The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility
The article presents the optimization model of the allocation of daily working time fund per person with the use of the theory of marginal utility. The use of the suggested approach helps to define the optimal daily working hours as well as to solve the inverse problem of fixing the appropriate stan...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Економічний вісник Донбасу |
|---|---|
| Datum: | 2014 |
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online Zugang: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/87625 |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Zitieren: | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility / V.V. Shevchenko, V.M. Inyakin // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2014. — № 4(38). — С. 159-165. — Бібліогр.: 19 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860204313062670336 |
|---|---|
| author | Shevchenko, V.V. Inyakin, V.M. |
| author_facet | Shevchenko, V.V. Inyakin, V.M. |
| citation_txt | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility / V.V. Shevchenko, V.M. Inyakin // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2014. — № 4(38). — С. 159-165. — Бібліогр.: 19 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Економічний вісник Донбасу |
| description | The article presents the optimization model of the allocation of daily working time fund per person with the use of the theory of marginal utility. The use of the suggested approach helps to define the optimal daily working hours as well as to solve the inverse problem of fixing the appropriate standard wages as a an incentive to daily productive labour. The suggested approach would be effective for the workplaces assessment at the enterprise to reveal the workforce potential.
В статті розроблено оптимізаційну модель розподілу добового фонду часу окремого індивіда звикористанням теорії граничної корисності. Використання запропонованого підходу дозволяє не тільки знаходити оптимальну тривалість робочого часу працівника, але і вирішувати протилежне завдання - встановлювати необхідний рівень оплати праці працівника з метою стимулювання його до інтенсивної праці протягом робочої доби. Запропонований підхід доцільно використовувати в процесі атестації робочих місць на підприємстві з метою виявлення можливих резервів підвищення ефективності використання трудових ресурсів.
В статье разработана оптимизационная модель распределения суточного фонда времени отдельного индивида с использованием теории предельной полезности. Использование предложенного подхода позволяет не только определять оптимальную продолжительность рабочего дня работника, но и решать обратную задачу - устанавливать необходимый уровень оплаты труда работника с целью стимулирования его к интенсивному производительному труду в течение рабочего дня. Предложенный подход было бы целесообразно использовать в процессе аттестации рабочих мест на предприятии с целью выявления возможных резервов повышения эффективности использования трудовых ресурсов.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:11:41Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
159
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
UDC 330.4+303.09
V. V. Shevchenko,
Donetsk National Technical University,
V. M. Inyakin,
Institute of industrial economics NASUkraine, Kyiv
THE OPTIMIZATION MODEL OF WORKING TIME FUND ALLOCATION
IN THE THEORY OF MARGINAL UTILITY
Today Ukrainian economy is in the state of severe
crisis. The hopes of the 1990s for the thriving market
economy failed. The attempts to put the state economy
on market platform, to privatize state-owned enterpris-
es, to liberalize prices were all vain. Different political
forces have always tried to promote their successful
economic policy when proclaiming rapid growth of
state economy in their time. But the long-run compara-
tive study leads to deplorable results. Comparative
sampling statistics on selective economic sectors over
the period of 1970-2010 [1,2] bear witness to the eco-
nomic hardship of Ukrainian (see Table 1).
Table 1
Selective commodity production output in Ukraine over the period of 1970-2010
Commodity list Unit of
measurement
Years
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Electrical power generation billion
kWh
137,6 236,0 298,5 171,4 188,8
Iron ore and concentrates out-
put
million
tons
111,0 125,0 105,0 55,9 78,5
Flour production thousand
tons
7526 7485 7671 3076 2632
Iron production million
tons
41,4 46,5 44,9 25,7 27,4
Steel production million
tons
46,2 49,9 48,5 25,8 17,5
Agricultural sector tractors
production
thousand
units
148 136 106 4,0 5,2
The data analysis in Table 1 shows that the eco-
nomic collapse in Ukraine in the late 1990s had disas-
trous consequences. Those losses have not been cov-
ered yet. Despite the positive dynamic of the produc-
tion output in Ukraine over the past ten years, Ukraini-
an economy has not reached the level of maturity of
1970-80s yet.
