Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator
Development of relativistic high-frequency electronics posed a number of problems yet remained unsolved. One of them is creating powerful and comparatively compact generators of electromagnetic radiation. In this way great progress is achieved with the use of small accelerators generating millimeter...
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| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Date: | 1999 |
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
1999
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| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81139 |
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| Cite this: | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator / V.A. Cherepenin, A.V. Korzhenevsky, V.A. Vdovin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 18-19. — Бібліогр.: 2 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860268830450778112 |
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| author | Cherepenin, V.A. Korzhenevsky, A.V. Vdovin, V.A. |
| author_facet | Cherepenin, V.A. Korzhenevsky, A.V. Vdovin, V.A. |
| citation_txt | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator / V.A. Cherepenin, A.V. Korzhenevsky, V.A. Vdovin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 18-19. — Бібліогр.: 2 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | Development of relativistic high-frequency electronics posed a number of problems yet remained unsolved. One of them is creating powerful and comparatively compact generators of electromagnetic radiation. In this way great progress is achieved with the use of small accelerators generating millimeter-band oscillations of power up to 40 MW.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:04:24Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
COMPACT LOW-IMPEDANCE HIGH-CURRENT ACCELERATOR
V.A. Cherepenin, A.V. Korzhenevsky, V.A. Vdovin
Institute of Radio-Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Development of relativistic high-frequency
electronics posed a number of problems yet remained
unsolved. One of them is creating powerful and
comparatively compact generators of electromagnetic
radiation. In this way great progress is achieved with the
use of small accelerators [1] generating millimeter-band
oscillations of power up to 40 MW. However, these
systems, as with many other devices containing high-
current accelerators, have the proper microwave
generator sizes significantly smaller than other units
composing the high-current accelerator. Therefore,
generators of power from 108 to 1010 W should be very
awkward. One of the ways to overcome the problem is
to employ schemes including a high-current low-
impedance accelerator and a microwave generator with
the spatially developed electrodynamic structure [2].
Note, that such studies are also promising for
applications, since high-current electron beams at
moderate voltages are produced there in the simplest
way.
A diagram of the developed setup is shown in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Diagram of the experimental setup: control unit
(1), circular diode with magnetic insulation (2),
electrodynamic structures (3), superconducting
solenoid (4), double shaping line (5), multichannel
discharger (6), high-voltage rectifier (7), high-voltage
transformer (8), thyristor inverter (9), supply
rectifier (10), and output beam control unit (11).
The compact low-impedance accelerator
consists of an intermediate storage unit (strip shaping
line with a mylar insulator), line commutator (10-
channel gas discharger), cathode unit, beam transport
channel, collector, and output horn with a window
transparent for microwaves. A magnetic field for the
diode with magnetic insulation is induced by a
superconducting solenoid with inductance of 40 kG,
length about 50 cm, and inner diameter of 20 cm. The
accelerator high-voltage system including the shaping
line, a rectifier for its charging, and a commutator are
placed into a case filled with castor oil. A control unit
furnishes functioning and interaction of all the setup
systems and units, as well as measures the most
important parameters including the output radiation.
The thyristor unit of the charging device and the power
rectifier transform the three-phase supply voltage into a
more high-frequency one that is used to feed the line
which is charged up to about 200 kV via a high-voltage
transformer. After charging, the control unit turns on the
multichannel discharger and the line forms an
accelerating voltage pulse of duration about 10-8 s at the
diode.
Let us consider the operation of the most
important components in more detail. The voltage pulse
is formed by the strip storage line with solid insulation
and high specific characteristics. The high-current diode
and line impedances are approximately the same, Fig. 2,
Ω≅= 2111 IUρ .
Fig. 2. Photography of cathode unit.
The strip line has a film insulation and an
operating field of about 100 kV/mm. Since the
linewidth is limited, two lines connected in parallel are
used. The Blumeline circuit used to furnish an output
voltage equal to the charging one thus presents the
system of four parallel-series strip lines in a single
stack. As an insulator, we chose mylar with ε= 3.2 and a
breakdown field of about 150 kV/mm. The insulation is
formed by 20 layers 0.09 mm thick. The static
breakdown voltage for the line is not lower than
230 kV. To prevent external shorts and partial
discharges, the line is immersed into oil. The linewidth
is 1377 ρεδ=d = 19 cm (δ is the insulation
thickness), the linelength l is controlled by the shaped
pulse duration clp ετ 2= , where с is the speed of
light; thus l = 1.3m at 15≅pτ ns.
One sees from Figure 1 that the high-voltage
pulse is shaped by the diode after closing the
commutator. Very strong requirements are imposed
upon the latter: the commuted current is about 100 kA,
voltage 200 kV, triggering time about 1 ns, resistance
below 1 Ω in the open state, and inductance below
1 nH. These requirements can be satisfied only by using
a multichannel controlled high-pressure gas discharger
and special additional forcing of channel triggers.
