Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city
Samples of celandine and soil from Kharkiv city territory were researched. Gamma spectrometric measurements have shown that the samples contain natural radionuclides of families of ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, and also ⁴⁰K and anthropogenic radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs. The average values of specific activities (Bq/kg)...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Date: | 2014 |
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2014
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80484 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city / N.P. Dikiy, Yu.V. Lyashko, D.S. Katalevska, Yu.G. Parhomenko, M.A. Botova // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 5. — С. 54-58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| id |
nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-80484 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
Dikiy, N.P. Lyashko, Yu.V. Katalevska, D.S. Parhomenko, Yu.G. Botova, M.A. 2015-04-18T14:11:55Z 2015-04-18T14:11:55Z 2014 Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city / N.P. Dikiy, Yu.V. Lyashko, D.S. Katalevska, Yu.G. Parhomenko, M.A. Botova // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 5. — С. 54-58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 89.60.-k https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80484 Samples of celandine and soil from Kharkiv city territory were researched. Gamma spectrometric measurements have shown that the samples contain natural radionuclides of families of ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, and also ⁴⁰K and anthropogenic radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs. The average values of specific activities (Bq/kg) of radionuclides in the soil are 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 for ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, respectively. There is a strong fixation of ¹³⁷Cs in studied soil. The accumulation factors for natural Sr and ⁴⁰K in the celandine are significant in contrast to other radionuclides and elements. Исследовались образцы чистотела и почвы города Харькова. Гамма-спектрометрические измерения показали, что образцы содержат естественные радионуклиды семейств ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, а также ⁴⁰K и техногенный радионуклид ¹³⁷Cs . Среднее значение удельной активности (Бк/кг) радионуклидов в почве составляет: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 для ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, соответственно. В исследованной почве обнаружена сильная фиксация ¹³⁷Cs . Коэффициенты накопления естественного Sr и ⁴⁰K в чистотеле являются значительными, в отличие от остальных элементов и радионуклидов. Дослiджувалися зразки чистотiлу i арунту мiста Харкова. Гамма-спектрометричнi вимiри показали, що зразки мiстять природнi радiонуклiди сiмейств ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, а також ⁴⁰K i техногенний радiонуклiд ¹³⁷Cs . Середнє значення питомої активностi (Бк/кг) радiонуклiдiв у арунтi становить: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 для ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, вiдповiдно. У дослiдженому арунтi виявлена сильна фiксацiя ¹³⁷Cs . Коефiцiєнти накопичення природного Sr i ⁴⁰K в чистотiлi є значними, на вiдмiну вiд iнших елементiв i радiонуклiдiв. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Ядерно-физические методы и обработка данных Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city Антропогенные радионуклиды и микроэлементы в почве и чистотеле города Харькова Антропогеннi радiонуклiди та мiкроелементи у грунтi та чистотiлi мiста Харкова Article published earlier |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city |
| spellingShingle |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city Dikiy, N.P. Lyashko, Yu.V. Katalevska, D.S. Parhomenko, Yu.G. Botova, M.A. Ядерно-физические методы и обработка данных |
| title_short |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city |
| title_full |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city |
| title_fullStr |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city |
| title_sort |
anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in kharkov city |
| author |
Dikiy, N.P. Lyashko, Yu.V. Katalevska, D.S. Parhomenko, Yu.G. Botova, M.A. |
| author_facet |
Dikiy, N.P. Lyashko, Yu.V. Katalevska, D.S. Parhomenko, Yu.G. Botova, M.A. |
| topic |
Ядерно-физические методы и обработка данных |
| topic_facet |
Ядерно-физические методы и обработка данных |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Антропогенные радионуклиды и микроэлементы в почве и чистотеле города Харькова Антропогеннi радiонуклiди та мiкроелементи у грунтi та чистотiлi мiста Харкова |
| description |
Samples of celandine and soil from Kharkiv city territory were researched. Gamma spectrometric measurements have shown that the samples contain natural radionuclides of families of ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, and also ⁴⁰K and anthropogenic radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs. The average values of specific activities (Bq/kg) of radionuclides in the soil are 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 for ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, respectively. There is a strong fixation of ¹³⁷Cs in studied soil. The accumulation factors for natural Sr and ⁴⁰K in the celandine are significant in contrast to other radionuclides and elements.
