Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods
The technique allowing one to determine energy of transitions in atomic nuclei with high accuracy is developed.
 It is based on measurement of a difference of energy of internal conversion electron lines on high-resolution β-
 spectrometer π SQRT(2) with iron yoke and radius of an...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Datum: | 2004 |
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2004
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online Zugang: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80521 |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Zitieren: | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods / V.T. Kupryashkin, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko, A.I. Feoktistov, V.P. Khomenkov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 5. — С. 67-71. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859990939462795264 |
|---|---|
| author | Kupryashkin, V.T. Lashko, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Feoktistov, A.I. Khomenkov, V.P. |
| author_facet | Kupryashkin, V.T. Lashko, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Feoktistov, A.I. Khomenkov, V.P. |
| citation_txt | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods / V.T. Kupryashkin, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko, A.I. Feoktistov, V.P. Khomenkov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 5. — С. 67-71. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The technique allowing one to determine energy of transitions in atomic nuclei with high accuracy is developed.
It is based on measurement of a difference of energy of internal conversion electron lines on high-resolution β-
spectrometer π SQRT(2) with iron yoke and radius of an equilibrium orbit r = 50 cm at a constant magnetic spectrometer
field. The accuracy of definition of γ-ray energies reaches from 0,2 up to 1 eV in the energy region from 100 up to
500 keV. That completely corresponds to the requirements to energy standards of 4-th order.
Розроблено методику, яка дозволяє з високою точністю визначати енергії переходів в атомних ядрах.
Методика основана на вимірах енергії електронів внутрішньої конверсії на β-спектрометрі високої
роздільної здатності типу π SQRT(2) з залізним ярмом і радіусом рівноважної орбіти ρ = 50 см при постійному
магнітному полі спектрометра. Точність визначення енергії переходів сягає від 0,2 до 1 еВ для області
енергії від 100 до 500 кеВ, що повністю відповідає вимогам до енергетичних нормалей 4-го порядку.
Разработана методика, позволяющая с высокой точностью определять энергии переходов в атомных
ядрах. Методика основана на измерении разности энергии линий электронов внутренней конверсии на β-
спектрометре высокого разрешения типа π SQRT(2) с железным ярмом и радиусом равновесной орбиты ρ = 50 см
при постоянном магнитном поле спектрометра. Точность определения энергии переходов достигает от 0,2
до 1 эВ для области энергии от 100 до 500 кэВ, что полностью соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к
энергетическим нормалям 4-го порядка.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:31:23Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
DETERMINATION OF THE ENERGY STANDARDS
BY PRECISION BETA-SPECTROSCOPY METHODS
V.T. Kupryashkin, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko, A.I. Feoktistov, V.P. Khomenkov
Institute for Nuclear Research, Kiev, Ukraine
e-mail: lashkoa@kinr.kiev.ua
The technique allowing one to determine energy of transitions in atomic nuclei with high accuracy is developed.
It is based on measurement of a difference of energy of internal conversion electron lines on high-resolution β-
spectrometer 2π with iron yoke and radius of an equilibrium orbit r = 50 cm at a constant magnetic spectrometer
field. The accuracy of definition of γ-ray energies reaches from 0,2 up to 1 eV in the energy region from 100 up to
500 keV. That completely corresponds to the requirements to energy standards of 4-th order.
PACS: 23.20.Lv, 23.20.Nx, 29.30.-h
1. INTRODUCTION
The relative measurements, as a rule, are carried out
easier than absolute ones: various physical quantities
and mistakes need not to be measured; and hence
uncertainties and regular errors related to these
quantities are eliminated. It is especially convenient to
carry out comparisons with the objects for which the
quantity to be measured is already known with high
accuracy. The preliminary choice or creation of such
objects is necessary. Nuclear spectroscopy standards
can be used as the base objects in nuclear spectroscopy.
