Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons
The results of studying of plasma influence on the surface tension of liquid hydrocarbons and distilled water during experiments with corona discharge are presented. The charged particles influence on the surface tension of fluids with different electrical conductivity is demonstrated. Current-volta...
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2015
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| Cite this: | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons / I.I. Fedirchyk, O.A. Nedybaliuk, L.Yu. Vergun, S.G. Orlovskaya, M.S. Shkoropado // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 1. — С. 239-242. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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| author | Fedirchyk, I.I. Nedybaliuk, O.A. Vergun, L.Yu. Orlovskaya, S.G. Shkoropado, M.S. |
| author_facet | Fedirchyk, I.I. Nedybaliuk, O.A. Vergun, L.Yu. Orlovskaya, S.G. Shkoropado, M.S. |
| citation_txt | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons / I.I. Fedirchyk, O.A. Nedybaliuk, L.Yu. Vergun, S.G. Orlovskaya, M.S. Shkoropado // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 1. — С. 239-242. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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| description | The results of studying of plasma influence on the surface tension of liquid hydrocarbons and distilled water during experiments with corona discharge are presented. The charged particles influence on the surface tension of fluids with different electrical conductivity is demonstrated. Current-voltage characteristics of corona discharge are measured. It is shown that the flow of charged particles leads to fragmentation of liquids with low conductivity into small droplets. The effect of corona discharge on the stearin combustion rate is investigated.
Представлены результаты серии экспериментов с коронным разрядом по исследованию влияния плазмы на поверхностное натяжение жидких углеводородов и дистиллированной воды. Показано влияние заряженных частиц на поверхностное натяжение жидкости с различной электропроводностью. Измерены вольт-амперные характеристики коронного разряда. Показано, что поток заряженных частиц приводит к фрагментации жидкости с низкой электропроводностью на мелкие капли. Исследовано влияние коронного разряда на скорость сгорания стеарина.
Представлено результати серії експериментів з коронним розрядом за дослідженнями впливу плазми на поверхневий натяг рідких вуглеводнів та дистильованої води. Показано вплив заряджених частинок на поверхневий натяг рідини з різною електропровідністю. Виміряно вольт-амперні характеристики коронного розряду. Показано, що потік заряджених частинок призводить до фрагментації рідини з низькою електропровідністю на дрібні краплини. Досліджено вплив коронного розряду на швидкість згорання стеарину.
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №1(95)
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2015, №. 1. Series: Plasma Physics (21), p. 239-242. 239
INFLUENCE OF PLASMA ON SURFACE TENSION OF
HYDROCARBONS
I.I. Fedirchyk
1
, O.A. Nedybaliuk
1
, L.Yu. Vergun
1
, S.G. Orlovskaya
2
, M.S. Shkoropado
2
1
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
2
Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odessa, Ukraine
E-mail: oanedybaliuk@gmail.com
The results of studying of plasma influence on the surface tension of liquid hydrocarbons and distilled water
during experiments with corona discharge are presented. The charged particles influence on the surface tension of
fluids with different electrical conductivity is demonstrated. Current-voltage characteristics of corona discharge are
measured. It is shown that the flow of charged particles leads to fragmentation of liquids with low conductivity into
small droplets. The effect of corona discharge on the stearin combustion rate is investigated.
PACS: 50., 52., 52.50.Dg
INTRODUCTION
An active part of modern plasma chemistry consists
of a development of various plasma-liquid systems.
Among those systems are discharges with liquid
electrodes, discharges in aerosols or vapors of liquids.
Such systems are widely used in reforming and
combustion of hydrocarbons, plasma medicine, plasma
treatment of fluids, and in number of other applications.
That is why special attention must be paid to the
interaction between the charged particles generated in
plasma and the surface of liquid in such systems. An
active gassing was observed in water near the surface of
the submerged electrode during the experiments in
plasma-liquid system with reverse vortex gas flow of
tornado type with liquid electrode [1-3]. Gas bubbles
rose to the surface of the liquid and disappeared at
plasma-liquid contact area.