Исследовались образцы чистотела и почвы города Харькова. Гамма-спектрометрические измерения показали, что образцы содержат естественные радионуклиды семейств ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, а также ⁴⁰K и техногенный радионуклид ¹³⁷Cs . Среднее значение удельной активности (Бк/кг) радионуклидов в почве составляет: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 для ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, соответственно. В исследованной почве обнаружена сильная фиксация ¹³⁷Cs . Коэффициенты накопления естественного Sr и ⁴⁰K в чистотеле являются значительными, в отличие от остальных элементов и радионуклидов.
Дослiджувалися зразки чистотiлу i арунту мiста Харкова. Гамма-спектрометричнi вимiри показали, що зразки мiстять природнi радiонуклiди сiмейств ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th, а також ⁴⁰K i техногенний радiонуклiд ¹³⁷Cs . Середнє значення питомої активностi (Бк/кг) радiонуклiдiв у арунтi становить: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 для ⁴⁰K, ²²⁸Ac, ²²⁶6Ra, ¹³⁷Cs, вiдповiдно. У дослiдженому арунтi виявлена сильна фiксацiя ¹³⁷Cs . Коефiцiєнти накопичення природного Sr i ⁴⁰K в чистотiлi є значними, на вiдмiну вiд iнших елементiв i радiонуклiдiв.
|
| issn |
1562-6016 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80484 |
| citation_txt |
Anthropogenic radionuclide and trace elements of soil and celandine in Kharkov city / N.P. Dikiy, Yu.V. Lyashko, D.S. Katalevska, Yu.G. Parhomenko, M.A. Botova // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 5. — С. 54-58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT dikiynp anthropogenicradionuclideandtraceelementsofsoilandcelandineinkharkovcity AT lyashkoyuv anthropogenicradionuclideandtraceelementsofsoilandcelandineinkharkovcity AT katalevskads anthropogenicradionuclideandtraceelementsofsoilandcelandineinkharkovcity AT parhomenkoyug anthropogenicradionuclideandtraceelementsofsoilandcelandineinkharkovcity AT botovama anthropogenicradionuclideandtraceelementsofsoilandcelandineinkharkovcity AT dikiynp antropogennyeradionuklidyimikroélementyvpočveičistotelegorodaharʹkova AT lyashkoyuv antropogennyeradionuklidyimikroélementyvpočveičistotelegorodaharʹkova AT katalevskads antropogennyeradionuklidyimikroélementyvpočveičistotelegorodaharʹkova AT parhomenkoyug antropogennyeradionuklidyimikroélementyvpočveičistotelegorodaharʹkova AT botovama antropogennyeradionuklidyimikroélementyvpočveičistotelegorodaharʹkova AT dikiynp antropogenniradionukliditamikroelementiugruntitačistotilimistaharkova AT lyashkoyuv antropogenniradionukliditamikroelementiugruntitačistotilimistaharkova AT katalevskads antropogenniradionukliditamikroelementiugruntitačistotilimistaharkova AT parhomenkoyug antropogenniradionukliditamikroelementiugruntitačistotilimistaharkova AT botovama antropogenniradionukliditamikroelementiugruntitačistotilimistaharkova |
| first_indexed |
2025-11-27T06:45:01Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-11-27T06:45:01Z |
| _version_ |
1850805593256755200 |
| fulltext |
ANTHROPOGENIC RADIONUCLIDE AND TRACE
ELEMENTS OF SOIL AND CELANDINE IN KHARKIV CITY
N.P.Dikiy∗, Yu.V.Lyashko, D.S.Katalevska,
Yu.G.Parhomenko, M.A.Botova
National Science Center ”Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, 61108, Kharkov, Ukraine
(Received June 31, 2014)
Samples of celandine and soil from Kharkiv city territory were researched. Gamma spectrometric measurements have
shown that the samples contain natural radionuclides of families of 238U, 235U, 232Th, and also 40K and anthropogenic
radionuclide 137Cs. The average values of specific activities (Bq/kg) of radionuclides in the soil are 625.2, 38.4, 25.7,
21.5 for 40K, 228Ac, 226Ra, 137Cs, respectively.There is a strong fixation of 137Cs in studied soil. The accumulation
factors for natural Sr and 40K in the celandine are significant in contrast to other radionuclides and elements.