According to B.S. Dzhelepov [1], it is possible to
classify them as follows:
1. The transition in 86Kr, having wave-length in
vacuum λ = 6057,80211 Å, is called standard of the
first order.
2. Standards of the second order are selected
according to the following rules:
a) wave-length of the second-order standard should
be determined by comparison with the wave-length of
the first-order standard;
b) the comparison is carried out with accuracy
corresponding to the best modern works.
3. The third-order standards are
a) the nuclear transitions, wave-lengths of which are
determined by comparison with the wave-lengths of
either first-order standards, or second-order ones. The
comparison should be made at a modern level of
accuracy by means of the methods, which are based on
the well-known physical laws;
b) the transitions energies of which are determined
using two standards of the third order and the Ritz rule:
E1+E2=E3.
4. Spectral lines, energies of which are determined
by comparison with the standards of the second and
third order, are called the fourth-order standards. It is
possible to use the methods in which energy of the
transition is determined by using a curve constructed on
several standards of the second and third order.
As the second-order standard, γ411,8 198Hg is used.
Its energy is 411,80205 ± 0,00017 keV [2] for today.
The requirements to accuracy of definition of energy of
the third and fourth-order standards constantly vary with
improvement of the measurement methods. According
to last Helmer review [3], the list of the recommended
energy standards for nuclear spectroscopy includes only
those γ-rays, for which the relative error in energy
definition does not exceed 10-5.
Last years, along with crystal diffraction
spectrometers, X-ray HPGe-detectors which allow
determination of the energy of transitions in the region
up to 300 keV with accuracy about 1 eV are widely
used for precision measurements of energy of γ-rays
arising in the decay of radioactive nuclei. Due to them,
the number of standards is increased up to 260. They
cover the energy range from 24 up to 4800 keV.
However, it is not enough for needs of nuclear
spectroscopy.
2. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE
2.1. EQUIPMENT
We developed a technique allowing us to reach high
accuracy of definition of transition energies on magnetic
β-spectrometer 2π with iron yoke and radius of an
equilibrium orbit ρ = 50 cm. It is based on measurement
of energy difference of two internal conversion electron
lines at a constant magnetic field of the spectrometer.
One of these lines, which energy is well-known, is using
as standard.
In the experiment we measured dependence of
electron rate on the value of voltage enclosed between
the source and the chamber spectrometer. The distance
between conversion lines is obtained directly in
electron-volt. Stability of the voltage, applied to the
source, is maintained through the specially constructed
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2004, № 5.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (44), p. 67-71. 67
block. It ensures the voltage accuracy of 5⋅10-5, and
the drift of voltage for seven day of continuous work of
the system does not exceed 8⋅10-5. The magnetic field of
spectrometer is stabilized in three points along radius by
a nuclear magnetic resonance method (NMR) with
accuracy not worse than 5⋅10-6 [4]. The registration of
conversion electrons is carried out by two Geiger-
Muller counters included in the coincidence scheme.
To reduce possible instability in the work of the
system we carried out short sets of measurements with
accumulation of the received information on the
computer by repeated scanning of the spectrum in both
directions of the voltage change. The resolution of our
spectrometer is R1/2 = 0,03% on Bρ under Ω = 0,07%
from 4π.
2.2. THE PROGRAMS USED FOR PROCESSING
OF CONVERSION SPECTRA
The rigid requirements to accuracy of transition
energy definition can not be satisfied without the high-
quality mathematical processing of the results of
measurements. To process internal conversion electron
spectra, special programs based on the method of fitting
the "instrumental" peak into the spectrum region of
interest [5] were constructed. This technique implies
high-statistical-accuracy measuring a single conversion
peak from the obtained spectrum or, if such a peak is
absent, specially measured single conversion peak with
the shape similar to that of the line in the studied region
of spectrum. After subtraction of the background, it is
described by the multiple cubic-spline interpolation, and
it is used as "instrumental", i.e. defines the experimental
peak shape for the subsequent analysis by the least-
squares method.