The electrolysis of the same fluid with the same
current value as during discharge was accompanied by
the accumulation of gas bubbles at the surface of liquid
[2]. This fact leads to an assumption that particles with
electric charge can affect the surface tension value upon
their interaction with fluid. However, the usage of
discharges with capacity of 500…800 W has large
possibility that surface tension changes are due to
thermal heating of the liquid surface by discharge
plasma. The possibility to regulate the surface tension
by means of charges can be useful in hydrocarbon
reforming and combustion of various solid hydrocarbon
fuels that have prospects in the aerospace industry.
Stearin and paraffin are among the most promising fuels
for hybrid rocket motors. Stearin is melting first during
burning, after that it is sprayed and forms into an
aerosol or vapor which are ignited. Intensity of stearin
burning can be increased by increasing its evaporation
rate. This characteristic is closely associated with the
surface tension phenomenon: the lower the surface
tension, the weaker the interaction between molecules in
liquid is and the higher evaporation rate becomes. This
approach will simplify the creation of working
substances aerosols in plasma-chemical systems, which
will result in a more effective interaction with plasma.
For the first time, the interaction between the charged
particles and fluids in association with electrical
phenomena in an atmosphere was considered by Gaston
Plante in 1891 [4]. Interest to this question reappeared
due to intensive development of plasma chemistry at the
beginning of XXI century and resulted in MSU carrying
out the investigation [5], whose aim was to study corona
discharge and liquid surface interaction.
1. EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP
The experimental system with corona discharge was
used for investigation of this problem. The advantage of
this discharge lies in creation of ion flow (ion wind)
with a temperature which is approximately equal to the
ambient temperature. This feature, combined with
relatively low discharge power, allows to neglect the
heating of samples during the study, and to exclude the
temperature dependence of surface tension from
consideration. Several modifications of the basic system
that were used during an experiment are shown at
Fig. 1. The system for liquid research consists of
cathode tip (1) and a grounded anode plate (3), on
which lies a test liquid drop (2). The liquids with
different specific electric conductivity were used during
the experiment: vacuum and vegetable oils (15 pS·m
-1
),
distilled water (50 nS·m
-1
) and bioglycerol (80 μS·m
-1
).
Discharge current-voltage characteristics were measured
by a voltmeter (5) and an ammeter (6). Discharge was
supported by DC power source (4). The average power
of discharge was 40 mW. Drops of liquids were
deposited on the anode plate by syringe and had the
same volume (7 mm
3
). The system on Fig. 1,b. was used
for investigation of the corona discharge influence on
solid hydrocarbon fuels. This system has anode surface
(3) which is completely covered with stearin (9) instead
of a liquid droplet. Anode was preheated in order to
keep stearin layer in a molten state. The metal plate (2)
was inserted between stearin surface and cathode tip (1).
Its purpose was to shield hydrocarbon from charged
particles that were generated in corona discharge.
The system had the third modification for study of
stearin combustion rate under charged particles flow.
This system modification is showed at Fig. 1,b, where
stearin pieces were placed on the thermocouple (8)
between the corona discharge electrodes instead of a
metal plate (2). Stearin pieces were ignited using a gas
lighter.
mailto:oanedybaliuk@gmail.com
240 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №1(95)
a b
Fig. 1. Experimental setup for studying the influence of charged particles on the surface tension of the liquid (a),
stearin (b) and burning rate of stearin
2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The discharge current-voltage characteristics are
shown at Fig. 2. They were measured in absence and in
presence of drops of the working fluids (distilled water,
bioglycerol, vegetable oil, vacuum oil).
The investigations of the influence of charged
particles flow on liquid showed that its strength depends
on the electrical conductivity of a substance. In
bioglycerol case, the liquid showed no response to
charged particles. When a distilled water droplet was
processed, depression appeared on the surface of water
droplet. It was located under the tip of the discharge;
this phenomenon coincides well with the results of
similar experiments [4].
The time of complete evaporation of water droplets
was several times shorter with the discharge influence
than without it. Calculations demonstrated that the
increased evaporation rate can’t be explained as a result
Fig. 2. Current-voltage characteristics of the discharge
in absence and in presence of drops of working fluids
(vegetable oil, vacuum oil, distilled water, bioglycerol)
on the surface of the anode
of additional heating of fluid because of the low power
of the discharge. The strongest impact on fluids was
observed in case of liquids with low electrical
conductivity: vacuum oil and vegetable oil. When
corona discharge was switched on the liquid drops were
dispersed into a large number of droplets (Fig. 3). They
spread in directions perpendicular to the cathode.
a
b
Fig. 3. Reaction of vacuum oil to discharge:
a – discharge is “off”; b – discharge is “on”
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №1(95) 241
The liquid droplets size change indicates a decrease
of the surface tension value. The experiment with liquid
stearin was the confirmation of electric nature of
liquid’s response to corona discharge. Changes, which
are induced in the molted stearin and dielectric liquids
in response to discharge, are identical (Fig. 4).
