Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron
The possibilities of stimulation and complete suppression of the runaway electrons flow in the experiments at Uragan-2M setup were investigated. The flow stimulation was carried out by producing additional free charged particles during the runaway electrons flow formation. The runaway electrons flow...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Datum: | 2014 |
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online Zugang: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81968 |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Zitieren: | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron / V.E. Moiseenko, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Tarasov, D.A. Sitnikov, V.B. Korovin, A.D. Komarov, A.S. Kozachek, L.I. Krupnik, A.I. Zhezhera, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, A.Ye. Kulaga, A.N. Shapoval, M.A. Lytova, S.M. Maznichenko, S.I. Solodovchenko, A.F. Shtan' // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 266-268. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859679377887854592 |
|---|---|
| author | Moiseenko, V.E. Tarasov, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Sitnikov, D.A. Korovin, V.B. Komarov, A.D. Kozachek, A.S. Krupnik, L.I. Zhezhera, A.I. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Kulaga, A.Ye. Shapoval, A.N. Lytova, M.A. Maznichenko, S.M. Solodovchenko, S.I. Shtan', A.F. |
| author_facet | Moiseenko, V.E. Tarasov, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Sitnikov, D.A. Korovin, V.B. Komarov, A.D. Kozachek, A.S. Krupnik, L.I. Zhezhera, A.I. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Kulaga, A.Ye. Shapoval, A.N. Lytova, M.A. Maznichenko, S.M. Solodovchenko, S.I. Shtan', A.F. |
| citation_txt | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron / V.E. Moiseenko, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Tarasov, D.A. Sitnikov, V.B. Korovin, A.D. Komarov, A.S. Kozachek, L.I. Krupnik, A.I. Zhezhera, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, A.Ye. Kulaga, A.N. Shapoval, M.A. Lytova, S.M. Maznichenko, S.I. Solodovchenko, A.F. Shtan' // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 266-268. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The possibilities of stimulation and complete suppression of the runaway electrons flow in the experiments at Uragan-2M setup were investigated. The flow stimulation was carried out by producing additional free charged particles during the runaway electrons flow formation. The runaway electrons flow suppression was carried out using the peripheral electrode with negative or positive potential. The supposed mechanisms of influence and possible use come into question in some fusion devices.
Исследованы возможности стимулирования и подавления потока убегающих электронов в рамках экспериментов на установке Ураган-2М. Стимулирование производилось за счет добавления заряженных частиц в момент начальной стадии образования вторичных убегающих электронов. Подавление потоков убегающих электронов осуществлялось подачей на периферийный электрод отрицательных или положительных потенциалов. Обсуждаются предполагаемые механизмы воздействия и возможное использование в установках УТС.
Досліджені можливості стимулювання і пригнічення потоку втікаючих електронів у рамках експериментів на установці Ураган-2М. Стимулювання робилося за рахунок додавання заряджених частинок у момент початкової стадії утворення вторинних втікаючих електронів. Пригнічення потоків втікаючих електронів здійснювалося поданням на периферійний електрод негативних або позитивних потенціалів. Обговорюються передбачувані механізми дії і можливе використання в установках КТС.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-11-30T17:25:05Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94)
266 PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2014, №6. Series: Plasma Physics (20), p. 266-268.
CONTROL OF THE RUNAWAY ELECTRON FLOW IN TORSATRON
V.E. Moiseenko, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Tarasov, D.A. Sitnikov, V.B. Korovin, A.D. Komarov,
A.S. Kozachek, L.I. Krupnik, A.I. Zhezhera, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, A.Ye. Kulaga,
A.N. Shapoval, M.A. Lytova
1
, S.M. Maznichenko, S.I. Solodovchenko, A.F. Shtan'
Institute of Plasma Physics NSC KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine;
1
V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
E-mail: itarasov@ipp.kharkov.ua
The possibilities of stimulation and complete suppression of the runaway electrons flow in the experiments at
Uragan-2M setup were investigated. The flow stimulation was carried out by producing additional free charged
particles during the runaway electrons flow formation. The runaway electrons flow suppression was carried out
using the peripheral electrode with negative or positive potential. The supposed mechanisms of influence and
possible use come into question in some fusion devices.