Assuming that all peaks have the same shape, the region
of conversion spectrum is described by
∑
=
++++=
n
i
ii EXDXCXBFAXY
1
2)()( , (1)
where )(XY is count rate, provided that the voltage on
the source is X;
n is the number of peaks in the region;
Ai is the ratio of the intensities of the i-th conversion
peak and the "instrumental" peak;
Bi is the distance along X-axis between positions of
the i-th conversion peak and the "instrumental" peak; if
distances between some peaks are known with high
accuracy, then corresponding parameters Bi can be set
initially and they need not be changed during fitting;
F(X) describes "instrumental" peak in the table form;
C, D, E are the parameters describing constant,
linear, and quadratic background, correspondingly.
Parameters C, D, E are set initially, and they are
changing during fitting. Typically, in short spectrum
regions D=E=0. In some cases background can be
described by the dependence of the more complicated
form than quadratic parabola.
It is not always possible to measure the tabular line
at the same field as the spectrum section of interest.
Therefore, if conversion spectrum is measured at the
magnetic field corresponding to the NMR frequency f1,
and the line, which is used as the tabular one, is
measured at the frequency f2; then, according to the
known dependence of the line shape on the magnitude
of magnetic field, the section of spectrum is described
by the following expression:
2
1
21]/)([)(
EXDXC
dXdBFAXY
n
i
iiii
+++
+−++= ∑
=
α
(2)
where di is the distance from the coordinate origin to the
i-th peak position;
'
1
'
22121 )/()(/ ρρα BBff= defines transformation of
the "instrumental" peak in the spectrum. Here
'
1
'
2 )/()( ρρ BB is the ratio of the magnetic rigidity
derivatives with respect to energy.
Often the leading tail of the "instrumental" peak is
imposed by other peaks of the spectrum. In such a case,
to determine the tail of the "instrumental" peak, we
extrapolate it linearly or quadratically; the parameters of
extrapolation are also determined during common
fitting.
Initial approximate values of all the parameters,
along with their increments, are entered manually from
the keyboard. Final values are obtained as a result of χ2-
value minimization:
∑
=
−=
N
i i
ii YY
1
2
2
σ
χ , (3)
where Yi is the observed count rate in the i-th point;
σi is its uncertainty;
N is the number of points in the analyzed spectrum
region.
Standard deviations for Ai parameters are determined
by the formula:
2/12 )~( εkki AA =∆ , k = 1, 2, …, n, (4)
where ε2 = χ2/(N-m) is reduced χ2-value per 1 degree of
freedom;
N is the number of points in the analyzed spectrum
region;
m is the number of varying parameters;
n is the number of conversion peaks in analyzed
region;
kkA~ are the elements of inverse matrix in the
solution of the set of linear equations.
Since, in fact, we use the experimental peak as the
"instrumental" one, at a good quality of fit the ε2-value
is about 2.
Deviations of all the fitting parameters αi can also be
obtained using parabolic dependence χ2(αi) around
minimized value χ2
min. Other parameters are fixed and
they correspond to the optimized values. Standard
deviations ∆αi are determined using the relation:
1)( 2
min
2 +=∆± χααχ i
opt
i (5)
where αi
opt is the optimized value of αi parameter which
minimizes χ2-value.
68
2.3. ANALYSIS OF POSSIBLE ERRORS OF
MEASUREMENTS
Precision measurements require careful analyzing
and excluding all possible errors of the experiment. In
our method of measurements of conversion spectra the
scanning of spectra is carried out by the electrical field
at a constant magnitude of the magnetic field. The
scanning of the spectrum in a direct and return direction
allowed us to eliminate possible errors related to
relaxations of the magnetic field at a traditional way of
spectra recording N(B).
The voltage divider determining the energy of
electrons was collected from exact resistances that do
not allow the errors to be more than 0,5% per channel.