The given situation provokes scientists-
economists into analyzing the causes of the economic
emergency state along with the ways to overcome this
crisis. The following causes are given: major blunders
in home and foreign policies (including economic poli-
cy) made by the government and the head of the state,
the lack of investment, economic and political instabil-
ity, ineffective legislative and regulatory framework
etc. The given conclusion has reasonable grounds. The
results of the analysis are to logically lead to the search
of realistic well-grounded ways out of the situation. In
this regard the scientists and politicians are not unani-
mous as for the solution.
One of the causes of unsatisfactory economic state
is due to the ignorance about low workforce productiv-
ity and the absence of the relative incentive mecha-
nism. In spite of the extensive scientific research into
this problem, the comprehensive management of la-
bour concept has not been developed to perfectly fit
into Ukrainian market environment. The existing for-
eign experience does not demonstrate the single ap-
proach to solve the problem albeit the developed coun-
tries achieved much more results in tackling the ques-
tions of well-grounded standards of wages and social
security. This statement is supported by the data of
Table 2. The countries under analysis were chosen
according to the compatibility of the number of their
population (except for the Russian Federation). The
low remuneration of labour rate in Ukraine to a great
extent comes from the low level of workforce produc-
tivity and the high level of energy and material con-
sumption in the industries.
Despite the above said selective analysis of the
relative figures in Ukraine and developed countries
(Table 3) shows that developed countries outperform
Ukraine by remuneration of labour rate.
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
160
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
Table 2
Comparative figures in Ukraine and developed countries over 2010
Countries
Population,
million people
Unemployment
rate
%
GDP per
person,
US dollar
Salary,
US dollar
Ukraine 45,7 8,1 6055 282,2
The United Kingdom 62,2 7,8 32459 3930,41
Spain 46,1 20,1 26967 3059,61
Italy 60,5 8,4 27081 3200,21
Canada 34,1 8,0 35445 3590,4
Poland 38,2 9,6 17342 1069,9
France 64,9 9,7 29598 4001,21
The Russian Federation 141,8 7,5 14166 698,5
1 – according to 2009 [2].
Table 3
Relative GDP figures and salaries in different countries in 2010
Countries Relative excess
GDP per person
Relative excess of salary
of an employee
Ukraine 1,00 1,00
The United Kingdom 5,36 13,93
Spain 4,45 10,8
Italy 4,47 11,34
Canada 5,85 12,72
Poland 2,86 3,79
France 4,89 14,18
The Russian Federation 2,34 2,47
Table 3 makes it clear that the excess of employ-
ee’s salary significantly outruns the figure of the excess
of GDP per person in the majority of the developed
countries. In the United Kingdom the GDP rate per
person is 5,36 times more than in Ukraine and as far as
the salary rate concerns, the excess comes to 13,93.
Poland and the Russian Federation have the smallest
differences as the post-soviet states undergo similar
problems and tendencies when establishing market
economy. To a large extent the given problem has the
nature of “vicious circle”: the low remuneration of
labour rate leads to the low workforce productivity and
vice versa the low workforce productivity gives no
chance to salary growth. Consequently the problem of
effective incentive for the staff productivity under the
market-based circumstances is critical for Ukrainian
economy. The author suggests solving that problem by
means of the theory of marginal utility.
The theory of marginal utility appeared at the end
of the 19th century. This theory contradicted the fun-
damental principles of the the labour theory of value by
K. Marx. Scientific research conducted in this direction
was characterized by soviet ideologists as “apologetic”,
“bourgeois”, “vulgar” and “pseudoscientific”. That
attitude undergoes sustainable change, and the works
by Carl Menger, Eugen von Böhm Bawerk, Friedrich
von Wieser, Joseph Schumpeter, Antuan Auguste
Walras, Alfred Marshall and other scientists become
the benchmarks for the research of our scientists-
economists. In Ukraine the methodological issues of
the theory of marginal utility have been lately in focus
of S.V.Glivenko [3], I.D.Pogorelovska [4], N.N.Ivanov
[5], I.V.Golovataya [6, 7], Y.V Petrovskaya [8], A.M.
