Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen

This proceeding presents results of investigations of an influence of dissociative excitation and cascading processes on precision of oxygen dissociation degree measurement in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge by means of actinometry based on emission of O (844.6 nm) and Ar (750.4 nm) w...

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Published in:Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Date:2014
Main Authors: Lavrookevich, Yu.V., Matsevich, S.V., Bazhenov, V.Yu., Tsiolko, V.V.
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Language:English
Published: Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України 2014
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Online Access:https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81966
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Cite this:Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen / Yu.V. Lavrookevich, S.V. Matsevich, V.Yu. Bazhenov, V.V. Tsiolko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 258-261. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Lavrookevich, Yu.V.
Matsevich, S.V.
Bazhenov, V.Yu.
Tsiolko, V.V.
author_facet Lavrookevich, Yu.V.
Matsevich, S.V.
Bazhenov, V.Yu.
Tsiolko, V.V.
citation_txt Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen / Yu.V. Lavrookevich, S.V. Matsevich, V.Yu. Bazhenov, V.V. Tsiolko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 258-261. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Вопросы атомной науки и техники
description This proceeding presents results of investigations of an influence of dissociative excitation and cascading processes on precision of oxygen dissociation degree measurement in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge by means of actinometry based on emission of O (844.6 nm) and Ar (750.4 nm) with the use of different model and calculated shapes of electron energy distribution function. Представлены результаты исследования влияния процессов диссоциативного возбуждения и каскадирования при различных формах модельных и расчетных функций распределений электронов по энергиям на точность определения степени диссоциации кислорода в плазме отрицательного свечения разряда низкого давления методом актинометрии с использованием излучения линий О (844,6 нм) и Ar (750,4 нм). Представлено результати досліджень впливу процесів дисоціативного збудження та каскадування при різних формах модельних та розрахункових функцій розподілу електронів за енергіями на точність визначення дисоціації кисню в плазмі негативного світіння розряду низького тиску методом актинометрії з використанням випромінювання ліній О (844,6 нм) та Ar (750,4 нм).
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fulltext ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94) 258 PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2014, №6. Series: Plasma Physics (20), p. 258-261. PECULIARITIES OF ATOMIC OXYGEN CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT BY MEANS OF ACTINOMETRY IN NEGATIVE GLOW PLASMA OF LOW PRESSURE DISCHARGE IN OXYGEN Yu.V. Lavrookevich, S.V. Matsevich, V.Yu. Bazhenov, V.V. Tsiolko Institute of Physics NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine E-mail: digit@meta.ua This proceeding presents results of investigations of an influence of dissociative excitation and cascading processes on precision of oxygen dissociation degree measurement in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge by means of actinometry based on emission of O (844.6 nm) and Ar (750.4 nm) with the use of different model and calculated shapes of electron energy distribution function. PACS: 52.80.-s, 52.25.Ya INTRODUCTION Recently oxygen plasma is widely used in different technological processes [1, 2]. For such plasma it is important to know atomic oxygen concentration [O], since namely this species plays dominant role in many practical applications. The most widely used method of [O] measurement is actinometry [3] which is simpler in the use and does not require expensive equipment in comparison with other plasma optical diagnostics methods, such as LIF or TALIF. The essence of actinometry is adding of small amount of pre- determined gas-actinometer (rare gases are the most often used ones) to working gas (oxygen in our case), and determining ratio of their concentrations using ratio of emission intensities of certain spectrum lines of actinometer gas and the component of interest for us. In case of [O] measurement, the most popular is the use of argon emission line with wavelength = 750.4 nm (2р1 1s2 transition) and oxygen line with = 844.6 nm (3р 3 Р 3s 3 S transition). Rate of populating the levels by electron hits is df m e K thEe )()( 2 , where Eth is threshold energy of the process, σ(ε) is the process