The resistances were selected in such a way that their
deviations from the real value were mutually
compensated.
Possible deviations due to the change of
temperature, pressure, humidity and other changes of
external conditions are averaged in the following way.
The results are determined from several measurements
of conversion spectra. Each measurement consists of the
large number of short series (∆t ≤ 1 hour), sometimes
reaching up to 100. Each set of measurements is
recorded in the computer, and then it is processed. The
measurements are compared with each other to reveal
whether the weight errors are compatible with the
statistical straggling errors. The large mismatches were
not observed. It indicates that external conditions have
insignificant influence on the results of the experiment.
We did not observed calibration errors that could not
be avoided by introduction of the appropriate
corrections at the determination of the relative position
of conversion lines.
The special attention was paid to the value of
uncontrollable systematic inaccuracy of measurements
at determination of the relative position of conversion
lines. To estimate its value, we carried out special
measurements, in which we have precisely determined
the relative positions of conversion lines L152 - L146 in
the decay of 183Ta; and after that we compared it to the
difference of energies of the corresponding γ-rays. The
fragment of internal conversion spectrum is given in
Fig. 1.
The absolute value of the energies of γ46 and γ52
have been measured earlier with high accuracy (about
0,2 eV) on the crystal-diffraction spectrometers [6]. In
the measurements of conversion spectra we achieved
such accuracy, that the corresponding statistical error in
definition of the relative positions of conversion lines
was small (about 0,25 eV). In this case the discrepancy
of differences of transition energies obtained in our
measurements and in the measurements with γ-rays
should be explained mainly by the systematic
inaccuracy of the experiment. This inaccuracy is 0,7 eV
at the relative distance between lines of 6111 eV. At
higher energy of conversion electrons and with
decreasing the distance between lines, the systematic
inaccuracy should be even less.
-4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 0 2000 3000 4000
0
4000
8000
12000
16000
20000
K103 L
2
52
L152
L
3
46
L
2
46
SHIFT, eV
L
1
46
K109
COUNTS
Fig. 1. The L-subshell conversion electron
spectrum of the γ46 and γ52 keV transitions in 183W
3. MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY OF
GAMMA-TRANSITIONS IN THE DECAY
OF 183,184,184mRE
The possibilities of our technique completely
revealed themselves in the precision energy
measurements of some transitions in the decay of
rhenium. The sources 183,184,184mRe were received on
cyclotron in reactions (d,n) and (d,2n) by means of
irradiating the wolfram foil with the natural contents of
isotopes by deuterons with energy 13,6 MeV. After
irradiation the Re-fraction was separated by the
radiochemical method, and it was electrodeposited on
platinum substrates of the size 0,4×20 mm2.
On high-resolution magnetic β-spectrometer the
separate sections of the internal conversion electron
spectrum were measured. These sections were selected
in such way that one of the lines belongs to the decay of
183Re, in which the energies of γ-rays are known with
high accuracy, while the other line corresponds to the
decay of 184,184mRe, for which such measurements have
not been performed. Energies of the transitions
belonging to the decay of 183Re have been measured
with high accuracy on the crystal-diffraction
spectrometer in the decay 183Та [6]. As the binding
energies of electrons in atom are known with high
accuracy (0,3…0,4 eV [7, 8]), exact value of the energy
difference for corresponding γ-rays, as well as absolute
magnitudes of these energies, can be determined using
the energy difference for conversion lines.
Gamma-ray energy is determined from the following
relation:
∆+−=− ijij EE εε , (6)
where Ej and Ei are the energies of the γ-ray under
consideration and the standard one;
εj and εi are their binding energies on corresponding
atomic shells;
∆ is the measured energy difference for conversion
lines.
