High voltage decoupled high-current power supply
A 10 kW power supply (PS) with smooth adjustment of the load current from zero up to 2 kA is described. The
 operating mode with a load current stability up to 0.1% and long-term instability of 0.01% is possible. The PS includes
 the controlled rectifier with the power factor correct...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Datum: | 2006 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2006
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| Zitieren: | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply / A.A. Pachkov, P.A. Bak // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 87-89. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860004936591343616 |
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| author | Pachkov, A.A. Bak, P.A. |
| author_facet | Pachkov, A.A. Bak, P.A. |
| citation_txt | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply / A.A. Pachkov, P.A. Bak // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 87-89. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
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| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | A 10 kW power supply (PS) with smooth adjustment of the load current from zero up to 2 kA is described. The
operating mode with a load current stability up to 0.1% and long-term instability of 0.01% is possible. The PS includes
the controlled rectifier with the power factor correction, the high-frequency invertor, 35 kV decoupled transformer-rectifier
module and the control block.
Описан источник питания (ИП) мощностью 10 кВт с плавной регулировкой тока нагрузки от нуля до 2 кА. Возможен режим работы со стабильностью выходного тока до 0.1% и долговременной нестабильностью 0.01%. ИП включает в себя управляемый выпрямитель с корректором коэффициента мощности, высокочастотный инвертор, трансформаторно-выпрямительный модуль с высоковольтной развязкой до 35 кВ и блок управления.
Описано джерело живлення (ДЖ) потужністю 10 кВт з плавним регулюванням струму навантаження від
нуля до 2 кА. Можливий режим роботи з стабільністю вихідного струму до 0.1% і довгостроковою
нестабільністю 0.01%. ДЖ містить у собі керований випрямляч з коректором коефіцієнта потужності,
високочастотний інвертор, трансформаторно-випрямляючий модуль з високовольтною розв'язкою до 35 кВ і
блок керування.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:38:25Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
HIGH VOLTAGE DECOUPLED HIGH-CURRENT POWER SUPPLY
A.A. Pachkov, P.A. Bak
The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS
630090 Novosibirsk, Russia, Lavrentiev av., 11
E-mail: A.A.Pachkov@inp.nsk.su ; P.A.Bak@inp.nsk.su
A 10 kW power supply (PS) with smooth adjustment of the load current from zero up to 2 kA is described. The
operating mode with a load current stability up to 0.1% and long-term instability of 0.01% is possible. The PS in-
cludes the controlled rectifier with the power factor correction, the high-frequency invertor, 35 kV decoupled trans-
former-rectifier module and the control block.
PACS: 29.17.+w
1. INTRODUCTION
New power sources with high stability, wide adjust-
ment range of target parameters, with small weight and
overall dimensions are necessary for development of ac-
celerator magnetic systems and power supply elements.
Moreover, to meet the requirements of IEEE 519-92,
IEC-555 and 61000-3-2 specifications, a low level of to-
tal harmonic distortion should be created in the mains.
The power mains decoupling of tens kilovolt is neces-
sary for some applications, therefore, the choice among
available designs [1], [2] is sharply restricted. The de-
sign of 10 kW power source with up to 35 kV mains de-
coupling for carbide-uranium target heating is de-
scribed.
2. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The modern power supplies with low weight param-
eters can be performed with the use of high-frequency
conversion schemes only. The low output voltage (up to
5 V) and the high output current (up to 2 kA) of the de-
veloped source, and also the load high-voltage decou-
pling requirement predetermine the using of the step-
down transformer. At high transformation ratio the
transformer leakage inductance is critical; it limits an
available conversion frequency range. Thus, the trans-
former is the most labor-consuming part of the projected
system. The level of minimization of the transformer
parasitic parameters defines the frequency and weight
parameters of power supply in the whole.
3. TRANSFORMER – RECTIFIER MODULE
It is known [6], that the minimal leakage inductance
of the transformer is achievable with the solid turn con-
figuration of either primary or secondary winding.
Fig.1. Transformer cross-section
At the same time, the using of toroidal magnetic core
essentially simplifies the solid turn manufacturing, and
also allows considerable reduction of the leakage mag-
netic field inside the volume due to the complete use of
the primary winding length.
Two TX140×106×25 rings of 3С90 ferrite by Fer-
roxCube firm are used as a magnetic core (a cross-sec-
tion in Fig. 1). The primary winding of 25 turns is
wound directly on the core by three copper busses with
size of 0.5×3 mm in parallel. The transformer secondary
winding is performed from two parts in the solid turn
form (Fig.2). The gap between two windings is chosen
to be 4.5 mm from a reason of the adequacy, defined by
allowable electric field intensity in the isolation gap
with the transformer oil (Fig.1). The energy concentrat-
ed in all leakage field volume can be estimated under
the expression [6]:
+
+∆≈
32
21
12
22
0 dd
h
pwi
W
µ
,
where 12∆ − distance between windings, 1d − primary
wire thickness, 2d − solid turn wall thickness, p −
winding average perimeter, h − winding length, w −
number of turns. Therefore, the leakage inductance of
the transformer with the solid turn configuration results
in the secondary side:
+
+∆≈
3
21
12
0 dd
h
p
LS
µ
.