PACS: 89.60.-k
1. INTRODUCTION
Artificial radionuclides mainly introduced into the
environment following nuclear power plant accidents
or nuclear weapons tests, by careless use in engi-
neering, medicine etc. In addition, soil may inter-
act with radioactive waste materials that have been
buried for disposal. Radionuclide can travel around
the world on air streams. Their own weight, and
also the weather determine their deposition to the
ground. Also, the heavy rains can bring the radioac-
tive particles to the ground. Soils possess sorbent and
complexing capacities which contribute to the immo-
bilization of radionuclide from water in the underly-
ing layers, after they were displaced from complexes
or adsorption sites. Radionuclide existing in soil can
be dissolved in solution, or ion exchanged in reaction,
complexed with soil organics or precipitate as pure or
mixed solids. They can move into the water, air and
the food supply. The immobility of these radioactive
elements in uppermost soil layers represents a prob-
lem for environment and human health, since they
can be easily integrated in the food chain. A scheme
for radionuclide movement in soil was proposed by
Igwe et al. [1] Consequently, the major part of ra-
dionuclide released into the environment will finally
accumulate in either the upper layer of soils or inter-
stitial system of sediments in aquatic systems. As a
consequence, a risk for ecosystems, agro-systems and
health could be induced [2].
Content of radionuclide in plants depends on their
individual ability to selectively accumulate certain
chemical elements and on soil properties. In particu-
lar, some members of the plant communities concen-
trate radioactive substances. First of all these plants
are mosses and lichens. Artificial radionuclides en-
ter the lichens and mosses in the main by aerial way.
Other plants accumulate some radionuclide mainly
from the soil. Some kinds of medicinal plants ac-
cumulate significant quantities of radionuclide, while
the neighbor herbs do not have this ability.
It is interesting to investigate accumulation ability
of radionuclides of such medicinal plant as celandine.
The greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.) be-
longs to the Papeveraceae family. As a specific
feature of the family is the orange coloured latex.
The Papaveraceae family is rich in specific alkaloids.
Some of them are important in medicine and some
others can be considered as promising in this re-
gard. Chelidonium majus exhibits multiple biolog-
ical actions such as antiviral, antitumour, antibacte-
rial/antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects.
This work contains information about content of
anthropogenic 137Cs and other radionuclides in the
soil of Kharkiv city territory. And also about abili-
ties of celandine to accumulate trace elements, natu-
ral and anthropogenic radionuclides from the soil.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Samples of soil were collected by an envelope
method in five places of Kharkiv city. Depth of soil
samples selection was up to 12 sm. Then the extra-
neous inclusions (stones, roots of plants, etc.) were
removed from the samples. Soil samples were dried
up to an air-dry condition, and then the average sam-
ple was selected.
Determination of the radionuclides in soil samples
was performed by gamma spectrometer method on
Ge(Li) detector with volume of 50 cm3 and resolution
of 3.2 keV at 1332 keV line. To reduce the influence
∗Corresponding author E-mail address: ndikiy@kipt.kharkov.ua
54 ISSN 1562-6016. PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2014, N5 (93).
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (63), p.54-58.
of background, the detector is equipped with a three-
layer Pb-Cu-Al protection. During the measurement
of radionuclides samples were placed in thin-walled
plastic container with volume of 1 liter. Measure-
ments of background conditions (Table 1) which were
considered further were carried out previously.
Table 1. Background conditions during
measurements
Eγ (keV) Radio-nucl. Counts per 1 h
511 −e++e 26
1461 40K 24
239 212Pb 15
609 214Pb 14
352 214Pb 13
186 226Ra+235U 8
583 208Tl 7
911 228Ac 6
1120 214Bi 5
1764 214Bi 5
295 214Pb 5
662 137Cs 4
338 228Ac 3
The weights of the soil and celandine samples
were 1100 g and 300 g, respectively. The exposure
time was about 24 hours. Despite these conditions,
the errors of determination of radionuclides activities
reached up to an order 10−2 Bq/g.
Determination of various forms of radionuclides
by mechanisms of connections in the soil was per-
formed by sequential extraction using different leach-
ing solutions. To do this, one of the five soil samples
was selected. This sample was collected on the ter-
ritory of an old oak forest. Water soluble forms of
the radionuclides were isolated by distilled water H2O
(in a ratio of soil and leach solution 1:3). Exchange
forms were isolated using 1M solution CH3COONH4.
