Социальная структура и личность в процессе радикальных изменений: анализ Украины в период трансформаций

• Published in: Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг
• Date: 2005
• Main Authors: Кон, М., Хмелько, В., Паниотто, В., Хунг Хо-Фунг
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Iнститут соціології НАН України 2005
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/90131
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Социальная структура и личность в процессе радикальных изменений: анализ Украины в период трансформаций / М. Кон, В. Хмелько, В. Паниотто, Хо-Фунг Хунг // Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг. — 2005. — № 3. — С. 24–64. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — рос.

This paper investigates the relationships of social structure and personality during a
 period of radical social change attendant on the early stages of the transformation of
 Ukraine from socialism to nascent capitalism. It does so by analyzing data secured
 from face to face interviews with a representative sample of urban Ukrainian men
 and women in 1992 93, together with a follow up survey three to three and a half
 years later of all those respondents who at the time of the initial survey either were
 employed or were seeking paid employment. We found that the over time correlations
 — the stabilities — of two underlying dimensions of personality — self -directedness of
 orientation and a sense of well being or distress — were startlingly low, by comparison
 not only to the United States at a time of much greater social stability, but also to
 Poland at the same time as the Ukrainian study, albeit at a later stage of transition. The
 stability of a third fundamental dimension of personality — intellectual flexibility —
 was higher than those of self directedness of orientation and distress, but considerably
 lower than past research had led us to expect. Still, despite massive changes in social
 and economic conditions and great instability of personality, the relationships of
 social structure with personality were remarkably consistent over time and, with the
 partial exception of those with the sense of wellbeing or distress, were quite similar to
 those of both socialist and advanced capitalist societies during times of apparent
 social stability. Our analyses suggest that consistency in the relationships between
 social structure and personality despite great change both in social structure and in
 personality results from the continued stability of proximate conditions of life that link
 position in the larger social structure to individual personality, and the continued
 strength of those linkages. Notable among these proximate conditions, for those people
 who were employed at the times of both the baseline and follow up surveys, is the
 substantive complexity of their work.