69
Energies Ei of the standard γ-rays, energy differences ∆ for conversion lines,
and energies Ej of γ-rays under investigation
Energy of the
standard γ-ray
Ei, eV
Measured energy
difference for
conversion lines
∆
Values of energy
difference ∆, eV
Energy of the
studied γ-ray
Ej, eV
Location of γ-transitions
in the decay scheme
46485,01(20) ∆(M146 – L156) 486,2(6) 55279,0(8) 1501, keV, 7- → 446 keV, 6- 184W
52596,48(18) ∆(L263 – N152) 143,7(13) 63689,0(14) 1285, keV, 5- → 1221 keV, 3- 184W
99081,82(27) ∆(L299 – M383) 6598,4(8) 83306,7(8) 188, keV, 8+ → 104 keV, 4- 184Re
99081,82(27) ∆(K104 – K99) 3506,3(13) 104739,5(14) 104, keV, 4- → 0 keV, 3- 184Re
107933,7(3) ∆(K111 – K107) 3283,7(3) 111217,4(4) 111, keV, 2+ → 0 keV, 0+ 184W
107933,7(3) ∆(L2111 – L1107) 3839,3(10) 111217,2(11) 111, keV, 2+ → 0 keV, 0+ 184W
Note: statistical errors of measurements are listed
Corrections related to the energy of the recoil
nucleus are small for our γ-ray energy region, and hence
they can be neglected.
Energy values Ei of those γ-rays which were used as the
standard ones, energy difference ∆ of the measured
conversion lines, and obtained energies Ej of γ-rays
under study are listed in the table. As the standards we
used the values of transition energies that were
recommended in [1] as the third-order standards.
As seen from the table, the energy of the transition
111, keV, 2+ → 0 keV, 0+ 184W was determined by
measuring energy difference of two different pairs of
conversion lines. Results agree well within listed errors.
This is a direct confirmation of the conclusion that
systematic errors are small and do not exceed 1 eV
according to our estimations.
As an example, some other results of our precision
measurements can be given. Fragments of γ-spectrum
and spectrum of internal conversion electrons for the
same transitions from the decay of 181Hf that were
measured on the semiconductor and magnetic
spectrometer, correspondingly, are shown in Fig. 2 and
Fig. 3.
6750 6800 6850 6900 6950 7000 7050
0,0
5,0x104
1,0x105
1,5x105
2,0x105
2,5x105
γ 137
γ 133
γ 136
CHANNEL
x10
COUNTS
Fig. 2. The γ-ray spectrum of 181Hf measured by
using a 5 см3 HPGe-detector with resolution of 490 eV
FWHM at γ122 keV 57Со
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
K137
× 4
K133
K136
CHANNEL
COUNTS
Fig. 3. The conversion electron spectrum for 181Hf
measured by using an iron yoke double-focusing
magnetic β-spectrometer with a momentum resolution
of R1/2 = 0,04 %
Higher resolution of β-spectrometer allows us not
only to resolve studied transitions in the spectrum, but
also to determine their energy difference with the
accuracy about 0,3 eV [9].
4. CONCLUSIONS
The proposed technique allows one to reach
accuracy of determination of energy transitions from 0,2
up to 1 eV for the energy region from 100 keV up to
500 keV. That completely corresponds to the
requirements to the 4-th-order standards.
If we investigate transitions of weak intensity or in
the case when it is not possible to produce radioactive
sources of high specific activity, the proposed method
of transition energy determination is more preferable
that one which makes use of crystal-diffraction
spectrometers.
70
REFERENCES
1. B.S. Dzhelepov, S.A. Shestopalova.
Standards for nuclear spectroscopy. M.:
“Atomizdat”, 1980, 232 р. (in Russian).
2. R.G. Helmer, C. van der Leun.
Recommended standards for γ-ray energy
calibration (1999) // Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys.
Res. A. 1999, v. 422, p. 525-531.
3. R.G. Helmer, C. van der Leun.
Recommended standards for γ-ray energy
calibration (1999) // Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys.
Res. A. 2000, v. 450, p. 35-70.
