Особливості одержання литих модулів для побудови захисних споруд

• Дата: 2025
• Автори: Шинський, О.Й., Шалевська, І.А., Калюжний, П.Б., Квасницька, Ю.Г., Нейма, О.В., Шалевський, А.В.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2025
• Теми: виливок; захисна споруда; тонкостінні литі модулі; наповнювач; лиття за моделями; що газифікуються
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/309
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the current issues related to the development of modular protective structures. The article considers the types of engineering structures designed to protect personnel, control points and material and technical means from the effects of weapons. Special attention is paid to prefabricated structures for the rapid construction of shelters. A number of shortcomings in the complexity of production, installation, duration of the production cycle in the manufacture of existing protective structures, or their insufficient stability, were identified. The prospects of using casting technologies for obtaining modules for the rapid construction of protective structures are shown. The Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has developed the principles of constructing modular protective structures based on cast structures. Cast modules have been designed, which structurally consist of a metal shell and a refractory non-metallic filler and have a surface that increases their protective characteristics and reduces the metal content of products. For the shell of the modules, economical alloyed carbon steels and appropriate heat treatment regimes have been developed to ensure the required level of physical and mechanical properties. The use of non-metallic fillers in cast metal structures allows for the production of modules with a nominal density that is 1.5 times lower than that of reinforced concrete. As a result of the research, a comprehensive technological scheme for the manufacture of cast lightweight steel modules based on gasified models was developed. Laboratory and pilot-production tests were conducted, and pilot modules were manufactured. It was established that the shelter made of cast lightweight steel modules in terms of protective characteristics — in terms of maintaining strength, integrity, and preventing significant movements — meets the requirements of storage facilities in accordance with regulatory documentation.