Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge
The possibility of microsecond duration powerful electron flows formation in the channel of high current arc discharge at atmosphere pressure has been experimentally demonstrated. The flow of electrons is formed at applying the high voltage pulse to the plasma source after plasma ejection and the pr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Datum: | 2000 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2000
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| Zitieren: | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge / Yu.Ya. Volkolupov, Yu.E. Kolyada, M.A. Krasnogolovets, I.N. Onishchenko, V.I. Fedun // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2000. — № 3. — С. 125-127. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859988148379975680 |
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| author | Volkolupov, Yu.Ya. Kolyada, Yu.E. Krasnogolovets, M.A. Onishchenko, I.N. Fedun, V.I. |
| author_facet | Volkolupov, Yu.Ya. Kolyada, Yu.E. Krasnogolovets, M.A. Onishchenko, I.N. Fedun, V.I. |
| citation_txt | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge / Yu.Ya. Volkolupov, Yu.E. Kolyada, M.A. Krasnogolovets, I.N. Onishchenko, V.I. Fedun // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2000. — № 3. — С. 125-127. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The possibility of microsecond duration powerful electron flows formation in the channel of high current arc discharge at atmosphere pressure has been experimentally demonstrated. The flow of electrons is formed at applying the high voltage pulse to the plasma source after plasma ejection and the pressure decreasing. Because the acceleration by the electric field prevails over the friction force due to collisions the conditions for arising of running electrons are fulfilled.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:30:21Z |
| format | Article |
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Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. 2000. N 3. Series: Plasma Physics (5). p. 125-127 125
UDC 621.384
FORMATION OF THE HIGH-INTENSITY MICROSECOND
FLOW OF ELECTRONS IN THE CHANNEL OF
HIGH PRESSURE ARC DISCHARGE
Yu.Ya. Volkolupov∗∗, Yu.E. Kolyada, M.A. Krasnogolovets∗∗, I.N. Onishchenko∗∗∗∗, V.I. Fedun
Priazovsky State Technical University
∗∗Kharkov Technical University of Radio-Electronics
∗∗National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics & Technology”
Academic St. 1, Kharkov, 61108, Ukraine
E-mail: onish@kipt.kharkov.ua
The possibility of microsecond duration powerful electron flows formation in the channel of high current arc
discharge at atmosphere pressure has been experimentally demonstrated. The flow of electrons is formed at
applying the high voltage pulse to the plasma source after plasma ejection and the pressure decreasing. Because the
acceleration by the electric field prevails over the friction force due to collisions the conditions for arising of
running electrons are fulfilled.
1. INTRODUCTION
For the solution of some application problems with
electron beams using, such as radiation performance,
polymerization, modification of surface properties of
materials, the necessity of electron beam output into
atmosphere is of a great importance. This goal usually
achieved by separation of a vacuum chamber of the
accelerator and atmosphere by a thin metal foil or
application of a complex system of the differential
vacuum pumping. More perspective for these purposes
can appear the methods of electrom flow producing
directly in atmospheric conditions.
In [1-4] the formation of fast electrons flow was
experimentally investigated and X-ray radiation was
registrated at the initial stage of the spark discharge in
atmospheric air. The pulse duration of the flow was ~
10 ns at voltages of hundred kV.
In contrast to nanosecond pulse of electron flow
obtained early in [1-4] in the resent work the
experimental results are represented on the formation
of microsecnd electron flow in thechannel of high-
current arc discharge of the plasma accelarator at
applying of additional high voltage pulse. Plasma
accelerator is working in atmospheric conditions.
2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The scheme of the experiment is presented in Fig.
1. The plasma accelerator (PA) (right part of Fig. 1) is
performed from a thick-walled (~ 1sm) dielectric tube
of length 40sm with inner diameter 8mm and two
electrodes - rod and ring ones. Distance between them
is ~10sm. As a power supply the capacity energy store
Ñ2=1.510-3F was with working voltage 5kV.