4. V.V. Bulgakov, V.I. Gavrilyuk, A.P. Lashko
et al. High-resolution magnetic beta-spectrometer
of KINR: Preprint KINR 86-33, Kiev: KINR, 1986,
48 p. (in Russian).
5. A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko, A.A. Odinzov,
V.P. Khomenkov. The complex analysis of the
plutonium isotope composition from the accident
release of the 4-th unit of Chernobyl NPP //
Atomnaya Energiya. 2001, v. 91, №6, p. 443-448
(in Russian).
6. G.L. Borchert., W. Scheck., Q.W.B Schult.
Curved crystal spectrometer for precise energy
measurement of gamma-rays from 30 to 1500 keV
// Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. 1975, v. 124, p. 107-
117.
7. J.A Bearden. X-ray wavelengths // Rew. Mod.
Phys. 1967, v. 39, №1, p. 78-124.
8. J.A Bearden, A.F. Burr. Reevaluation of X-
ray atomic energy levels // Rew. Mod. Phys. 1967,
v. 39, №1, p. 125-142.
9. A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko. About hyperfine
structure of conversion lines // Scientific Papers of
the Institute for Nuclear Research. 2003, №2(10),
p. 46-52 (in Russian).
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ НОРМАЛЕЙ
МЕТОДАМИ ПРЕЦИЗИОННОЙ БЕТА-СПЕКТРОСКОПИИ
В.Т. Купряшкин, А.П. Лашко, Т.Н. Лашко, А.И. Феоктистов, В.П. Хоменков
Разработана методика, позволяющая с высокой точностью определять энергии переходов в атомных
ядрах. Методика основана на измерении разности энергии линий электронов внутренней конверсии на β-
спектрометре высокого разрешения типа 2π с железным ярмом и радиусом равновесной орбиты ρ = 50 см
при постоянном магнитном поле спектрометра. Точность определения энергии переходов достигает от 0,2
до 1 эВ для области энергии от 100 до 500 кэВ, что полностью соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к
энергетическим нормалям 4-го порядка.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ НОРМАЛЕЙ
МЕТОДАМИ ПРЕЦИЗІЙНОЇ БЕТА-СПЕКТРОСКОПІЇ
В.Т. Купряшкін, А.П. Лашко, Т.М. Лашко, О.І. Феоктістов, В.П. Хоменков
Розроблено методику, яка дозволяє з високою точністю визначати енергії переходів в атомних ядрах.
Методика основана на вимірах енергії електронів внутрішньої конверсії на β-спектрометрі високої
роздільної здатності типу 2π з залізним ярмом і радіусом рівноважної орбіти ρ = 50 см при постійному
магнітному полі спектрометра. Точність визначення енергії переходів сягає від 0,2 до 1 еВ для області
енергії від 100 до 500 кеВ, що повністю відповідає вимогам до енергетичних нормалей 4-го порядку.
71
Institute for Nuclear Research, Kiev, Ukraine
PACS: 23.20.Lv, 23.20.Nx, 29.30.-h
REFERENCES
В.Т. Купряшкин, А.П. Лашко, Т.Н. Лашко, А.И. Феоктистов, В.П. Хоменков
В.Т. Купряшкін, А.П. Лашко, Т.М. Лашко, О.І. Феоктістов, В.П. Хоменков
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-80521 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:31:23Z |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Kupryashkin, V.T. Lashko, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Feoktistov, A.I. Khomenkov, V.P. 2015-04-18T17:46:39Z 2015-04-18T17:46:39Z 2004 Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods / V.T. Kupryashkin, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Lashko, A.I. Feoktistov, V.P. Khomenkov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2004. — № 5. — С. 67-71. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 23.20.Lv, 23.20.Nx, 29.30.-h https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80521 The technique allowing one to determine energy of transitions in atomic nuclei with high accuracy is developed.