PACS: 52.59.Rz, 52.70.Nc, 52.70.La
INTRODUCTION
The possibilities of both stimulation and complete
suppression of the runaway electrons flow in the
experiments at Uragan-2M (U-2M) torsatron were
investigated. The flow stimulation was carried out by
producing additional free charged particles during the
runaway electrons flow formation. The source of
additional charged particles in U-2M was secondary
electron emission realized due to interaction of the ion
beam of the heavy ion beam probing (HIBP) diagnostic
system with constructive elements inside the vacuum
chamber of the device.
The runaway particles flow suppression was carried
out by applying electrostatic potential to the probes
located just outside the plasma confinement volume.
The reason of the high-energy particles emergence in
the confinement volume is vortex electric field which
appears due to the temporal variation of the magnetic
field. The high-energy electron flows are forming and
accelerating at the magnetic field pulse edges. The flux
intensity is sensitive to the variation of the working gas
pressure.
EXPERIMENT ON THE U-2M
The magnetic field strength was B0=4 kOe. The
working gas pressure was (5…8)∙10
-6
Тоrr. At the
magnetic field back pulse edge the stable X-ray
emission was observed. The intensity of X-ray radiation
was increasing with the increase of the magnetic field
and decrease of the working gas pressure. The
accelerated electrons due to their interaction with
metallic wall of the vacuum chamber are the source of
radiation (Fig. 1).
Also there were experiments on stimulation of
runaway electron flow by the additional injection of
electrons and suppression of runaway electron flow by
the peripheral potentials.
The magnetic field of 4 kOe, working gas pressure of
(5…8)∙10
-6
Torr. Hard X-ray emission at the magnetic
field back pulse edge.
Fig. 1. X-ray emission at the magnetic field back pulse
edge in the torsatron U-2M
The intensity of X-ray radiation increases with the
increase of the magnetic field and decrease of the
working gas pressure.
The stimulation of the runaway electron flow was
realized by the ion beam which are intended for plasma
diagnostics. It acted as an electron source by secondary
ion-electron emission appeared during the interaction of
the ion beam with the structural elements of the vacuum
chamber (Figs. 2,a,b,c).
SUPPRESSION OF THE RUNAWAY ELECTRON
FLOW
It is known that the formation of high-energy
runaway electron flows is the most dangerous
consequence of the development of the breakdown
instability in tokamaks. When interacting with elements
of construction such particles can cause damage and
destruction. There are some methods of dealing with
breakdown. The simplest way is to decrease the
discharge current. Unfortunately this method is not
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94) 267
a
b
c
Fig. 2. The stimulation of the runaway electron flow
during the injection of the heavy ion beam into the
confinement area of the torsatron U-2M. The magnetic
field strength 4 kOe. Heavy ion beam parameters:
current, energy and pressure of the working gas
(hydrogen).
a. 60 µA, 80 kV, 8∙10
-6
Torr;
b. 100 µA, 70 kV, 5∙10
-5
Torr;
c. 75 µA, 100 kV, 5∙10
-6
Torr
effective because the conditions for the runaway
electron flow are created. One more method is the
injection of a huge number of radiating impurities,
which allows to transform the stored in the pinch energy
into radiation [4].
A possible way to suppress runaway electrons can be
injection of high Z impurities in the form of tablets into
the plasma confinement volume [5]. In this case the
interaction with impurity is more localized but such an
injection increases the runaway electron current. Also
there are some experiments on the interaction of
runaway electron flow with HF and microwave fields
using the ECR heating or creation of constant current
[6].
Despite of the different methods of the runaway
electron flow suppression in the devices of controlled
thermonuclear fusion the problem is still unsolved.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPERIMENTS
The experiments were carried out at torsatron U-2M.
Inside the chamber of U-2M HF generator antennas for
plasma creation are located. In this experiment one of
these antennas is used as the control electrode for the
runaway electrons. There was a constant voltage Ug
supply on the antenna La. The feeder line from the HF
generator and capacitor Ca were connected in parallel to
the antenna. Resistor R acted as a limiting resistance for
the protection of the voltage source. During the
experiment the voltage Ug (from 0 to 100 V) and its
polarity were changing. The magnetic field strength
B0=4 kOe. The working gas pressure was 1.6∙10
-6
Тоrr
(Fig. 3).
It is possible to reveal the runaway electrons because
of X-ray. In the case of negative voltage supply to the
antenna (-100, -50, -10 V) the controlled radiation
hasn’t been revealed. At the positive voltage supply
(+20, +100 V) the X-ray, the microwave radiation and
the Rogovski coil current were observed.