Nonexchange (acid soluble) forms were isolated by 6N
solution of HCl. Strongly bound forms which are not
supplanted by the above reagents, was determined
directly in the soil residues after extraction.
The time of contact of the soil with a leach solu-
tion was not less than 24 hours at all stages of the ex-
periment (Fig 1). It is known that cations of radionu-
clide which are desorbed by ion-exchange mechanism,
and soluble complex compounds of radionuclides with
soil components, proceed to water extract. Radionu-
clides in exchange condition proceed to ammonium
acetate extract [3-5]. Acid soluble compounds include
nonexchange forms of radionuclides. These forms of
radionuclides do not proceed into soil solution in the
environment under usual conditions, but they can be
absorbed by plants at a root pathway of receipt [3,
6]. Strongly bound forms contain radionuclides that
are not dissolved by any above mentioned reagents
and are unavailable for plants.
Fig.1. General plan of sequential extraction
Celandine samples were collected in the center
part of the city at the same site with the soil sam-
ple. Plant samples were collected together with roots,
thoroughly laundered by water. And then celandine
samples were thoroughly dried up.
Composition of elements of the samples was in-
vestigated by photoactivation analysis. Samples with
masses up to 2 g. have been activated on the accel-
erator ”EPOS” NSC KIPT with energy of 23 MeV
and a current of 700 mA. And then the gamma-
spectrometric analysis was performed.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There are registered γ − lines from natural ra-
dionuclide of families of 238U, 235U,232Th, and also
40K and anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs on the
spectrum of samples (Fig.2).
Fig.2. Typical gamma-spectrum of the soil sample
The average values of specific activities of ra-
dionuclides in the soil for the study area are presented
in the Table 2. At a general level samples from the
central and north-western part of the city stand out.
In first sample the content of 40K (363.9 Bq/kg) and
other radionuclides are lower. This is probably con-
nected with observed extensive celandine bushes here.
The second sample is the richest in content of 137Cs
(37.6 Bq/kg). This is apparently connected with fact
that soil from old oak forest significantly fixed ra-
dionuclide Cs, which has been located in it for a long
time.
55
Table 2. The average value of specific activities of
radionuclides in the soil for the study area
element activities (Bq/kg)
40K 625.2
228Ac 38.4
212Pb and 208Tl 36
226Ra 25.7
214Pb and 214Bi 24
137Cs 21.5
The results of the extraction of different (by con-
nection mechanisms in soil) forms of radionuclides
from the soil are presented in the Table 3.
Physicochemical state of radionuclide, entering to
the land cover, changes with time. Such changes de-
pend on own chemical properties of elements, dura-
tion of stay in the soil, features of absorbing complex,
features of genetic structure of the soil profile, as well
as a number of environmental factors. As a result,
the migratory ability of radionuclides and their avail-
ability to plants is changing. It is known that the
radionuclide 137Cs is more connected with the min-
eral part of the soil-absorbing complex, which plays
a very important role in its mobility in the soil and
in transition to plants [11].
Table 3. The content of different (by connection
mechanisms in soil) forms of radionuclides 137Cs
and 40K in the soil
Forms of radionuclide 137Cs(%) 40K(%)
water-soluble 2,5 5,1
exchange 0,5 2,8
nonexchange (acid soluble) 2,0 7,5
strongly bound 95 84,6
The content of radionuclide 137Cs in exchange and
nonexchange forms is 0.5 and 2.0 %, respectively, that
is insignificant. Apparently, it is related to the pres-
ence in the forest soils of clay minerals group of illite.
It is known that illite has high selectivity in relation
to the trace amount of Cs ions. This is caused by
presence of selective adsorption places on the weath-
ered side surfaces of illite. Such adsorption places are
localized in the region of wedge extensions of three-
layer packages. [8, 10]
The main content of 137Cs and 40K radionuclides
about 95 and 84.6 % respectively is presented in the
strongly bound form. All three mobile forms 40K in
average are 3.5 times more than that of 137Cs. For
other radionuclides (e.g. 228Ac and 214Pb) the values
are close to values for 40K. Finnaly, all radionuclides
are more mobile in the soil, than 137Cs. It can be con-
nected with features of behavior of these elements in
the soil. And also it testifies to long-term stay of
137Cs in the soil.