 It is based on measurement of a difference of energy of internal conversion electron lines on high-resolution β-
 spectrometer π SQRT(2) with iron yoke and radius of an equilibrium orbit r = 50 cm at a constant magnetic spectrometer
 field. The accuracy of definition of γ-ray energies reaches from 0,2 up to 1 eV in the energy region from 100 up to
 500 keV. That completely corresponds to the requirements to energy standards of 4-th order. Розроблено методику, яка дозволяє з високою точністю визначати енергії переходів в атомних ядрах.
 Методика основана на вимірах енергії електронів внутрішньої конверсії на β-спектрометрі високої
 роздільної здатності типу π SQRT(2) з залізним ярмом і радіусом рівноважної орбіти ρ = 50 см при постійному
 магнітному полі спектрометра. Точність визначення енергії переходів сягає від 0,2 до 1 еВ для області
 енергії від 100 до 500 кеВ, що повністю відповідає вимогам до енергетичних нормалей 4-го порядку. Разработана методика, позволяющая с высокой точностью определять энергии переходов в атомных
 ядрах. Методика основана на измерении разности энергии линий электронов внутренней конверсии на β-
 спектрометре высокого разрешения типа π SQRT(2) с железным ярмом и радиусом равновесной орбиты ρ = 50 см
 при постоянном магнитном поле спектрометра. Точность определения энергии переходов достигает от 0,2
 до 1 эВ для области энергии от 100 до 500 кэВ, что полностью соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к
 энергетическим нормалям 4-го порядка. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Экспериментальные методы и обработка данных Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods Визначення енергетичних нормалей методами прецизійної бета-спектроскопії Определение энергетических нормалей методами прецизионной бета-спектроскопии Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods Kupryashkin, V.T. Lashko, A.P. Lashko, T.N. Feoktistov, A.I. Khomenkov, V.P. Экспериментальные методы и обработка данных |
| title | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| title_alt | Визначення енергетичних нормалей методами прецизійної бета-спектроскопії Определение энергетических нормалей методами прецизионной бета-спектроскопии |
| title_full | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| title_fullStr | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| title_short | Determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| title_sort | determination of the energy standards by precision beta-spectroscopy methods |
| topic | Экспериментальные методы и обработка данных |
| topic_facet | Экспериментальные методы и обработка данных |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/80521 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kupryashkinvt determinationoftheenergystandardsbyprecisionbetaspectroscopymethods AT lashkoap determinationoftheenergystandardsbyprecisionbetaspectroscopymethods AT lashkotn determinationoftheenergystandardsbyprecisionbetaspectroscopymethods AT feoktistovai determinationoftheenergystandardsbyprecisionbetaspectroscopymethods AT khomenkovvp determinationoftheenergystandardsbyprecisionbetaspectroscopymethods AT kupryashkinvt viznačennâenergetičnihnormaleimetodamiprecizíinoíbetaspektroskopíí AT lashkoap viznačennâenergetičnihnormaleimetodamiprecizíinoíbetaspektroskopíí AT lashkotn viznačennâenergetičnihnormaleimetodamiprecizíinoíbetaspektroskopíí AT feoktistovai viznačennâenergetičnihnormaleimetodamiprecizíinoíbetaspektroskopíí AT khomenkovvp viznačennâenergetičnihnormaleimetodamiprecizíinoíbetaspektroskopíí AT kupryashkinvt opredelenieénergetičeskihnormaleimetodamiprecizionnoibetaspektroskopii AT lashkoap opredelenieénergetičeskihnormaleimetodamiprecizionnoibetaspektroskopii AT lashkotn opredelenieénergetičeskihnormaleimetodamiprecizionnoibetaspektroskopii AT feoktistovai opredelenieénergetičeskihnormaleimetodamiprecizionnoibetaspektroskopii AT khomenkovvp opredelenieénergetičeskihnormaleimetodamiprecizionnoibetaspektroskopii |