To commute the two long strip lines connected
in parallel, we developed a special plane 10-channel
discharger with two working volumes. The discharge is
ignited by combining three techniques: the trigatron
method, field distortion, and pulsed UV illumination
ones. The choice of the number of channels is controlled
by the discharger inductance and the electrode erosion
limit per a single discharge to maintain multiple
actuations (frequency mode) with no noticeable drift of
parameters. The latter condition limits the electric
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 1999. №3.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (34), с. 18-20.
18
discharge passing through the channel per pulse by a
value of (1÷8)10-4C.
To decrease the channel inductance and in-
crease the triggering speed, the discharger was insulated
by nitrogen at an operating pressure of 18 atm. The
discharger interelectrode spacing was 6 mm. The
independent shaping circuits of trigger pulses for every
channel could actuate simultaneously all the ten
channels. The multichannel discharger operation was
provided by fitting a pressure, at which the line charging
voltage is 90% of the discharger self-breakdown
voltage.
The rectifier unit of the high-voltage system
charges the line by a sequence of low-power pulses,
having no need to demagnetize the transformer core and
to use special thyristors. As the high-voltage valves,
SDL-04-1300 columns are used with an operating
voltage of 130 kV in series by pairs in the doubler
circuit. As a charging pulse source of the primary
circuit, a series of two-phase inverter with thyristors of
intermediate power is fed immediately by the supply
Larionov's rectifier. The line is charged by 50 bipolar
pulses. The same pulse sequence charges storage units
of the discharger multichannel trigger circuit. The
pulsed toroidal transformer has a steel core and is
immersed into oil together with other high-voltage
components.
Tests of the multipulse charging circuit show
its significant advantages over the single-pulse one. The
charging unit operative load is substantially reduced and
its control is simplified. The process is optimized by
charging pulses' duration, number, and repetition rate.
Passive components' parameters of the charging circuit
are fitted to the thyristors' operation in the optimum
charging mode, when these are reliably blocked with the
shortest protection interval between pulses.
Fig. 3 displays the oscillograms of charging
pulses fed to the transformer primary winding and of the
voltage at charged and commuted line ( pt is the
discharger actuation time).
Fig. 3. Oscillograms of charging pulses at the
transformer primary winding (a) and the shaping line
(b).
Currently, the accelerator produces a required
tabular electron beam 130-150 mm dia at voltage of 200
kV and current up to 20 kA. The later can be increased
up to 100 kA. As a coherent radiation source, a
multiwave millimeter-band Cherenkov oscillator is
developed. The high-current accelerator with the
microwave oscillator represents a cylinder about 40 cm
dia and 1.5 m long. Photography of this accelerator is
shown on Fig. 4. Its weight is approximately 200 kg, the
total setup weight including the solenoid does not
exceed 500 kg. The setup operates at the repetition rate
from 1 to 100 Hz.
Experiments carried out up to now show the
accelerator to produce powerful coherent radiation in
the millimeter band. Microwave generators used in the
setup have some properties to be discussed elsewhere.
Fig. 4. Photography of compact accelerator with
superconducting solenoid.
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 1999. №3.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (34), с. 18-20.
18
REFERENCES
1. Eichaninov A.S., Korovin S.D., et al. Dokl. Akad.
Nauk SSSR 1984, 279 (3), 624 (Sov. Phys.-Dokl.)
(in Russian).
2. Bugaev S.P., Kanavets V.I, et al. Relativistic
Multiwave Microwave Generators. Novosibirsk:
Nauka, 1991 (in Russian).
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 1999. №3.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования (34), с. 18-20.
18
REFERENCES
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| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-81139 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:04:24Z |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Cherepenin, V.A. Korzhenevsky, A.V. Vdovin, V.A. 2015-05-11T17:38:44Z 2015-05-11T17:38:44Z 1999 Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator / V.A. Cherepenin, A.V. Korzhenevsky, V.A. Vdovin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 18-19. — Бібліогр.: 2 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81139 Development of relativistic high-frequency electronics posed a number of problems yet remained unsolved. One of them is creating powerful and comparatively compact generators of electromagnetic radiation. In this way great progress is achieved with the use of small accelerators generating millimeter-band oscillations of power up to 40 MW. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator Kомпактный низкоимпедансный сильноточный ускоритель Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator Cherepenin, V.A. Korzhenevsky, A.V. Vdovin, V.A. |
| title | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| title_alt | Kомпактный низкоимпедансный сильноточный ускоритель |
| title_full | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| title_fullStr | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| title_short | Compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| title_sort | compact low-impedance higt-current accelerator |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81139 |
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