Zaytseva [9], M.I. Kernitskaya [10], M.M.Artus
[11,12], M.F.Goncharenko [13], I.V.Pinchuk [14] and
others. Still the potential of the theory of marginal
utility is not currently used in full swing. First of all it
concerns practical issues.
There is no doubt that the theory of marginal utili-
ty is not a perfect instrument and has some obvious
disadvantages to work on. The theory of marginal
utility has yet to tackle the questions that have been
previously ignored by Marxist economics. These are
the following questions:
1. Classic barter trade on the market platform is
voluntary-driven partnership model. If according to
the labour theory of value only the commodity of equal
value can be the subject to barter, then we ask: “Why
does this barter take place?”. Karl Marx deviated from
that question himself, believing that “The use values of
the commodity make the subject to special discipline –
commodity science” [15]. The given statement makes
the process of use value assessment on market platform
almost useless. Having assessed all the labour results,
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
161
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
it is possible to define the “real” (or socially necessary)
value of commodity, but we cannot answer the ques-
tion if the customer going to buy this commodity. On
condition of waiting for the “market recognition” of the
commodity the assessment of labour value of the
commodity loses its significance. At the same time the
theory of marginal utility makes it possible to achieve
so called “demand curves”.
2. The statement of barter trade on equal value ba-
sis does not explain the mechanism of setting monopo-
ly price from the economic perspective. Despite the
fact that the theory of pricing under monopoly is stud-
ied by economics in detail, one of the questions is still
on the table: “Why do some consumers refuse to buy
commodity at monopoly price and why is this price
acceptable to the others?” Only the theory of marginal
utility has the answer to this question.
3. Labour theory of value presupposes that during
the employment the capitalist acquires the commodity
of special type – workforce. At the same time the ques-
tion of the intensive use of this commodity (the ques-
tion of intensive labour) is completely ignored. Reject-
ing all the contrary points of view in the theory, Marx-
ist economics was yet bound to acknowledge the im-
portance of incentive mechanisms. The assumption that
wages are the price of labour but not of the workforce
has been interpreted as sacrilege. At the same time the
theory of marginal utility has sufficient theoretical
basis to prove the relation between the salary rate and
the rate of workforce productivity.
The classic economics has not had the unanimous
approach in tackling the contradictory question of ef-
fective staff motivation. There is no single defined and
shaped opinion on this issue in classic economic study
as well as among the modern scientists. We can single
out several streams in the works of prominent authors:
1. Adam Smith (1723-1790) focuses on the differ-
ences between piece wages and time wages in his work
«An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of
nations» (1776) in chapter 8 of the Book 1, dedicated
to the questions of wages and salaries, he describes the
situations, when profitable piece wages stimulate
workmen so that they exhaust themselves with work
and “are very apt to overwork themselves, and to ruin
their health and constitution in a few years.” [16, P.75].
That insight brought Smith to the conclusion that time
wages are more preferable as the workman gets fixed
wages for previously determined task. That Smith’s
assumption may yet be regarded as contradictory from
the point of view of work overloads liquidation.
2. Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856 –1915) was
one of the first management consultants and pioneers
of scientific management. In his work “The Principles
of Scientific Management”, Taylor cast the new light
on the contrary tendency, which he called “soldiering”
[17, P.226-236]. That was common practice that took
place when the workmen were “deliberately working
slowly so as to avoid doing a full day's work” [17,
С.227]. It is quite transparent in his work that Taylor
highly doubts the effective monitoring of the manage-
ment in order to liquidate the “loafing or soldiering”
tendency. Taylor gives the illustrative answer of some
master when monitoring the site “Well, I can keep
them from sitting down, but the devil can't make them
get a move on while they are at work!”[17, P.231].
This way Taylor admitted that without motivation
workers would always slow down the productive ca-
pacity of work.
