Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment
The paper is devoted to an analysis of selected experimental results obtained from space- and time-resolved spectroscopic measurements, which were performed during the interaction of an intense laser-beam (0.7 J, 2 ns) with a tungsten (W) target placed under high-vacuum conditions. The spectroscop...
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| Published in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Date: | 2006 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2006
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| Cite this: | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment / A.V. Tsarenko, A.K. Marchenko, M.J. Sadowski, E. Skladnik-Sadowska, K. Malinowski, J. Wolowski, A. Czarnecka, P. Gąsior, P. Parys, M. RosiĔski // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 6. — С. 150-152. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859951860556759040 |
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| author | Tsarenko, A.V. Marchenko, A.K. Sadowski, M.J. Skladnik-Sadowska, E. Malinowski, K. Wolowski, J. Czarnecka, A. Gąsior, P. Parys, P. RosiĔski, M. |
| author_facet | Tsarenko, A.V. Marchenko, A.K. Sadowski, M.J. Skladnik-Sadowska, E. Malinowski, K. Wolowski, J. Czarnecka, A. Gąsior, P. Parys, P. RosiĔski, M. |
| citation_txt | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment / A.V. Tsarenko, A.K. Marchenko, M.J. Sadowski, E. Skladnik-Sadowska, K. Malinowski, J. Wolowski, A. Czarnecka, P. Gąsior, P. Parys, M. RosiĔski // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 6. — С. 150-152. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The paper is devoted to an analysis of selected experimental results obtained from space- and time-resolved spectroscopic
measurements, which were performed during the interaction of an intense laser-beam (0.7 J, 2 ns) with a tungsten (W) target placed
under high-vacuum conditions. The spectroscopic measurements were carried out by means of a Mechelle®
900 optical-spectrometer,
and for the first time some tungsten spectral lines (WI and WII) were recorded. The most important parameters of a tungsten plasma
plume were estimated using the fitting procedure. The appearance of the tungsten ions was also confirmed by a series of corpuscular
measurements
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:17:47Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
150 Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. 2006, 6. Series: Plasma Physics (12), p. 150-152
A.V. Tsarenko1
ANALYSIS OF TUNGSTEN SPECTRAL-LINES
RECORDED FROM LASER-TARGET EXPERIMENT
, A.K. Marchenko 1, M.J. Sadowski 2,3, E. Skladnik-Sadowska 2,
K. Malinowski 2, J. Wolowski 3, A. Czarnecka 3, P. G sior 3, P. Parys 3, M. Rosi ski 3
1 Institute of Plasma Physics, NSC KIPT, Akademicheskaya Str.1, 61108 Kharkov, Ukraine;
2 The Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies (IPJ), 05-400 Otwock-Swierk, Poland;
3 Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM), 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
The paper is devoted to an analysis of selected experimental results obtained from space- and time-resolved spectroscopic
measurements, which were performed during the interaction of an intense laser-beam (0.7 J, 2 ns) with a tungsten (W) target placed
under high-vacuum conditions. The spectroscopic measurements were carried out by means of a Mechelle®900 optical-spectrometer,
and for the first time some tungsten spectral lines (WI and WII) were recorded. The most important parameters of a tungsten plasma
plume were estimated using the fitting procedure. The appearance of the tungsten ions was also confirmed by a series of corpuscular
measurements.
PACS: 52.50.Jm, 52.70.Kz, 52.70.Nc
1. INTRODUCTION
Information about spectral lines emitted from tungsten (W)
exited atoms and ions are of great importance for plasma research
and fusion technology. Unfortunately such information is very
scarce [1]. Therefore, it was decided to perform dedicated laser-
target experiments under controlled experimental conditions. In
general, studies of laser-produced plasmas are of importance for
different branches of science and technology.
The main aim of the described experiments was to record and
analyze some optical W-spectra, which might be used e.g. for a
comparison with results of spectroscopic measurements of
plasma-target interactions inside various tokamak facilities. This
study is important because tungsten is often used in different
plasma facilities and it is the constructional material for ITER.
2. EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP AND
SPECTROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTICS
The experimental system used in our studies consisted of the
main vacuum chamber, equipped with a movable target holder
and ion diagnostic equipment, an external laser system and an
optical spectrometer adapted for time-resolved measurements [2],
as shown in Fig.1.
Fig. 1. Experimental arrangement.
The ion measuring equipment consisted of ion collectors and
an electrostatic ion energy analyzer. The applied repetitive Nd-
glass laser system could deliver a beam of = 1.06 m and
E = 0.8 J in 3.5 ns pulses. The laser beam was introduced at an
angle of 30o in relation to the target axis and focused upon the
target center.