cross section, f(ε) is electron energy distribution function (EEDF) with normalizing condition 1)( 0 df . Thus we see that the precision of [O] measurements by actinometry method is defined by proper selections of both excitation cross sections of the processes, and the EEDF shape. Populating Ar level (2p1) can be done both by the only direct electron hits with cross section e dir (Ar, 2p1), and by combined action of electron hits and cascading processes from upper levels with apparent cross section e app (Ar, 2p1). In case of populating the level O(3р 3 Р) the situation is somewhat more complex. Excitation of this state can be performed both by direct electron hit excitation of oxygen atoms (cross section e dir (O, 3р 3 Р)), and due to dissociative excitation with cross section de dir (O, 3р 3 Р). Similarly to excitation of Ar atoms, taking into account cascading processes results in the increase of excitation cross section values for O(3р 3 Р) state up to e app (O, 3р 3 Р) and de app (O, 3р 3 Р), respectively. In case of positive column of direct current discharges and plasma of low pressure high-frequency capacitive discharges, the EEDF “tail”, as compared to Maxwellian distribution, is depleted by fast electrons (such EEDF in many cases can be expressed as f( ) ~ exp(-k /Te), where k 1.2–1.4). In this case main role in populating the levels is performed by direct excitation by electrons with energy of about the excitation threshold. Cascading processes of the populating from upper levels play minor role since their excitation threshold values are in a range where electron quantity is essentially less. The same considerations essentially regard contribution of the cascading at dissociative excitation of O(3р 3 Р) level. The situation becomes considerably more complex in case of negative glow plasma (and in some cases plasma of low pressure inductively coupled discharges). EEDF in the plasmas of such discharges differs by the presence of high-energy EEDF “tail” with mean electron energy being several times higher than mean energy of major portion of the electrons. In this case processes of dissociative excitation and cascading can play considerably more significant role in populating O and Ar levels under study. In Fig. 1 one can clearly see such difference in the excitation processes of O and Ar levels at different EEDF shapes. Model bi-Maxwellian EEDF with different values of high-energy electron temperature T2 were built following from the results of experimental measurements of plasma parameters of the hollow cathode discharge, and calculated EEDF was obtained using 0-D model of such discharge [4]. From this figure one can clearly see that, for correct determining of [O] in the plasmas of discharges with enhanced (relatively to Maxwellian distribution) content of high-energy electrons in EEDF, one should take into consideration all excitation processes for O and Ar levels used in the actinometry. Purpose of our work was an investigation of the influence of populating O(3р 3 Р) and Ar(2р1) levels by dissociative excitation and cascading processes on the precision of O2 dissociation degree measurement in ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94) 259 negative glow plasma with different used model and calculated EEDF. 0 10 20 30 40 50 1E-6 1E-4 0,01 1 1E-19 1E-18 1E-17 Energy , eV e dir (Ar, 2p 1 ) e dir (O, 3p 3 ) e dir (O, 3p 3 ) C ro s s s e c ti o n i, c m 2 E E D F f ( ), e V -3 /2 Fig. 1. Model bi-Maxwellian EEDF f(ε): - - T2 = 2.9 eV; - - T2 = 2.1 eV; calculated EEDF with T2 ≈ 14 eV [4]; calculated EEDF of positive column (PC) plasma in low pressure discharge [5] Direct excitation cross sections of Ar(2p1) and O(3p 3 P) states 1. METHODS AND TECHNIQUES Ratio of emission intensities IAr(2p1) and IO(3P) of spectrum lines Ar(2р1) and O(3р 3 Р) enables determining relative concentration of atomic oxygen [5]: P e P de pAr POp P K K I I C O O 3 3 )12( )3(12 3 2 ][ ][ , (1) where ] 2 [ 1212 ] 2 [ 33 3 12 3 12 844 750 ] 2 [ ][12 3 O q p q K j p ij A O q P q K j P ij A P e k p e k P A p A h h O Arp P C ,(2) and Ke, Kde are rates of populating by direct electron hits and dissociative populating, respectively; hνij is energy of actinometry line emission quantum; Aij is Einstein coefficient for respective transition; KQ is rate of collisional quenching of excited states. An analysis of existing up to now literature on the cross section values was accomplished, and selection of actual and recommended excitation cross sections of Ar(2р1) and O(3p 3 P) levels was done which are presented in Fig. 2 [6-10]. Apparent cross section of dissociative excitation of O(3p 3 P) level by electron hit was taken from [7]. Direct cross section of dissociative excitation of O(3p 3 P) level by electron hit was estimated by subtracting the cross sections of upper state from apparent