3. Max Weber (1864-1920) in his work “The
Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism” (1905)
shows the differences in the attitudes of separate work-
ers: either to be extremely devoted to their craft and
earn a lot or to earn enough to satisfy their traditionally
established needs [18, P.80-81]. In Weber’s opinion
the attitude of the workman to labour is dictated by
inner ethical, cultural and religious factors: the
Protestants, being under their religious beliefs, meet
the needs of capitalistic society. That is why Protestant
descendants are more successful in business. Statistical
data supports Weber’s view and gives his position
reasonable ground. At the same time Tom Bethel pro-
vides numerous facts that disapprove the priority of
institute of religion. Bethel gives the institute of prop-
erty the primary position under the conditions of mar-
ket economy and he is very persuasive stating that
under the equal conditions enterprise and organization,
established on the basis of collective property, are less
effective than private enterprises [19, P.51-65].
The defined problems were given careful study
both by foreign and “home” scientists. Significant
results were achieved when tackling the problems that
occurred under different conditions. One of the results
of the research on this platform was the assumption of
the absence of a universal method. It means that the
solvation of particular problems and the generation of
the relevant practical recommendations can be realized
on the scientific basis but have its individual nature.
The basic tasks of the present article are the fol-
lowing:
- the analysis and the grounds of the possibility
and rationale to apply the theory of marginal utility in
order to give the reason to wise allocation of the re-
sources (time in particular) for achieving maximum
utility;
- the analysis of the optimization of the working
day time in the context of the theory of marginal utili-
ty;
- the development of the model to apply the theo-
ry of marginal utility when performing the tasks to
optimize time allocation;
- the approbation of the developed model under
real conditions.
The basic idea of the research given in the article
can be formulated the following way. The process of
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
162
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
the employment can be overlooked as a certain act of
the resources (commodity) exchange and each of them
has particular value for a person: a person exchanges a
piece of his spare time (which has its value) for some
material reward (which also has its value). Standing on
the ground of the theory of marginal utility it is possi-
ble to state that the given exchange is possible till the
total utility of spare time exceeds the utility of total
money reward. It means that one can define the optimal
allocation of total daily time fund of a person where the
total utility of the labour reward and the useful time left
will be maximal.
The author makes the following assumptions dur-
ing the research:
1. It is admitted in the classic the theory of mar-
ginal utility that the marginal utility lessens with yet
another item of benefit. Despite that the statement is
not correct enough. For the majority of the material
benefits the marginal utility of the benefit initially
grows and then goes down. That is why it is more rea-
sonable to apply the quadratic but not the linear de-
pendence for the mathematical description of the total
utility of the benefit. The application of the quadratic
dependence explains the fact that the unlimited use of
the benefits provokes the total result of this use (utility)
to fall rather than grow (benefit excesses do harm). The
application of the linear dependence makes the mathe-
matical tools of the analyzed models less complicated.
In that case one should previously agree on the admis-
sible determination domain i.e. the interval of argu-
ment range where utility function can be regarded as
linear dependence.
2. When the process of the exchange of spare time
for the labour reward is considered, it is important to
keep it in mind that to ensure the minimal level of
physiological survival man needs some minimum of
primary benefits. He needs time to sleep and money to
meet immediate life demands (food, accommodation).
In this regard when conducting the research it is neces-
sary to exclude this time from the model for the sake of
its accuracy. The given assumption leads to the critical
conclusion that the utility of one and the same benefit
cannot be overlooked on the whole scale of its use.
3.When considering the “value” of working time
it is indispensable to take into account the intensifica-
tion of a working process that in its turn leads to the
change of workforce productivity.
The labour theory of value focuses on two types
of labour: simple and complicated. Certain amount of
complicated labour can be treated as equal by its value
to certain bigger amount of simple labour.
The cost of an hour of a complicated labour grew
on account of training and preparation etc. The experi-
ence admits the influence of different types of motiva-
tion when one and the same person performs his task
more or less actively. We should bear in mind the fact
that the modern economy has different industrial pro-
cesses that can be divided into two groups according to
this quality:
1) the processes that accept the intensification of
industrial process;
2) the processes that do not accept the intensifica-
tion of workforce labour exploitation.
4. The given article focuses exclusively on the sit-
uation of hired labour. This restriction makes it possi-
ble for the research to cut any other institutes ( proper-
ty, cooperation, corporate management etc), that can
affect basic factors, influencing the value of the re-
sources under analysis: option of extra benefit, option
to invest some amount of money the employee earned,
the intensification of the labour.