There are also natural radionuclides of families of
238U, 235U, 232Th, radionuclides 40K and 137Cs, and
additionally cosmogenic 7Be in the celandine sample.
However, intensity of the corresponding peaks on a
spectrum is lower, than ones in soil samples. Only
40K stands out.This is connected with the fact that
potassium is one of the most necessary elements of
mineral nutrition of plants. It is found in structure of
minerals, in particles of colloids, in organic residues
and in the form of mineral salts in the soil ( KCl,
KHCO3, K2HPO4 - in plants). Potassium is an es-
sential element of plant nutrition, besides it, as a com-
petitor, reduces the accumulation of 137Cs in plants.
Consequently, the higher content of potassium is in
the soil relative to 137Cs, the smaller amount of the
radionuclide will be absorbed by the plant roots [7].
The intensity of the transfer of radionuclides or
elements from soil into plants is being measured by
the accumulation factor (Kaf ). Last equals the ratio
of the specific activities of radionuclide or a content
of element in the plant to the soil. Accumulation fac-
tor in dry matter of celandine equals for 137Cs - 0.01,
40K - 5.53, 228Ac -0.23, 226Ra - 0.21, respectively.
As can be seen Kaf for 40K reaches a significant
value in contrast to radionuclide Cs, which has a low
value of Kaf . Also there are observed relatively high
values of accumulation factors of actinium and ra-
dium (thorium and uranium groups) in celandine.
Composition of trace elements of the samples
was investigated by photoactivation analysis (Fig.3).
Celandine sample includes such elements as calcium,
sodium, zirconium, chrome, titanium, strontium, ce-
sium, rubidium, yttrium, iodine, etc. Most of these
elements are essential for normal growth and devel-
opment of plants. However some of them are toxic at
the high concentrations. Accumulation of certain el-
ements greatly varies depending on the type of plant,
and also on content them in the soil.
Fig.3. Typical gamma spectrum of celandine sample
after γ-activation
A similar set of elements (Table 4) are observed in
the soil sample from under the plants. The elemental
composition of the soil sample depends on the type
of soil, its mineralogical composition, acidity, etc.
56
Table 4. The content of some trace elements in the
leaves, roots of celandine and soil sample from
under the plant
element leaves roots soil
Na 3.79·10−5 2.71·10−4 1.04·10−3
Ca 8.52·10−3 9.69·10−3 5.70·10−3
K* 6.87·10−2 4.33·10−2 1.20·10−2
Ti 4.97·10−5 3.77·10−4 2.79·10−3
Cr 1.82·10−7 1.03·10−6 6.08·10−6
Mn 1.55·10−5 9.27·10−5 2.62·10−4
Ni 6.16·10−7 3.48·10−6 5.73·10−6
Zn 2.34·10−5 8.73·10−5 1.69·10−4
As 2.43·10−7 7.64·10−7 6.19·10−6
Rb 4.64·10−6 6.12·10−6 2.84·10−5
Sr 8.21·10−5 1.76·10−4 4.39·10−5
Y 2.27·10−7 1.46·10−6 1.13·10−5
Zr 2.40·10−6 3.27·10−5 2.56·10−4
I 1.63·10−6 1.99·10−6 3.40·10−6
Cs 6.28·10−8 2.16·10−7 1.48·10−6
Ce 2.88·10−7 2.93·10−6 2.85·10−5
Pb 9.57·10−6 9.12·10−6 2.88·10−5
U 2.73·10−7 1.93·10−7 1.93·10−6
* - by results for radionuclide 40K
Such elements as Na, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb,
Ce is being accumulated in the roots of celandine (Ta-
ble 5)
Table 5. The content of elements in ratio:
roots/leaves, leaves/soil, roots/soil
element roots/leaves leaves/soil roots/soil
Na 7.15 0.04 0.26
Ca 1.20 1.57 1.89
K* 0.63 5.72 3.60
Ti 7.60 0.02 0.14
Cr 5.67 0.03 0.17
Mn 5.97 0.06 0.35
Ni 5.65 0.11 0.61
Zn 3.74 0.14 0.52
As 3.14 0.04 0.12
Rb 1.32 0.16 0.22
Sr 2.14 1.87 4.00
Y 6.46 0.02 0.13
Zr 13.66 0.01 0.13
Nb 6.50 0.05 0.35
I 1.22 0.48 0.58
Cs 3.44 0.04 0.15
Ce 10.19 0.01 0.10
Pb 0.95 0.33 0.32
U 0.71 0.14 0.10
As shown the accumulation factor of K for
celandine leaves is significant. It is connected with
fact that K is one of the most important elements for
plants.