cross section value at 100 eV energy using the method described and applied for O(3p 5 P) level in mentioned work. 10 20 30 40 50 1E-19 1E-18 1E-17 C ro ss s ec tio n i, c m 2 Energy , eV Fig. 2. Excitation cross sections: -○- e (Ar 2p1), -□- e (O, 3р 3 Р),- ∆- de (O, 3р 3 Р). Open points – direct cross section, close points – apparent one Direct and apparent cross sections of excitation by electron hits for Ar(2p1) level were taken from [8]. Contribution of cascading to Ar(2p1) level population is minimum one, as compared to the other Ar(2pх) levels, that is why it is most often used in OES methods. Direct cross section of O(3p 3 P) excitation by electron hit of oxygen atom was taken from [9]. Apparent cross section of excitation of this level was obtained by summing its direct excitation cross sections and direct electron hit excitation cross sections of upper levels using approach described in [7]. The quenching rates Kq 2p1 and Kq 3P were taken from [5]. Model EEDF used in the calculations were created on a basis of experimental EEDF in energy range 0…12 eV [4]. As it has been shown there, EEDF of hollow cathode discharge plasma has bi-Maxwellian behavior, at that temperature of “hot” ( 2 eV) electrons T2 significantly exceeds that of “cold” electrons T1. At 4 Pa T2 temperature increases towards the chamber center from 2.3 eV up to 3.0 eV, and, on the contrary, at 12 Pa decreases towards the center from 2.1 eV down to 1.7 eV. Since it is difficult to obtain the data on T2 at energy 12 eV by probe technique, model EEDF were obtained by approximation of high-energy “tails” of experimental EEDF for T2 temperature up to 50 eV energy. Calculated EEDF for both pressure values had similar profiles, and temperature of electrons with energies higher than excitation thresholds of used argon and atomic oxygen levels T2 14 eV. 2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS From Fig.3 one can see, that ratios of rates Ke 2p1 /Ke 3P and Kde 3P /Ke 3P grow up monotonously with Т2 temperature increase at the use of both direct and apparent cross section. It should be also noted that, due to the difference in absolute values of cross sections, the growth of Ke 2p1 /Ke 3P ratio does not exceed (1.5…2), whereas Kde 3P /Ke 3P increases by about 10 times. At that, use of apparent cross section decreases these ratios by about 1.5…2 times in the whole range of T2 variations. (Smaller values of these ratios in case of use of apparent cross sections is due to fact that e app (O, 260 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94) 3р 3 Р) is (2…3) times larger than e dir (O, 3р 3 Р) practically in the whole range of energy , whereas the difference between e dir (Ar, 2p1) and e app (Ar 2p1), as well as de dir (O, 3р 3 Р) and de app (O, 3р 3 Р), is practically absent). 1 10 0,01 0,1 T2, eV R at io K de 3P /K e 3P , K e 2p 1 /K e 3P Fig. 3. Dependencies of ratios Ke 2p1 /Ke 3P (-□-) and Kde 3P /Ke 3 (-○-) on temperature T2 at the use of direct (open points) and apparent (close points) cross sections In calculations of dissociation degree [O]/[O2] the dependencies of intensity ratio IO(3P)/IAr(2p1) experimentally measured in [4] were used (Fig. 4). One can see that at working gas pressure P = 4 Pa ratio of spectrum line intensities IO(3P)/IAr(2p1) is higher than that at 12 Pa pressure and slightly (about 1.3 times) decreases with radius R increase, whereas at 12 Pa pressure this ratio is practically independent on R. Calculation of dissociation degree by formulas (1,2) has shown, that at the use of model EEDF taking into account process of dissociative excitation of O(3p 3 P) state results in variation of dissociation degree by no more than 5 %, and in case of calculated EEDF – no more than 20 %. The results of [O]/[O2] calculations presented below are obtained without taking mentioned process into account. Results of oxygen dissociation degree calculations are presented in form of [O]/[O2] dependency on the system radius in Figs. 5,a,b. In case of model EEDF, each R value was corresponded by certain T2 value used in the calculations of rates of the processes and IO(3P) /IAr(2p1) ratio. In case of calculated EEDF, T2 radial dependence was absent because of the use of 0-D model, due to that [O]/[O2] dependencies on R are approximate ones. From Figs. 5a,b one can see that with the use of model EEDF, [O]/[O2] dependencies on R for both Р values well correlate with IO(3P) /IAr(2p1) behavior at the use in calculation of both direct, and apparent cross sections. In other words, in our case T2 radial dependencies weakly influence the [O]/[O2] dependence on R. More interesting is an influence of used cross sections of the processses on [O]/[O2] value. Comparison of Fig. 5,a and Fig. 5,b shows that substitution of direct cross section by apparent one decreases [O]/[O2] value by about 