During the experiments to be described the laser was operated
with the repetition of = 10 Hz, and the power density upon the
target amounted to about 1011 W/cm2. It was satisfactory to
produce a W-plasma plume in front of the irradiated W-target.
Each laser pulse had energy 540 mJ, and the focal spot had
diameter equal to Df = 0.4 mm. The laser power density was
IL= 1.4 x 1011 W/cm2.
The spectroscopic measurements were carried out by means
of a Mechelle®900 optical-spectrometer, which might be
operated within the spectral range from 300 to 1100 nm. The
system contained a special collimator, which was situated
between a quartz observation window and a quartz optical cable
coupled with the spectrometer. That collimator assured the spatial
resolution of about 1 cm. The spectrometer had the spectral
resolution equal to about 900 and the instrumental contour width
of 0.5 nm within central region of the investigated spectrum. The
applied exposure time was equal to 2 s. The recorded spectra
were read with a cooled CCD camera coupled with a computer
equipped with the GRAMS32-v.6.0 software, which made
possible the fast and effective processing of the collected
experimental data.
3. SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
In order to obtain reliable information about W-plasma
parameters a detailed analysis was performed using the well-
known NIST database. Preliminary evaluations, which were
performed on the basis of separate and randomly taken pairs of
the recorded spectral lines, gave electron temperature (Te)
values ranging from 0.5 to about 2 eV. Estimates of the
electron concentration (Ne) gave values within the range from
1014 to 1019 cm-3 [3]. Although these estimates are close to
those made in other laser-target experiments [4], one can
easily notice considerable differences in the reported
experiments.
Our recent computational analysis of the recorded W
spectra concerned normalized W-lines, which might be
observed at different temperatures (Te = 0.1, 0.5, and 10 eV),
as shown in Fig. 2.
151
Fig.2. Normalized W-spectra computed for different
electron temperatures Te = 0.1 eV , 0.5 eV and 10 eV
The performed analysis has indicated:
• The strongest lines of WI and WII for the wide range of Te
values;
• The appearance of pure (separate) lines with the minimal
overlapping;
• The spectral lines (or groups of them), which are more or less
sensitive to the electron temperature;
• The lines undergoing the re-absorption (we selected the
strongest lines with close energies of the excitation only).
As for the observed spectra lines (and/or peaks) intensities have
been verified with the object to self-absorption. Some peaks of the
strongest lines, as expected, demonstrated a relatively high self-
absorption. We took into consideration the lines having similar
excitation energies only, because in such cases the intensity ratio is
not a function of Te, but it depends on the Aki (or gf-values). For
example, the WI 4294.6 and 4302.1 lines, for which the observed
and calculated relative intensities were considerably different, are
shown in Figs. 3,a and 3,b.
The effects described above were taken into consideration
during subsequent fitting procedures. It should, however, be noted
that for the ion spectral lines it is in general very difficult to take
into account the considered effects quantitatively.
Some of the spectral lines with the strong self-absorption (e.g.
WI 4008 Å peak) are shown above as those exceeding the limits
of graphs. It should be noted that for a group of the W spectral
lines within a wavelength range of 3572…3660 Å one can
observe some discrepancy in the computed and recorded spectra
(see Fig. 3a).
For the shortest waves it might be explained by the fact that the
transmission of the applied optical parts decreases in this range
very sharply. In other wavelength regions the mentioned
discrepancy might be due to differences in atomic (spectral) data
from NIST and the spectroscopic data taken from other
publications [5]. It seems that the observed spectral lines are closer
to the old data.
Fig.3. Recorded optical spectra and their fitting to those
computed on the basis of the Saha-Boltzman equations.
The rapid drop in the middle of the spectrum is an
artificial effect induced by the spectrometer construction
In the next phase of the analysis the most important parameters
of a W-plasma plume were estimated using the fitting
procedure as follows: in the first step we estimated electron
temperature values to obtain a relatively good agreement for
the recorded intensities of WI and WII spectral lines
4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200
0,01
0,1
1
wavelength, A
In
te
ns
ity
, a
.u
.
IntWI0.1
IntWI0.5
IntWI10
3500 3600 3700 3800
0,01
0,1
1
wavelenght, A
In
te
ns
ity
, a
.u
.