At solid turn thickness of 3 mm SL = 3 nH.
Fig.2. Solid turn
Between two ferrite rings of the transformer is the
heat-removing ring which simultaneously is their fixing
element and one of the primary winding terminals in ad-
dition. The given structure is located in the tank with the
transformer oil. Necessary holes (Fig.2) are stipulated in
the solid turn for oil circulation due to the temperature
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.87-89. 87
mailto:P.A.Bak@inp.nsk.su
mailto:A.A.Pachkov@inp.nsk.su
gradient between the top and bottom parts of a tank.
High current rectifier is performed under the symmetric
current doubler scheme (elements D5, D6, L1, L2 in
Fig.3). Six 440CNQ030 diode half bridges (Internation-
al Rectifier) are mounted on the top part of the solid
turn. The tank and half bridges cooling are carried out
through the ribbed radiator with mandatory ventilation
(Fig.6).
4. HIGH-FREQUENCY INVERTER
Following demands are made to the high-frequency
inverter: a wide range of load regulation: modes from
idling to short circuit; ensuring of fast load current
change; high efficiency.
Resonant and quasi-resonant inverter topologies
have a number of essential disadvantages [3,4]. A new
topology (Fig.3), meeting the requirements, is the PS-
ZVZCS-FB (Phase Shifted Zero Voltage Zero Current
Switching Full Bridge).
S1 D1 C1
S2 D2 C2
S3 D3
S4 D4
D5 D6
L1
LB CB
L2
Rn
M
TR
Fig.3. High-frequency inverter
The given topology allows adjusting the load current
by change of a phase shift between power switch con-
trol signals of the bridge arms. Unlike ZVS-PS-FB in-
vertors, the serial blocking capacitor and saturated in-
ductor are included in series with primary winding in
the given scheme. The snubber capacitors 1C , 2C are
required for the left bridge arm only. The main idea
consists in realization of such control algorithm by pow-
er switches at which the left bridge arm will be switched
at a zero switch voltage and the right arm − at a zero
switch current.
Idealized control signals and some voltage and cur-
rent curves are presented below.
S1
S2
S3
S4
UCB
US1
I S1
US4
I S4
ULB
UAB
I CB
t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
Fig.4. Control signals, current and voltage curve diagram
10 tt − : At the time 0t the switch 4S is turned on,
while the switch 1S was already switched on. The still
unsaturated inductor limits the rise of the switch current
at a very low value. A soft turn-on is achieved in this
way. The intermediate circuit d.c. voltage is across the
saturable inductor now and the ferrite core becomes sat-
urated.
21 tt − : The bridge diagonal current is rising linear-
ly towards the reflected output current, limited through
the leakage inductance of the transformer.
32 tt − : During this time interval the energy transfer
from intermediate d.c. circuit into the load takes place.
The voltage across the blocking capacitor BC is chang-
ing nearly linearly. The capacitor blocks any occurring
d.c. voltage across the transformer resulted from un-
equal overlap angles between the on − times of the
switches in both bridge diagonals. Period is finished
when 1S is turned off.
43 tt − : The snubber capacitors 1C and 2C
recharged by the bridge diagonal current. For this rea-
son the rise of the 1S switch voltage is limited and the
transistor is turning off softly.
54 tt − : The recharging of snubber capacitors is fin-
ished at this time. Therefore, the switch 2S can be
turned off with the zero voltage.
65 tt − : The inductor BL is not saturated any more.
Therefore, it is blocking the diagonal current on very
low values and the discharge of the blocking capacitor
is prevented. The switch 4S can be turned off with a
current close to zero.
76 tt − : This time interval is necessary to allow the
4S switch to restore parameters.
5. CONTROLLED RECTIFIER
SR
DR3
DR4
DR1
DR2
SS
DS3
DS4
DS1
DS2
ST
DT3
DT4
DT1
DT2
DF CF
LF
R S T
CRS
CRT
CST
Fig.5. Power factor correction scheme
Controlled rectifier is derived from the Vienna Rec-
tifier topology. The scheme provides full regulation of
the output voltage with ripple of 2% and carries out cor-
rection of the power factor. Output parameters are stable
with unbalanced power mains and one of the phases
failure. Total harmonic distortion less than 4% and pow-
er factor 0.99 are achievable at load of 10 kW [5].
88
6. CONCLUSIONS
The power supply control circuit is realized on the
CPLD base by "ALTERA" firm. The operating energy
transformation frequency is 30…40 kHz. The algorithm
is developed for transistor soft switching at a full range
of load changing and output current precision stabiliza-
tion. All assemblies cooling is provided with mandatory
ventilation. The control is carried out locally and re-
motely through the CAN-interface. Calculated efficien-
cy drop on transformator-rectifier module is 13%, high-
frequency invertor is 5%, and the controlled rectifier is
4%. The source efficiency is about 78%, the weight of
56 kg (by the use of water cooling it is possibly to de-
crease the weight by 35%), with overall dimensions of
418×248×440. At the present moment the project is in
manufacturing stage (Fig.6).