Metal plate installed over the molten stearin
provides shielding from the charged particles stream
generated by cathode tip. A shielded part of stearin did
not disperse during the experiment (Fig. 5). This is
confirmed by the patterns formed by cooled down
stearin during the experiment. The area previously
shielded by plate was clearly marked out by the large
concentration of stearin.
The study of plasma assisted combustion of paraffin
and its mixtures [6-8] has shown that plasma increases
the flame temperature during combustion. Therefore, it
was decided to examine the effects of low power
electrical discharge on the burning process of stearin.
The investigations of burning rate of stearin depending
on charged particles flow was conducted using stearin
pieces with an average weight of 4.0 ± 0.5 mg.
Combustion process was recorded on video. Its analysis
allowed to determine the burning substance. The mean
time of complete stearin combustion with switched off
corona was 4.5 ± 0.5 s (Fig. 6,a). When corona
discharge was engaged full combustion time changed to
3.5 ± 0.5 s (Fig. 6,b). It should be noted that the
discharge provided destabilizing effect on the flame,
therefore it was more difficult to ignite the samples with
gas lighter.
a
b
Fig. 4. Stearin: top – frozen without discharge
processing and shielding plate; bottom – frozen during
discharge processing without shielding plate
a
b
c
d
Fig. 5. Stearin with shielded plate: a, c – during the
discharge processing; b, d – frozen during the
discharge processing
242 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №1(95)
a
b
Fig. 6. Stearin combustion: a – discharge is “off”;
b – discharge is “on”
The flame of stearin had a bigger diameter (see
Fig. 6) at the presence of the discharge. It indicates the
more effective spraying of stearin.
CONCLUSIONS
The interaction of charged particles with the surface
of a liquid affect its surface tension, effectively reducing
it in case of liquids with low electrical conductivity.
Reduced surface tension of distilled water in response to
corona discharge increases water evaporation rate.
The presence of corona discharge reduces the time
of stearin combustion by 20% comparing to its absence.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was partially supported by the Ministry of
Education and Science of Ukraine, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv.
REFERENCES
1. O.A. Nedybaliuk, V.Ya. Chernyak, S.V. Olszewski.
Plasma-liquid system with reverse vortex flow of
“TORNADO” type (TORNADO-LE) // Problems of
Atomic Science and Technology. 2010, № 6, p. 135-137.
2. O.A. Nedybaliuk, V.Ya. Chernyak, S.V. Olszewski,
E.V. Martysh. Dynamic Plasma-Liquid System with
Discharge in Reverse Vortex Flow of “Tornado” Type //
International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science
and Technology. 2011, v. 5, p. 20-24.
3. O.A. Nedybaliuk, O.V. Solomenko, V.Ya. Chernyak,
E.V. Martysh, I.I. Fedirchyk, I.V. Prysiazhnevych. The
properties of plasma-liquid system with one liquid
electrode // Problems of Atomic Science and
Technology. 2013, № 4, p. 209-212.
4. G. Plante. Electrical Phenomena in the Atmosphere.
Paris, 1891.
5. A.F. Aleksandrov, V.L. Bychkov, D.V. Bychkov , et
al. Electrohydrodynamic Peculiarities of Corona
Discharge Interaction with a Liquid Surface // Moscow
University Physics Bulletin. 2011, v. 66, № 4, p. 390-
397.
6. O.A. Nedybaliuk, V.Ya. Chernyak, S.V. Olszewski,
et al. Plasma assisted combustion of paraffin //
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. 2011,
№ 1, p. 104-106.
7. O.A. Nedybaliuk, V.Ya. Chernyak, E.V. Martysh, et
al. Plasma assisted combustion of paraffin mixture //
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series
“Plasma Physics” (19). 2013, № 1, p. 219-221.