Plants absorb Cs less efficiently than its nutrient
analogue, potassium. The mechanisms by which Cs
is taken up by plant roots are not completely under-
stood. At least at low K concentrations there is evi-
dence that Cs+ is absorbed by the K+ uptake system
of the root. This evidence is derived from the obser-
vations that K+ strongly suppresses Cs+ uptake and
that Cs+ is efficiently transported by an isolated high
affinity K+ uptake transporter of root cells [9].
The accumulation factor of Ca is also great. A
chemical analogue of calcium is strontium. Accumu-
lation factor of Sr in celandine roots is equal 4. This
is a very high rate of accumulation factor. There-
fore, strontium (including radionuclide 90Sr) also eas-
ily comes into celandine and accumulates more con-
siderably in the root system.
Obtained large value of Kaf for natural cesium
compared with the radionuclide 137Cs indicates on
significant fixing in the soil of this radionuclide. This
suggests that 137Cs has been in the soil for a long
time.
4. CONCLUSIONS
1. Results are obtained about: almost all content
of the radionuclide 137Cs in soil is presented in the
strongly bound form; all other radio nuclides, that
were registered in the soil, are more mobile, than
137Cs; radionuclide 137Cs is bound in the soil more
than natural cesium. All these indicate that 137Cs
has being in the soil for a long time. Therefore pol-
lution in the city of Kharkiv is mainly a consequence
of nuclear weapons tests in the 1960s, and not by
Chernobyl accident.
2. Strontium is being absorbed and accumulated
by celandine from the soil more than other elements
and radionuclides. This indicates about selectivity of
celandine to strontium. And it also suggests that this
plant can be used for remediation soil from radionu-
clides, primarily from 90Sr. However, in this case, it
is required to find the optimal method of celandine
utilization without intake of radionuclides to the en-
vironment.
3. Obtained results about good accumulation of
40K as against of 137Cs by celandine, confirmed liter-
ature data that potassium is a chemical competitor of
cesium, and it is reducing Cs accumulation by plants.
4. Microelements that were received by plant
from the soil are distributed unevenly. Such elements
as Na, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Ce are contained
in the roots of celandine greater than in leaves.
References
1. J.C. Igwe, I.C.Nnorom, B.C.Gbaruko. Kinetics
of radionuclides and heavy metals behavior in
soils: implications for plant growth // Afr. J.
Biotechnol. 2005, v. 4, p. 1541-1547.
2. MariaGavrilescu. Characterization and remedia-
tion of soils contaminated with uranium // Jour-
nal of Hazardous Materials. 2009, v. 163, p. 475-
510.
57
3. Ts.I. Bobovnikova. Spent chemical forms of ra-
dionuclides and their transformation in soil zone
of the Chernobyl accident // Soil-1990.-MY.
N10, p.20-26 (in Russian).
4. A.V.Konoplev. Leaching dynamics of long-lived
radionuclides deposited as a result of the Cher-
nobyl accident, from soil surface runoff /
A.V.Konoplev (and others)// Meteorology and
Hydrology. 1990, -MY, N.12, p. 63-74 (in Rus-
sian).
5. F.I. Pavlotskaya. Migration of radioactive prod-
ucts of global fallout in soils / F.I. Pavlotskaya,
M: ”Atomizdat”, 1974.-215 p. (in Russian).
6. V.V.Martyushov. Condition of radionuclides in
the soil of the East Ural radioactive trace /
V.V.Martyushov (and others)// Ecology. 1995, -
MY. N.2, p. 110-113 (in Russian).
7. D.T.Britto, H.J.Kronzucker. Cellular mecha-
nisms of potassium transport in plants // Phys-
iologia Plantarum. 2008, ISSN, p. 0031-9317.
8. I.A. Stepina, V.E. Popov. Rating influences con-
centrations of potassium Jonah selektivnuyu
sorbtsiyu cesium-137 illitom // Radiochemistry.
2013, v. 55, N.5, p. 413-417.
9. Y.G. Zhu and E. Smolders. Plant uptake of radio-
cesium: a review of mechanisms, regulation and
application // Journal of experimental botany.