5. Quadratic form of the dependence of marginal
utility is satisfactory only for such types of benefits
that can be regarded as primary (or vital). At the same
time some types of the secondary benefits that have
social nature cannot be described with the help of
quadratic equations. The utility of such types of bene-
fits is constantly on the increase and at the same time
the speed of utility is constantly on the decrease.
The present article focuses on the optimization of
the daily time fund allocation of one person for the
following sectors: sleep, rest (spare time), and the work
aiming at labour reward. The modeling of the utility
function of the benefits under analysis was presented
by the following functions:
1. Sleep utility function:
Us = 25·х – 1,56·х2 (1)
2. Rest utility function:
Ur = 12,5·х – 0,39·х2 (2)
3. Wages utility function:
Uw=
хТе −+1
100
(3)
х – time, that a person spends to receive certain
type of benefit;
t – active time when an employee earns minimum
living wages.
Dependences (1)-(3) are presented below on
Fig. 1.
Graph 1 illustrates the dependence that has partic-
ular qualities:
1. Sleep utility function and rest utility function
are presented in the form of quadratic dependences.
For such benefit like sleep, maximum of the benefit
utility (100%) is reached at t=8h and maximum of rest
benefit utility is reached at t=16h. There is no doubt
that the given figures for separate people can change,
but the model gives average figures.
2. Wages utility function is presented by sigmoid
(logistic curve) and t value was taken equal from 1 to
16 hours in other words the workforce productivity
level can vary in significant range.
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
163
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
Fig 1. Dependences of the utility level of different types of benefits
The above given model is the result of optimiza-
tion calculations performed in Excel spreadsheets.
Here we solve the task of the maximization of the total
integrated utility for a person at common daily time
fund restriction of 24 hours. Table 4 and Fig. 2 illus-
trate the results of the calculations. The following
conclusions can be drawn on the basis of Table 4 and
Fig. 2:
− at the maximum utility level equal to 300, the
achieved utility will be less, that is explained by the
24-hour restriction of daily time fund;
− the optimal working time of one employee al-
ways exceed the active time that covers minimum
standard of living;
− the optimal sleep time along with the optimal
spare time grow progressively as the workforce
productivity grows;
− in case of low workforce productivity optimal
sleep time and optimal rest time are reallocated in fa-
vour of sleep (this conclusion does not contradict the
reality as it is).
The research covered in the article resulted in the
following conclusions:
1. The research given in the article is grounded on
the statistical average data. Actual value of the recom-
mendations will be much higher, if the analogous re-
search is conducted for different categories of employ-
ees with the identified wages rate. Analogous approach
can be also applied to the environments of the selected
sectors and enterprises.
Table 4
The variants of optimal daily working time fund allocation
in relation to the workforce productivity level
The active time that covers min-
imum standard of living, hour
The optimal
sleep time, hour
The optimal rest
time, hour
The optimal work-
ing time, hour
The total inte-
grated utility
1 7,1 12,4 4,5 290
2 6,9 11,7 5,4 288
3 6,8 11,1 6,1 284
4 6,6 10,4 7,0 280
5 6,4 9,7 7,9 275
6 6,2 9,0 8,8 270
7 6,1 8,3 9,6 264
8 5,9 7,5 10,6 258
9 5,7 6,8 11,5 251
10 5,5 6,1 12,4 244
11 5,3 5,4 13,3 236
12 5,2 4,6 14,2 227
13 5,0 3,9 15,1 218
14 4,8 3,1 16,1 208
15 4,6 2,4 17,0 198
16 4,4 1,7 17,9 187
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
t, hours
U
ti
li
ty
l
ev
el
,
%
Sleep utility Rest utility Wages utility
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
164
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
Fig. 2. Optimal daily working time fund allocation
2. Standard of living figure significantly influ-
ences the figures in the model. Two critical points
should be considered when using it in the model:
- the accurate calculations for this figure in terms
of the specific environment;
- the compulsory use of the minimum wages value
figure in the model (basically, the wages must exceed
the minimum standard of living).