8. V.Ya. Chernyak et al. Plasma assisted combustion of
paraffin // 19
th
Symposium on Physics of Switching Arc.
2011, FSO. 2011, p. 141-144.
Article received 20.12.2014
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПЛАЗМЫ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТНОЕ НАТЯЖЕНИЕ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ
И.И. Федирчик, О.А. Недыбалюк, Л.Ю. Вэргун, С.Г. Орловская, М.С. Шкоропадо
Представлены результаты серии экспериментов с коронным разрядом по исследованию влияния плазмы
на поверхностное натяжение жидких углеводородов и дистиллированной воды. Показано влияние
заряженных частиц на поверхностное натяжение жидкости с различной электропроводностью. Измерены
вольт-амперные характеристики коронного разряда. Показано, что поток заряженных частиц приводит к
фрагментации жидкости с низкой электропроводностью на мелкие капли. Исследовано влияние коронного
разряда на скорость сгорания стеарина.
ВПЛИВ ПЛАЗМИ НА ПОВЕРХНЕВИЙ НАТЯГ ВУГЛЕВОДНІВ
І.І. Федірчик, О.А. Недибалюк, Л.Ю. Вергун, С.Г. Орловська, М.С. Шкоропадо
Представлено результати серії експериментів з коронним розрядом за дослідженнями впливу плазми на
поверхневий натяг рідких вуглеводнів та дистильованої води. Показано вплив заряджених частинок на
поверхневий натяг рідини з різною електропровідністю. Виміряно вольт-амперні характеристики коронного
розряду. Показано, що потік заряджених частинок призводить до фрагментації рідини з низькою
електропровідністю на дрібні краплини. Досліджено вплив коронного розряду на швидкість згорання
стеарину.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-82245 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-30T12:05:15Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Fedirchyk, I.I. Nedybaliuk, O.A. Vergun, L.Yu. Orlovskaya, S.G. Shkoropado, M.S. 2015-05-27T09:26:47Z 2015-05-27T09:26:47Z 2015 Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons / I.I. Fedirchyk, O.A. Nedybaliuk, L.Yu. Vergun, S.G. Orlovskaya, M.S. Shkoropado // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 1. — С. 239-242. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 50., 52., 52.50.Dg https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82245 The results of studying of plasma influence on the surface tension of liquid hydrocarbons and distilled water during experiments with corona discharge are presented. The charged particles influence on the surface tension of fluids with different electrical conductivity is demonstrated. Current-voltage characteristics of corona discharge are measured. It is shown that the flow of charged particles leads to fragmentation of liquids with low conductivity into small droplets. The effect of corona discharge on the stearin combustion rate is investigated. Представлены результаты серии экспериментов с коронным разрядом по исследованию влияния плазмы на поверхностное натяжение жидких углеводородов и дистиллированной воды. Показано влияние заряженных частиц на поверхностное натяжение жидкости с различной электропроводностью. Измерены вольт-амперные характеристики коронного разряда. Показано, что поток заряженных частиц приводит к фрагментации жидкости с низкой электропроводностью на мелкие капли. Исследовано влияние коронного разряда на скорость сгорания стеарина. Представлено результати серії експериментів з коронним розрядом за дослідженнями впливу плазми на поверхневий натяг рідких вуглеводнів та дистильованої води. Показано вплив заряджених частинок на поверхневий натяг рідини з різною електропровідністю. Виміряно вольт-амперні характеристики коронного розряду. Показано, що потік заряджених частинок призводить до фрагментації рідини з низькою електропровідністю на дрібні краплини. Досліджено вплив коронного розряду на швидкість згорання стеарину. This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons Влияние плазмы на поверхностное натяжение углеводородов Вплив плазми на поверхневий натяг вуглеводнів Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons Fedirchyk, I.I. Nedybaliuk, O.A. Vergun, L.Yu. Orlovskaya, S.G. Shkoropado, M.S. Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| title | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| title_alt | Влияние плазмы на поверхностное натяжение углеводородов Вплив плазми на поверхневий натяг вуглеводнів |
| title_full | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| title_fullStr | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| title_short | Influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| title_sort | influence of plasma on surface tension of hydrocarbons |
| topic | Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| topic_facet | Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82245 |
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