1.5 times. Besides, difference between [O]/[O2] values, obtained with the 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 10 12 14 16 18 R at io in te ns iti es I O (3 P ) /I A r( 2p 1) Radius R, cm P = 4 Pa P = 12 Pa Fig. 4. Experimentally obtained dependencies of emission intensity ratio IO(3P) /IAr(2p1) on the system radius for two oxygen pressure values 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.24 a) [O ]/ [O 2 ] R, cm 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0,00 0,04 0,08 0,12 b) [O ]/[ O 2] R, cm Fig. 5 . Dependencies of oxygen dissociation degree [O]/[O2] on radius R for two O2 pressure values with different EEDF. a – with the use of direct cross-section; b – with the use of apparent cross section. (-□-) – model EEDF with T2 = (2.3…2.9) eV, corresponding to P = 4 Pa; (-○-) – model EEDF with T2 = 2.1 eV, corresponding to Р = 12 Pa; (-■-) – calculated EEDF for Р = 4 Pa; (-● -) – calculated EEDF for Р = 12 Pa use of model and calculated EEDF essentially decreases at that. As it follows from expression (2) and figure 3, main role in this effect is performed by essential (in comparison with the other ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94) 261 processes) difference in the values of direct and apparent excitation cross sections of O( 3р 3 Р) state. For refining the influence of EEDF shape and used excitation cross sections on the precision of dissociation degree [O]/[O2] measurement in the plasma of hollow cathode discharge, in subsequent it is planned to perform similar researches with the use of another pair of lines involving Ar(2p1) and O(3p 5 P) states. REFERENCES 1. T. Gokus, R.R. Nair, et al. Making Graphene Luminescent by Oxygen Plasma Treatment // ACS Nano. 2009, v. 3, p. 3963-3968. 2. D.B. Graves. The emerging role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in redox biology and some implications for plasma applications to medicine and biology // J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2012, v. 45, p. 263001. 3. J.W. Coburn and M. Chen. Optical emission spectroscopy of reactive plasmas: A method for correlating emission intensities to reactive particle density // J. Appl. Phys. 1980, v. 51, p. 3134. 4. V.V. Tsiolko, S.V. Matsevich, et al. Kinetic processes in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen // Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. 2013, № 4, p. 166-170. 5. D. Pagnon, J. Amorim, et al. On the use of the use of actinometry to measure the dissociation in 02 DC glow discharges: determination of the wall recombination probability // J. Phys.D: Appl. Phys. 1995, v. 28, p. 1856-1868. 6. Y. Itikawa, A. Ichimura, et al. Cross-sections for collisions of electron and photons with oxygen molecules // J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 1989, v. 18, № 1, p. 23-42. 7. M.B. Schulman, F.A. Sharpton, et al. Emission from oxygen atoms produced by electron-impact dissociative excitation of oxygen molecules // Phys. Rev. A. 1985, v. 32, p. 2100. 8. J.E. Chilton, J.B. Boffard, et al. Measurement of electron-impact excitation into the 3p5 4p levels of argon using Fourier-transform spectroscopy// Phys. Rev. A. 1998, v. 57, p. 267-277. 9. R.R. Laher and F.R. Gilmore. Updated excitation and ionization cross sections for electron impact on atomic oxygen // J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 1990, v. 19, p. 277. 10. M. Hayashi. Bibliography of electron and photon cross sections with atoms and molecules published in the 20 th century–Argon // NIFS Data – 72. 2003, p. Argon 4. Article received 26.10.2014 ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ АТОМАРНОГО КИСЛОРОДА В ПЛАЗМЕ ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНОГО СВЕЧЕНИЯ РАЗРЯДА НИЗКОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ В КИСЛОРОДЕ МЕТОДОМ АКТИНОМЕТРИИ Ю.В. Лаврукевич, С.В. Мацевич, В.Ю. Баженов, В.В. Циолко Представлены результаты исследования влияния процессов диссоциативного возбуждения и каскадирования при различных формах модельных и расчетных функций распределений электронов по энергиям на точность определения степени диссоциации кислорода в плазме отрицательного свечения разряда низкого давления методом актинометрии с использованием излучения линий О (844,6 нм) и Ar (750,4 нм). ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЇ АТОМАРНОГО КИСНЮ В ПЛАЗМІ НЕГАТИВНОГО СВІТІННЯ РОЗРЯДУ НИЗЬКОГО ТИСКУ В КИСНІ МЕТОДОМ АКТИНОМЕТРІЇ Ю.В. Лаврукевич, С.В. Мацевич, В.Ю. Баженов, В.В. Ціолко Представлено результати досліджень впливу процесів дисоціативного збудження та каскадування при різних формах модельних та розрахункових функцій розподілу електронів за енергіями на точність визначення дисоціації кисню в плазмі негативного світіння розряду низького тиску методом актинометрії з використанням випромінювання ліній О (844,6 нм) та Ar (750,4 нм).