The construction and operation of the similar
accelerator is explicitly described in [7]. The discharge
between electrodes was initiated by high-voltage (~100
kV) pulse with duration at bottom ~ 5µs. The
inductance L=0.3 µH prevented with transiting of a
trigger pulse in a chain of an accumulator.
After breakdown of the interelectrode gap a power
discharge of a capacity accumulator took place. More
than 60 % of an accumulated energy transferred in an
energy of a plasma bunch.
Fig. 1 The scheme of the experiment. PA - plasma
accelerator, C2 - capacity bank, 5kV - voltage on
bank, L - separating inductance, 100kV - high-
voltage pulse, C1, R, P1, P2 - circuit elements of the
Marx-generator, 125kV - voltage of the generator.
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
The specific feature of operation of such
accelerator is that after forming of a power electric arc
and injection of a dense plasma bunch in a surrounding
medium, the pressure in the channel of discharge rises
up to 100àtm, then the wave of rarefaction follows and
the pressure at the end of pulse reduces up to
magnitude much below the atmospheric pressure. It can
constitute 1-5 Òîrr).
126
In Fig. 2 the oscillograms of voltage and discharge
current are represented. The pulse duration reaches
1.4µs; the maximum of a current constitutes the
magnitude 4kÀ. As follows from the data analysis of
oscillograms, after the discharge finishing on the
electrodes of condensers of an accumulator the
residual voltage up to 2 kV is fixed. In Fig. 3 the
specific dependence of resistance of the discharge
channel on time obtained at handling and averaging of
ten volt-ampere characteristics is represented. It is
seen that to the end of pulse the resistance increases
sharply. Such situation can arise only at transition of
the discharge to the left-hand branch of the Pashen
curve. This indicates the fact of considerable lowering
of pressure. Otherwise electric arc would not cease.
Fig. 2. Oscillograms of a current and voltage of
plasma accelerator.
Fig. 3. The dependency of resistance of the discharge
channel of the plasma accelerator upon time.
In this instant the negative pulse of high voltage,
formed by the two-stage Marx generator (the left part
of Fig. 1) was applied to interelectrode gap. Parameters
of circuit elements: Ñ1=0.64µF, R=48êΩ, Ð1- starting
discharger, P2- separating discharger. The charging of
generator sections was carried out with the voltage
125kV, and on the load (interelectrode gap PA) the
voltage pulse 250kV was formed. Besides the
inductance L prevented transition of short pulse of high
voltage in the chain of accumulator C2. The action of
high-voltage pulse on a discharge gap of the plasma
accelerator being in this instant at lowered pressure,
resulted in electrons flow. In oscillograms of Fig. 4.
There are represented the current in a chain of
discharge of the Marx generator – a, (current was
measured by Rogovski belt); voltage applied to
accelerating gap - b; ; X-ray radiation registered by a
crystal with the photoelectron multiplier - c; and
detected HF-signal – d; that is registered by a cut-off
horn antenna in the wave band 3-10sm. Sweeping speed
of oscillograph - 5µs/div. Sensitivity of current ray –
1kÀ/div, voltage ray – 125kV/div. From the analysis of
represented oscillograms the fact of forming of a
microsecond pulse of implies with parameters: current
~1kÀ, energy ~ 200keV. It should note, that the
forming of electrons flow is preceded by a power
electric arc in the channel, that heats the emitter (rod
electrode) up to melting point. It causes, most
probably, termo-electron emission.
Fig. 4. Experimental results: à - current in a chain of
the Marx generator, b - voltage applied to
accelerating gap of the plasma accelerator, c - X-ray
radiation, d – HF radiation in wave band 3-10sm.
Sensitivity of rays of the oscillograph: current –
1kÀ/div, voltage – 125kV/div, sweeping speed of
oscillograph - 5µs/div.