3. The subject of the further scientific research in
this direction is about the study of complex influence
of both wages rate and minimum standard of living rate
(or rather minimal wages rate) on optimal daily work-
ing hours of an employee.
On the ground of the conclusions the authors
reached they outlines the following suggestions and
recommendations along with the further research
trends:
1. The problem of the optimal working time fund
allocation is quite challenging and its successful solva-
tion needs the real environment of a particular enter-
prise.
2. The application of the developed model in the
particular enterprise environment presupposes the real
minimum wage rate identification for particular envi-
ronment: region, sector, enterprise, occupation etc.
3. The use of the suggested approach helps to de-
fine the optimal daily working hours as well as to solve
the inverse problem of fixing the appropriate standard
wages as a an incentive to daily productive labour. At
the same time in the environment of a particular enter-
prise managers get the chance to efficiently tap into
workforce potential in several ways:
- changing the working practices of the staff and
the daily working hours (under the existing legisla-
tion);
- changing the existing remuneration practices;
- optimizing the wage amount.
4. Advantageous line in further development of
the given model is in its expansion on account of the
introduction of the extra factor – the aptitude of an
employee (economically active person) for saving and
investment.
5. The suggested approach would be effective for
the workplaces assessment at the enterprise to reveal
the workforce potential.
References
1. Статистичний щорічник України за 2007
рік / Держкомстат України; [За ред. О.Г.Осауленка;
Відп. за ред. П.П.Забродський]. – К.: ТОВ «Видав-
ництво «Консультант», 2008. – 571 с. 2. Стати-
стичний щорічник України за 2011 рік / Держком-
стат України; [За ред. О.Г.Осауленка; Відп. за ред.
О.Е.Остапчук]. – К.: ТОВ «Август Трейд», 2012. –
558 с. 3. Гливенко С.В. Совершенствование учета
эколого-экономического ущерба в расчетах макро-
экономических показателей развития / Гливенко
С.В. // Вісник СумДУ, 2002, №10(43). - С.113-118.
4. Погорєловська І.Д. Питання оцінки та моделю-
вання інноваційних рішень / Погорєловська І.Д. -
Науковий вісник. Збірник наукових праць Україн-
ського фінансово-економічного інституту. - 1999. -
№ 2. - С.60 – 68. 5. Иванов Н.Н. Информационно-
сервисные системы в управлении сложными эко-
номическими объектами: [монография] / Иванов
Н.Н. – Донецк: ООО “Юго-Восток, Лтд”, 2005. –
252 с. 6. Головата I.В. Економiчна теорiя на ру-
бежi ХIX - XX сторiч: екскурс до психофізіології /
Головата I.В. // Науковi записки Тернопiльського
державного педагогiчного унiверситету ім. Воло-
димира Гнатюка. Серiя: економiка. - 2001.- Випуск
8. - С. 55-58. 7. Батура О.В. Теорiя цiнностi в оцiн-
ках українських економiстiв кiнця XIX - початку
XX століть / О.В.Батура, I.В. Головата. // Еко-
номiка України. - 2002. - № 7.- С. 57-61. 8. Петров-
ська Ю.В. Застосування нових методів планування
0
5
10
15
20
0 5 10 15 20
t, hour
O
p
ti
m
al
t
im
e,
h
io
u
r
Sleep time Rest time Working time
V. V. Shevchenko, V. M. Inyakin
165
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(38), 2014
на місцевому рівні як механізм оптимального вико-
ристання ресурсів регіону / Петровська Ю.В. //
Вісник Національного університету водного госпо-
дарства та природокористування (Економіка). Збір-
ник наукових праць. Випуск 1 (29). Рівне. 2005. –
С. 123 –131. 9. Зайцева А.М. Маркетинговые осно-
вы создания потребительской ценности товара /
Зайцева А.М. // Сб.”Модели управления в рыноч-
ной экономике”; общ. ред. Ю.Г.Лысенко; Донецкий
нац. ун-т. – Донецк: ДонНУ, 2006. – С.154–162. 10.
