Досвід розробки та промислового впровадження сучасних термотехнологічних агрегатів для переплавляння відходів алюмінієвих сплавів

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Алексеєнко, В.В., Васечко, O.O., Сезоненко, О.Б.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2023
• Теми: алюмінієві сплави; відходи; металургія; перероблення; міксер; печі; промисловість
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/129
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

The article is devoted to highlighting of the current problem of complete processing of aluminium waste for production of aluminium grade alloys using modern equipment. Advantages of processing of aluminium-containing wastes for production of grade alloys are given. The most common groups are classified. The cost of the energy component in the secondary processing of aluminium-containing wastes and the reasonable economic feasibility of such processing is analyzed. The importance of controlling of emission levels of harmful substances during the processing of secondary aluminum was noted. Working zones of furnaces for secondary aluminium remelting irrespective of design features are described. The design of the most common furnaces in Ukraine for the processing of secondary aluminum, namely single-chamber with dry inclined hearth, tree-chamber, rotary (rotating), were analyzed. It is noted that the main advantage of rotary furnaces is the unquestioning advantage in productivity, while rotary furnaces have a number of significant disadvantages. Particular attention is paid to the main disadvantages of rotary melting furnaces. Features of lining operation, which contacts with melt in aluminium-melting furnace, are considered. On the basis of many years’ experience in development and operation of heating systems of industrial smelting furnaces it is proposed the special design of a furnace-mixer for holding of molten aluminium casting alloys, where as a heating system there is installed a ceiling flat-flask multi-nozzle burner. The scheme of the design of the furnace mixer and the advantages during its implementation are given. Thanks to the successful design, small costs of natural gas are ensured, together with the absence of metal carbon monoxide, which positively affects the qualitative and quantitative emission of harmful substances, which allows to unload the dust-gas trap system and reduce environmental pollution.