The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration
The Republic of Moldova is situated in south-eastern Europe, between Romania (in the west) and Ukraine (in the north, east and south). Moldova’s population consisted of 4,4 million inhabitants1, on 33,7 thousand square kilometres and the distances between the most northern and the southern points is...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Культура народов Причерноморья |
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| Datum: | 2001 |
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Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України
2001
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| Zitieren: | The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration / A. Figus // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2001. — № 18, т.2. — С. 95-96. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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Figus, A. 2015-12-22T19:26:41Z 2015-12-22T19:26:41Z 2001 The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration / A. Figus // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2001. — № 18, т.2. — С. 95-96. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. 1562-0808 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/90204 The Republic of Moldova is situated in south-eastern Europe, between Romania (in the west) and Ukraine (in the north, east and south). Moldova’s population consisted of 4,4 million inhabitants1, on 33,7 thousand square kilometres and the distances between the most northern and the southern points is 350 kilometres and 150 kilometres from west to east. The combination of climate and soil conditions create high yelds of cereals, grapes, tobacco, fruit and vegetables. en Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України Культура народов Причерноморья Экономика окружающей среды на юге Украины The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration Article first published |
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The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration |
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The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration Figus, A. Экономика окружающей среды на юге Украины |
| title_short |
The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration |
| title_full |
The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration |
| title_fullStr |
The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration |
| title_sort |
"republic of moldova" between transition, globalisation and european integration |
| author |
Figus, A. |
| author_facet |
Figus, A. |
| topic |
Экономика окружающей среды на юге Украины |
| topic_facet |
Экономика окружающей среды на юге Украины |
| publishDate |
2001 |
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English |
| container_title |
Культура народов Причерноморья |
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Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України |
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Article |
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The Republic of Moldova is situated in south-eastern Europe, between Romania (in the west) and Ukraine (in the north, east and south). Moldova’s population consisted of 4,4 million inhabitants1, on 33,7 thousand square kilometres and the distances between the most northern and the southern points is 350 kilometres and 150 kilometres from west to east. The combination of climate and soil conditions create high yelds of cereals, grapes, tobacco, fruit and vegetables.
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| issn |
1562-0808 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/90204 |
| citation_txt |
The "Republic of Moldova" between transition, globalisation and European integration / A. Figus // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2001. — № 18, т.2. — С. 95-96. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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AT figusa therepublicofmoldovabetweentransitionglobalisationandeuropeanintegration AT figusa republicofmoldovabetweentransitionglobalisationandeuropeanintegration |
| first_indexed |
2025-11-26T18:41:29Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-11-26T18:41:29Z |
| _version_ |
1850768767413387264 |
| fulltext |
95
FIGUS Alessandro
THE «REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA» BETWEEN TRANSITION, GLOBALISATION
AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
1. Introduction
The Republic of Moldova is situated in south-eastern Europe, between Romania (in the west) and
Ukraine (in the north, east and south). Moldova’s population consisted of 4,4 million inhabitants
1
, on 33,7
thousand square kilometres and the distances between the most northern and the southern points is 350
kilometres and 150 kilometres from west to east. The combination of climate and soil conditions create
high yelds of cereals, grapes, tobacco, fruit and vegetables.
It includes only a small proportion of historical territories of Moldova (Moldavia is a anglicized
version of the Slavic name of the region
2
) most of which are now in Romania, while others (southern
Bessarabia and Northern Bucovina) are in Ukraine.
Moldova is a fertile plain, including three physical geographic zones: forest, forest-steppe and
steppe, the maximal altitude is of 429 meters and the main rivers are the Dnestr (Nistru in Moldovan
language and Dniester in Russian), which flow through the eastern regions into the Black Sea, and the
Prut that it joins the Danube at the southern tip of Moldova.
The majority of population are Moldovans exactly the 64%,(ethnic Romanians), Ukrainians and
Russian are 26%, Gagauz (Turkish adherents of Orthodox Christianity) are 3,5%, after Bulgarians, Jews
and others. The ethnic problem not exist because the separatists became less an ethnic conflict and more a
purely political struggle. The separatists did not represent compact ethnic population. Today, after the
creation of Gagauzia UTA, the problem exist only in Transdnestria (see 3.).
The capital are Chisinau, which is situated in the central region of the Republic and it had a
population of 700 thousand inhabitants
3
. The state language is Moldovan (equivalent to Romanian) using
the Latin alphabet. Other spoken language is Russian.
2. Directory
The Republic of Moldova proclaimed independence from the USSR on 27 august 1991 and on the
29 July 1994 the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova was adopted.
The Republic of Moldova is a sovereign, independent and indivisible State. The Parliament is the
supreme legislative body and sole legislative authority, it consists of 101 members, directly for a four-
year term. Following the most recent balloting of 22 March 1998, the 101 seats were distributed as
follows: the Party of Moldovan Communists, 40 (leader Vladimir Voronin); the Democratic Convention
of Moldova, 26 (leader the first President of Moldova Mircea Snegur, elected 8 December 1991); the
Bloc for a Democratic and Prosperous Moldova, 24 (leader Dumitru Diacov); and the Party of
Democratic Forces, 11 (leader Valeriu Matei)
4
.