Керницька М. І. Дослідження вартісних показни-
ків основних складових частин ресорно-пружинних
підвісок автобуса / М. І. Керницька // Вісник НУ
«Львівська політехніка» Менеджмент та підприєм-
ництво в Україні: етапи становлення та проблеми
розвитку. – Львів: НУ «Львівська політехніка»,
2007. – № 599 – С. 116–123. 11. Артус М. М. Фор-
мування механізму ціноутворення в умовах ринко-
вої економіки: монографія / Артус М.М. – Терно-
піль: Економічна думка, 2002. – 354 с. 12. Артус
М. М. Функціонування системи цін у фінансовому
механізмі ринкової економіки України: монографія
/ Артус М.М. – Львів: „Новий Світ–2000”, 2008.–
306 с. 13. Гончаренко М.Ф. Тенденции развития
мировых рынков и их влияние на инновационное
развитие хозяйственных систем / М.Ф. Гончаренко
// Научный информационный журнал „Бизнес-
информ”, 2010. − № 4 (1). − С. 123-127. 14. Пін-
чук І.В. Еколого-економічна ефективність зовніш-
ньої торгівлі: методологічні проблеми аналізу /
І.В. Пінчук // Економічні науки. Сер.: Екон. теорія
та екон. історія : [зб. наук. праць] / [З.В. Герасим-
чук]. – Луцьк : ЛНТУ, 2010. – Вип. 7(28). – Ч. 2. –
С. 178–192. 15. Маркс К. Капитал. Критика поли-
тической экономии. Т.1. Кн. 1. Процесс производс-
тва капитала / Маркс К. – М.: Политиздат, 1988. –
Т. 1. – 1988. – 891 с. 16. Смит А. Исследование о
причроде и причинах багатства народов / Смит А.;
пер. с англ. – М.: Издательство соціально-
экономической литературы, 1962. – 677 с.
17. Управление – это наука и искусство:
А.Файоль, Г.Эмерсон, Ф.Тейлор, Г. Форд / [сост.
Г.Л.Подвойский]. – М.: Республика, 1992. – 351 с.
18. Вебер М. Избранные произведения / Вебер М.;
пер. с нем.; сост., общ. ред. и послесл.
Ю.Н.Давыдова; предисл. П.П.Гайденко. – М.: Про-
гресс, 1990. – 808 с. 19. Бетелл Т. Собственность и
процветание / Бетелл Т. ; пер. с англ. Б.Пинскера. –
М.: ИРИСЭН, 2008. – 480 с.
Шевченко В. В., Інякін В. М. Оптимізаційна
модель розподілу фонду часу працівника в теорії
граничної корисності
В статті розроблено оптимізаційну модель ро-
зподілу добового фонду часу окремого індивіда з
використанням теорії граничної корисності. Вико-
ристання запропонованого підходу дозволяє не
тільки знаходити оптимальну тривалість робочого
часу працівника, але і вирішувати протилежне за-
вдання – встановлювати необхідний рівень оплати
праці працівника з метою стимулювання його до
інтенсивної праці протягом робочої доби. Запропо-
нований підхід доцільно використовувати в процесі
атестації робочих місць на підприємстві з метою
виявлення можливих резервів підвищення ефекти-
вності використання трудових ресурсів.
Ключові слова: гранична корисність, модель,
оптимізація, фонд часу, продуктивність праці.
Шевченко В. В., Инякин В. Н. Оптимизаци-
онная модель распределения фонда времени
работника в теории предельной полезности
В статье разработана оптимизационная модель
распределения суточного фонда времени отдельно-
го индивида с использованием теории предельной
полезности. Использование предложенного подхо-
да позволяет не только определять оптимальную
продолжительность рабочего дня работника, но и
решать обратную задачу – устанавливать необхо-
димый уровень оплаты труда работника с целью
стимулирования его к интенсивному производи-
тельному труду в течение рабочего дня. Предло-
женный подход было бы целесообразно использо-
вать в процессе аттестации рабочих мест на пред-
приятии с целью выявления возможных резервов
повышения эффективности использования трудо-
вых ресурсов.
Ключевые слова: предельная полезность, мо-
дель, оптимизация, фонд времени, производитель-
ность труда.