October 2000, v. 51, N.351, p. 36-42.
10. A.DeKoning, R.N.J. Comans// Geochim. Cos-
mochim. Acta. 2004, v. 68, N.13, p. 2815-2823.
11. L.N.Mihajlovskaya. Physico-chemical state of ra-
dionuclides in soil zones of influence of the nuclear
fuel cycle. L.N. Mihajlovskaya, I.V.Molchanov,
E.N.Karavayeva // Agrochemicals. 2004, -MY,
N.7, p. 67-71 (Russian).
ÀÍÒÐÎÏÎÃÅÍÍÛÅ ÐÀÄÈÎÍÓÊËÈÄÛ È ÌÈÊÐÎÝËÅÌÅÍÒÛ Â ÏÎ×ÂÅ È
×ÈÑÒÎÒÅËÅ ÃÎÐÎÄÀ ÕÀÐÜÊÎÂÀ
Í.Ï.Äèêèé, Þ.Â.Ëÿøêî, Ä.Ñ.Êàòàëåâñêàÿ, Þ.Ã.Ïàðõîìåíêî, Ì.À.Áîòîâà
Èññëåäîâàëèñü îáðàçöû ÷èñòîòåëà è ïî÷âû ãîðîäà Õàðüêîâà. Ãàììà-ñïåêòðîìåòðè÷åñêèå èçìåðåíèÿ
ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî îáðàçöû ñîäåðæàò åñòåñòâåííûå ðàäèîíóêëèäû ñåìåéñòâ 238U, 235U, 232Th, à òàêæå 40K
è òåõíîãåííûé ðàäèîíóêëèä 137Cs. Ñðåäíåå çíà÷åíèå óäåëüíîé àêòèâíîñòè (Áê/êã) ðàäèîíóêëèäîâ â
ïî÷âå ñîñòàâëÿåò: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7, 21.5 äëÿ 40K, 228Ac, 226Ra, 137Cs, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî.  èññëåäîâàí-
íîé ïî÷âå îáíàðóæåíà ñèëüíàÿ ôèêñàöèÿ 137Cs. Êîýôôèöèåíòû íàêîïëåíèÿ åñòåñòâåííîãî Sr è 40K â
÷èñòîòåëå ÿâëÿþòñÿ çíà÷èòåëüíûìè, â îòëè÷èå îò îñòàëüíûõ ýëåìåíòîâ è ðàäèîíóêëèäîâ.
ÀÍÒÐÎÏÎÃÅÍÍI ÐÀÄIÎÍÓÊËIÄÈ ÒÀ ÌIÊÐÎÅËÅÌÅÍÒÈ Ó ÃÐÓÍÒI ÒÀ
×ÈÑÒÎÒIËI ÌIÑÒÀ ÕÀÐÊÎÂÀ
Í.Ï.Äèêèé, Þ.Â.Ëÿøêî, Ä.Ñ.Êàòàëåâñüêà, Þ.Ã.Ïàðõîìåíêî, Ì.Î.Áîòîâà
Äîñëiäæóâàëèñÿ çðàçêè ÷èñòîòiëó i ðóíòó ìiñòà Õàðêîâà. Ãàììà-ñïåêòðîìåòðè÷íi âèìiðè ïîêàçàëè, ùî
çðàçêè ìiñòÿòü ïðèðîäíi ðàäiîíóêëiäè ñiìåéñòâ 238U, 235U, 232Th, à òàêîæ 40K i òåõíîãåííèé ðàäiîíóêëiä
137Cs. Ñåðåäí¹ çíà÷åííÿ ïèòîìî¨ àêòèâíîñòi (Áê/êã) ðàäiîíóêëiäiâ ó ðóíòi ñòàíîâèòü: 625.2, 38.4, 25.7,
21.5 äëÿ 40K, 228Ac, 226Ra, 137Cs, âiäïîâiäíî. Ó äîñëiäæåíîìó ðóíòi âèÿâëåíà ñèëüíà ôiêñàöiÿ 137Cs.
Êîåôiöi¹íòè íàêîïè÷åííÿ ïðèðîäíîãî Sr i 40K â ÷èñòîòiëi ¹ çíà÷íèìè, íà âiäìiíó âiä iíøèõ åëåìåíòiâ
i ðàäiîíóêëiäiâ.
58
|