The President of the Republic of Moldova is Petru Luucinschi (directly elected in December 1996).
He is the Head of the State and is elected directly by the voters for a four-year term. The President has
main responsibilities included the promulgation of laws, the issue of decrees, the scheduling of
referendums, the conclusion of international treaties and the dissolution of the Parliament.
The President is allowed to participate in parliamentary proceedings and, after consultation with the
parliamentary majority, is responsible for nominating a Prime Minister designate and the government.
The President can preside over government meetings and the consult the Government on matters of
special importance and urgency. On proposals submitted by the Prime Minister, the President may revoke
or nominate members of the Goverment in cases of vacancies or the reallocation of portfolios
5
.
1 According census to the 1991.
2 KING Charles, Moldova in Eastern Europe and Commowealth of Indipendent States, Europa Publications Limited. London. 1996, page 516.
3 DITTER Jean Guillaume and SMESSOV Serge, Moldavie, CFCE. Paris. 1996, page 9.
4 BANKS Arthur and MULLER Thomas (ed. by), Political Handbook of the world 1998, CSA Publications, Binghamton University. New York.
1998, page 616.
5 KING Charles, Moldova in Eastern Europe and Commowealth of Indipendent States, Europa Publications Limited. London. 1996, page 527.
96
The principal organ of executive is the Council of Ministers. Following the legislative election in
March 1998, the President Lucinschi nominated Prime Minister Ion Ciubuc, leader of Movement for
Democratic and Prosperous Moldova. After Ciubuc Lucinschi nominated Ion Sturza, but now the Head of
Government is Dumitru Braghis, nominated the 21 December 1999.
For administrative purposes Moldova is divided into districts, towns and villages, in which local
self-government is practised
6
.
3. The case of the Transdnestria: it is a globalization problem?
The most important problem for Moldova was and is the conflict over the secessionist republic of
Dnestr. The region of Dnestr broke away from Moldova in 1990, has remained firmly in the hand of pro-
Russian, old guard communists. It also hosts a significant Russian troop contingent whose future is a
major point of contention between Chisinau and Moscow. The Dnestr region which still has the 14
th
Russian Army of General Lebed, located on its territory, has become a litmus test for Russian’s policy
toward what it calls the «near abroad».
Attempts by Chisinau to bring it back into the fold either by force (the war in March-June 1992) or
by negotiations
7
.
The peace accord signed between Moldova and Russia on 21 July 1992 brought an end to the
fighting and established a security zone along the Dnestr river and in the city of Bender.
On October 1994, often assistance of the OSCE, Moldova and Russia signed a agreement that it
provided for the withdrawal of the 14
th
Russian Army from Transdnestria within three years, but after the
referendum in Transdnestria in late March 1995 some 91% of those participated voted against the
withdrawal of Russian forces
8
.
Negotiations between Moldovan and Transdnestria administrations continue. In 1996 the two parts
signed on a memorandum the principles for a peace settlement.
Today the situation is still complicate.
This year President Petru Lucinschi and Transdnestria separatist leader Igor Smirnov, meeting in
Tiraspol on 17 February 1998, failed to bridge their main political difference but reached agreement on
how to resolve outstanding economic questions. Lucinschi said Moldova et Tiraspol's demand that it be
treated as an independent state, while Smirnov pointed to the Transdniester constitution, which, he noted,
defines the region as such. Smirnov added that Tiraspol is «ready to take into consideration international
practice» but only if the two sides conduct negotiations as «fully equal partners». He said the term
«unified state», included in the 8 May memorandum, is interpreted in Tiraspol as meaning «two states
that have decided to build one unified country».
The Transdnestria problem is still a big problem for Moldova; this problem is always open.
Moldova is located some 500 kilometres from Russia, but in our time 500 kilometres are nothing, for
Moldova the globalization with Russia is really full.
Bibliography
1. BANKS Arthur and MULLER Thomas (ed. by), Political Handbook of the world 1998, CSA
Publications, Binghamton University. New York. 1998, page 616.
2. DITTER Jean Guillaume and SMESSOV Serge, Moldavie, CFCE. Paris. 1996, page 9.
3. GRIBINCEA Mihai, The case of Moldova, in Transition. London. 20.10.1995, pages 3-4
4. KING Charles, Moldova in Eastern Europe and Commowealth of Indipendent States, Europa
Publications Limited. London. 1996, pages 513-533.
6 KING Charles, Moldova in Eastern Europe and Commowealth of Indipendent States, Europa Publications Limited. London. 1996, page 516.
7 GRIBINCEA Mihai, The case of Moldova, in Transition,, London 20.10.1995, pages 3-4.
8 KING Charles, Moldova in Eastern Europe and Commowealth of Indipendent States, Europa Publications Limited. London. 1996, page 519.
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