Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation
Saved in:
| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Date: | 1999 |
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
1999
|
| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81349 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation / I.N. Vishnevsky, Yu.I. Totsky, E.N. Mozhzhukin, L.P. Katsubo, A.V. Rusavsky, F.G. Garashchenko, I.I. Kharchenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 97-98. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859545340372320256 |
|---|---|
| author | Vishnevsky, I.N. Totsky, Yu.I. Mozhzhukin, E.N. Katsubo, L.P. Rusavsky, A.V. Garashchenko, F.G. Kharchenko, I.I. |
| author_facet | Vishnevsky, I.N. Totsky, Yu.I. Mozhzhukin, E.N. Katsubo, L.P. Rusavsky, A.V. Garashchenko, F.G. Kharchenko, I.I. |
| citation_txt | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation / I.N. Vishnevsky, Yu.I. Totsky, E.N. Mozhzhukin, L.P. Katsubo, A.V. Rusavsky, F.G. Garashchenko, I.I. Kharchenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 97-98. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-26T01:42:31Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
OBTAINING THE RADIONUCLIDES FOR MEDICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE TANDEM GENERATOR
I.N. Vishnevsky, Yu.I. Totsky, E.N. Mozhzhukhin, L.P. Katsubo and A.V. Rusavsky;
F.G. Garashchenko*, I.I. Kharchenko*,
Inctitute for Nuclear Research, Kiev, Ukraine, *National University, Kiev, Ukraine
The tandem electrostatic accelerators are widely
used in science, industry, education, medicine and other
fields of activities for successful development of the
scientific research and modern applications. This
accelerator requires a small electrical power
consumption which is very important at the present in
view of energy saving tendency.
Physical experiments and applied works need the
acceleration of a wide set of ions, including radioactive.
Accelerated radioactive nuclei are often neutron excess
nuclei and the nuclear reaction with beam allow us to
get isotopes, which are rather to make by other methods.
Restrictions and complications of the acceleration of
radioactive nuclides are connected with problems of
radioactive contamination of the facility and
surroundings. Such kind of work was carried out in
several laboratories as Dsresbury, Munich, Brookhaven,
and Strasbourg. The acceleration of the triton with 7-10
MeV is of particular interest for science and applied
purposes which can be realized at 5 MV tandem at Kiev
Institute for Nuclear Research (KINR) [1,2] where also
the tritium laboratory has been operating successfully.
The acceleration of tritons is very important for
production of radioisotopes KKMg 434228 and , ,
which are of great interest for tracer experiments on
biological systems. Both isotopes are produced by (t, p)
reaction having a large cross section at the energy of e
7-10 MeV tritons. This is more effective than the double
neutron capture in the nuclear reactor. The main
characteristics of these isotopes are described below:
1 28 20 9 28 2 2 28. ( , ) (, , stable )26 h minMg t p Mg Al Si → →
The target material is enriched with 26Mg metal
and the yield of this reaction is about 100 µCi/µA h for
a 10 mg/cm2 target thickness. The beam current is
usually 5-10 µA for several hours. The 28Mg isotope is
widely used in investigations of biochemical processes
in human’s organism.
2 43 22 43. ( , ) (stable )41 hK t p K Ca → .
The yield of this reaction ∼70 µCi/µA h from
enriched 41K target of a~5 mg/cm2 thickness of KCl
form.
3. The 42K isotope is not directly produced, but
it can be extracted from a 42 42Ar K→ generator.
40 42 33 42 12 42Ar t p Ar K Cay( , ) → → h (stable )
The 42Ar is produced under high pressure (2
bar) with the 40Ar - gas target sealed by a 5 µm thick
molybdenum foil. An electrostatic extraction can de
used for obtaining of the ~10 µCi pure 42K every 24
hours for several years independently at any places. The
42 42Al K→ - minigenerator is extremely convenient and
useful in a wide range of biological research especially
in medicine and agriculture. The 42K minigenerator is
also very useful for the education experiments as a
suitable isotope with short half-life and low activity.
Biological exchange in the nature, especially
Kalium and its combinations during plant growth, are
studied by the 42 42Al K→ minigenerator. The
significance of various of some agricultural plants in
areas of world can be determined on the base of these
experiments. It is important to rise the agricultural
productivity in drought regions. Similar to these
experments a biological research was made in the study
of human’s organism, where the Na-K exchange has an
important role (membrane exchange). By using the 42K
isotope one can control the salt presence in organism
and its assimilation, so it is very important, for example,
to hypertonia illness.
4 72 46 5 72 14 72. ( , ) (, stable )70 h hZn t p Zn Ga Ge → →
The yield of this reaction is~1µCi/µA h from the
enriched to 45% 70Zn target of a ~1mg/cm2 thickness.
Above mentioned isotopes were produced at the
tandem accelerator using the triton ion beam from the
negative ion source.
The injector of negative tritium ions consists of a
sputter type source (Fig.1), and a Wien velocity filter
and a focusing transport system. The application of the
sputter source permits to obtain the sufficient current of
beam with low consumption of target material and is
well suited to the production of radioactive beams. The
sputter material in this type of sources stays in solid
form, that is important for increasing the safety of the
acceleration of radioactive ions.