IntWII0.1
IntWII0.5
IntWII10
a) WI lines
b) WII lines
4000 4100 4200 4300 4400
4000
5000
0
5000
10000
wavelength, A
In
te
ns
ity
, a
.u
.
spectrum411 (Counts)
WI 1eV 8*10^16
WII 1eV 8*10^16
a) Te = 1 eV, Ne = 8 x 1016 cm-3
4000 4100 4200 4300 4400
4000
5000
0
40000
wavelength, A
In
te
ns
ity
, a
.u
.
spectrum411 (Counts) WI 0.8eV2*10^16
WII 0.8eV2*10^16
b) Te = 0.8 eV, Ne = 2 x 1016 cm-3
3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000 4100
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0
50000
In
te
ns
ity
, a
.u
.
wavelength, A
spectrum411 (Counts)WI 0.8eV2*10^16
WII 0.8eV2*10^16
c) Te = 0.8 eV, Ne = 2 x 1016 cm-3
152
. ,
. ,
separately; and in the second step the electron concentration
value was determined to achieve the good agreement between
the whole WI and WII spectra. As a result it was found that the
most probable parameters of the investigated laser-produced
W-plasma were as follows: Te 0.8…1 eV, Ne (2…8) x
x 1016 cm-3. Using spectroscopic methods and it was also
possible to estimate the concentration of the excited neutral W-
atoms. Such an analysis is presented in Fig. 4.
Fig.4. Distributions of ionization states of W-species
computed on the basis of LTE relations
Since, the estimated electron temperature was 0.8...1 eV,
in the both considered cases one gets an approximated
value N (WI) (1...3) x 1015 cm-3. The large uncertainty
in the determination of Ne-values has been induced by a
lack of additional experimental data. It is evident that
more information about temporal evolutions of WI and
WII spectral lines intensities or the total radiation is
needed.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The most important results of this study can be
summarized as follows:
1. The tungsten spectral lines have been recorded and
identified in the described laser-beam W-target
experiments.
2. The electron temperature of W-plasma was estimated
using the ratio of WII and WI spectral lines, and it was
found that the most probable value was Te = 0.8…1 eV.
It means that the recorded spectra were obtained from a
late phase of that plasma expansion.
3. An estimate of the electron concentration value
Ne (2…8) x 1016 cm-3 was performed using
spectroscopic methods in order to achieve the good
agreement between the whole recorded WI and WII
spectra.
4. Information about the tungsten spectral lines and some
procedures, which were used for the analysis, might be
helpful in future studies, e.g., of the erosion of W-based
constructional parts in fusion facilities.
REFERENCES
1. A. Kallenbach et al.// Proc. 2nd GPPD, Cracow, Poland, Sept.
8-10, 2004, CD-issue, Inv05.
2. M.J. Sadowski, K. Malinowski et al.// Proc. SPIE Int. Congress
on Optics & Optoelectronics, Warsaw 2005, SPIE Conf.
Proc. 2005, v. 5948, p. 46-58.
3. M.J. Sadowski, E. Skladnik-Sadowska, et al.// Czech J. Phys.
Suppl. B. 2006, v. 56, B550-B556.
4. S. S. Hariral, C. V. Bindhu et al.// J. Appl. Phys. 2003, v. 93,
N 5, p. 2380-2388.
5. Ch. H. Cosliss and W. R. Bozman. Experimental transition
probabilities for spectral lines of seventy elements. New
York: Pergamon Press, 1962.
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|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-82155 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:17:47Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Tsarenko, A.V. Marchenko, A.K. Sadowski, M.J. Skladnik-Sadowska, E. Malinowski, K. Wolowski, J. Czarnecka, A. Gąsior, P. Parys, P. RosiĔski, M. 2015-05-25T16:10:50Z 2015-05-25T16:10:50Z 2006 Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment / A.V. Tsarenko, A.K. Marchenko, M.J. Sadowski, E. Skladnik-Sadowska, K. Malinowski, J. Wolowski, A. Czarnecka, P. Gąsior, P. Parys, M. RosiĔski // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2006. — № 6. — С. 150-152. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.50.Jm, 52.70.Kz, 52.70.Nc https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82155 The paper is devoted to an analysis of selected experimental results obtained from space- and time-resolved spectroscopic measurements, which were performed during the interaction of an intense laser-beam (0.7 J, 2 ns) with a tungsten (W) target placed under high-vacuum conditions. The spectroscopic measurements were carried out by means of a Mechelle® 900 optical-spectrometer, and for the first time some tungsten spectral lines (WI and WII) were recorded. The most important parameters of a tungsten plasma plume were estimated using the fitting procedure. The appearance of the tungsten ions was also confirmed by a series of corpuscular measurements en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Plasma dynamics and plasma wall interaction Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment Tsarenko, A.V. Marchenko, A.K. Sadowski, M.J. Skladnik-Sadowska, E. Malinowski, K. Wolowski, J. Czarnecka, A. Gąsior, P. Parys, P. RosiĔski, M. Plasma dynamics and plasma wall interaction |
| title | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| title_full | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| title_short | Analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| title_sort | analysis of tungsten spectral-lines recorded from laser-target experiment |
| topic | Plasma dynamics and plasma wall interaction |
| topic_facet | Plasma dynamics and plasma wall interaction |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82155 |
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