Fig.6. Power source general view
REFERENCES
1. F. Bordry, V. Montabonnet, H. Thiesen. Soft
Switching High Current, Low Voltage Modular
Power Converter [13 kA, 16 V]. Workshop on
LHC Powering. 2000.
2. F. Bordry, A. Dupaquier, G. Fernqvist. High Cur-
rent, Low Voltage Power Converter [20 kA, 6 V].
Workshop on LHC Powering. 2000.
3. G. Hua, F. Lee. Soft-switching PWM techniques
and their applications. Proc.of EPE‘93, Brighton.
1993.
4. W. Chen, F. Lee. A comparative study of a class of
full bridge Zero-Voltage-Switched PWM convert-
ers // IEEE Transactions of Power Electronics,
1995.
5. J. Kolar. A Novel Concept for Mains Voltage Pro-
portional Input Current Shaping of a VIENNA
Rectifier. Proc. of the 16th IEEE Applied Power
Electronics Conference. 2001.
6. S.S. Vdovin. Designing of pulse transformer.
Leningrad: “Energoizdat”, 1991.
СИЛЬНОТОЧНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ПИТАНИЯ С ВЫСОКОВОЛЬТНОЙ РАЗВЯЗКОЙ ОТ СЕТИ
А.А. Пачков, П.А. Бак
Описан источник питания (ИП) мощностью 10 кВт с плавной регулировкой тока нагрузки от нуля до
2 кА. Возможен режим работы со стабильностью выходного тока до 0.1% и долговременной нестабильно-
стью 0.01%. ИП включает в себя управляемый выпрямитель с корректором коэффициента мощности, высо-
кочастотный инвертор, трансформаторно-выпрямительный модуль с высоковольтной развязкой до 35 кВ и
блок управления.
ПОТУЖНОСТРУМОВЕ ДЖЕРЕЛО ЖИВЛЕННЯ З ВИСОКОВОЛЬТНОЮ РОЗВ'ЯЗКОЮ ВІД
МЕРЕЖІ
А.А. Пачков, П.А. Бак
Описано джерело живлення (ДЖ) потужністю 10 кВт з плавним регулюванням струму навантаження від
нуля до 2 кА. Можливий режим роботи з стабільністю вихідного струму до 0.1% і довгостроковою
нестабільністю 0.01%. ДЖ містить у собі керований випрямляч з коректором коефіцієнта потужності,
високочастотний інвертор, трансформаторно-випрямляючий модуль з високовольтною розв'язкою до 35 кВ і
блок керування.
____________________________________________________________
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2006. № 3.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (47), p.87-89. 89
1.introduction
2.statement of problem
3.transformer – rectifier module
4.high-frequency invertEr
5.controlled rectifier
6.conclusions
references
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-79735 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:38:25Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Pachkov, A.A. Bak, P.A. 2015-04-04T12:34:08Z 2015-04-04T12:34:08Z 2006 High voltage decoupled high-current power supply / A.A. Pachkov, P.A. Bak // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 3. — С. 87-89. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.+w https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79735 A 10 kW power supply (PS) with smooth adjustment of the load current from zero up to 2 kA is described. The
 operating mode with a load current stability up to 0.1% and long-term instability of 0.01% is possible. The PS includes
 the controlled rectifier with the power factor correction, the high-frequency invertor, 35 kV decoupled transformer-rectifier
 module and the control block. Описан источник питания (ИП) мощностью 10 кВт с плавной регулировкой тока нагрузки от нуля до 2 кА. Возможен режим работы со стабильностью выходного тока до 0.1% и долговременной нестабильностью 0.01%. ИП включает в себя управляемый выпрямитель с корректором коэффициента мощности, высокочастотный инвертор, трансформаторно-выпрямительный модуль с высоковольтной развязкой до 35 кВ и блок управления. Описано джерело живлення (ДЖ) потужністю 10 кВт з плавним регулюванням струму навантаження від
 нуля до 2 кА. Можливий режим роботи з стабільністю вихідного струму до 0.1% і довгостроковою
 нестабільністю 0.01%. ДЖ містить у собі керований випрямляч з коректором коефіцієнта потужності,
 високочастотний інвертор, трансформаторно-випрямляючий модуль з високовольтною розв'язкою до 35 кВ і
 блок керування. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Ускорители заряженных частиц High voltage decoupled high-current power supply Сильноточный источник питания с высоковольтной развязкой от сети Потужнострумове джерело живлення з високовольтною розв'язкою від мережі Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply Pachkov, A.A. Bak, P.A. Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| title | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| title_alt | Сильноточный источник питания с высоковольтной развязкой от сети Потужнострумове джерело живлення з високовольтною розв'язкою від мережі |
| title_full | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| title_fullStr | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| title_full_unstemmed | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| title_short | High voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| title_sort | high voltage decoupled high-current power supply |
| topic | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| topic_facet | Ускорители заряженных частиц |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/79735 |
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