Концепції охолодження виливків за допомогою кріотехнології, нових сипучих матеріалів і способів лиття

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Дорошенко, В.С., Калюжний, П.Б.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2023
• Теми: лиття; охолодження виливків; кріотехнологія; ізотермічне гартування; термообробка; високоміцний чавун; лід; пропант
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/161
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

Foundry is one of the best examples of resource efficiency, since castings are almost completely available for processing at the end of the operating cycle by re-melting in the production of new ones. In terms of increasing the resource efficiency of production, new casting methods, bulk low-temperature and refractory materials for regulating the cooling of castings are described. The studies were performed under the guidance of prof. O.I. Shinskii in terms of scientific topics of the PTIMA NAS of Ukraine. The regulation processes over a wide range of cooling of a casting in a sandy mold allow both to optimally shorten the cooling time of the casting in the mold, and to influence the formation of the metal structure. In the first case, bases are created to reduce the length of the conveyor branch of the molding and casting lines, on which castings in molds or areas for molds on the casting pad are cooled, as well as for assembling casting rotary conveyor complexes with proportional rotor modules on which molding, pouring and cooling castings operations are performed, bringing them to about the same duration. In the second case, an increase in the rate of crystallization and cooling of the casting has growth limits, the excess of which can lead to a deterioration in the service properties of the metal, in particular, for graphitized cast irons. Therefore, the processes of heat treatment of metals are involved and examples of the mutual complement of the processes of casting and heat treatment of metal are shown. For castings made of iron, casting methods have been proposed in combination with isothermal quenching of castings. The use of solid-gas dispersed media for such quenching (as opposed to traditional liquid) will increase the environmental conditions of production. And the cooling of castings, up to their hardening, using cryotechnology with ice melting, water evaporation and condensation of steam in contact with ice bring the production process closer to nature-like technologies.