Fig. 3. Dependence of the level of hard X-ray in
torsatron U-2M on the frame antenna potential
Suppression of the runaway electron flow was
realized by supplying of negative or positive potential
(0…100 V) to the peripheral probe (the frame antenna
of the torsatron U-2M).
CONCLUSIONS
The runaway electron flows are forming in the
torsatron U-2M confinement area at the magnetic field
pulse edges due to the acceleration of background
electrons by toroidal vortical electric field. The flow of
268 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2014. №6(94)
accelerated particles forms initial plasma by ionizing the
working gas. Such initial plasma also serves as a source
of free electrons which participate in the runaway
electrons flow formation.
The runaway electron flow can be stimulated by
means of additional SHF radiation injection into the
confinement area of the torsatron U-2M at the magnetic
field pulse edges.
The source of electrons is secondary ion-electron
emission which appears during the injection of heavy-
ion beam into the confinement area.
It has been experimentally found that the potential
(both negative and positive) on the antenna-electrode
influences the dynamic of runaway electrons as well as
in case of U-3M [1].
REFERENCES
1. M.I. Tarasov. Streams of charged particles in plasma
and their fluctuations in linear and toroidal magnetic
configurations // Thesis. Kharkov, 2011, p. 140.
2. A.V. Gurevich, G.M. Milikh, R. Roussel-Dupre.
Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and
preconditioning during a thunderstorm // Phys. Lett. A.
1992, v. 165, p. 463-468.
3. A.V. Gurevich, K.F. Sergeicev, I.A. Sychov,
R. Roussel-Dupre, K.P. Zybin. First observation of
runaway breakdown phenomenon in laboratory
experiments // Phys. Lett. A 1999, v. 260, p. 269-278.
4. G. Pautasso et al. Disruption studies in ASDEX
Upgrade in view of ITER // Plasma Phys. Contr.
Fusion. 2009, v. 51, №12.
5. K. Gal. Runaway electron generation during plasma
shutdown by killer pellet injection // 21th IAEA Fusion
Energy Conference, Chengdu, 16-21 Oct. 2006, Vienna,
p. 108.
6. J.W. Yang et al. Suppression of runaway electrons
during electron cyclotron resonance heating on HL-2A
Tokamak // J.Plasma Phys. 2010, v. 76, №1, p. 75-85.
Article received 23.10.2014
УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОТОКАМИ УБЕГАЮЩИХ ЭЛЕКТРОНОВ В ТОРСАТРОНЕ
В.Е. Моисеенко, И.К. Тарасов, М.И. Тарасов, Д.А. Ситников, В.Б. Коровин, А.Д. Комаров, А.С. Козачек,
Л.И. Крупник, А.И. Жежера, Р.О. Павличенко, Н.В. Заманов, А.Е. Кулага, А.Н. Шаповал, М.А. Лытова,
С.М. Мазниченко, С.И. Солодовченко, А.Ф. Штань
Исследованы возможности стимулирования и подавления потока убегающих электронов в рамках
экспериментов на установке Ураган-2М. Стимулирование производилось за счет добавления заряженных
частиц в момент начальной стадии образования вторичных убегающих электронов. Подавление потоков
убегающих электронов осуществлялось подачей на периферийный электрод отрицательных или
положительных потенциалов. Обсуждаются предполагаемые механизмы воздействия и возможное
использование в установках УТС.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОТОКАМИ ВТІКАЮЧИХ ЕЛЕКТРОНІВ У ТОРСАТРОНІ
В.Є. Моісеєнко, І.К. Тарасов, М.І. Тарасов, Д.А. Ситников, В.Б. Коровін, A.Д. Комаров, О.С. Козачек,
Л.І. Крупник, A.І. Жежера, Р.О. Павліченко, Н.В. Заманов, А.Є. Кулага, А.М. Шаповал, М.O. Литова,
С.М. Мазниченко, С.І. Солодовченко, А.Ф. Штань
Досліджені можливості стимулювання і пригнічення потоку втікаючих електронів у рамках
експериментів на установці Ураган-2М. Стимулювання робилося за рахунок додавання заряджених
частинок у момент початкової стадії утворення вторинних втікаючих електронів. Пригнічення потоків
втікаючих електронів здійснювалося поданням на периферійний електрод негативних або позитивних
потенціалів. Обговорюються передбачувані механізми дії і можливе використання в установках КТС.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-81968 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-30T17:25:05Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Moiseenko, V.E. Tarasov, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Sitnikov, D.A. Korovin, V.B. Komarov, A.D. Kozachek, A.S. Krupnik, L.I. Zhezhera, A.I. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Kulaga, A.Ye. Shapoval, A.N. Lytova, M.A. Maznichenko, S.M. Solodovchenko, S.I. Shtan', A.F. 2015-05-22T20:19:58Z 2015-05-22T20:19:58Z 2014 Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron / V.E. Moiseenko, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Tarasov, D.A. Sitnikov, V.B. Korovin, A.D. Komarov, A.S. Kozachek, L.I. Krupnik, A.I. Zhezhera, R.O. Pavlichenko, N.V. Zamanov, A.Ye. Kulaga, A.N. Shapoval, M.A. Lytova, S.M. Maznichenko, S.I. Solodovchenko, A.F. Shtan' // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2014. — № 6. — С. 266-268. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.59.Rz, 52.70.Nc, 52.70.La https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81968 The possibilities of stimulation and complete suppression of the runaway electrons flow in the experiments at Uragan-2M setup were investigated. The flow stimulation was carried out by producing additional free charged particles during the runaway electrons flow formation. The runaway electrons flow suppression was carried out using the peripheral electrode with negative or positive potential. The supposed mechanisms of influence and possible use come into question in some fusion devices. Исследованы возможности стимулирования и подавления потока убегающих электронов в рамках экспериментов на установке Ураган-2М. Стимулирование производилось за счет добавления заряженных частиц в момент начальной стадии образования вторичных убегающих электронов. Подавление потоков убегающих электронов осуществлялось подачей на периферийный электрод отрицательных или положительных потенциалов. Обсуждаются предполагаемые механизмы воздействия и возможное использование в установках УТС. Досліджені можливості стимулювання і пригнічення потоку втікаючих електронів у рамках експериментів на установці Ураган-2М. Стимулювання робилося за рахунок додавання заряджених частинок у момент початкової стадії утворення вторинних втікаючих електронів. Пригнічення потоків втікаючих електронів здійснювалося поданням на периферійний електрод негативних або позитивних потенціалів. Обговорюються передбачувані механізми дії і можливе використання в установках КТС. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Диагностика плазмы Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron Управления потоками убегающих электронов в торсатроне Управління потоками втікаючих електронів у торсатроні Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron Moiseenko, V.E. Tarasov, I.K. Tarasov, M.I. Sitnikov, D.A. Korovin, V.B. Komarov, A.D. Kozachek, A.S. Krupnik, L.I. Zhezhera, A.I. Pavlichenko, R.O. Zamanov, N.V. Kulaga, A.Ye. Shapoval, A.N. Lytova, M.A. Maznichenko, S.M. Solodovchenko, S.I. Shtan', A.F. Диагностика плазмы |
| title | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| title_alt | Управления потоками убегающих электронов в торсатроне Управління потоками втікаючих електронів у торсатроні |
| title_full | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| title_fullStr | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| title_short | Control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| title_sort | control of the runaway electron flow in torsatron |
| topic | Диагностика плазмы |
| topic_facet | Диагностика плазмы |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/81968 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT moiseenkove controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT tarasovik controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT tarasovmi controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT sitnikovda controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT korovinvb controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT komarovad controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT kozachekas controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT krupnikli controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT zhezheraai controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT pavlichenkoro controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT zamanovnv controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT kulagaaye controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT shapovalan controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT lytovama controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT maznichenkosm controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT solodovchenkosi controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT shtanaf controloftherunawayelectronflowintorsatron AT moiseenkove upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT tarasovik upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT tarasovmi upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT sitnikovda upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT korovinvb upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT komarovad upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT kozachekas upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT krupnikli upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT zhezheraai upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT pavlichenkoro upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT zamanovnv upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT kulagaaye upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT shapovalan upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT lytovama upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT maznichenkosm upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT solodovchenkosi upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT shtanaf upravleniâpotokamiubegaûŝihélektronovvtorsatrone AT moiseenkove upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT tarasovik upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT tarasovmi upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT sitnikovda upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT korovinvb upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT komarovad upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT kozachekas upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT krupnikli upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT zhezheraai upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT pavlichenkoro upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT zamanovnv upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT kulagaaye upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT shapovalan upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT lytovama upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT maznichenkosm upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT solodovchenkosi upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní AT shtanaf upravlínnâpotokamivtíkaûčihelektronívutorsatroní |