For obtaining tritium ions constructed was the
sputter target consisting of a copper substructure with a
zirconium (or titanium) layer on which 50 Ci (20 cm3)
absorbed tritium gas is used. The sputter target was
shaped as a cone having 5 mm in diameter and 5 mm
height. The positive cesium ions are extracted from the
tungsten ionizrer heater surface (3) and hit the cathode
(5). The atomic cesium beam is obtained by heating the
solid pellets in the cesium boiler (2). The source is
connected with the accelerator by a tube of a small
diameter (30 mm) which restricts the flow of tritium gas
from the source in the accelerator and the main vacuum
system.
The accelerator vacuum system with tritium
handling system is shown in Fig. 2. The basic effort for
utilization of tritium is carried out by a high vacuum
sorption pump located directly near the source. This
pump is assembled together with the source and is
removed in vacuum state for cleaning and repairing.
ВОПРОСЫ АТОМНОЙ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ. 1999. №3.
Серия: Ядерно-физические исследования. (34), с. 97-98.
97
The main accelerator vacuum system is
composed of two 1000 l/s ion pumps and two 1500 l/s
turbomolecular pumps located at both ends of the tank.
The high vacuum is achieved by these pumps before the
ion source and sorption pump start in operation. The
pumping is realized through the buffer tank (4 m3),
which is supplied by tritium clean-up system with the
palladium oxidant and serpent. The gas from accelerator
after purifying is exhausted outside of the building at a
high level.
The vacuum condition and efficiency of the work
of sputter source will be examined with the saturated
deuterium cathodes of the same form.
It is very important to carry out the monitoring of
radioactive surfaces in injector, accelerator,
experimental halls and exhausting gas in order to check
constantly their contamination [2]. The careful design of
the tritium handling system and monitoring provide
safety work with triton.
The new method of the beam dynamic modeling
in electrostatic accelerator is carried out. It is based on
the method of the practical stability and on numerical
simulation of equations of moving. Discrete-continuous
equation system is used for calculation of trajectories of
charged particles. The elaboration of new software can
be used in electrostatic accelerator design. The analysis
of such problems of optimum designing the various
accelerating and focusing systems lead to new
mathematical statement in the area stability and
optimization. On the basis of a stated and proved
general theorem the optimum estimations for analysis of
various dynamic systems of practical stability are
developed. The criteria have practical orientation. They
are easy algorithmic and simulated in a computer. To
calculate the practical stability area being maximum by
volume, the conception of stability in the direction was
introduced.
The tritium beam can be also used for other
useful radioisotopes.
Also, since the tritium beam in not yet much
exploited, many new original works could be performed
in KINR with this beam in future.
REFERENCES
[1] I.N. Vishnevsky, Yu.I. Totsky, E.N. Mozhzhukhin et
al., // Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A328 (1993) p. 39-40.
[2] H. Wegnann, E. Huenges, H. Muthig and
H. Morinaga, // Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 179 (1981) p.
217-222.
[3] Yu.I. Totsky, L.P. Katsubo, F.G. Garashchenco,
I.I.Kharchenko, VANT, 2,3(29,30), v.1, 1997 p. 99-101.
98
REFERENCES
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-81349 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-26T01:42:31Z |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Vishnevsky, I.N. Totsky, Yu.I. Mozhzhukin, E.N. Katsubo, L.P. Rusavsky, A.V. Garashchenko, F.G. Kharchenko, I.I. 2015-05-14T19:57:27Z 2015-05-14T19:57:27Z 1999 Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation / I.N. Vishnevsky, Yu.I. Totsky, E.N. Mozhzhukin, L.P. Katsubo, A.V. Rusavsky, F.G. Garashchenko, I.I. Kharchenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 1999. — № 3. — С. 97-98. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81349 en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation Получение радионуклидов для медицинских и биологических исследований на тандем-генераторе Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation Vishnevsky, I.N. Totsky, Yu.I. Mozhzhukin, E.N. Katsubo, L.P. Rusavsky, A.V. Garashchenko, F.G. Kharchenko, I.I. |
| title | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| title_alt | Получение радионуклидов для медицинских и биологических исследований на тандем-генераторе |
| title_full | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| title_fullStr | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| title_short | Obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| title_sort | obtaining the radionuclides for medical and biological investigations at the tandem generation |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81349 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vishnevskyin obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT totskyyui obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT mozhzhukinen obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT katsubolp obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT rusavskyav obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT garashchenkofg obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT kharchenkoii obtainingtheradionuclidesformedicalandbiologicalinvestigationsatthetandemgeneration AT vishnevskyin polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT totskyyui polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT mozhzhukinen polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT katsubolp polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT rusavskyav polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT garashchenkofg polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore AT kharchenkoii polučenieradionuklidovdlâmedicinskihibiologičeskihissledovaniinatandemgeneratore |