4. DISCUSSION
The formation of the flow is conditioned by the
effect of electrons running [5,6]. For the nonrelativistic
electron this phenomenon will take place, if the
friction (drag) force is less, than electrostatic force
caused by an action of an outer accelerating field. In
this case the friction force is caused by ionization
losses and is described by the known Beta – Blokh
formula:
I
2
ln
8
Zen
)(F
2
0
4
0 ∈
∈
−=∈
πε
(1)
127
where e - electron charge,∈ - its kinetic energy, n0 -
density of gas molecules, Z - atomic number, I -
averaged energy of inelastic losses, −0ε permittivity
of vacuum. The value of a critical field Ek, above of
which the running (escaping) electrons appear, is
defined from expression:
I72,24
Zne
E
2
0
0
3
êð
×
=
πε
(2)
The relation (2) can be conversed [6] to the
formula, more convenient for practical estimations:
I
Z
1088.3
P
E 3êð
×= (3)
in which value P
Eêð and I are measured in
cmTorr
V and eV, accordingly. Iair = 15 - 80 eV.
The estimation of magnitude of the ration P
Eêð
from the formula (3) allows making a conclusion about
the possibility of the effect of electrons escaping
(running) at experimental conditions.
As the pressure in the discharge channel during the
plasma accelerator operation is reducing up to
magnitude ~ 1-5Òîrr and the averaged magnitude of an
electric field strength ~ 20kV/cm, so in experiment
conditions P
E ~ (0.4-2) 104 cmTorr
V .The
value P
Eêð for air, calculated by the formula (3), is
equal (0.8-3.5) 103 cmTorr
V , that appears
considerably lower than values obtained in the
experiments.
4. SUMMARY
Thus, as a result of the performed investigations the
possibility of forming of a power flow of electrons of
microsecond duration in high-current electric arc not
in vacuum conditions is shown.
REFERENCES
1. Yu.L. Stankevich, N.S. Kalinin // USSR
SECTIONALS. 1967. V..177, ¹1, p. 72-73
1. R.C. Noggle, E.P. Kriger, I.R. Way Land\. // J.
Appl. Phys. 1968, V. 39, ¹10, p.4746-4748.
2. L.V. Tarasova, L.N.Hudyakova, T.V.Lojko, V.A.
Zukerman // JTP (Rus) 1974. V.44, p. 564-568
3. P.A. Bohan, G.V. Kolbychev // JTP (Rus) 1981.
V..51, No.9, p. 1823-1831
4. A.V. Gurevich // JETP (Rus) 1960. V. 39, No.5
(11), P. 1296 -1301.
5. Yu.D. Korolev, G.A. Mesyats // Physics of pulsed
breakdown of gases., Ì:, Science, 1991, 224 p.
6. I.A. Glebov, F.G. Rutberg // Power plasma
generators. Ì:, Energoatomizdat, 1985, 264p.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-82397 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:30:21Z |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Volkolupov, Yu.Ya. Kolyada, Yu.E. Krasnogolovets, M.A. Onishchenko, I.N. Fedun, V.I. 2015-05-29T08:48:13Z 2015-05-29T08:48:13Z 2000 Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge / Yu.Ya. Volkolupov, Yu.E. Kolyada, M.A. Krasnogolovets, I.N. Onishchenko, V.I. Fedun // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2000. — № 3. — С. 125-127. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82397 621.384 The possibility of microsecond duration powerful electron flows formation in the channel of high current arc discharge at atmosphere pressure has been experimentally demonstrated. The flow of electrons is formed at applying the high voltage pulse to the plasma source after plasma ejection and the pressure decreasing. Because the acceleration by the electric field prevails over the friction force due to collisions the conditions for arising of running electrons are fulfilled. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Вeams in Plasma Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge Volkolupov, Yu.Ya. Kolyada, Yu.E. Krasnogolovets, M.A. Onishchenko, I.N. Fedun, V.I. Вeams in Plasma |
| title | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| title_full | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| title_fullStr | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| title_short | Formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| title_sort | formation of the high-intensity microsecond flow of electrons in the channel of high pressure arc discharge |
| topic | Вeams in Plasma |
| topic_facet | Вeams in Plasma |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/82397 |
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