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institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
issn 1562-6016
language English
last_indexed 2025-12-07T17:17:53Z
publishDate 2014
publisher Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
record_format dspace
spelling Lavrookevich, Yu.V.
Matsevich, S.V.
Bazhenov, V.Yu.
Tsiolko, V.V.
2015-05-22T20:18:00Z
2015-05-22T20:18:00Z
2014
Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen / Yu.V. Lavrookevich, S.V. Matsevich, V.Yu. Bazhenov, V.V. Tsiolko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 258-261. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ.
1562-6016
PACS: 52.80.-s, 52.25.Ya
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81966
This proceeding presents results of investigations of an influence of dissociative excitation and cascading processes on precision of oxygen dissociation degree measurement in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge by means of actinometry based on emission of O (844.6 nm) and Ar (750.4 nm) with the use of different model and calculated shapes of electron energy distribution function.
Представлены результаты исследования влияния процессов диссоциативного возбуждения и каскадирования при различных формах модельных и расчетных функций распределений электронов по энергиям на точность определения степени диссоциации кислорода в плазме отрицательного свечения разряда низкого давления методом актинометрии с использованием излучения линий О (844,6 нм) и Ar (750,4 нм).
Представлено результати досліджень впливу процесів дисоціативного збудження та каскадування при різних формах модельних та розрахункових функцій розподілу електронів за енергіями на точність визначення дисоціації кисню в плазмі негативного світіння розряду низького тиску методом актинометрії з використанням випромінювання ліній О (844,6 нм) та Ar (750,4 нм).
en
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Диагностика плазмы
Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
Особенности измерения концентрации атомарного кислорода в плазме отрицательного свечения разряда низкого давления в кислороде методом актинометрии
Особливості вимірювання концентрації атомарного кисню в плазмі негативного світіння розряду низького тиску в кисні методом актинометрії
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
Lavrookevich, Yu.V.
Matsevich, S.V.
Bazhenov, V.Yu.
Tsiolko, V.V.
Диагностика плазмы
title Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
title_alt Особенности измерения концентрации атомарного кислорода в плазме отрицательного свечения разряда низкого давления в кислороде методом актинометрии
Особливості вимірювання концентрації атомарного кисню в плазмі негативного світіння розряду низького тиску в кисні методом актинометрії
title_full Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
title_fullStr Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
title_full_unstemmed Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
title_short Peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
title_sort peculiarities of atomic oxygen concentration measurement by means of actinometry in negative glow plasma of low pressure discharge in oxygen
topic Диагностика плазмы
topic_facet Диагностика плазмы
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81966
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AT tsiolkovv osobennostiizmereniâkoncentraciiatomarnogokislorodavplazmeotricatelʹnogosvečeniârazrâdanizkogodavleniâvkislorodemetodomaktinometrii
AT lavrookevichyuv osoblivostívimírûvannâkoncentracííatomarnogokisnûvplazmínegativnogosvítínnârozrâdunizʹkogotiskuvkisnímetodomaktinometríí
AT matsevichsv osoblivostívimírûvannâkoncentracííatomarnogokisnûvplazmínegativnogosvítínnârozrâdunizʹkogotiskuvkisnímetodomaktinometríí
AT bazhenovvyu osoblivostívimírûvannâkoncentracííatomarnogokisnûvplazmínegativnogosvítínnârozrâdunizʹkogotiskuvkisnímetodomaktinometríí
AT tsiolkovv osoblivostívimírûvannâkoncentracííatomarnogokisnûvplazmínegativnogosvítínnârozrâdunizʹkogotiskuvkisnímetodomaktinometríí