Shevchenko V. V., Inyakin V. M. The Optimi-
zation Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in
the Theory of Marginal Utility
The article presents the optimization model of the
allocation of daily working time fund per person with
the use of the theory of marginal utility. The use of the
suggested approach helps to define the optimal daily
working hours as well as to solve the inverse problem
of fixing the appropriate standard wages as a an incen-
tive to daily productive labour. The suggested approach
would be effective for the workplaces assessment at the
enterprise to reveal the workforce potential.
Keywords: marginal utility, the model, optimiza-
tion, time fund, workforce productivity.
Received by the editors: 10.11.2014
and final form 23.12.2014
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-87625 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1817-3772 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:11:41Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Shevchenko, V.V. Inyakin, V.M. 2015-10-22T09:23:37Z 2015-10-22T09:23:37Z 2014 The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility / V.V. Shevchenko, V.M. Inyakin // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2014. — № 4(38). — С. 159-165. — Бібліогр.: 19 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/87625 330.4+303.09 The article presents the optimization model of the allocation of daily working time fund per person with the use of the theory of marginal utility. The use of the suggested approach helps to define the optimal daily working hours as well as to solve the inverse problem of fixing the appropriate standard wages as a an incentive to daily productive labour. The suggested approach would be effective for the workplaces assessment at the enterprise to reveal the workforce potential. В статті розроблено оптимізаційну модель розподілу добового фонду часу окремого індивіда звикористанням теорії граничної корисності. Використання запропонованого підходу дозволяє не тільки знаходити оптимальну тривалість робочого часу працівника, але і вирішувати протилежне завдання - встановлювати необхідний рівень оплати праці працівника з метою стимулювання його до інтенсивної праці протягом робочої доби. Запропонований підхід доцільно використовувати в процесі атестації робочих місць на підприємстві з метою виявлення можливих резервів підвищення ефективності використання трудових ресурсів. В статье разработана оптимизационная модель распределения суточного фонда времени отдельного индивида с использованием теории предельной полезности. Использование предложенного подхода позволяет не только определять оптимальную продолжительность рабочего дня работника, но и решать обратную задачу - устанавливать необходимый уровень оплаты труда работника с целью стимулирования его к интенсивному производительному труду в течение рабочего дня. Предложенный подход было бы целесообразно использовать в процессе аттестации рабочих мест на предприятии с целью выявления возможных резервов повышения эффективности использования трудовых ресурсов. en Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України Економічний вісник Донбасу Management of Labour and Safety The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility Оптимізаційна модель розподілу фонду часу працівника в теорії граничної корисності Оптимизационная модель распределения фонда времени работника в теории предельной полезности Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility Shevchenko, V.V. Inyakin, V.M. Management of Labour and Safety |
| title | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility |
| title_alt | Оптимізаційна модель розподілу фонду часу працівника в теорії граничної корисності Оптимизационная модель распределения фонда времени работника в теории предельной полезности |
| title_full | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility |
| title_fullStr | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility |
| title_short | The Optimization Model of Working Time Fund Allocation in the Theory of Marginal Utility |
| title_sort | optimization model of working time fund allocation in the theory of marginal utility |
| topic | Management of Labour and Safety |
| topic_facet | Management of Labour and Safety |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/87625 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shevchenkovv theoptimizationmodelofworkingtimefundallocationinthetheoryofmarginalutility AT inyakinvm theoptimizationmodelofworkingtimefundallocationinthetheoryofmarginalutility AT shevchenkovv optimízacíinamodelʹrozpodílufondučasupracívnikavteoríígraničnoíkorisností AT inyakinvm optimízacíinamodelʹrozpodílufondučasupracívnikavteoríígraničnoíkorisností AT shevchenkovv optimizacionnaâmodelʹraspredeleniâfondavremenirabotnikavteoriipredelʹnoipoleznosti AT inyakinvm optimizacionnaâmodelʹraspredeleniâfondavremenirabotnikavteoriipredelʹnoipoleznosti AT shevchenkovv optimizationmodelofworkingtimefundallocationinthetheoryofmarginalutility AT inyakinvm optimizationmodelofworkingtimefundallocationinthetheoryofmarginalutility |