of the LIA-
30 linear pulsed accelerator// Pribory i Tekhnika
Eksperimenta. 1997, №2, p.5-9 (in Russian).
3. A.I. Gerasimov, A.S. Fedotkin, D.I. Zenkov,
S.T. Nazarenko. A reliable shielded 500-kV and
6.25-kJ Marx generator with a stable operation de-
lay // Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta. 1998, №1,
p.96-101 (in Russian).
4. A.I. Gerasimov, A.S. Fedotkin. A reliable 100-kV
gas-filled trigatron switch for energy up to 10 kJ //
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta. 1997, №2, p.58-
63 (in Russian).
5. A.I. Gerasimov, A.S. Fedotkin. Marx generators
with the improved synchronization for high re-
sources of electric strength of switches // Pribory i
Tekhnika Eksperimenta. 1991, №1, p.146-150 (in
Russian).
6. A.I. Gerasimov, A.S. Fedotkin, V.V. Kul′gavchuk.
Small high-voltage liquid resistors // Pribory i
Tekhnika Eksperimenta. 1994, №2, p.78-83 (in
Russian).
7. V.T. Renne, Yu.V. Bagalei, I.D. Fridberg. Calcula-
tion and design of condensers. Kiev: «Technika»,
1966 (in Russian).
8. A.I. Gerasimov. Wide-range induction sensors for
measuring parameters of high-current pulses (re-
view) // Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta. 2002,
#2, p.5-20 (in Russian).
9. S.I. Andreev, B.I. Orlov. On the theory of the spark
discharge // ZhTPh (35). 1965, №8, p.1411-1418.
10. A.V. Avdeeva, V.F. Basmanov, V.S. Gordeev et al.
Marx generator GIN-1000 with 1 MV output volt-
age and 80 kJ energy store // Ibid. [1]. 2004, p.109.
11. V.S.Gordeev, V.F.Basmanov, G.A.Myskov et al.
High-current pulse electron accelerators based on
stepped forming lines // Problems of atomic science
and technology. Series ″ Nuclear Physics Investiga-
tions″. 2001, №3, p.50-52.
12. V.T. Punin. RFNC-VNIIEF facilities on the base of
powerful linear electron accelerators and pulse nu-
clear reactors // Armament. Politics. Conversion.
2003, №1 (43), p.13-17.
ИМПУЛЬСНЫЙ ГЕНЕРАТОР НА 800 кВ И ЭНЕРГИЮ 32 кДж
А.И. Герасимов, В.С. Гордеев, В.В. Кульгавчук, Г.А. Мысков, С.Т. Назаренко, В.С. Павлов, О.Н. Софроно-
ва, М.Ю. Суворов, С.Ю. Шейнов
Приведены характеристики маслоизолированного восьмикаскадного генератора (ГИН) Аркадьева-Марк-
са для зарядки до 700 кВ за <1 мкс водоизолированной линии ускорителя пучка электронов СТРАУС-Р. В
каждом каскаде установлено по два конденсатора ИЭПМ-100-0.4. Коммутаторы в первых трех каскадах –
газонаполненные тригатроны на 100 кВ, в остальных – двухэлектродные. Время задержки срабатывания
108±5 нс при запасе электропрочности каждого разрядника ∼80%. Индуктивность контура ГИН ∼ 1,4 мкГн.
ІМПУЛЬСНИЙ ГЕНЕРАТОР НА 800 кВ І ЕНЕРГІЮ 32 кДж
А.І. Герасимов, В.С. Гордєєв, В.В. Кульгавчук, Г.А. Мисков, С.Т. Назаренко, В.С. Павлов, О.Н. Софронова,
М.Ю. Суворов, С.Ю. Шейнов
Наведено характеристики маслоізольованого восьмикаскадного генератора (ГІН) Аркадьєва-Маркса для
зарядки до 700 кВ за <1 мкс водоізольованої лінії прискорювача пучка електронів СТРАУС-Р. У кожному
каскаді встановлено по два конденсатора ІЕПМ-100-0.4. Комутатори в перших трьох каскадах –
газозаповнені тригатроны на 100 кВ, в інших – двухелектродні. Час затримки спрацьовування 108±5 нс при
запасі електроміцності кожного розрядника ~ 80%. Індуктивність контуру ГІН ~ 1,4 мкГн.
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.81-83. 83
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-79729 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:18:16Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Gerasimov, A.I. Gordeev, V.S. Kul’gavchuk, V.V. Myskov, G.A. Nazarenko, S.T. Pavlov, V.S. Sofronova, O.N. Suvorov, M.Yu. Shejnov, S.Yu. 2015-04-03T21:06:23Z 2015-04-03T21:06:23Z 2006 A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator / A.I. Gerasimov, V.S. Gordeev, V.V. Kul’gavchuk, G.A. Myskov, S.T. Nazarenko,
 V.S. Pavlov, O.N. Sofronova, M.Yu. Suvorov, S.Yu. Shejnov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 81-83. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 84.70. +p https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79729 The characteristics of oil-insulated 8-stage Marx generator aimed at charging water-insulated line of STRAUS-R
 electron beam accelerator are presented. Two IEPM-100-0.4 capacitors are installed in each stage. Switches in the
 first three stage are 100-kV gas-filled trigatrons while in other stages – two-electrode trigatrons. Operation delay
 time is 108±5 ns at electric strength reserve of each switch being equal to ~ 80%. The circuit inductance is ~1.4 µH. Приведены характеристики маслоизолированного восьмикаскадного генератора (ГИН) Аркадьева-Маркса для зарядки до 700 кВ за < 1 мкс водоизолированной линии ускорителя пучка электронов СТРАУС-Р. В каждом каскаде установлено по два конденсатора ИЭПМ-100-0.4. Коммутаторы в первых трех каскадах – газонаполненные тригатроны на 100 кВ, в остальных – двухэлектродные. Время задержки срабатывания 108+-5 нс при запасе электропрочности каждого разрядника ̴ 80%. Индуктивность контура ГИН ̴ 1,4 мнГн. Наведено характеристики маслоізольованого восьмикаскадного генератора (ГІН) Аркадьєва-Маркса для зарядки до 700 кВ за 1 мкс водоізольованої лінії прискорювача пучка електронів СТРАУС-Р. У кожному каскаді встановлено по два конденсатора ІЕПМ-100-0.4. Комутатори в перших трьох каскадах – газонаповнені тригатрони на 100 кВ, в інших – двохелектродні. Час затримки спрацьовування 108+-5 нс при запасі електроміцності кожного розрядника ̴ 80%. Індуктивність контуру ГІН ̴ 1,4 мкГн. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Ускорители заряженных частиц A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator Импульсный генератор на 800 кВ и энергию 32 кДж Імпульсний генератор на 800 кВ і енергію 32 кДж Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator Gerasimov, A.I. Gordeev, V.S. Kul’gavchuk, V.V. Myskov, G.A. Nazarenko, S.T. Pavlov, V.S. Sofronova, O.N. Suvorov, M.Yu. Shejnov, S.Yu. Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| title | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator |
| title_alt | Импульсный генератор на 800 кВ и энергию 32 кДж Імпульсний генератор на 800 кВ і енергію 32 кДж |
| title_full | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator |
| title_fullStr | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator |
| title_full_unstemmed | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator |
| title_short | A 800-kV and 32-kJ pulse generator |
| title_sort | 800-kv and 32-kj pulse generator |
| topic | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| topic_facet | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79729 |
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